git.oblomov.eu Git - git/blob - builtin/merge.c

   1 /*
   2  * Builtin "git merge"
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>
   5  *
   6  * Based on git-merge.sh by Junio C Hamano.
   7  */
   8
   9 #include "cache.h"
  10 #include "parse-options.h"
  11 #include "builtin.h"
  12 #include "lockfile.h"
  13 #include "run-command.h"
  14 #include "diff.h"
  15 #include "refs.h"
  16 #include "commit.h"
  17 #include "diffcore.h"
  18 #include "revision.h"
  19 #include "unpack-trees.h"
  20 #include "cache-tree.h"
  21 #include "dir.h"
  22 #include "utf8.h"
  23 #include "log-tree.h"
  24 #include "color.h"
  25 #include "rerere.h"
  26 #include "help.h"
  27 #include "merge-recursive.h"
  28 #include "resolve-undo.h"
  29 #include "remote.h"
  30 #include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
  31 #include "gpg-interface.h"
  32 #include "sequencer.h"
  33
  34 #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
  35 #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
  36 #define NO_FAST_FORWARD (1<<2)
  37 #define NO_TRIVIAL      (1<<3)
  38
  39 struct strategy {
  40         const char *name;
  41         unsigned attr;
  42 };
  43
  44 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
  45         N_("git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"),
  46         N_("git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"),
  47         N_("git merge --abort"),
  48         NULL
  49 };
  50
  51 static int show_diffstat = 1, shortlog_len = -1, squash;
  52 static int option_commit = 1;
  53 static int option_edit = -1;
  54 static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message, verify_signatures;
  55 static int overwrite_ignore = 1;
  56 static struct strbuf merge_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
  57 static struct strategy **use_strategies;
  58 static size_t use_strategies_nr, use_strategies_alloc;
  59 static const char **xopts;
  60 static size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
  61 static const char *branch;
  62 static char *branch_mergeoptions;
  63 static int option_renormalize;
  64 static int verbosity;
  65 static int allow_rerere_auto;
  66 static int abort_current_merge;
  67 static int allow_unrelated_histories;
  68 static int show_progress = -1;
  69 static int default_to_upstream = 1;
  70 static const char *sign_commit;
  71
  72 static struct strategy all_strategy[] = {
  73         { "recursive",  DEFAULT_TWOHEAD | NO_TRIVIAL },
  74         { "octopus",    DEFAULT_OCTOPUS },
  75         { "resolve",    0 },
  76         { "ours",       NO_FAST_FORWARD | NO_TRIVIAL },
  77         { "subtree",    NO_FAST_FORWARD | NO_TRIVIAL },
  78 };
  79
  80 static const char *pull_twohead, *pull_octopus;
  81
  82 enum ff_type {
  83         FF_NO,
  84         FF_ALLOW,
  85         FF_ONLY
  86 };
  87
  88 static enum ff_type fast_forward = FF_ALLOW;
  89
  90 static int option_parse_message(const struct option *opt,
  91                                 const char *arg, int unset)
  92 {
  93         struct strbuf *buf = opt->value;
  94
  95         if (unset)
  96                 strbuf_setlen(buf, 0);
  97         else if (arg) {
  98                 strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", buf->len ? "\n\n" : "", arg);
  99                 have_message = 1;
 100         } else
 101                 return error(_("switch `m' requires a value"));
 102         return 0;
 103 }
 104
 105 static struct strategy *get_strategy(const char *name)
 106 {
 107         int i;
 108         struct strategy *ret;
 109         static struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
 110         static int loaded;
 111
 112         if (!name)
 113                 return NULL;
 114
 115         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
 116                 if (!strcmp(name, all_strategy[i].name))
 117                         return &all_strategy[i];
 118
 119         if (!loaded) {
 120                 struct cmdnames not_strategies;
 121                 loaded = 1;
 122
 123                 memset(&not_strategies, 0, sizeof(struct cmdnames));
 124                 load_command_list("git-merge-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
 125                 for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++) {
 126                         int j, found = 0;
 127                         struct cmdname *ent = main_cmds.names[i];
 128                         for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); j++)
 129                                 if (!strncmp(ent->name, all_strategy[j].name, ent->len)
 130                                                 && !all_strategy[j].name[ent->len])
 131                                         found = 1;
 132                         if (!found)
 133                                 add_cmdname(&not_strategies, ent->name, ent->len);
 134                 }
 135                 exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
 136         }
 137         if (!is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, name) && !is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, name)) {
 138                 fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"), name);
 139                 fprintf(stderr, _("Available strategies are:"));
 140                 for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++)
 141                         fprintf(stderr, " %s", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
 142                 fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
 143                 if (other_cmds.cnt) {
 144                         fprintf(stderr, _("Available custom strategies are:"));
 145                         for (i = 0; i < other_cmds.cnt; i++)
 146                                 fprintf(stderr, " %s", other_cmds.names[i]->name);
 147                         fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
 148                 }
 149                 exit(1);
 150         }
 151
 152         ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct strategy));
 153         ret->name = xstrdup(name);
 154         ret->attr = NO_TRIVIAL;
 155         return ret;
 156 }
 157
 158 static void append_strategy(struct strategy *s)
 159 {
 160         ALLOC_GROW(use_strategies, use_strategies_nr + 1, use_strategies_alloc);
 161         use_strategies[use_strategies_nr++] = s;
 162 }
 163
 164 static int option_parse_strategy(const struct option *opt,
 165                                  const char *name, int unset)
 166 {
 167         if (unset)
 168                 return 0;
 169
 170         append_strategy(get_strategy(name));
 171         return 0;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int option_parse_x(const struct option *opt,
 175                           const char *arg, int unset)
 176 {
 177         if (unset)
 178                 return 0;
 179
 180         ALLOC_GROW(xopts, xopts_nr + 1, xopts_alloc);
 181         xopts[xopts_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
 182         return 0;
 183 }
 184
 185 static int option_parse_n(const struct option *opt,
 186                           const char *arg, int unset)
 187 {
 188         show_diffstat = unset;
 189         return 0;
 190 }
 191
 192 static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 193         { OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', NULL, NULL, NULL,
 194                 N_("do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
 195                 PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_n },
 196         OPT_BOOL(0, "stat", &show_diffstat,
 197                 N_("show a diffstat at the end of the merge")),
 198         OPT_BOOL(0, "summary", &show_diffstat, N_("(synonym to --stat)")),
 199         { OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "log", &shortlog_len, N_("n"),
 200           N_("add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"),
 201           PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN },
 202         OPT_BOOL(0, "squash", &squash,
 203                 N_("create a single commit instead of doing a merge")),
 204         OPT_BOOL(0, "commit", &option_commit,
 205                 N_("perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)")),
 206         OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &option_edit,
 207                 N_("edit message before committing")),
 208         OPT_SET_INT(0, "ff", &fast_forward, N_("allow fast-forward (default)"), FF_ALLOW),
 209         { OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "ff-only", &fast_forward, NULL,
 210                 N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
