system_path(): always return free'able memory to the caller
[git] / builtin / init-db.c
1 /*
2  * GIT - The information manager from hell
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
5  */
6 #include "cache.h"
7 #include "builtin.h"
8 #include "exec_cmd.h"
9 #include "parse-options.h"
10
11 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
12 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
13 #endif
14
15 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
16 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
17 #else
18 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
19 #endif
20
21 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
22 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
23 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
24 static const char *git_link;
25
26 static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
27 {
28         if (mkdir(dir, 0777) < 0) {
29                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
30                         perror(dir);
31                         exit(1);
32                 }
33         }
34         else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
35                 die(_("Could not make %s writable by group"), dir);
36 }
37
38 static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
39                              char *template, int template_baselen,
40                              DIR *dir)
41 {
42         struct dirent *de;
43
44         /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
45          * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
46          * cause "git init" to fail here.  I think this is sane but
47          * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
48          * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
49          * be really carefully chosen.
50          */
51         safe_create_dir(path, 1);
52         while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
53                 struct stat st_git, st_template;
54                 int namelen;
55                 int exists = 0;
56
57                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
58                         continue;
59                 namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
60                 if ((PATH_MAX <= baselen + namelen) ||
61                     (PATH_MAX <= template_baselen + namelen))
62                         die(_("insanely long template name %s"), de->d_name);
63                 memcpy(path + baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
64                 memcpy(template + template_baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
65                 if (lstat(path, &st_git)) {
66                         if (errno != ENOENT)
67                                 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path);
68                 }
69                 else
70                         exists = 1;
71
72                 if (lstat(template, &st_template))
73                         die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template);
74
75                 if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
76                         DIR *subdir = opendir(template);
77                         int baselen_sub = baselen + namelen;
78                         int template_baselen_sub = template_baselen + namelen;
79                         if (!subdir)
80                                 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template);
81                         path[baselen_sub++] =
82                                 template[template_baselen_sub++] = '/';
83                         path[baselen_sub] =
84                                 template[template_baselen_sub] = 0;
85                         copy_templates_1(path, baselen_sub,
86                                          template, template_baselen_sub,
87                                          subdir);
88                         closedir(subdir);
89                 }
90                 else if (exists)
91                         continue;
92                 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template.st_mode)) {
93                         char lnk[256];
94                         int len;
95                         len = readlink(template, lnk, sizeof(lnk));
96                         if (len < 0)
97                                 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template);
98                         if (sizeof(lnk) <= len)
99                                 die(_("insanely long symlink %s"), template);
100                         lnk[len] = 0;
101                         if (symlink(lnk, path))
102                                 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"), lnk, path);
103                 }
104                 else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
105                         if (copy_file(path, template, st_template.st_mode))
106                                 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"), template,
107                                           path);
108                 }
109                 else
110                         error(_("ignoring template %s"), template);
111         }
112 }
113
114 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
115 {
116         char path[PATH_MAX];
117         char template_path[PATH_MAX];
118         int template_len;
119         DIR *dir;
120         const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
121         int len = strlen(git_dir);
122         char *to_free = NULL;
123
124         if (!template_dir)
125                 template_dir = getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
126         if (!template_dir)
127                 template_dir = init_db_template_dir;
128         if (!template_dir)
129                 template_dir = to_free = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
130         if (!template_dir[0]) {
131                 free(to_free);
132                 return;
133         }
134         template_len = strlen(template_dir);
135         if (PATH_MAX <= (template_len+strlen("/config")))
136                 die(_("insanely long template path %s"), template_dir);
137         strcpy(template_path, template_dir);
138         if (template_path[template_len-1] != '/') {
139                 template_path[template_len++] = '/';
140                 template_path[template_len] = 0;
141         }
142         dir = opendir(template_path);
143         if (!dir) {
144                 warning(_("templates not found %s"), template_dir);
145                 goto free_return;
146         }
147
148         /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
149         strcpy(template_path + template_len, "config");
150         repository_format_version = 0;
151         git_config_from_file(check_repository_format_version,
152                              template_path, NULL);
153         template_path[template_len] = 0;
154
155         if (repository_format_version &&
156             repository_format_version != GIT_REPO_VERSION) {
157                 warning(_("not copying templates of "
158                         "a wrong format version %d from '%s'"),
159                         repository_format_version,
160                         template_dir);
161                 goto close_free_return;
162         }
163
164         memcpy(path, git_dir, len);
165         if (len && path[len - 1] != '/')
166                 path[len++] = '/';
167         path[len] = 0;
168         copy_templates_1(path, len,
169                          template_path, template_len,
170                          dir);
171 close_free_return:
172         closedir(dir);
173 free_return:
174         free(to_free);
175 }
176
177 static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
178 {
179         if (!strcmp(k, "init.templatedir"))
180                 return git_config_pathname(&init_db_template_dir, k, v);
181
182         return 0;
183 }
184
185 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
186 {
187         const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
188         unsigned len = strlen(git_dir);
189         static char path[PATH_MAX];
190         struct stat st1;
191         char repo_version_string[10];
192         char junk[2];
193         int reinit;
194         int filemode;
195
196         if (len > sizeof(path)-50)
197                 die(_("insane git directory %s"), git_dir);
198         memcpy(path, git_dir, len);
199
200         if (len && path[len-1] != '/')
201                 path[len++] = '/';
202
203         /*
204          * Create .git/refs/{heads,tags}
205          */
206         safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
207         safe_create_dir(git_path("refs/heads"), 1);
208         safe_create_dir(git_path("refs/tags"), 1);
209
210         /* Just look for `init.templatedir` */
211         git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
212
213         /* First copy the templates -- we might have the default
214          * config file there, in which case we would want to read
215          * from it after installing.
