git.oblomov.eu Git - git/blob - refs/files-backend.c

   1 #include "../cache.h"
   2 #include "../config.h"
   3 #include "../refs.h"
   4 #include "refs-internal.h"
   5 #include "ref-cache.h"
   6 #include "packed-backend.h"
   7 #include "../iterator.h"
   8 #include "../dir-iterator.h"
   9 #include "../lockfile.h"
  10 #include "../object.h"
  11 #include "../dir.h"
  12 #include "../chdir-notify.h"
  13 #include "worktree.h"
  14
  15 /*
  16  * This backend uses the following flags in `ref_update::flags` for
  17  * internal bookkeeping purposes. Their numerical values must not
  18  * conflict with REF_NO_DEREF, REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG, REF_HAVE_NEW,
  19  * REF_HAVE_OLD, or REF_IS_PRUNING, which are also stored in
  20  * `ref_update::flags`.
  21  */
  22
  23 /*
  24  * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when a loose ref is being
  25  * pruned. This flag must only be used when REF_NO_DEREF is set.
  26  */
  27 #define REF_IS_PRUNING (1 << 4)
  28
  29 /*
  30  * Flag passed to lock_ref_sha1_basic() telling it to tolerate broken
  31  * refs (i.e., because the reference is about to be deleted anyway).
  32  */
  33 #define REF_DELETING (1 << 5)
  34
  35 /*
  36  * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the lockfile needs to be
  37  * committed.
  38  */
  39 #define REF_NEEDS_COMMIT (1 << 6)
  40
  41 /*
  42  * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when we want to log a ref
  43  * update but not actually perform it.  This is used when a symbolic
  44  * ref update is split up.
  45  */
  46 #define REF_LOG_ONLY (1 << 7)
  47
  48 /*
  49  * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the ref_update was via an
  50  * update to HEAD.
  51  */
  52 #define REF_UPDATE_VIA_HEAD (1 << 8)
  53
  54 /*
  55  * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the loose reference has
  56  * been deleted.
  57  */
  58 #define REF_DELETED_LOOSE (1 << 9)
  59
  60 struct ref_lock {
  61         char *ref_name;
  62         struct lock_file lk;
  63         struct object_id old_oid;
  64 };
  65
  66 struct files_ref_store {
  67         struct ref_store base;
  68         unsigned int store_flags;
  69
  70         char *gitdir;
  71         char *gitcommondir;
  72
  73         struct ref_cache *loose;
  74
  75         struct ref_store *packed_ref_store;
  76 };
  77
  78 static void clear_loose_ref_cache(struct files_ref_store *refs)
  79 {
  80         if (refs->loose) {
  81                 free_ref_cache(refs->loose);
  82                 refs->loose = NULL;
  83         }
  84 }
  85
  86 /*
  87  * Create a new submodule ref cache and add it to the internal
  88  * set of caches.
  89  */
  90 static struct ref_store *files_ref_store_create(const char *gitdir,
  91                                                 unsigned int flags)
  92 {
  93         struct files_ref_store *refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*refs));
  94         struct ref_store *ref_store = (struct ref_store *)refs;
  95         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
  96
  97         base_ref_store_init(ref_store, &refs_be_files);
  98         refs->store_flags = flags;
  99
 100         refs->gitdir = xstrdup(gitdir);
 101         get_common_dir_noenv(&sb, gitdir);
 102         refs->gitcommondir = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
 103         strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/packed-refs", refs->gitcommondir);
 104         refs->packed_ref_store = packed_ref_store_create(sb.buf, flags);
 105         strbuf_release(&sb);
 106
 107         chdir_notify_reparent("files-backend $GIT_DIR",
 108                               &refs->gitdir);
 109         chdir_notify_reparent("files-backend $GIT_COMMONDIR",
 110                               &refs->gitcommondir);
 111
 112         return ref_store;
 113 }
 114
 115 /*
 116  * Die if refs is not the main ref store. caller is used in any
 117  * necessary error messages.