 211                 PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, FF_ONLY },
 212         OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&allow_rerere_auto),
 213         OPT_BOOL(0, "verify-signatures", &verify_signatures,
 214                 N_("Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature")),
 215         OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, N_("strategy"),
 216                 N_("merge strategy to use"), option_parse_strategy),
 217         OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, N_("option=value"),
 218                 N_("option for selected merge strategy"), option_parse_x),
 219         OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, N_("message"),
 220                 N_("merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"),
 221                 option_parse_message),
 222         OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 223         OPT_BOOL(0, "abort", &abort_current_merge,
 224                 N_("abort the current in-progress merge")),
 225         OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-unrelated-histories", &allow_unrelated_histories,
 226                  N_("allow merging unrelated histories")),
 227         OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("force progress reporting"), 1),
 228         { OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &sign_commit, N_("key-id"),
 229           N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
 230         OPT_BOOL(0, "overwrite-ignore", &overwrite_ignore, N_("update ignored files (default)")),
 231         OPT_END()
 232 };
 233
 234 /* Cleans up metadata that is uninteresting after a succeeded merge. */
 235 static void drop_save(void)
 236 {
 237         unlink(git_path_merge_head());
 238         unlink(git_path_merge_msg());
 239         unlink(git_path_merge_mode());
 240 }
 241
 242 static int save_state(unsigned char *stash)
 243 {
 244         int len;
 245         struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 246         struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 247         const char *argv[] = {"stash", "create", NULL};
 248
 249         cp.argv = argv;
 250         cp.out = -1;
 251         cp.git_cmd = 1;
 252
 253         if (start_command(&cp))
 254                 die(_("could not run stash."));
 255         len = strbuf_read(&buffer, cp.out, 1024);
 256         close(cp.out);
 257
 258         if (finish_command(&cp) || len < 0)
 259                 die(_("stash failed"));
 260         else if (!len)          /* no changes */
 261                 return -1;
 262         strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len-1);
 263         if (get_sha1(buffer.buf, stash))
 264                 die(_("not a valid object: %s"), buffer.buf);
 265         return 0;
 266 }
 267
 268 static void read_empty(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 269 {
 270         int i = 0;
 271         const char *args[7];
 272
 273         args[i++] = "read-tree";
 274         if (verbose)
 275                 args[i++] = "-v";
 276         args[i++] = "-m";
 277         args[i++] = "-u";
 278         args[i++] = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
 279         args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 280         args[i] = NULL;
 281
 282         if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 283                 die(_("read-tree failed"));
 284 }
 285
 286 static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 287 {
 288         int i = 0;
 289         const char *args[6];
 290
 291         args[i++] = "read-tree";
 292         if (verbose)
 293                 args[i++] = "-v";
 294         args[i++] = "--reset";
 295         args[i++] = "-u";
 296         args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 297         args[i] = NULL;
 298
 299         if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 300                 die(_("read-tree failed"));
 301 }
 302
 303 static void restore_state(const unsigned char *head,
 304                           const unsigned char *stash)
 305 {
 306         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 307         const char *args[] = { "stash", "apply", NULL, NULL };
 308
 309         if (is_null_sha1(stash))
 310                 return;
 311
 312         reset_hard(head, 1);
 313
 314         args[2] = sha1_to_hex(stash);
 315
 316         /*
 317          * It is OK to ignore error here, for example when there was
 318          * nothing to restore.
 319          */
 320         run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 321
 322         strbuf_release(&sb);
 323         refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 324 }
 325
 326 /* This is called when no merge was necessary. */
 327 static void finish_up_to_date(const char *msg)
 328 {
 329         if (verbosity >= 0)
 330                 printf("%s%s\n", squash ? _(" (nothing to squash)") : "", msg);
 331         drop_save();
 332 }
 333
 334 static void squash_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 335 {
 336         struct rev_info rev;
 337         struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 338         struct commit_list *j;
 339         const char *filename;
 340         int fd;
 341         struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 342
 343         printf(_("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 344         filename = git_path_squash_msg();
 345         fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 346         if (fd < 0)
 347                 die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 348
 349         init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 350         rev.ignore_merges = 1;
 351         rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM;
 352
 353         commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 354         add_pending_object(&rev, &commit->object, NULL);
 355
 356         for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
 357                 add_pending_object(&rev, &j->item->object, NULL);
 358
 359         setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 360         if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
 361                 die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 362
 363         ctx.abbrev = rev.abbrev;
 364         ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
 365         ctx.fmt = rev.commit_format;
 366
 367         strbuf_addstr(&out, "Squashed commit of the following:\n");
 368         while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
 369                 strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
 370                 strbuf_addf(&out, "commit %s\n",
 371                         oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 372                 pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &out);
 373         }
 374         if (write_in_full(fd, out.buf, out.len) != out.len)
 375                 die_errno(_("Writing SQUASH_MSG"));
 376         if (close(fd))
 377                 die_errno(_("Finishing SQUASH_MSG"));
 378         strbuf_release(&out);
 379 }
 380
 381 static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
 382                    struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 383                    const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
 384 {
 385         struct strbuf reflog_message = STRBUF_INIT;
 386         const unsigned char *head = head_commit->object.oid.hash;
 387
 388         if (!msg)
 389                 strbuf_addstr(&reflog_message, getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"));
 390         else {
 391                 if (verbosity >= 0)
 392                         printf("%s\n", msg);
 393                 strbuf_addf(&reflog_message, "%s: %s",
 394                         getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"), msg);
 395         }
 396         if (squash) {
 397                 squash_message(head_commit, remoteheads);
 398         } else {
 399                 if (verbosity >= 0 && !merge_msg.len)
 400                         printf(_("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 401                 else {
 402                         const char *argv_gc_auto[] = { "gc", "--auto", NULL };
 403                         update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD",
 404                                 new_head, head, 0,
 405                                 UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 406                         /*
 407                          * We ignore errors in 'gc --auto', since the
 408                          * user should see them.