216          */
217         copy_templates(template_path);
218
219         git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
220         is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
221
222         /* reading existing config may have overwrote it */
223         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
224                 shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
225
226         /*
227          * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
228          * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
229          */
230         if (shared_repository) {
231                 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
232                 adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
233                 adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs/heads"));
234                 adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs/tags"));
235         }
236
237         /*
238          * Create the default symlink from ".git/HEAD" to the "master"
239          * branch, if it does not exist yet.
240          */
241         strcpy(path + len, "HEAD");
242         reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
243                   || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
244         if (!reinit) {
245                 if (create_symref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master", NULL) < 0)
246                         exit(1);
247         }
248
249         /* This forces creation of new config file */
250         sprintf(repo_version_string, "%d", GIT_REPO_VERSION);
251         git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string);
252
253         path[len] = 0;
254         strcpy(path + len, "config");
255
256         /* Check filemode trustability */
257         filemode = TEST_FILEMODE;
258         if (TEST_FILEMODE && !lstat(path, &st1)) {
259                 struct stat st2;
260                 filemode = (!chmod(path, st1.st_mode ^ S_IXUSR) &&
261                                 !lstat(path, &st2) &&
262                                 st1.st_mode != st2.st_mode);
263         }
264         git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode ? "true" : "false");
265
266         if (is_bare_repository())
267                 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
268         else {
269                 const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
270                 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
271                 /* allow template config file to override the default */
272                 if (log_all_ref_updates == -1)
273                     git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
274                 if (!starts_with(git_dir, work_tree) ||
275                     strcmp(git_dir + strlen(work_tree), "/.git")) {
276                         git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
277                 }
278         }
279
280         if (!reinit) {
281                 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
282                 path[len] = 0;
283                 strcpy(path + len, "tXXXXXX");
284                 if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
285                     !unlink(path) &&
286                     !symlink("testing", path) &&
287                     !lstat(path, &st1) &&
288                     S_ISLNK(st1.st_mode))
289                         unlink(path); /* good */
290                 else
291                         git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
292
293                 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
294                 path[len] = 0;
295                 strcpy(path + len, "CoNfIg");
296                 if (!access(path, F_OK))
297                         git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
298                 probe_utf8_pathname_composition(path, len);
299         }
300
301         return reinit;
302 }
303
304 static void create_object_directory(void)
305 {
306         const char *object_directory = get_object_directory();
307         int len = strlen(object_directory);
308         char *path = xmalloc(len + 40);
309
310         memcpy(path, object_directory, len);
311
312         safe_create_dir(object_directory, 1);
313         strcpy(path+len, "/pack");
314         safe_create_dir(path, 1);
315         strcpy(path+len, "/info");
316         safe_create_dir(path, 1);
317
318         free(path);
319 }
320
321 int set_git_dir_init(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
322                      int exist_ok)
323 {
324         if (real_git_dir) {
325                 struct stat st;
326
327                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
328                         die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
329
330                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
331                         die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
332
333                 /*
334                  * make sure symlinks are resolved because we'll be
335                  * moving the target repo later on in separate_git_dir()
336                  */
337                 git_link = xstrdup(real_path(git_dir));
338         }
339         else {
340                 real_git_dir = real_path(git_dir);
341                 git_link = NULL;
342         }
343         set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
344         return 0;
345 }
346
347 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir)
348 {
349         struct stat st;
350         FILE *fp;
351
352         if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
353                 const char *src;
354
355                 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
356                         src = read_gitfile(git_link);
357                 else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
358                         src = git_link;
359                 else
360                         die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st.st_mode);
361
362                 if (rename(src, git_dir))
363                         die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
364         }
365
366         fp = fopen(git_link, "w");
367         if (!fp)
368                 die(_("Could not create git link %s"), git_link);
369         fprintf(fp, "gitdir: %s\n", git_dir);
370         fclose(fp);
371 }
372
373 int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
374 {
375         int reinit;
376         const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
377
378         if (git_link)
379                 separate_git_dir(git_dir);
380
381         safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
382
383         init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
384
385         /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
386          * Note that a newly created repository does not have
387          * config file, so this will not fail.  What we are catching
388          * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
389          */
390         check_repository_format();
391
392         reinit = create_default_files(template_dir);
393
394         create_object_directory();
395
396         if (shared_repository) {
397                 char buf[10];
398                 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
399                  * the configuration can be read by older version
400                  * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
401                  * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
402                  * PERM_EVERYBODY.