 118  */
 119 static void files_assert_main_repository(struct files_ref_store *refs,
 120                                          const char *caller)
 121 {
 122         if (refs->store_flags & REF_STORE_MAIN)
 123                 return;
 124
 125         BUG("operation %s only allowed for main ref store", caller);
 126 }
 127
 128 /*
 129  * Downcast ref_store to files_ref_store. Die if ref_store is not a
 130  * files_ref_store. required_flags is compared with ref_store's
 131  * store_flags to ensure the ref_store has all required capabilities.
 132  * "caller" is used in any necessary error messages.
 133  */
 134 static struct files_ref_store *files_downcast(struct ref_store *ref_store,
 135                                               unsigned int required_flags,
 136                                               const char *caller)
 137 {
 138         struct files_ref_store *refs;
 139
 140         if (ref_store->be != &refs_be_files)
 141                 BUG("ref_store is type \"%s\" not \"files\" in %s",
 142                     ref_store->be->name, caller);
 143
 144         refs = (struct files_ref_store *)ref_store;
 145
 146         if ((refs->store_flags & required_flags) != required_flags)
 147                 BUG("operation %s requires abilities 0x%x, but only have 0x%x",
 148                     caller, required_flags, refs->store_flags);
 149
 150         return refs;
 151 }
 152
 153 static void files_reflog_path_other_worktrees(struct files_ref_store *refs,
 154                                               struct strbuf *sb,
 155                                               const char *refname)
 156 {
 157         const char *real_ref;
 158         const char *worktree_name;
 159         int length;
 160
 161         if (parse_worktree_ref(refname, &worktree_name, &length, &real_ref))
 162                 BUG("refname %s is not a other-worktree ref", refname);
 163
 164         if (worktree_name)
 165                 strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/worktrees/%.*s/logs/%s", refs->gitcommondir,
 166                             length, worktree_name, real_ref);
 167         else
 168                 strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/logs/%s", refs->gitcommondir,
 169                             real_ref);
 170 }
 171
 172 static void files_reflog_path(struct files_ref_store *refs,
 173                               struct strbuf *sb,
 174                               const char *refname)
 175 {
 176         switch (ref_type(refname)) {
 177         case REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE:
 178         case REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF:
 179                 strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/logs/%s", refs->gitdir, refname);
 180                 break;
 181         case REF_TYPE_OTHER_PSEUDOREF:
 182         case REF_TYPE_MAIN_PSEUDOREF:
 183                 files_reflog_path_other_worktrees(refs, sb, refname);
 184                 break;
 185         case REF_TYPE_NORMAL:
 186                 strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/logs/%s", refs->gitcommondir, refname);
 187                 break;
 188         default:
 189                 BUG("unknown ref type %d of ref %s",
 190                     ref_type(refname), refname);
 191         }
 192 }
 193
 194 static void files_ref_path(struct files_ref_store *refs,
 195                            struct strbuf *sb,
 196                            const char *refname)
 197 {
 198         switch (ref_type(refname)) {
 199         case REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE:
 200         case REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF:
 201                 strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/%s", refs->gitdir, refname);
 202                 break;
 203         case REF_TYPE_MAIN_PSEUDOREF:
 204                 if (!skip_prefix(refname, "main-worktree/", &refname))
 205                         BUG("ref %s is not a main pseudoref", refname);
 206                 /* fallthrough */
 207         case REF_TYPE_OTHER_PSEUDOREF:
 208         case REF_TYPE_NORMAL:
 209                 strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/%s", refs->gitcommondir, refname);
 210                 break;
 211         default:
 212                 BUG("unknown ref type %d of ref %s",
 213                     ref_type(refname), refname);
 214         }
 215 }
 216
 217 /*
 218  * Read the loose references from the namespace dirname into dir
 219  * (without recursing).  dirname must end with '/'.  dir must be the
 220  * directory entry corresponding to dirname.
