refspec: allow colon-less wildcard "refs/category/*"
[git] / help.c
1 /*
2  * builtin-help.c
3  *
4  * Builtin help-related commands (help, usage, version)
5  */
6 #include "cache.h"
7 #include "builtin.h"
8 #include "exec_cmd.h"
9 #include "common-cmds.h"
10 #include "parse-options.h"
11 #include "run-command.h"
12
13 static struct man_viewer_list {
14         void (*exec)(const char *);
15         struct man_viewer_list *next;
16 } *man_viewer_list;
17
18 enum help_format {
19         HELP_FORMAT_MAN,
20         HELP_FORMAT_INFO,
21         HELP_FORMAT_WEB,
22 };
23
24 static int show_all = 0;
25 static enum help_format help_format = HELP_FORMAT_MAN;
26 static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
27         OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, "print all available commands"),
28         OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, "show man page", HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
29         OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, "show manual in web browser",
30                         HELP_FORMAT_WEB),
31         OPT_SET_INT('i', "info", &help_format, "show info page",
32                         HELP_FORMAT_INFO),
33 };
34
35 static const char * const builtin_help_usage[] = {
36         "git-help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]",
37         NULL
38 };
39
40 static enum help_format parse_help_format(const char *format)
41 {
42         if (!strcmp(format, "man"))
43                 return HELP_FORMAT_MAN;
44         if (!strcmp(format, "info"))
45                 return HELP_FORMAT_INFO;
46         if (!strcmp(format, "web") || !strcmp(format, "html"))
47                 return HELP_FORMAT_WEB;
48         die("unrecognized help format '%s'", format);
49 }
50
51 static int check_emacsclient_version(void)
52 {
53         struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
54         struct child_process ec_process;
55         const char *argv_ec[] = { "emacsclient", "--version", NULL };
56         int version;
57
58         /* emacsclient prints its version number on stderr */
59         memset(&ec_process, 0, sizeof(ec_process));
60         ec_process.argv = argv_ec;
61         ec_process.err = -1;
62         ec_process.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
63         if (start_command(&ec_process)) {
64                 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to start emacsclient.\n");
65                 return -1;
66         }
67         strbuf_read(&buffer, ec_process.err, 20);
68         close(ec_process.err);
69
70         /*
71          * Don't bother checking return value, because "emacsclient --version"
72          * seems to always exits with code 1.
73          */
74         finish_command(&ec_process);
75
76         if (prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "emacsclient")) {
77                 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to parse emacsclient version.\n");
78                 strbuf_release(&buffer);
79                 return -1;
80         }
81
82         strbuf_remove(&buffer, 0, strlen("emacsclient"));
83         version = atoi(buffer.buf);
84
85         if (version < 22) {
86                 fprintf(stderr,
87                         "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22).\n",
88                         version);
89                 strbuf_release(&buffer);
90                 return -1;
91         }
92
93         strbuf_release(&buffer);
94         return 0;
95 }
96
97 static void exec_woman_emacs(const char *page)
98 {
99         if (!check_emacsclient_version()) {
100                 /* This works only with emacsclient version >= 22. */
101                 struct strbuf man_page = STRBUF_INIT;
102                 strbuf_addf(&man_page, "(woman \"%s\")", page);
103                 execlp("emacsclient", "emacsclient", "-e", man_page.buf, NULL);
104         }
105 }
106
107 static void exec_man_konqueror(const char *page)
108 {
109         const char *display = getenv("DISPLAY");
110         if (display && *display) {
111                 struct strbuf man_page = STRBUF_INIT;
112                 strbuf_addf(&man_page, "man:%s(1)", page);
113                 execlp("kfmclient", "kfmclient", "newTab", man_page.buf, NULL);
114         }
115 }
116
117 static void exec_man_man(const char *page)
118 {
119         execlp("man", "man", page, NULL);
120 }
121
122 static void do_add_man_viewer(void (*exec)(const char *))
123 {
124         struct man_viewer_list **p = &man_viewer_list;
125
126         while (*p)
127                 p = &((*p)->next);
128         *p = xmalloc(sizeof(**p));
129         (*p)->next = NULL;
130         (*p)->exec = exec;
131 }
132