 409                          */
 410                         close_all_packs();
 411                         run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 412                 }
 413         }
 414         if (new_head && show_diffstat) {
 415                 struct diff_options opts;
 416                 diff_setup(&opts);
 417                 opts.stat_width = -1; /* use full terminal width */
 418                 opts.stat_graph_width = -1; /* respect statGraphWidth config */
 419                 opts.output_format |=
 420                         DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
 421                 opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 422                 diff_setup_done(&opts);
 423                 diff_tree_sha1(head, new_head, "", &opts);
 424                 diffcore_std(&opts);
 425                 diff_flush(&opts);
 426         }
 427
 428         /* Run a post-merge hook */
 429         run_hook_le(NULL, "post-merge", squash ? "1" : "0", NULL);
 430
 431         strbuf_release(&reflog_message);
 432 }
 433
 434 /* Get the name for the merge commit's message. */
 435 static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 436 {
 437         struct commit *remote_head;
 438         unsigned char branch_head[20];
 439         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 440         struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 441         const char *ptr;
 442         char *found_ref;
 443         int len, early;
 444
 445         strbuf_branchname(&bname, remote);
 446         remote = bname.buf;
 447
 448         memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
 449         remote_head = get_merge_parent(remote);
 450         if (!remote_head)
 451                 die(_("'%s' does not point to a commit"), remote);
 452
 453         if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
 454                 if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
 455                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tbranch '%s' of .\n",
 456                                     sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
 457                         goto cleanup;
 458                 }
 459                 if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/tags/")) {
 460                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\ttag '%s' of .\n",
 461                                     sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
 462                         goto cleanup;
 463                 }
 464                 if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
 465                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote-tracking branch '%s' of .\n",
 466                                     sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
 467                         goto cleanup;
 468                 }
 469         }
 470
 471         /* See if remote matches <name>^^^.. or <name>~<number> */
 472         for (len = 0, ptr = remote + strlen(remote);
 473              remote < ptr && ptr[-1] == '^';
 474              ptr--)
 475                 len++;
 476         if (len)
 477                 early = 1;
 478         else {
 479                 early = 0;
 480                 ptr = strrchr(remote, '~');
 481                 if (ptr) {
 482                         int seen_nonzero = 0;
 483
 484                         len++; /* count ~ */
 485                         while (*++ptr && isdigit(*ptr)) {
 486                                 seen_nonzero |= (*ptr != '0');
 487                                 len++;
 488                         }
 489                         if (*ptr)
 490                                 len = 0; /* not ...~<number> */
 491                         else if (seen_nonzero)
 492                                 early = 1;
 493                         else if (len == 1)
 494                                 early = 1; /* "name~" is "name~1"! */
 495                 }
 496         }
 497         if (len) {
 498                 struct strbuf truname = STRBUF_INIT;
 499                 strbuf_addf(&truname, "refs/heads/%s", remote);
 500                 strbuf_setlen(&truname, truname.len - len);
 501                 if (ref_exists(truname.buf)) {
 502                         strbuf_addf(msg,
 503                                     "%s\t\tbranch '%s'%s of .\n",
 504                                     sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.oid.hash),
 505                                     truname.buf + 11,
 506                                     (early ? " (early part)" : ""));
 507                         strbuf_release(&truname);
 508                         goto cleanup;
 509                 }
 510                 strbuf_release(&truname);
 511         }
 512
 513         if (remote_head->util) {
 514                 struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
 515                 desc = merge_remote_util(remote_head);
 516                 if (desc && desc->obj && desc->obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 517                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\t%s '%s'\n",
 518                                     sha1_to_hex(desc->obj->oid.hash),
 519                                     typename(desc->obj->type),
 520                                     remote);
 521                         goto cleanup;
 522                 }
 523         }
 524
 525         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
 526                 sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.oid.hash), remote);
 527 cleanup:
 528         strbuf_release(&buf);
 529         strbuf_release(&bname);
 530 }
 531
 532 static void parse_branch_merge_options(char *bmo)
 533 {
 534         const char **argv;
 535         int argc;
 536
 537         if (!bmo)
 538                 return;
 539         argc = split_cmdline(bmo, &argv);
 540         if (argc < 0)
 541                 die(_("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"), branch,
 542                     split_cmdline_strerror(argc));
 543         REALLOC_ARRAY(argv, argc + 2);
 544         memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
 545         argc++;
 546         argv[0] = "branch.*.mergeoptions";
 547         parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
 548                       builtin_merge_usage, 0);
 549         free(argv);
 550 }
 551
 552 static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 553 {
 554         int status;
 555
 556         if (branch && starts_with(k, "branch.") &&
 557                 starts_with(k + 7, branch) &&
 558                 !strcmp(k + 7 + strlen(branch), ".mergeoptions")) {
 559                 free(branch_mergeoptions);
 560                 branch_mergeoptions = xstrdup(v);
 561                 return 0;
 562         }
 563
 564         if (!strcmp(k, "merge.diffstat") || !strcmp(k, "merge.stat"))
 565                 show_diffstat = git_config_bool(k, v);
 566         else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.twohead"))
 567                 return git_config_string(&pull_twohead, k, v);
 568         else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.octopus"))
 569                 return git_config_string(&pull_octopus, k, v);
 570         else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.renormalize"))
 571                 option_renormalize = git_config_bool(k, v);
 572         else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.ff")) {
 573                 int boolval = git_config_maybe_bool(k, v);
 574                 if (0 <= boolval) {
 575                         fast_forward = boolval ? FF_ALLOW : FF_NO;
 576                 } else if (v && !strcmp(v, "only")) {
 577                         fast_forward = FF_ONLY;
 578                 } /* do not barf on values from future versions of git */
 579                 return 0;
 580         } else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.defaulttoupstream")) {
 581                 default_to_upstream = git_config_bool(k, v);
 582                 return 0;
 583         } else if (!strcmp(k, "commit.gpgsign")) {
 584                 sign_commit = git_config_bool(k, v) ? "" : NULL;
 585                 return 0;
 586         }
 587
 588         status = fmt_merge_msg_config(k, v, cb);
 589         if (status)
 590                 return status;
 591         status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
 592         if (status)
 593                 return status;
 594         return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
 595 }
 596
 597 static int read_tree_trivial(unsigned char *common, unsigned char *head,
 598                              unsigned char *one)
 599 {
 600         int i, nr_trees = 0;
 601         struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 602         struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 603         struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 604
 605         memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 606         opts.head_idx = 2;
 607         opts.src_index = &the_index;
 608         opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 609         opts.update = 1;