 221  */
 222 static void loose_fill_ref_dir(struct ref_store *ref_store,
 223                                struct ref_dir *dir, const char *dirname)
 224 {
 225         struct files_ref_store *refs =
 226                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "fill_ref_dir");
 227         DIR *d;
 228         struct dirent *de;
 229         int dirnamelen = strlen(dirname);
 230         struct strbuf refname;
 231         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 232         size_t path_baselen;
 233
 234         files_ref_path(refs, &path, dirname);
 235         path_baselen = path.len;
 236
 237         d = opendir(path.buf);
 238         if (!d) {
 239                 strbuf_release(&path);
 240                 return;
 241         }
 242
 243         strbuf_init(&refname, dirnamelen + 257);
 244         strbuf_add(&refname, dirname, dirnamelen);
 245
 246         while ((de = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
 247                 struct object_id oid;
 248                 struct stat st;
 249                 int flag;
 250
 251                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
 252                         continue;
 253                 if (ends_with(de->d_name, ".lock"))
 254                         continue;
 255                 strbuf_addstr(&refname, de->d_name);
 256                 strbuf_addstr(&path, de->d_name);
 257                 if (stat(path.buf, &st) < 0) {
 258                         ; /* silently ignore */
 259                 } else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 260                         strbuf_addch(&refname, '/');
 261                         add_entry_to_dir(dir,
 262                                          create_dir_entry(dir->cache, refname.buf,
 263                                                           refname.len, 1));
 264                 } else {
 265                         if (!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base,
 266                                                      refname.buf,
 267                                                      RESOLVE_REF_READING,
 268                                                      &oid, &flag)) {
 269                                 oidclr(&oid);
 270                                 flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 271                         } else if (is_null_oid(&oid)) {
 272                                 /*
 273                                  * It is so astronomically unlikely
 274                                  * that null_oid is the OID of an
 275                                  * actual object that we consider its
 276                                  * appearance in a loose reference
 277                                  * file to be repo corruption
 278                                  * (probably due to a software bug).
 279                                  */
 280                                 flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 281                         }
 282
 283                         if (check_refname_format(refname.buf,
 284                                                  REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
 285                                 if (!refname_is_safe(refname.buf))
 286                                         die("loose refname is dangerous: %s", refname.buf);
 287                                 oidclr(&oid);
 288                                 flag |= REF_BAD_NAME | REF_ISBROKEN;
 289                         }
 290                         add_entry_to_dir(dir,
 291                                          create_ref_entry(refname.buf, &oid, flag));
 292                 }
 293                 strbuf_setlen(&refname, dirnamelen);
 294                 strbuf_setlen(&path, path_baselen);
 295         }
 296         strbuf_release(&refname);
 297         strbuf_release(&path);
 298         closedir(d);
 299
 300         /*
 301          * Manually add refs/bisect and refs/worktree, which, being
 302          * per-worktree, might not appear in the directory listing for
 303          * refs/ in the main repo.