133 static int add_man_viewer(const char *value)
134 {
135         if (!strcasecmp(value, "man"))
136                 do_add_man_viewer(exec_man_man);
137         else if (!strcasecmp(value, "woman"))
138                 do_add_man_viewer(exec_woman_emacs);
139         else if (!strcasecmp(value, "konqueror"))
140                 do_add_man_viewer(exec_man_konqueror);
141         else
142                 warning("'%s': unsupported man viewer.", value);
143
144         return 0;
145 }
146
147 static int git_help_config(const char *var, const char *value)
148 {
149         if (!strcmp(var, "help.format")) {
150                 if (!value)
151                         return config_error_nonbool(var);
152                 help_format = parse_help_format(value);
153                 return 0;
154         }
155         if (!strcmp(var, "man.viewer")) {
156                 if (!value)
157                         return config_error_nonbool(var);
158                 return add_man_viewer(value);
159         }
160         return git_default_config(var, value);
161 }
162
163 /* most GUI terminals set COLUMNS (although some don't export it) */
164 static int term_columns(void)
165 {
166         char *col_string = getenv("COLUMNS");
167         int n_cols;
168
169         if (col_string && (n_cols = atoi(col_string)) > 0)
170                 return n_cols;
171
172 #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
173         {
174                 struct winsize ws;
175                 if (!ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws)) {
176                         if (ws.ws_col)
177                                 return ws.ws_col;
178                 }
179         }
180 #endif
181
182         return 80;
183 }
184
185 static inline void mput_char(char c, unsigned int num)
186 {
187         while(num--)
188                 putchar(c);
189 }
190
191 static struct cmdnames {
192         int alloc;
193         int cnt;
194         struct cmdname {
195                 size_t len;
196                 char name[1];
197         } **names;
198 } main_cmds, other_cmds;
199
200 static void add_cmdname(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name, int len)
201 {
202         struct cmdname *ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + len);
203
204         ent->len = len;
205         memcpy(ent->name, name, len);
206         ent->name[len] = 0;
207
208         ALLOC_GROW(cmds->names, cmds->cnt + 1, cmds->alloc);
209         cmds->names[cmds->cnt++] = ent;
210 }
211
212 static int cmdname_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
213 {
214         struct cmdname *a = *(struct cmdname **)a_;
215         struct cmdname *b = *(struct cmdname **)b_;
216         return strcmp(a->name, b->name);
217 }
218
219 static void uniq(struct cmdnames *cmds)
220 {
221         int i, j;
222
223         if (!cmds->cnt)
224                 return;
225
226         for (i = j = 1; i < cmds->cnt; i++)
227                 if (strcmp(cmds->names[i]->name, cmds->names[i-1]->name))
228                         cmds->names[j++] = cmds->names[i];
229
230         cmds->cnt = j;
231 }
232
233 static void exclude_cmds(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *excludes)
234 {
235         int ci, cj, ei;
236         int cmp;
237
238         ci = cj = ei = 0;
239         while (ci < cmds->cnt && ei < excludes->cnt) {
240                 cmp = strcmp(cmds->names[ci]->name, excludes->names[ei]->name);
241                 if (cmp < 0)
242                         cmds->names[cj++] = cmds->names[ci++];
243                 else if (cmp == 0)
244                         ci++, ei++;
245                 else if (cmp > 0)
246                         ei++;
247         }
248
249         while (ci < cmds->cnt)
250                 cmds->names[cj++] = cmds->names[ci++];
251
252         cmds->cnt = cj;
253 }
254
255 static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, int longest)
256 {
257         int cols = 1, rows;
258         int space = longest + 1; /* min 1 SP between words */
259         int max_cols = term_columns() - 1; /* don't print *on* the edge */
260         int i, j;
261
262         if (space < max_cols)
263                 cols = max_cols / space;
264         rows = (cmds->cnt + cols - 1) / cols;
265
266         for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
267                 printf("  ");
268
269                 for (j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
270                         int n = j * rows + i;
271                         int size = space;
272                         if (n >= cmds->cnt)
273                                 break;
274                         if (j == cols-1 || n + rows >= cmds->cnt)
275                                 size = 1;