 610         opts.verbose_update = 1;
 611         opts.trivial_merges_only = 1;
 612         opts.merge = 1;
 613         trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(common);
 614         if (!trees[nr_trees++])
 615                 return -1;
 616         trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
 617         if (!trees[nr_trees++])
 618                 return -1;
 619         trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(one);
 620         if (!trees[nr_trees++])
 621                 return -1;
 622         opts.fn = threeway_merge;
 623         cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
 624         for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
 625                 parse_tree(trees[i]);
 626                 init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
 627         }
 628         if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
 629                 return -1;
 630         return 0;
 631 }
 632
 633 static void write_tree_trivial(unsigned char *sha1)
 634 {
 635         if (write_cache_as_tree(sha1, 0, NULL))
 636                 die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
 637 }
 638
 639 static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 640                               struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 641                               struct commit *head, const char *head_arg)
 642 {
 643         static struct lock_file lock;
 644
 645         hold_locked_index(&lock, 1);
 646         refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 647         if (active_cache_changed &&
 648             write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 649                 return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 650         rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 651
 652         if (!strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || !strcmp(strategy, "subtree")) {
 653                 int clean, x;
 654                 struct commit *result;
 655                 struct commit_list *reversed = NULL;
 656                 struct merge_options o;
 657                 struct commit_list *j;
 658
 659                 if (remoteheads->next) {
 660                         error(_("Not handling anything other than two heads merge."));
 661                         return 2;
 662                 }
 663
 664                 init_merge_options(&o);
 665                 if (!strcmp(strategy, "subtree"))
 666                         o.subtree_shift = "";
 667
 668                 o.renormalize = option_renormalize;
 669                 o.show_rename_progress =
 670                         show_progress == -1 ? isatty(2) : show_progress;
 671
 672                 for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++)
 673                         if (parse_merge_opt(&o, xopts[x]))
 674                                 die(_("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"), xopts[x]);
 675
 676                 o.branch1 = head_arg;
 677                 o.branch2 = merge_remote_util(remoteheads->item)->name;
 678
 679                 for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
 680                         commit_list_insert(j->item, &reversed);
 681
 682                 hold_locked_index(&lock, 1);
 683                 clean = merge_recursive(&o, head,
 684                                 remoteheads->item, reversed, &result);
 685                 if (active_cache_changed &&
 686                     write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 687                         die (_("unable to write %s"), get_index_file());
 688                 rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 689                 return clean ? 0 : 1;
 690         } else {
 691                 return try_merge_command(strategy, xopts_nr, xopts,
 692                                                 common, head_arg, remoteheads);
 693         }
 694 }
 695
 696 static void count_diff_files(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 697                              struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
 698 {
 699         int *count = data;
 700
 701         (*count) += q->nr;
 702 }
 703
 704 static int count_unmerged_entries(void)
 705 {
 706         int i, ret = 0;
 707
 708         for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++)
 709                 if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]))
 710                         ret++;
 711
 712         return ret;
 713 }
 714
 715 static void split_merge_strategies(const char *string, struct strategy **list,
 716                                    int *nr, int *alloc)
 717 {
 718         char *p, *q, *buf;
 719
 720         if (!string)
 721                 return;
 722
 723         buf = xstrdup(string);
 724         q = buf;
 725         for (;;) {
 726                 p = strchr(q, ' ');
 727                 if (!p) {
 728                         ALLOC_GROW(*list, *nr + 1, *alloc);
 729                         (*list)[(*nr)++].name = xstrdup(q);
 730                         free(buf);
 731                         return;
 732                 } else {
 733                         *p = '\0';
 734                         ALLOC_GROW(*list, *nr + 1, *alloc);
 735                         (*list)[(*nr)++].name = xstrdup(q);
 736                         q = ++p;
 737                 }
 738         }
 739 }
 740
 741 static void add_strategies(const char *string, unsigned attr)
 742 {
 743         struct strategy *list = NULL;
 744         int list_alloc = 0, list_nr = 0, i;
 745
 746         memset(&list, 0, sizeof(list));
 747         split_merge_strategies(string, &list, &list_nr, &list_alloc);
 748         if (list) {
 749                 for (i = 0; i < list_nr; i++)
 750                         append_strategy(get_strategy(list[i].name));
 751                 return;
 752         }
 753         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
 754                 if (all_strategy[i].attr & attr)
 755                         append_strategy(&all_strategy[i]);
 756
 757 }
 758
 759 static void write_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
 760 {
 761         const char *filename = git_path_merge_msg();
 762         int fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 763         if (fd < 0)
 764                 die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 765                           filename);
 766         if (write_in_full(fd, msg->buf, msg->len) != msg->len)
 767                 die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 768         close(fd);
 769 }
 770
 771 static void read_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
 772 {
 773         const char *filename = git_path_merge_msg();
 774         strbuf_reset(msg);
 775         if (strbuf_read_file(msg, filename, 0) < 0)
 776                 die_errno(_("Could not read from '%s'"), filename);
 777 }
 778
 779 static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *);
 780 static void abort_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads, const char *err_msg)
 781 {
 782         if (err_msg)
 783                 error("%s", err_msg);
 784         fprintf(stderr,
 785                 _("Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"));
 786         write_merge_state(remoteheads);
 787         exit(1);
 788 }
 789
 790 static const char merge_editor_comment[] =
 791 N_("Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 792    "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 793    "\n"
 794    "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 795    "the commit.\n");
 796
 797 static void prepare_to_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 798 {
 799         struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 800         strbuf_addbuf(&msg, &merge_msg);
 801         strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
 802         if (0 < option_edit)
 803                 strbuf_commented_addf(&msg, _(merge_editor_comment), comment_line_char);
 804         write_merge_msg(&msg);
 805         if (run_commit_hook(0 < option_edit, get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
 806                             git_path_merge_msg(), "merge", NULL))
 807                 abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 808         if (0 < option_edit) {
 809                 if (launch_editor(git_path_merge_msg(), NULL, NULL))
 810                         abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 811         }
 812         read_merge_msg(&msg);
 813         strbuf_stripspace(&msg, 0 < option_edit);
 814         if (!msg.len)
 815                 abort_commit(remoteheads, _("Empty commit message."));
 816         strbuf_release(&merge_msg);
 817         strbuf_addbuf(&merge_msg, &msg);
 818         strbuf_release(&msg);
 819 }
 820
 821 static int merge_trivial(struct commit *head, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 822 {
 823         unsigned char result_tree[20], result_commit[20];
 824         struct commit_list *parents, **pptr = &parents;
 825         static struct lock_file lock;
 826
 827         hold_locked_index(&lock, 1);
 828         refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 829         if (active_cache_changed &&