 304          */
 305         if (!strcmp(dirname, "refs/")) {
 306                 int pos = search_ref_dir(dir, "refs/bisect/", 12);
 307
 308                 if (pos < 0) {
 309                         struct ref_entry *child_entry = create_dir_entry(
 310                                         dir->cache, "refs/bisect/", 12, 1);
 311                         add_entry_to_dir(dir, child_entry);
 312                 }
 313
 314                 pos = search_ref_dir(dir, "refs/worktree/", 11);
 315
 316                 if (pos < 0) {
 317                         struct ref_entry *child_entry = create_dir_entry(
 318                                         dir->cache, "refs/worktree/", 11, 1);
 319                         add_entry_to_dir(dir, child_entry);
 320                 }
 321         }
 322 }
 323
 324 static struct ref_cache *get_loose_ref_cache(struct files_ref_store *refs)
 325 {
 326         if (!refs->loose) {
 327                 /*
 328                  * Mark the top-level directory complete because we
 329                  * are about to read the only subdirectory that can
 330                  * hold references:
 331                  */
 332                 refs->loose = create_ref_cache(&refs->base, loose_fill_ref_dir);
 333
 334                 /* We're going to fill the top level ourselves: */
 335                 refs->loose->root->flag &= ~REF_INCOMPLETE;
 336
 337                 /*
 338                  * Add an incomplete entry for "refs/" (to be filled
 339                  * lazily):
 340                  */
 341                 add_entry_to_dir(get_ref_dir(refs->loose->root),
 342                                  create_dir_entry(refs->loose, "refs/", 5, 1));
 343         }
 344         return refs->loose;
 345 }
 346
 347 static int files_read_raw_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
 348                               const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
 349                               struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type)
 350 {
 351         struct files_ref_store *refs =
 352                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "read_raw_ref");
 353         struct strbuf sb_contents = STRBUF_INIT;
 354         struct strbuf sb_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 355         const char *path;
 356         const char *buf;
 357         const char *p;
 358         struct stat st;
 359         int fd;
 360         int ret = -1;
 361         int save_errno;
 362         int remaining_retries = 3;
 363
 364         *type = 0;
 365         strbuf_reset(&sb_path);
 366
 367         files_ref_path(refs, &sb_path, refname);
 368
 369         path = sb_path.buf;
 370
 371 stat_ref:
 372         /*
 373          * We might have to loop back here to avoid a race
 374          * condition: first we lstat() the file, then we try
 375          * to read it as a link or as a file.  But if somebody
 376          * changes the type of the file (file <-> directory
 377          * <-> symlink) between the lstat() and reading, then
 378          * we don't want to report that as an error but rather
 379          * try again starting with the lstat().
 380          *
 381          * We'll keep a count of the retries, though, just to avoid
 382          * any confusing situation sending us into an infinite loop.
 383          */
 384
 385         if (remaining_retries-- <= 0)
 386                 goto out;
 387
 388         if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
 389                 if (errno != ENOENT)
 390                         goto out;
 391                 if (refs_read_raw_ref(refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
 392                                       oid, referent, type)) {
 393                         errno = ENOENT;
 394                         goto out;
 395                 }
 396                 ret = 0;
 397                 goto out;
 398         }
 399
 400         /* Follow "normalized" - ie "refs/.." symlinks by hand */
 401         if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
 402                 strbuf_reset(&sb_contents);
 403                 if (strbuf_readlink(&sb_contents, path, st.st_size) < 0) {
 404                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
 405                                 /* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
 406                                 goto stat_ref;
 407                         else
 408                                 goto out;
 409                 }
 410                 if (starts_with(sb_contents.buf, "refs/") &&
 411                     !check_refname_format(sb_contents.buf, 0)) {
 412                         strbuf_swap(&sb_contents, referent);
 413                         *type |= REF_ISSYMREF;
 414                         ret = 0;
 415                         goto out;
 416                 }
 417                 /*
 418                  * It doesn't look like a refname; fall through to just
 419                  * treating it like a non-symlink, and reading whatever it
 420                  * points to.
