2 * Block driver for media (i.e., flash cards)
4 * Copyright 2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
5 * Copyright 2005-2008 Pierre Ossman
7 * Use consistent with the GNU GPL is permitted,
8 * provided that this copyright notice is
9 * preserved in its entirety in all copies and derived works.
11 * HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
12 * AS TO THE USEFULNESS OR CORRECTNESS OF THIS CODE OR ITS
13 * FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
15 * Many thanks to Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet!
17 * Author: Andrew Christian
20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/errno.h>
27 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
28 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
33 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
34 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
35 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
36 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
38 #include <asm/system.h>
39 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
44 * max 8 partitions per card
47 #define MMC_NUM_MINORS (256 >> MMC_SHIFT)
49 static DECLARE_BITMAP(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
52 * There is one mmc_blk_data per slot.
57 struct mmc_queue queue;
60 unsigned int block_bits;
61 unsigned int read_only;
64 static DEFINE_MUTEX(open_lock);
66 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_get(struct gendisk *disk)
68 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
70 mutex_lock(&open_lock);
71 md = disk->private_data;
72 if (md && md->usage == 0)
76 mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
81 static void mmc_blk_put(struct mmc_blk_data *md)
83 mutex_lock(&open_lock);
86 int devidx = md->disk->first_minor >> MMC_SHIFT;
87 __clear_bit(devidx, dev_use);
92 mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
95 static int mmc_blk_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
97 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
100 md = mmc_blk_get(inode->i_bdev->bd_disk);
103 check_disk_change(inode->i_bdev);
106 if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && md->read_only) {
115 static int mmc_blk_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
117 struct mmc_blk_data *md = inode->i_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
124 mmc_blk_getgeo(struct block_device *bdev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
126 geo->cylinders = get_capacity(bdev->bd_disk) / (4 * 16);
132 static struct block_device_operations mmc_bdops = {
133 .open = mmc_blk_open,
134 .release = mmc_blk_release,
135 .getgeo = mmc_blk_getgeo,
136 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
139 struct mmc_blk_request {
140 struct mmc_request mrq;
141 struct mmc_command cmd;
142 struct mmc_command stop;
143 struct mmc_data data;
146 static u32 mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(struct mmc_card *card)
151 struct mmc_request mrq;
152 struct mmc_command cmd;
153 struct mmc_data data;
154 unsigned int timeout_us;
156 struct scatterlist sg;
158 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
160 cmd.opcode = MMC_APP_CMD;
161 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
162 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
164 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 0);
167 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && !(cmd.resp[0] & R1_APP_CMD))
170 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
172 cmd.opcode = SD_APP_SEND_NUM_WR_BLKS;
174 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
176 memset(&data, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_data));
178 data.timeout_ns = card->csd.tacc_ns * 100;
179 data.timeout_clks = card->csd.tacc_clks * 100;
181 timeout_us = data.timeout_ns / 1000;
182 timeout_us += data.timeout_clks * 1000 /
183 (card->host->ios.clock / 1000);
185 if (timeout_us > 100000) {
186 data.timeout_ns = 100000000;
187 data.timeout_clks = 0;
192 data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
196 memset(&mrq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_request));
201 sg_init_one(&sg, &blocks, 4);
203 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &mrq);
205 if (cmd.error || data.error)
208 blocks = ntohl(blocks);
213 static int mmc_blk_issue_rq(struct mmc_queue *mq, struct request *req)
215 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mq->data;
216 struct mmc_card *card = md->queue.card;
217 struct mmc_blk_request brq;
218 int ret = 1, data_size, i;
219 struct scatterlist *sg;
221 mmc_claim_host(card->host);
224 struct mmc_command cmd;
225 u32 readcmd, writecmd;
227 memset(&brq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_blk_request));
228 brq.mrq.cmd = &brq.cmd;
229 brq.mrq.data = &brq.data;
231 brq.cmd.arg = req->sector;
232 if (!mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
234 brq.cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
235 brq.data.blksz = 1 << md->block_bits;
236 brq.stop.opcode = MMC_STOP_TRANSMISSION;
238 brq.stop.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1B | MMC_RSP_R1B | MMC_CMD_AC;
239 brq.data.blocks = req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9);
240 if (brq.data.blocks > card->host->max_blk_count)
241 brq.data.blocks = card->host->max_blk_count;
243 if (brq.data.blocks > 1) {
244 /* SPI multiblock writes terminate using a special
245 * token, not a STOP_TRANSMISSION request.