 830             write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 831                 return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 832         rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 833
 834         write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
 835         printf(_("Wonderful.\n"));
 836         pptr = commit_list_append(head, pptr);
 837         pptr = commit_list_append(remoteheads->item, pptr);
 838         prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
 839         if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, result_tree, parents,
 840                         result_commit, NULL, sign_commit))
 841                 die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 842         finish(head, remoteheads, result_commit, "In-index merge");
 843         drop_save();
 844         return 0;
 845 }
 846
 847 static int finish_automerge(struct commit *head,
 848                             int head_subsumed,
 849                             struct commit_list *common,
 850                             struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 851                             unsigned char *result_tree,
 852                             const char *wt_strategy)
 853 {
 854         struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 855         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 856         unsigned char result_commit[20];
 857
 858         free_commit_list(common);
 859         parents = remoteheads;
 860         if (!head_subsumed || fast_forward == FF_NO)
 861                 commit_list_insert(head, &parents);
 862         strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 863         prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
 864         if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, result_tree, parents,
 865                         result_commit, NULL, sign_commit))
 866                 die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 867         strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by the '%s' strategy.", wt_strategy);
 868         finish(head, remoteheads, result_commit, buf.buf);
 869         strbuf_release(&buf);
 870         drop_save();
 871         return 0;
 872 }
 873
 874 static int suggest_conflicts(void)
 875 {
 876         const char *filename;
 877         FILE *fp;
 878         struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 879
 880         filename = git_path_merge_msg();
 881         fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 882         if (!fp)
 883                 die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 884
 885         append_conflicts_hint(&msgbuf);
 886         fputs(msgbuf.buf, fp);
 887         strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 888         fclose(fp);
 889         rerere(allow_rerere_auto);
 890         printf(_("Automatic merge failed; "
 891                         "fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"));
 892         return 1;
 893 }
 894
 895 static struct commit *is_old_style_invocation(int argc, const char **argv,
 896                                               const unsigned char *head)
 897 {
 898         struct commit *second_token = NULL;
 899         if (argc > 2) {
 900                 unsigned char second_sha1[20];
 901
 902                 if (get_sha1(argv[1], second_sha1))
 903                         return NULL;
 904                 second_token = lookup_commit_reference_gently(second_sha1, 0);
 905                 if (!second_token)
 906                         die(_("'%s' is not a commit"), argv[1]);
 907                 if (hashcmp(second_token->object.oid.hash, head))
 908                         return NULL;
 909         }
 910         return second_token;
 911 }
 912
 913 static int evaluate_result(void)
 914 {
 915         int cnt = 0;
 916         struct rev_info rev;
 917
 918         /* Check how many files differ. */
 919         init_revisions(&rev, "");
 920         setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 921         rev.diffopt.output_format |=
 922                 DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 923         rev.diffopt.format_callback = count_diff_files;
 924         rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &cnt;
 925         run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
 926
 927         /*
 928          * Check how many unmerged entries are
 929          * there.
 930          */
 931         cnt += count_unmerged_entries();
 932
 933         return cnt;
 934 }
 935
 936 /*
 937  * Pretend as if the user told us to merge with the remote-tracking
 938  * branch we have for the upstream of the current branch
 939  */
 940 static int setup_with_upstream(const char ***argv)
 941 {
 942         struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
 943         int i;
 944         const char **args;
 945
 946         if (!branch)
 947                 die(_("No current branch."));
 948         if (!branch->remote_name)
 949                 die(_("No remote for the current branch."));
 950         if (!branch->merge_nr)
 951                 die(_("No default upstream defined for the current branch."));
 952
 953         args = xcalloc(st_add(branch->merge_nr, 1), sizeof(char *));
 954         for (i = 0; i < branch->merge_nr; i++) {
 955                 if (!branch->merge[i]->dst)
 956                         die(_("No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"),
 957                             branch->merge[i]->src, branch->remote_name);
 958                 args[i] = branch->merge[i]->dst;
 959         }
 960         args[i] = NULL;
 961         *argv = args;
 962         return i;
 963 }
 964
 965 static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 966 {
 967         const char *filename;
 968         int fd;
 969         struct commit_list *j;
 970         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 971
 972         for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
 973                 struct object_id *oid;
 974                 struct commit *c = j->item;
 975                 if (c->util && merge_remote_util(c)->obj) {
 976                         oid = &merge_remote_util(c)->obj->oid;
 977                 } else {
 978                         oid = &c->object.oid;
 979                 }
 980                 strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 981         }
 982         filename = git_path_merge_head();
 983         fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 984         if (fd < 0)
 985                 die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 986         if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
 987                 die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 988         close(fd);
 989         strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 990         write_merge_msg(&merge_msg);
 991
 992         filename = git_path_merge_mode();
 993         fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 994         if (fd < 0)
 995                 die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 996         strbuf_reset(&buf);
 997         if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
 998                 strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
 999         if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
1000                 die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
1001         close(fd);
1002 }
1003
1004 static int default_edit_option(void)
1005 {
1006         static const char name[] = "GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT";
1007         const char *e = getenv(name);
1008         struct stat st_stdin, st_stdout;
1009
1010         if (have_message)
1011                 /* an explicit -m msg without --[no-]edit */
1012                 return 0;
1013
1014         if (e) {
1015                 int v = git_config_maybe_bool(name, e);
1016                 if (v < 0)
1017                         die("Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'", e, name);
1018                 return v;
1019         }
1020
1021         /* Use editor if stdin and stdout are the same and is a tty */
1022         return (!fstat(0, &st_stdin) &&
1023                 !fstat(1, &st_stdout) &&
1024                 isatty(0) && isatty(1) &&
1025                 st_stdin.st_dev == st_stdout.st_dev &&
1026                 st_stdin.st_ino == st_stdout.st_ino &&
1027                 st_stdin.st_mode == st_stdout.st_mode);
1028 }
1029
1030 static struct commit_list *reduce_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
1031                                           int *head_subsumed,
1032                                           struct commit_list *remoteheads)
1033 {
1034         struct commit_list *parents, **remotes;
1035
1036         /*
1037          * Is the current HEAD reachable from another commit being
1038          * merged?  If so we do not want to record it as a parent of
1039          * the resulting merge, unless --no-ff is given.  We will flip
1040          * this variable to 0 when we find HEAD among the independent
1041          * tips being merged.