 421                  */
 422         }
 423
 424         /* Is it a directory? */
 425         if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 426                 /*
 427                  * Even though there is a directory where the loose
 428                  * ref is supposed to be, there could still be a
 429                  * packed ref:
 430                  */
 431                 if (refs_read_raw_ref(refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
 432                                       oid, referent, type)) {
 433                         errno = EISDIR;
 434                         goto out;
 435                 }
 436                 ret = 0;
 437                 goto out;
 438         }
 439
 440         /*
 441          * Anything else, just open it and try to use it as
 442          * a ref
 443          */
 444         fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 445         if (fd < 0) {
 446                 if (errno == ENOENT && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
 447                         /* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
 448                         goto stat_ref;
 449                 else
 450                         goto out;
 451         }
 452         strbuf_reset(&sb_contents);
 453         if (strbuf_read(&sb_contents, fd, 256) < 0) {
 454                 int save_errno = errno;
 455                 close(fd);
 456                 errno = save_errno;
 457                 goto out;
 458         }
 459         close(fd);
 460         strbuf_rtrim(&sb_contents);
 461         buf = sb_contents.buf;
 462         if (starts_with(buf, "ref:")) {
 463                 buf += 4;
 464                 while (isspace(*buf))
 465                         buf++;
 466
 467                 strbuf_reset(referent);
 468                 strbuf_addstr(referent, buf);
 469                 *type |= REF_ISSYMREF;
 470                 ret = 0;
 471                 goto out;
 472         }
 473
 474         /*
 475          * Please note that FETCH_HEAD has additional
 476          * data after the sha.
 477          */
 478         if (parse_oid_hex(buf, oid, &p) ||
 479             (*p != '\0' && !isspace(*p))) {
 480                 *type |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 481                 errno = EINVAL;
 482                 goto out;
 483         }
 484
 485         ret = 0;
 486
 487 out:
 488         save_errno = errno;
 489         strbuf_release(&sb_path);
 490         strbuf_release(&sb_contents);
 491         errno = save_errno;
 492         return ret;
 493 }
 494
 495 static void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
 496 {
 497         rollback_lock_file(&lock->lk);
 498         free(lock->ref_name);
 499         free(lock);
 500 }
 501
 502 /*
 503  * Lock refname, without following symrefs, and set *lock_p to point
 504  * at a newly-allocated lock object. Fill in lock->old_oid, referent,
 505  * and type similarly to read_raw_ref().
 506  *
 507  * The caller must verify that refname is a "safe" reference name (in
 508  * the sense of refname_is_safe()) before calling this function.
 509  *
 510  * If the reference doesn't already exist, verify that refname doesn't
 511  * have a D/F conflict with any existing references. extras and skip
 512  * are passed to refs_verify_refname_available() for this check.
 513  *
 514  * If mustexist is not set and the reference is not found or is
 515  * broken, lock the reference anyway but clear old_oid.
 516  *
 517  * Return 0 on success. On failure, write an error message to err and
 518  * return TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT or TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR.
 519  *
 520  * Implementation note: This function is basically
 521  *
 522  *     lock reference
 523  *     read_raw_ref()
 524  *
 525  * but it includes a lot more code to
 526  * - Deal with possible races with other processes
 527  * - Avoid calling refs_verify_refname_available() when it can be
 528  *   avoided, namely if we were successfully able to read the ref
 529  * - Generate informative error messages in the case of failure
 530  */
 531 static int lock_raw_ref(struct files_ref_store *refs,
 532                         const char *refname, int mustexist,
 533                         const struct string_list *extras,
 534                         const struct string_list *skip,
 535                         struct ref_lock **lock_p,
 536                         struct strbuf *referent,
 537                         unsigned int *type,
 538                         struct strbuf *err)
 539 {
 540         struct ref_lock *lock;
 541         struct strbuf ref_file = STRBUF_INIT;
 542         int attempts_remaining = 3;
 543         int ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
 544
 545         assert(err);
 546         files_assert_main_repository(refs, "lock_raw_ref");
 547
 548         *type = 0;
 549
 550         /* First lock the file so it can't change out from under us. */
 551
 552         *lock_p = lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*lock));
 553
 554         lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
 555         files_ref_path(refs, &ref_file, refname);
 556
 557 retry:
 558         switch (safe_create_leading_directories(ref_file.buf)) {
 559         case SCLD_OK:
 560                 break; /* success */
 561         case SCLD_EXISTS:
 562                 /*
 563                  * Suppose refname is "refs/foo/bar". We just failed
 564                  * to create the containing directory, "refs/foo",
 565                  * because there was a non-directory in the way. This
 566                  * indicates a D/F conflict, probably because of
 567                  * another reference such as "refs/foo". There is no
 568                  * reason to expect this error to be transitory.