247 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host)
248 || rq_data_dir(req) == READ)
249 brq.mrq.stop = &brq.stop;
250 readcmd = MMC_READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
251 writecmd = MMC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
254 readcmd = MMC_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK;
255 writecmd = MMC_WRITE_BLOCK;
258 if (rq_data_dir(req) == READ) {
259 brq.cmd.opcode = readcmd;
260 brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_READ;
262 brq.cmd.opcode = writecmd;
263 brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_WRITE;
266 mmc_set_data_timeout(&brq.data, card);
268 brq.data.sg = mq->sg;
269 brq.data.sg_len = mmc_queue_map_sg(mq);
271 mmc_queue_bounce_pre(mq);
274 * Adjust the sg list so it is the same size as the
277 if (brq.data.blocks !=
278 (req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9))) {
279 data_size = brq.data.blocks * brq.data.blksz;
280 for_each_sg(brq.data.sg, sg, brq.data.sg_len, i) {
281 data_size -= sg->length;
282 if (data_size <= 0) {
283 sg->length += data_size;
291 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &brq.mrq);
293 mmc_queue_bounce_post(mq);
296 * Check for errors here, but don't jump to cmd_err
297 * until later as we need to wait for the card to leave
298 * programming mode even when things go wrong.
301 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending read/write command\n",
302 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.cmd.error);
305 if (brq.data.error) {
306 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d transferring data\n",
307 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.data.error);
310 if (brq.stop.error) {
311 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending stop command\n",
312 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.stop.error);
315 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && rq_data_dir(req) != READ) {
319 cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_STATUS;
320 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
321 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
322 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
324 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d requesting status\n",
325 req->rq_disk->disk_name, err);
329 * Some cards mishandle the status bits,
330 * so make sure to check both the busy
331 * indication and the card state.
333 } while (!(cmd.resp[0] & R1_READY_FOR_DATA) ||
334 (R1_CURRENT_STATE(cmd.resp[0]) == 7));
337 if (cmd.resp[0] & ~0x00000900)
338 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: status = %08x\n",
339 req->rq_disk->disk_name, cmd.resp[0]);
340 if (mmc_decode_status(cmd.resp))
345 if (brq.cmd.error || brq.data.error || brq.stop.error)
349 * A block was successfully transferred.
351 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
352 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
353 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
356 mmc_release_host(card->host);
362 * If this is an SD card and we're writing, we can first
363 * mark the known good sectors as ok.
365 * If the card is not SD, we can still ok written sectors
366 * as reported by the controller (which might be less than
367 * the real number of written sectors, but never more).
369 * For reads we just fail the entire chunk as that should
370 * be safe in all cases.
372 if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ) {
373 if (mmc_card_sd(card)) {
377 blocks = mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(card);
378 if (blocks != (u32)-1) {
379 if (card->csd.write_partial)
380 bytes = blocks << md->block_bits;
383 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
384 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, bytes);
385 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
388 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
389 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
390 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
394 mmc_release_host(card->host);
396 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
398 ret = __blk_end_request(req, -EIO, blk_rq_cur_bytes(req));
399 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
405 static inline int mmc_blk_readonly(struct mmc_card *card)
407 return mmc_card_readonly(card) ||
408 !(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_WRITE);
411 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_alloc(struct mmc_card *card)
413 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
416 devidx = find_first_zero_bit(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
417 if (devidx >= MMC_NUM_MINORS)
418 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
419 __set_bit(devidx, dev_use);
421 md = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mmc_blk_data), GFP_KERNEL);
429 * Set the read-only status based on the supported commands
430 * and the write protect switch.
