6 git-sparse-checkout - Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout
7 configuration, which reduces the checkout to a set of paths
8 given by a list of patterns.
14 'git sparse-checkout <subcommand> [options]'
20 Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout configuration, which reduces
21 the checkout to a set of paths given by a list of patterns.
23 THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. ITS BEHAVIOR, AND THE BEHAVIOR OF OTHER
24 COMMANDS IN THE PRESENCE OF SPARSE-CHECKOUTS, WILL LIKELY CHANGE IN
31 Describe the patterns in the sparse-checkout file.
34 Enable the `core.sparseCheckout` setting. If the
35 sparse-checkout file does not exist, then populate it with
36 patterns that match every file in the root directory and
37 no other directories, then will remove all directories tracked
38 by Git. Add patterns to the sparse-checkout file to
39 repopulate the working directory.
41 To avoid interfering with other worktrees, it first enables the
42 `extensions.worktreeConfig` setting and makes sure to set the
43 `core.sparseCheckout` setting in the worktree-specific config file.
45 When `--cone` is provided, the `core.sparseCheckoutCone` setting is
46 also set, allowing for better performance with a limited set of
47 patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN SET' below).
50 Write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file, as given as
51 a list of arguments following the 'set' subcommand. Update the
52 working directory to match the new patterns. Enable the
53 core.sparseCheckout config setting if it is not already enabled.
55 When the `--stdin` option is provided, the patterns are read from
56 standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the arguments.
58 When `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the input list is considered a
59 list of directories instead of sparse-checkout patterns. The command writes
60 patterns to the sparse-checkout file to include all files contained in those
61 directories (recursively) as well as files that are siblings of ancestor
62 directories. The input format matches the output of `git ls-tree --name-only`.
63 This includes interpreting pathnames that begin with a double quote (") as
64 C-style quoted strings.
67 Update the sparse-checkout file to include additional patterns.
68 By default, these patterns are read from the command-line arguments,
69 but they can be read from stdin using the `--stdin` option. When
70 `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the given patterns are interpreted
71 as directory names as in the 'set' subcommand.
74 Reapply the sparsity pattern rules to paths in the working tree.
75 Commands like merge or rebase can materialize paths to do their
76 work (e.g. in order to show you a conflict), and other
77 sparse-checkout commands might fail to sparsify an individual file
78 (e.g. because it has unstaged changes or conflicts). In such
79 cases, it can make sense to run `git sparse-checkout reapply` later
80 after cleaning up affected paths (e.g. resolving conflicts, undoing
81 or committing changes, etc.).
84 Disable the `core.sparseCheckout` config setting, and restore the
85 working directory to include all files. Leaves the sparse-checkout
86 file intact so a later 'git sparse-checkout init' command may
87 return the working directory to the same state.
92 "Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely.
93 It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell
94 Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If
95 the skip-worktree bit is set, then the file is ignored in the working
96 directory. Git will not populate the contents of those files, which
97 makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a repository with many
98 files, but only a few are important to the current user.
100 The `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` file is used to define the
101 skip-worktree reference bitmap. When Git updates the working
102 directory, it updates the skip-worktree bits in the index based
103 on this file. The files matching the patterns in the file will
104 appear in the working directory, and the rest will not.
106 To enable the sparse-checkout feature, run `git sparse-checkout init` to
107 initialize a simple sparse-checkout file and enable the `core.sparseCheckout`
108 config setting. Then, run `git sparse-checkout set` to modify the patterns in
109 the sparse-checkout file.
111 To repopulate the working directory with all files, use the
112 `git sparse-checkout disable` command.
118 By default, the sparse-checkout file uses the same syntax as `.gitignore`
121 While `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` is usually used to specify what
122 files are included, you can also specify what files are _not_ included,
123 using negative patterns. For example, to remove the file `unwanted`:
134 The full pattern set allows for arbitrary pattern matches and complicated
135 inclusion/exclusion rules. These can result in O(N*M) pattern matches when
136 updating the index, where N is the number of patterns and M is the number
137 of paths in the index. To combat this performance issue, a more restricted
138 pattern set is allowed when `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled.
140 The accepted patterns in the cone pattern set are:
142 1. *Recursive:* All paths inside a directory are included.
144 2. *Parent:* All files immediately inside a directory are included.
146 In addition to the above two patterns, we also expect that all files in the
147 root directory are included. If a recursive pattern is added, then all
148 leading directories are added as parent patterns.
150 By default, when running `git sparse-checkout init`, the root directory is
151 added as a parent pattern. At this point, the sparse-checkout file contains
152 the following patterns:
159 This says "include everything in root, but nothing two levels below root."
161 When in cone mode, the `git sparse-checkout set` subcommand takes a list of
162 directories instead of a list of sparse-checkout patterns. In this mode,
163 the command `git sparse-checkout set A/B/C` sets the directory `A/B/C` as
164 a recursive pattern, the directories `A` and `A/B` are added as parent
165 patterns. The resulting sparse-checkout file is now
177 Here, order matters, so the negative patterns are overridden by the positive
178 patterns that appear lower in the file.
180 If `core.sparseCheckoutCone=true`, then Git will parse the sparse-checkout file
181 expecting patterns of these types. Git will warn if the patterns do not match.
182 If the patterns do match the expected format, then Git will use faster hash-
183 based algorithms to compute inclusion in the sparse-checkout.
185 In the cone mode case, the `git sparse-checkout list` subcommand will list the
186 directories that define the recursive patterns. For the example sparse-checkout
187 file above, the output is as follows:
189 --------------------------
190 $ git sparse-checkout list
192 --------------------------
194 If `core.ignoreCase=true`, then the pattern-matching algorithm will use a
195 case-insensitive check. This corrects for case mismatched filenames in the
196 'git sparse-checkout set' command to reflect the expected cone in the working
203 If your repository contains one or more submodules, then submodules
204 are populated based on interactions with the `git submodule` command.
205 Specifically, `git submodule init -- <path>` will ensure the submodule
206 at `<path>` is present, while `git submodule deinit [-f] -- <path>`
207 will remove the files for the submodule at `<path>` (including any
208 untracked files, uncommitted changes, and unpushed history). Similar
209 to how sparse-checkout removes files from the working tree but still
210 leaves entries in the index, deinitialized submodules are removed from
211 the working directory but still have an entry in the index.
213 Since submodules may have unpushed changes or untracked files,
214 removing them could result in data loss. Thus, changing sparse
215 inclusion/exclusion rules will not cause an already checked out
216 submodule to be removed from the working copy. Said another way, just
217 as `checkout` will not cause submodules to be automatically removed or
218 initialized even when switching between branches that remove or add
219 submodules, using `sparse-checkout` to reduce or expand the scope of
220 "interesting" files will not cause submodules to be automatically
221 deinitialized or initialized either.
223 Further, the above facts mean that there are multiple reasons that
224 "tracked" files might not be present in the working copy: sparsity
225 pattern application from sparse-checkout, and submodule initialization
226 state. Thus, commands like `git grep` that work on tracked files in
227 the working copy may return results that are limited by either or both
228 of these restrictions.
234 linkgit:git-read-tree[1]
239 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite