2 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
4 static uint32_t take2(const unsigned char *sha1)
6 return ((sha1[0] << 8) | sha1[1]);
10 * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
13 * int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
14 * int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
16 * return (mi is the wanted one)
18 * hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
20 * lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
25 * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
26 * above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
27 * slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
30 * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
31 * as lo, but never can be the same as hi), and check if it hits
32 * the target. There are three cases:
34 * - if it is a hit, we are happy.
36 * - if it is strictly higher than the target, we update hi with
39 * - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to be
40 * one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
42 * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
43 * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
44 * satisfied. When we somehow know that the distance between the
45 * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
46 * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
49 * The table should contain "nr" elements.
50 * The sha1 of element i (between 0 and nr - 1) should be returned
53 int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1, void *table, size_t nr,
64 size_t lov, hiv, miv, ofs;
66 for (ofs = 0; ofs < 18; ofs += 2) {
67 lov = take2(fn(0, table) + ofs);
68 hiv = take2(fn(nr - 1, table) + ofs);
69 miv = take2(sha1 + ofs);
76 * At this point miv could be equal
77 * to hiv (but sha1 could still be higher);
78 * the invariant of (mi < hi) should be
81 mi = (nr - 1) * (miv - lov) / (hiv - lov);
82 if (lo <= mi && mi < hi)
84 die("BUG: assertion failed in binary search");
88 die("cannot happen -- lo and hi are identical");
93 cmp = hashcmp(fn(mi, table), sha1);
106 * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
110 * unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
111 * int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
113 * return (mi is the wanted one)
115 * hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
117 * lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
120 * The invariants are:
122 * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
123 * above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
124 * slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
127 * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
128 * as lo, but never can be as same as hi), and check if it hits
129 * the target. There are three cases:
131 * - if it is a hit, we are happy.
133 * - if it is strictly higher than the target, we set it to hi,
134 * and repeat the search.
136 * - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to
137 * one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
139 * If the loop exits, there is no matching entry.
141 * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
142 * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
143 * satisfied. When we somehow know that the distance between the
144 * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
145 * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
147 * Now, we can take advantage of the fact that SHA-1 is a good hash
148 * function, and as long as there are enough entries in the table, we
149 * can expect uniform distribution. An entry that begins with for
150 * example "deadbeef..." is much likely to appear much later than in
151 * the midway of the table. It can reasonably be expected to be near
152 * 87% (222/256) from the top of the table.
154 * However, we do not want to pick "mi" too precisely. If the entry at
155 * the 87% in the above example turns out to be higher than the target
156 * we are looking for, we would end up narrowing the search space down
157 * only by 13%, instead of 50% we would get if we did a simple binary
158 * search. So we would want to hedge our bets by being less aggressive.
160 * The table at "table" holds at least "nr" entries of "elem_size"
161 * bytes each. Each entry has the SHA-1 key at "key_offset". The
162 * table is sorted by the SHA-1 key of the entries. The caller wants
163 * to find the entry with "key", and knows that the entry at "lo" is
164 * not higher than the entry it is looking for, and that the entry at
165 * "hi" is higher than the entry it is looking for.
167 int sha1_entry_pos(const void *table,
170 unsigned lo, unsigned hi, unsigned nr,
171 const unsigned char *key)
173 const unsigned char *base = table;
174 const unsigned char *hi_key, *lo_key;
176 static int debug_lookup = -1;
178 if (debug_lookup < 0)
179 debug_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_DEBUG_LOOKUP");
187 hi_key = base + elem_size * hi + key_offset;
188 lo_key = base + elem_size * lo + key_offset;
193 unsigned ofs, mi, range;
194 unsigned lov, hiv, kyv;
195 const unsigned char *mi_key;
199 for (ofs = ofs_0; ofs < 20; ofs++)
200 if (lo_key[ofs] != hi_key[ofs])
204 * byte 0 thru (ofs-1) are the same between
205 * lo and hi; ofs is the first byte that is
210 hiv = (hiv << 8) | hi_key[ofs_0+1];
219 lov = (lov << 8) | lo_key[ofs_0+1];
220 kyv = (kyv << 8) | key[ofs_0+1];
230 * Even if we know the target is much closer to 'hi'
231 * than 'lo', if we pick too precisely and overshoot
232 * (e.g. when we know 'mi' is closer to 'hi' than to
233 * 'lo', pick 'mi' that is higher than the target), we
234 * end up narrowing the search space by a smaller
235 * amount (i.e. the distance between 'mi' and 'hi')
236 * than what we would have (i.e. about half of 'lo'
237 * and 'hi'). Hedge our bets to pick 'mi' less
238 * aggressively, i.e. make 'mi' a bit closer to the
239 * middle than we would otherwise pick.
241 kyv = (kyv * 6 + lov + hiv) / 8;
248 mi = (range - 1) * (kyv - lov) / (hiv - lov) + lo;
251 printf("lo %u hi %u rg %u mi %u ", lo, hi, range, mi);
252 printf("ofs %u lov %x, hiv %x, kyv %x\n",
253 ofs_0, lov, hiv, kyv);
255 if (!(lo <= mi && mi < hi))
256 die("assertion failure lo %u mi %u hi %u %s",
257 lo, mi, hi, sha1_to_hex(key));
259 mi_key = base + elem_size * mi + key_offset;
260 cmp = memcmp(mi_key + ofs_0, key + ofs_0, 20 - ofs_0);
268 lo_key = mi_key + elem_size;