432 md->read_only = mmc_blk_readonly(card);
435 * Both SD and MMC specifications state (although a bit
436 * unclearly in the MMC case) that a block size of 512
437 * bytes must always be supported by the card.
441 md->disk = alloc_disk(1 << MMC_SHIFT);
442 if (md->disk == NULL) {
447 spin_lock_init(&md->lock);
450 ret = mmc_init_queue(&md->queue, card, &md->lock);
454 md->queue.issue_fn = mmc_blk_issue_rq;
457 md->disk->major = MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR;
458 md->disk->first_minor = devidx << MMC_SHIFT;
459 md->disk->fops = &mmc_bdops;
460 md->disk->private_data = md;
461 md->disk->queue = md->queue.queue;
462 md->disk->driverfs_dev = &card->dev;
465 * As discussed on lkml, GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE should:
467 * - be set for removable media with permanent block devices
468 * - be unset for removable block devices with permanent media
470 * Since MMC block devices clearly fall under the second
471 * case, we do not set GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE. Userspace
472 * should use the block device creation/destruction hotplug
473 * messages to tell when the card is present.
476 sprintf(md->disk->disk_name, "mmcblk%d", devidx);
478 blk_queue_hardsect_size(md->queue.queue, 1 << md->block_bits);
480 if (!mmc_card_sd(card) && mmc_card_blockaddr(card)) {
482 * The EXT_CSD sector count is in number or 512 byte
485 set_capacity(md->disk, card->ext_csd.sectors);
488 * The CSD capacity field is in units of read_blkbits.
489 * set_capacity takes units of 512 bytes.
491 set_capacity(md->disk,
492 card->csd.capacity << (card->csd.read_blkbits - 9));
505 mmc_blk_set_blksize(struct mmc_blk_data *md, struct mmc_card *card)
507 struct mmc_command cmd;
510 /* Block-addressed cards ignore MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN. */
511 if (mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
514 mmc_claim_host(card->host);
515 cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN;
516 cmd.arg = 1 << md->block_bits;
517 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
518 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
519 mmc_release_host(card->host);
522 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unable to set block size to %d: %d\n",
523 md->disk->disk_name, cmd.arg, err);
530 static int mmc_blk_probe(struct mmc_card *card)
532 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
536 * Check that the card supports the command class(es) we need.
538 if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_READ))
541 md = mmc_blk_alloc(card);
545 err = mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
549 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %s %s %lluKiB %s\n",
550 md->disk->disk_name, mmc_card_id(card), mmc_card_name(card),
551 (unsigned long long)(get_capacity(md->disk) >> 1),
552 md->read_only ? "(ro)" : "");
554 mmc_set_drvdata(card, md);
564 static void mmc_blk_remove(struct mmc_card *card)
566 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
569 /* Stop new requests from getting into the queue */
570 del_gendisk(md->disk);
572 /* Then flush out any already in there */
573 mmc_cleanup_queue(&md->queue);
577 mmc_set_drvdata(card, NULL);
581 static int mmc_blk_suspend(struct mmc_card *card, pm_message_t state)
583 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
586 mmc_queue_suspend(&md->queue);
591 static int mmc_blk_resume(struct mmc_card *card)
593 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
596 mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
597 mmc_queue_resume(&md->queue);
602 #define mmc_blk_suspend NULL
603 #define mmc_blk_resume NULL
606 static struct mmc_driver mmc_driver = {
610 .probe = mmc_blk_probe,
611 .remove = mmc_blk_remove,
612 .suspend = mmc_blk_suspend,
613 .resume = mmc_blk_resume,
616 static int __init mmc_blk_init(void)
620 res = register_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
624 return mmc_register_driver(&mmc_driver);
630 static void __exit mmc_blk_exit(void)
632 mmc_unregister_driver(&mmc_driver);
633 unregister_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
636 module_init(mmc_blk_init);
637 module_exit(mmc_blk_exit);
639 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
640 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Multimedia Card (MMC) block device driver");