276                         printf("%-*s", size, cmds->names[n]->name);
277                 }
278                 putchar('\n');
279         }
280 }
281
282 static unsigned int list_commands_in_dir(struct cmdnames *cmds,
283                                          const char *path)
284 {
285         unsigned int longest = 0;
286         const char *prefix = "git-";
287         int prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
288         DIR *dir = opendir(path);
289         struct dirent *de;
290
291         if (!dir || chdir(path))
292                 return 0;
293
294         while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
295                 struct stat st;
296                 int entlen;
297
298                 if (prefixcmp(de->d_name, prefix))
299                         continue;
300
301                 if (stat(de->d_name, &st) || /* stat, not lstat */
302                     !S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
303                     !(st.st_mode & S_IXUSR))
304                         continue;
305
306                 entlen = strlen(de->d_name) - prefix_len;
307                 if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".exe"))
308                         entlen -= 4;
309
310                 if (longest < entlen)
311                         longest = entlen;
312
313                 add_cmdname(cmds, de->d_name + prefix_len, entlen);
314         }
315         closedir(dir);
316
317         return longest;
318 }
319
320 static unsigned int load_command_list(void)
321 {
322         unsigned int longest = 0;
323         unsigned int len;
324         const char *env_path = getenv("PATH");
325         char *paths, *path, *colon;
326         const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
327
328         if (exec_path)
329                 longest = list_commands_in_dir(&main_cmds, exec_path);
330
331         if (!env_path) {
332                 fprintf(stderr, "PATH not set\n");
333                 exit(1);
334         }
335
336         path = paths = xstrdup(env_path);
337         while (1) {
338                 if ((colon = strchr(path, ':')))
339                         *colon = 0;
340
341                 len = list_commands_in_dir(&other_cmds, path);
342                 if (len > longest)
343                         longest = len;
344
345                 if (!colon)
346                         break;
347                 path = colon + 1;
348         }
349         free(paths);
350
351         qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
352               sizeof(*main_cmds.names), cmdname_compare);
353         uniq(&main_cmds);
354
355         qsort(other_cmds.names, other_cmds.cnt,
356               sizeof(*other_cmds.names), cmdname_compare);
357         uniq(&other_cmds);
358         exclude_cmds(&other_cmds, &main_cmds);
359
360         return longest;
361 }
362
363 static void list_commands(void)
364 {
365         unsigned int longest = load_command_list();
366         const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
367
368         if (main_cmds.cnt) {
369                 printf("available git commands in '%s'\n", exec_path);
370                 printf("----------------------------");
371                 mput_char('-', strlen(exec_path));
372                 putchar('\n');
373                 pretty_print_string_list(&main_cmds, longest);
374                 putchar('\n');
375         }
376
377         if (other_cmds.cnt) {
378                 printf("git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH\n");
379                 printf("---------------------------------------------------\n");
380                 pretty_print_string_list(&other_cmds, longest);
381                 putchar('\n');
382         }
383 }
384
385 void list_common_cmds_help(void)
386 {
387         int i, longest = 0;
388
389         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
390                 if (longest < strlen(common_cmds[i].name))
391                         longest = strlen(common_cmds[i].name);
392         }
393
394         puts("The most commonly used git commands are:");
395         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
396                 printf("   %s   ", common_cmds[i].name);
397                 mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_cmds[i].name));
398                 puts(common_cmds[i].help);
399         }
400 }
401
402 static int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *c, const char *s)
403 {
404         int i;
405         for (i = 0; i < c->cnt; i++)
406                 if (!strcmp(s, c->names[i]->name))
407                         return 1;
408         return 0;
409 }
410
411 static int is_git_command(const char *s)
412 {