 569                  */
 570                 if (refs_verify_refname_available(&refs->base, refname,
 571                                                   extras, skip, err)) {
 572                         if (mustexist) {
 573                                 /*
 574                                  * To the user the relevant error is
 575                                  * that the "mustexist" reference is
 576                                  * missing:
 577                                  */
 578                                 strbuf_reset(err);
 579                                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s'",
 580                                             refname);
 581                         } else {
 582                                 /*
 583                                  * The error message set by
 584                                  * refs_verify_refname_available() is
 585                                  * OK.
 586                                  */
 587                                 ret = TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
 588                         }
 589                 } else {
 590                         /*
 591                          * The file that is in the way isn't a loose
 592                          * reference. Report it as a low-level
 593                          * failure.
 594                          */
 595                         strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create lock file %s.lock; "
 596                                     "non-directory in the way",
 597                                     ref_file.buf);
 598                 }
 599                 goto error_return;
 600         case SCLD_VANISHED:
 601                 /* Maybe another process was tidying up. Try again. */
 602                 if (--attempts_remaining > 0)
 603                         goto retry;
 604                 /* fall through */
 605         default:
 606                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create directory for %s",
 607                             ref_file.buf);
 608                 goto error_return;
 609         }
 610
 611         if (hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
 612                             &lock->lk, ref_file.buf, LOCK_NO_DEREF,
 613                             get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms()) < 0) {
 614                 if (errno == ENOENT && --attempts_remaining > 0) {
 615                         /*
 616                          * Maybe somebody just deleted one of the
 617                          * directories leading to ref_file.  Try
 618                          * again:
 619                          */
 620                         goto retry;
 621                 } else {
 622                         unable_to_lock_message(ref_file.buf, errno, err);
 623                         goto error_return;
 624                 }
 625         }
 626
 627         /*
 628          * Now we hold the lock and can read the reference without
 629          * fear that its value will change.
 630          */
 631
 632         if (files_read_raw_ref(&refs->base, refname,
 633                                &lock->old_oid, referent, type)) {
 634                 if (errno == ENOENT) {
 635                         if (mustexist) {
 636                                 /* Garden variety missing reference. */
 637                                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s'",
 638                                             refname);
 639                                 goto error_return;
 640                         } else {
 641                                 /*
 642                                  * Reference is missing, but that's OK. We
 643                                  * know that there is not a conflict with
 644                                  * another loose reference because
 645                                  * (supposing that we are trying to lock
 646                                  * reference "refs/foo/bar"):
 647                                  *
 648                                  * - We were successfully able to create
 649                                  *   the lockfile refs/foo/bar.lock, so we
 650                                  *   know there cannot be a loose reference
 651                                  *   named "refs/foo".
 652                                  *
 653                                  * - We got ENOENT and not EISDIR, so we
 654                                  *   know that there cannot be a loose
 655                                  *   reference named "refs/foo/bar/baz".
 656                                  */
 657                         }
 658                 } else if (errno == EISDIR) {
 659                         /*
 660                          * There is a directory in the way. It might have
 661                          * contained references that have been deleted. If
 662                          * we don't require that the reference already
 663                          * exists, try to remove the directory so that it
 664                          * doesn't cause trouble when we want to rename the
 665                          * lockfile into place later.
 666                          */
 667                         if (mustexist) {
 668                                 /* Garden variety missing reference. */
 669                                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s'",
 670                                             refname);
 671                                 goto error_return;
 672                         } else if (remove_dir_recursively(&ref_file,
 673                                                           REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY)) {
 674                                 if (refs_verify_refname_available(
 675                                                     &refs->base, refname,
 676                                                     extras, skip, err)) {
 677                                         /*
 678                                          * The error message set by
 679                                          * verify_refname_available() is OK.