403                  */
404                 if (shared_repository < 0)
405                         /* force to the mode value */
406                         sprintf(buf, "0%o", -shared_repository);
407                 else if (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP)
408                         sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
409                 else if (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY)
410                         sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
411                 else
412                         die("oops");
413                 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
414                 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
415         }
416
417         if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
418                 int len = strlen(git_dir);
419
420                 /* TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
421                    existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
422                    "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name. */
423                 printf(_("%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"),
424                        reinit ? _("Reinitialized existing") : _("Initialized empty"),
425                        shared_repository ? _(" shared") : "",
426                        git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
427         }
428
429         return 0;
430 }
431
432 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
433 {
434         char cwd[PATH_MAX];
435         const char *slash;
436
437         /*
438          * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
439          * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
440          */
441         if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
442                 return 1;
443         if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
444                 die_errno(_("cannot tell cwd"));
445         if (!strcmp(git_dir, cwd))
446                 return 1;
447         /*
448          * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
449          */
450         if (!strcmp(git_dir, ".git"))
451                 return 0;
452         slash = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
453         if (slash && !strcmp(slash, "/.git"))
454                 return 0;
455
456         /*
457          * Otherwise it is often bare.  At this point
458          * we are just guessing.
459          */
460         return 1;
461 }
462
463 static int shared_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
464 {
465         *((int *) opt->value) = (arg) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg) : PERM_GROUP;
466         return 0;
467 }
468
469 static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
470         N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"),
471         NULL
472 };
473
474 /*
475  * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
476  * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
477  * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
478  * be the judge.  The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
479  */
480 int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
481 {
482         const char *git_dir;
483         const char *real_git_dir = NULL;
484         const char *work_tree;
485         const char *template_dir = NULL;
486         unsigned int flags = 0;
487         const struct option init_db_options[] = {
488                 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, N_("template-directory"),
489                                 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
490                 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
491                                 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
492                 { OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
493                         N_("permissions"),
494                         N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
495                         PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
496                 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET),
497                 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
498                            N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
499                 OPT_END()
500         };
501
502         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
503
504         if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
505                 real_git_dir = xstrdup(real_path(real_git_dir));
506
507         if (argc == 1) {
508                 int mkdir_tried = 0;
509         retry:
510                 if (chdir(argv[0]) < 0) {
511                         if (!mkdir_tried) {
512                                 int saved;
513                                 /*
514                                  * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
515                                  * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
516                                  * but just in case we play safe.
517                                  */
518                                 saved = shared_repository;
519                                 shared_repository = 0;
520                                 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
521                                 case SCLD_OK:
522                                 case SCLD_PERMS:
523                                         break;
524                                 case SCLD_EXISTS:
525                                         errno = EEXIST;
526                                         /* fallthru */
527                                 default:
528                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
529                                         break;
530                                 }
531                                 shared_repository = saved;
532                                 if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
533                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
534                                 mkdir_tried = 1;
535                                 goto retry;
536                         }
537                         die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv[0]);
538                 }
539         } else if (0 < argc) {
540                 usage(init_db_usage[0]);
541         }
542         if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) {
543                 static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
544
545                 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
546                         getcwd(git_dir, sizeof(git_dir)), argc > 0);
547         }
548
549         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
550                 shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
551
552         /*
553          * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
554          * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
555          */
556         git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
557         work_tree = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
558         if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) && work_tree)
559                 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
560                           "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
561                     GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
562                     GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
563
564         /*
565          * Set up the default .git directory contents
566          */
567         if (!git_dir)
568                 git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
569
570         if (is_bare_repository_cfg < 0)
571                 is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
572
573         if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
574                 const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
575                 if (git_dir_parent) {
576                         char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
577                         git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(real_path(rel));
578                         free(rel);
579                 }
580                 if (!git_work_tree_cfg) {
581                         git_work_tree_cfg = xcalloc(PATH_MAX, 1);
582                         if (!getcwd(git_work_tree_cfg, PATH_MAX))
583                                 die_errno (_("Cannot access current working directory"));
584                 }
585                 if (work_tree)
586                         set_git_work_tree(real_path(work_tree));
587                 else
588                         set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
589                 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
590                         die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
591                                    get_git_work_tree());
592         }
593         else {
594                 if (work_tree)
595                         set_git_work_tree(real_path(work_tree));
596         }
597
598         set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 1);
599
600         return init_db(template_dir, flags);
601 }