1042          */
1043         *head_subsumed = 1;
1044
1045         /* Find what parents to record by checking independent ones. */
1046         parents = reduce_heads(remoteheads);
1047
1048         remoteheads = NULL;
1049         remotes = &remoteheads;
1050         while (parents) {
1051                 struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&parents);
1052                 if (commit == head_commit)
1053                         *head_subsumed = 0;
1054                 else
1055                         remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
1056         }
1057         return remoteheads;
1058 }
1059
1060 static void prepare_merge_message(struct strbuf *merge_names, struct strbuf *merge_msg)
1061 {
1062         struct fmt_merge_msg_opts opts;
1063
1064         memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
1065         opts.add_title = !have_message;
1066         opts.shortlog_len = shortlog_len;
1067         opts.credit_people = (0 < option_edit);
1068
1069         fmt_merge_msg(merge_names, merge_msg, &opts);
1070         if (merge_msg->len)
1071                 strbuf_setlen(merge_msg, merge_msg->len - 1);
1072 }
1073
1074 static void handle_fetch_head(struct commit_list **remotes, struct strbuf *merge_names)
1075 {
1076         const char *filename;
1077         int fd, pos, npos;
1078         struct strbuf fetch_head_file = STRBUF_INIT;
1079
1080         if (!merge_names)
1081                 merge_names = &fetch_head_file;
1082
1083         filename = git_path_fetch_head();
1084         fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
1085         if (fd < 0)
1086                 die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), filename);
1087
1088         if (strbuf_read(merge_names, fd, 0) < 0)
1089                 die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), filename);
1090         if (close(fd) < 0)
1091                 die_errno(_("could not close '%s'"), filename);
1092
1093         for (pos = 0; pos < merge_names->len; pos = npos) {
1094                 unsigned char sha1[20];
1095                 char *ptr;
1096                 struct commit *commit;
1097
1098                 ptr = strchr(merge_names->buf + pos, '\n');
1099                 if (ptr)
1100                         npos = ptr - merge_names->buf + 1;
1101                 else
1102                         npos = merge_names->len;
1103
1104                 if (npos - pos < 40 + 2 ||
1105                     get_sha1_hex(merge_names->buf + pos, sha1))
1106                         commit = NULL; /* bad */
1107                 else if (memcmp(merge_names->buf + pos + 40, "\t\t", 2))
1108                         continue; /* not-for-merge */
1109                 else {
1110                         char saved = merge_names->buf[pos + 40];
1111                         merge_names->buf[pos + 40] = '\0';
1112                         commit = get_merge_parent(merge_names->buf + pos);
1113                         merge_names->buf[pos + 40] = saved;
1114                 }
1115                 if (!commit) {
1116                         if (ptr)
1117                                 *ptr = '\0';
1118                         die("not something we can merge in %s: %s",
1119                             filename, merge_names->buf + pos);
1120                 }
1121                 remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
1122         }
1123
1124         if (merge_names == &fetch_head_file)
1125                 strbuf_release(&fetch_head_file);
1126 }
1127
1128 static struct commit_list *collect_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
1129                                            int *head_subsumed,
1130                                            int argc, const char **argv,
1131                                            struct strbuf *merge_msg)
1132 {
1133         int i;
1134         struct commit_list *remoteheads = NULL;
1135         struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
1136         struct strbuf merge_names = STRBUF_INIT, *autogen = NULL;
1137
1138         if (merge_msg && (!have_message || shortlog_len))
1139                 autogen = &merge_names;
1140
1141         if (head_commit)
1142                 remotes = &commit_list_insert(head_commit, remotes)->next;
1143
1144         if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "FETCH_HEAD")) {
1145                 handle_fetch_head(remotes, autogen);
1146                 remoteheads = reduce_parents(head_commit, head_subsumed, remoteheads);
1147         } else {
1148                 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1149                         struct commit *commit = get_merge_parent(argv[i]);
1150                         if (!commit)
1151                                 help_unknown_ref(argv[i], "merge",
1152                                                  "not something we can merge");
1153                         remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
1154                 }
1155                 remoteheads = reduce_parents(head_commit, head_subsumed, remoteheads);
1156                 if (autogen) {
1157                         struct commit_list *p;
1158                         for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
1159                                 merge_name(merge_remote_util(p->item)->name, autogen);
1160                 }
1161         }
1162
1163         if (autogen) {
1164                 prepare_merge_message(autogen, merge_msg);
1165                 strbuf_release(autogen);
1166         }
1167
1168         return remoteheads;
1169 }
1170
1171 int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
1172 {
1173         unsigned char result_tree[20];
1174         unsigned char stash[20];
1175         unsigned char head_sha1[20];
1176         struct commit *head_commit;
1177         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1178         const char *head_arg;
1179         int i, ret = 0, head_subsumed;
1180         int best_cnt = -1, merge_was_ok = 0, automerge_was_ok = 0;
1181         struct commit_list *common = NULL;
1182         const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
1183         struct commit_list *remoteheads, *p;
1184         void *branch_to_free;
1185
1186         if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
1187                 usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
1188
1189         /*
1190          * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
1191          * current branch.
1192          */
1193         branch = branch_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, head_sha1, NULL);
1194         if (branch && starts_with(branch, "refs/heads/"))
1195                 branch += 11;
1196         if (!branch || is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
1197                 head_commit = NULL;
1198         else
1199                 head_commit = lookup_commit_or_die(head_sha1, "HEAD");
1200
1201         init_diff_ui_defaults();
1202         git_config(git_merge_config, NULL);
1203
1204         if (branch_mergeoptions)
1205                 parse_branch_merge_options(branch_mergeoptions);
1206         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
1207                         builtin_merge_usage, 0);
1208         if (shortlog_len < 0)
1209                 shortlog_len = (merge_log_config > 0) ? merge_log_config : 0;
1210
1211         if (verbosity < 0 && show_progress == -1)
1212                 show_progress = 0;
1213
1214         if (abort_current_merge) {
1215                 int nargc = 2;
1216                 const char *nargv[] = {"reset", "--merge", NULL};
1217
1218                 if (!file_exists(git_path_merge_head()))
1219                         die(_("There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
1220
1221                 /* Invoke 'git reset --merge' */
1222                 ret = cmd_reset(nargc, nargv, prefix);
1223                 goto done;
1224         }
1225
1226         if (read_cache_unmerged())
1227                 die_resolve_conflict("merge");
1228
1229         if (file_exists(git_path_merge_head())) {
1230                 /*
1231                  * There is no unmerged entry, don't advise 'git
1232                  * add/rm <file>', just 'git commit'.