413         load_command_list();
414         return is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, s) ||
415                 is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, s);
416 }
417
418 static const char *cmd_to_page(const char *git_cmd)
419 {
420         if (!git_cmd)
421                 return "git";
422         else if (!prefixcmp(git_cmd, "git"))
423                 return git_cmd;
424         else {
425                 int page_len = strlen(git_cmd) + 4;
426                 char *p = xmalloc(page_len + 1);
427                 strcpy(p, "git-");
428                 strcpy(p + 4, git_cmd);
429                 p[page_len] = 0;
430                 return p;
431         }
432 }
433
434 static void setup_man_path(void)
435 {
436         struct strbuf new_path;
437         const char *old_path = getenv("MANPATH");
438
439         strbuf_init(&new_path, 0);
440
441         /* We should always put ':' after our path. If there is no
442          * old_path, the ':' at the end will let 'man' to try
443          * system-wide paths after ours to find the manual page. If
444          * there is old_path, we need ':' as delimiter. */
445         strbuf_addstr(&new_path, GIT_MAN_PATH);
446         strbuf_addch(&new_path, ':');
447         if (old_path)
448                 strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
449
450         setenv("MANPATH", new_path.buf, 1);
451
452         strbuf_release(&new_path);
453 }
454
455 static void show_man_page(const char *git_cmd)
456 {
457         struct man_viewer_list *viewer;
458         const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
459
460         setup_man_path();
461         for (viewer = man_viewer_list; viewer; viewer = viewer->next)
462         {
463                 viewer->exec(page); /* will return when unable */
464         }
465         exec_man_man(page);
466         die("no man viewer handled the request");
467 }
468
469 static void show_info_page(const char *git_cmd)
470 {
471         const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
472         setenv("INFOPATH", GIT_INFO_PATH, 1);
473         execlp("info", "info", "gitman", page, NULL);
474 }
475
476 static void get_html_page_path(struct strbuf *page_path, const char *page)
477 {
478         struct stat st;
479
480         /* Check that we have a git documentation directory. */
481         if (stat(GIT_HTML_PATH "/git.html", &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
482                 die("'%s': not a documentation directory.", GIT_HTML_PATH);
483
484         strbuf_init(page_path, 0);
485         strbuf_addf(page_path, GIT_HTML_PATH "/%s.html", page);
486 }
487
488 static void show_html_page(const char *git_cmd)
489 {
490         const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
491         struct strbuf page_path; /* it leaks but we exec bellow */
492
493         get_html_page_path(&page_path, page);
494
495         execl_git_cmd("web--browse", "-c", "help.browser", page_path.buf, NULL);
496 }
497
498 void help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
499 {
500         fprintf(stderr, "git: '%s' is not a git-command. See 'git --help'.\n", cmd);
501         exit(1);
502 }
503
504 int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
505 {
506         printf("git version %s\n", git_version_string);
507         return 0;
508 }
509
510 int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
511 {
512         int nongit;
513         const char *alias;
514
515         setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
516         git_config(git_help_config);
517
518         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_help_options,
519                         builtin_help_usage, 0);
520
521         if (show_all) {
522                 printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
523                 list_commands();
524                 return 0;
525         }
526
527         if (!argv[0]) {
528                 printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
529                 list_common_cmds_help();
530                 return 0;
531         }
532
533         alias = alias_lookup(argv[0]);
534         if (alias && !is_git_command(argv[0])) {
535                 printf("`git %s' is aliased to `%s'\n", argv[0], alias);
536                 return 0;
537         }
538
539         switch (help_format) {
540         case HELP_FORMAT_MAN:
541                 show_man_page(argv[0]);
542                 break;
543         case HELP_FORMAT_INFO:
544                 show_info_page(argv[0]);
545                 break;
546         case HELP_FORMAT_WEB:
547                 show_html_page(argv[0]);
548                 break;
549         }
550
551         return 0;
552 }