1233                  */
1234                 if (advice_resolve_conflict)
1235                         die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
1236                                   "Please, commit your changes before you merge."));
1237                 else
1238                         die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."));
1239         }
1240         if (file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head())) {
1241                 if (advice_resolve_conflict)
1242                         die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
1243                             "Please, commit your changes before you merge."));
1244                 else
1245                         die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."));
1246         }
1247         resolve_undo_clear();
1248
1249         if (verbosity < 0)
1250                 show_diffstat = 0;
1251
1252         if (squash) {
1253                 if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
1254                         die(_("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."));
1255                 option_commit = 0;
1256         }
1257
1258         if (!argc) {
1259                 if (default_to_upstream)
1260                         argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
1261                 else
1262                         die(_("No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."));
1263         } else if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "-")) {
1264                 argv[0] = "@{-1}";
1265         }
1266
1267         if (!argc)
1268                 usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
1269                         builtin_merge_options);
1270
1271         if (!head_commit) {
1272                 /*
1273                  * If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason
1274                  * to forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.
1275                  * We do the same for "git pull".
1276                  */
1277                 unsigned char *remote_head_sha1;
1278                 if (squash)
1279                         die(_("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"));
1280                 if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
1281                         die(_("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
1282                             "an empty head"));
1283                 remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
1284                                               argc, argv, NULL);
1285                 if (!remoteheads)
1286                         die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[0]);
1287                 if (remoteheads->next)
1288                         die(_("Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"));
1289                 remote_head_sha1 = remoteheads->item->object.oid.hash;
1290                 read_empty(remote_head_sha1, 0);
1291                 update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head_sha1,
1292                            NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
1293                 goto done;
1294         }
1295
1296         /*
1297          * This could be traditional "merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."  and
1298          * the way we can tell it is to see if the second token is HEAD,
1299          * but some people might have misused the interface and used a
1300          * commit-ish that is the same as HEAD there instead.
1301          * Traditional format never would have "-m" so it is an
1302          * additional safety measure to check for it.
1303          */
1304         if (!have_message &&
1305             is_old_style_invocation(argc, argv, head_commit->object.oid.hash)) {
1306                 warning("old-style 'git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>' is deprecated.");
1307                 strbuf_addstr(&merge_msg, argv[0]);
1308                 head_arg = argv[1];
1309                 argv += 2;
1310                 argc -= 2;
1311                 remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
1312                                               argc, argv, NULL);
1313         } else {
1314                 /* We are invoked directly as the first-class UI. */
1315                 head_arg = "HEAD";
1316
1317                 /*
1318                  * All the rest are the commits being merged; prepare
1319                  * the standard merge summary message to be appended
1320                  * to the given message.
1321                  */
1322                 remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
1323                                               argc, argv, &merge_msg);
1324         }
1325
1326         if (!head_commit || !argc)
1327                 usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
1328                         builtin_merge_options);
1329
1330         if (verify_signatures) {
1331                 for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
1332                         struct commit *commit = p->item;
1333                         char hex[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1];
1334                         struct signature_check signature_check;
1335                         memset(&signature_check, 0, sizeof(signature_check));
1336
1337                         check_commit_signature(commit, &signature_check);
1338
1339                         find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, commit->object.oid.hash, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
1340                         switch (signature_check.result) {
1341                         case 'G':
1342                                 break;
1343                         case 'U':
1344                                 die(_("Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, "
1345                                       "allegedly by %s."), hex, signature_check.signer);
1346                         case 'B':
1347                                 die(_("Commit %s has a bad GPG signature "
1348                                       "allegedly by %s."), hex, signature_check.signer);
1349                         default: /* 'N' */
1350                                 die(_("Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."), hex);
1351                         }
1352                         if (verbosity >= 0 && signature_check.result == 'G')
1353                                 printf(_("Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"),
1354                                        hex, signature_check.signer);
1355
1356                         signature_check_clear(&signature_check);
1357                 }
1358         }
1359
1360         strbuf_addstr(&buf, "merge");
1361         for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
1362                 strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", merge_remote_util(p->item)->name);
1363         setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", buf.buf, 0);
1364         strbuf_reset(&buf);
1365
1366         for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
1367                 struct commit *commit = p->item;
1368                 strbuf_addf(&buf, "GITHEAD_%s",
1369                             sha1_to_hex(commit->object.oid.hash));
1370                 setenv(buf.buf, merge_remote_util(commit)->name, 1);
1371                 strbuf_reset(&buf);
1372                 if (fast_forward != FF_ONLY &&
1373                     merge_remote_util(commit) &&
1374                     merge_remote_util(commit)->obj &&
1375                     merge_remote_util(commit)->obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
1376                         fast_forward = FF_NO;
1377         }
1378
1379         if (option_edit < 0)
1380                 option_edit = default_edit_option();
1381
1382         if (!use_strategies) {
1383                 if (!remoteheads)
1384                         ; /* already up-to-date */
1385                 else if (!remoteheads->next)
1386                         add_strategies(pull_twohead, DEFAULT_TWOHEAD);
1387                 else
1388                         add_strategies(pull_octopus, DEFAULT_OCTOPUS);
1389         }
1390
1391         for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
1392                 if (use_strategies[i]->attr & NO_FAST_FORWARD)
1393                         fast_forward = FF_NO;
1394                 if (use_strategies[i]->attr & NO_TRIVIAL)
1395                         allow_trivial = 0;
1396         }
1397
1398         if (!remoteheads)
1399                 ; /* already up-to-date */
1400         else if (!remoteheads->next)
1401                 common = get_merge_bases(head_commit, remoteheads->item);
1402         else {
1403                 struct commit_list *list = remoteheads;
1404                 commit_list_insert(head_commit, &list);
1405                 common = get_octopus_merge_bases(list);
1406                 free(list);
1407         }
1408
1409         update_ref("updating ORIG_HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD", head_commit->object.oid.hash,
1410                    NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
1411
1412         if (remoteheads && !common) {
1413                 /* No common ancestors found. */
1414                 if (!allow_unrelated_histories)
1415                         die(_("refusing to merge unrelated histories"));
1416                 /* otherwise, we need a real merge. */
1417         } else if (!remoteheads ||
1418                  (!remoteheads->next && !common->next &&
1419                   common->item == remoteheads->item)) {
1420                 /*
1421                  * If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
1422                  * but first the most common case of merging one remote.
1423                  */
1424                 finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date.");
1425                 goto done;
1426         } else if (fast_forward != FF_NO && !remoteheads->next &&
1427                         !common->next &&
1428                         !hashcmp(common->item->object.oid.hash, head_commit->object.oid.hash)) {
1429                 /* Again the most common case of merging one remote. */
1430                 struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
1431                 struct commit *commit;
1432
1433                 if (verbosity >= 0) {
1434                         char from[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1], to[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1];
1435                         find_unique_abbrev_r(from, head_commit->object.oid.hash,
1436                                               DEFAULT_ABBREV);
1437                         find_unique_abbrev_r(to, remoteheads->item->object.oid.hash,
1438                                               DEFAULT_ABBREV);
1439                         printf(_("Updating %s..%s\n"), from, to);
1440                 }
1441                 strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast-forward");
1442                 if (have_message)
1443                         strbuf_addstr(&msg,
1444                                 " (no commit created; -m option ignored)");
1445                 commit = remoteheads->item;
1446                 if (!commit) {
1447                         ret = 1;
1448                         goto done;
1449                 }
1450
1451                 if (checkout_fast_forward(head_commit->object.oid.hash,
1452                                           commit->object.oid.hash,
1453                                           overwrite_ignore)) {
1454                         ret = 1;
1455                         goto done;
1456                 }
1457
1458                 finish(head_commit, remoteheads, commit->object.oid.hash, msg.buf);
1459                 drop_save();
1460                 goto done;
1461         } else if (!remoteheads->next && common->next)
1462                 ;
1463                 /*
1464                  * We are not doing octopus and not fast-forward.  Need
1465                  * a real merge.
1466                  */
1467         else if (!remoteheads->next && !common->next && option_commit) {
1468                 /*
1469                  * We are not doing octopus, not fast-forward, and have
1470                  * only one common.
1471                  */
1472                 refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
1473                 if (allow_trivial && fast_forward != FF_ONLY) {
1474                         /* See if it is really trivial. */
1475                         git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
1476                         printf(_("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"));
1477                         if (!read_tree_trivial(common->item->object.oid.hash,
1478                                                head_commit->object.oid.hash,
1479                                                remoteheads->item->object.oid.hash)) {
1480                                 ret = merge_trivial(head_commit, remoteheads);
1481                                 goto done;
1482                         }
1483                         printf(_("Nope.\n"));
1484                 }
1485         } else {
1486                 /*
1487                  * An octopus.  If we can reach all the remote we are up
1488                  * to date.
1489                  */
1490                 int up_to_date = 1;
1491                 struct commit_list *j;
1492
1493                 for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
1494                         struct commit_list *common_one;
1495
1496                         /*
1497                          * Here we *have* to calculate the individual
1498                          * merge_bases again, otherwise "git merge HEAD^
1499                          * HEAD^^" would be missed.
1500                          */
1501                         common_one = get_merge_bases(head_commit, j->item);
1502                         if (hashcmp(common_one->item->object.oid.hash,
1503                                 j->item->object.oid.hash)) {
1504                                 up_to_date = 0;
1505                                 break;
1506                         }
1507                 }
1508                 if (up_to_date) {
1509                         finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date. Yeeah!");
1510                         goto done;
1511                 }
1512         }
1513
1514         if (fast_forward == FF_ONLY)
1515                 die(_("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."));
1516
1517         /* We are going to make a new commit. */
1518         git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
1519
1520         /*
1521          * At this point, we need a real merge.  No matter what strategy
1522          * we use, it would operate on the index, possibly affecting the
1523          * working tree, and when resolved cleanly, have the desired
1524          * tree in the index -- this means that the index must be in
1525          * sync with the head commit.  The strategies are responsible
1526          * to ensure this.
1527          */
1528         if (use_strategies_nr == 1 ||
1529             /*
1530              * Stash away the local changes so that we can try more than one.
1531              */
1532             save_state(stash))
1533                 hashcpy(stash, null_sha1);
1534
1535         for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
1536                 int ret;
1537                 if (i) {
1538                         printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
1539                         restore_state(head_commit->object.oid.hash, stash);
1540                 }
1541                 if (use_strategies_nr != 1)
1542                         printf(_("Trying merge strategy %s...\n"),
1543                                 use_strategies[i]->name);
1544                 /*
1545                  * Remember which strategy left the state in the working
1546                  * tree.
1547                  */
1548                 wt_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
1549
1550                 ret = try_merge_strategy(use_strategies[i]->name,
1551                                          common, remoteheads,
1552                                          head_commit, head_arg);
1553                 if (!option_commit && !ret) {
1554                         merge_was_ok = 1;
1555                         /*
1556                          * This is necessary here just to avoid writing
1557                          * the tree, but later we will *not* exit with
1558                          * status code 1 because merge_was_ok is set.
1559                          */
1560                         ret = 1;
1561                 }
1562
1563                 if (ret) {
1564                         /*
1565                          * The backend exits with 1 when conflicts are
1566                          * left to be resolved, with 2 when it does not
1567                          * handle the given merge at all.
1568                          */
1569                         if (ret == 1) {
1570                                 int cnt = evaluate_result();
1571
1572                                 if (best_cnt <= 0 || cnt <= best_cnt) {
1573                                         best_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
1574                                         best_cnt = cnt;
1575                                 }
1576                         }
1577                         if (merge_was_ok)
1578                                 break;
1579                         else
1580                                 continue;
1581                 }
1582
1583                 /* Automerge succeeded. */
1584                 write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
1585                 automerge_was_ok = 1;
1586                 break;
1587         }
1588
1589         /*
1590          * If we have a resulting tree, that means the strategy module
1591          * auto resolved the merge cleanly.
1592          */
1593         if (automerge_was_ok) {
1594                 ret = finish_automerge(head_commit, head_subsumed,
1595                                        common, remoteheads,
1596                                        result_tree, wt_strategy);
1597                 goto done;
1598         }
1599
1600         /*
1601          * Pick the result from the best strategy and have the user fix
1602          * it up.
1603          */
1604         if (!best_strategy) {
1605                 restore_state(head_commit->object.oid.hash, stash);
1606                 if (use_strategies_nr > 1)
1607                         fprintf(stderr,
1608                                 _("No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"));
1609                 else
1610                         fprintf(stderr, _("Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"),
1611                                 use_strategies[0]->name);
1612                 ret = 2;
1613                 goto done;
1614         } else if (best_strategy == wt_strategy)
1615                 ; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
1616         else {
1617                 printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
1618                 restore_state(head_commit->object.oid.hash, stash);
1619                 printf(_("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"),
1620                         best_strategy);
1621                 try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, remoteheads,
1622                                    head_commit, head_arg);
1623         }
1624
1625         if (squash)
1626                 finish(head_commit, remoteheads, NULL, NULL);
1627         else
1628                 write_merge_state(remoteheads);
1629
1630         if (merge_was_ok)
1631                 fprintf(stderr, _("Automatic merge went well; "
1632                         "stopped before committing as requested\n"));
1633         else
1634                 ret = suggest_conflicts();
1635
1636 done:
1637         free(branch_to_free);
1638         return ret;
1639 }