 680                                          */
 681                                         ret = TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
 682                                         goto error_return;
 683                                 } else {
 684                                         /*
 685                                          * We can't delete the directory,
 686                                          * but we also don't know of any
 687                                          * references that it should
 688                                          * contain.
 689                                          */
 690                                         strbuf_addf(err, "there is a non-empty directory '%s' "
 691                                                     "blocking reference '%s'",
 692                                                     ref_file.buf, refname);
 693                                         goto error_return;
 694                                 }
 695                         }
 696                 } else if (errno == EINVAL && (*type & REF_ISBROKEN)) {
 697                         strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s': "
 698                                     "reference broken", refname);
 699                         goto error_return;
 700                 } else {
 701                         strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s': %s",
 702                                     refname, strerror(errno));
 703                         goto error_return;
 704                 }
 705
 706                 /*
 707                  * If the ref did not exist and we are creating it,
 708                  * make sure there is no existing packed ref that
 709                  * conflicts with refname:
 710                  */
 711                 if (refs_verify_refname_available(
 712                                     refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
 713                                     extras, skip, err))
 714                         goto error_return;
 715         }
 716
 717         ret = 0;
 718         goto out;
 719
 720 error_return:
 721         unlock_ref(lock);
 722         *lock_p = NULL;
 723
 724 out:
 725         strbuf_release(&ref_file);
 726         return ret;
 727 }
 728
 729 struct files_ref_iterator {
 730         struct ref_iterator base;
 731
 732         struct ref_iterator *iter0;
 733         unsigned int flags;
 734 };
 735
 736 static int files_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
 737 {
 738         struct files_ref_iterator *iter =
 739                 (struct files_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
 740         int ok;
 741
 742         while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter->iter0)) == ITER_OK) {
 743                 if (iter->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_PER_WORKTREE_ONLY &&
 744                     ref_type(iter->iter0->refname) != REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE)
 745                         continue;
 746
 747                 if (!(iter->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN) &&
 748                     !ref_resolves_to_object(iter->iter0->refname,
 749                                             iter->iter0->oid,
 750                                             iter->iter0->flags))
 751                         continue;
 752
 753                 iter->base.refname = iter->iter0->refname;
 754                 iter->base.oid = iter->iter0->oid;
 755                 iter->base.flags = iter->iter0->flags;
 756                 return ITER_OK;
 757         }
 758
 759         iter->iter0 = NULL;
 760         if (ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator) != ITER_DONE)
 761                 ok = ITER_ERROR;
 762
 763         return ok;
 764 }
 765
 766 static int files_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
 767                                    struct object_id *peeled)
 768 {
 769         struct files_ref_iterator *iter =
 770                 (struct files_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
 771
 772         return ref_iterator_peel(iter->iter0, peeled);
 773 }
 774
 775 static int files_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
 776 {
 777         struct files_ref_iterator *iter =
 778                 (struct files_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
 779         int ok = ITER_DONE;
 780
 781         if (iter->iter0)
 782                 ok = ref_iterator_abort(iter->iter0);
 783
 784         base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
 785         return ok;
 786 }
 787
 788 static struct ref_iterator_vtable files_ref_iterator_vtable = {
 789         files_ref_iterator_advance,
 790         files_ref_iterator_peel,
 791         files_ref_iterator_abort
 792 };
 793
 794 static struct ref_iterator *files_ref_iterator_begin(
 795                 struct ref_store *ref_store,
 796                 const char *prefix, unsigned int flags)
 797 {
 798         struct files_ref_store *refs;
 799         struct ref_iterator *loose_iter, *packed_iter, *overlay_iter;
 800         struct files_ref_iterator *iter;
 801         struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator;
 802         unsigned int required_flags = REF_STORE_READ;
 803
 804         if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN))
 805                 required_flags |= REF_STORE_ODB;
 806
 807         refs = files_downcast(ref_store, required_flags, "ref_iterator_begin");
 808
 809         /*
 810          * We must make sure that all loose refs are read before
 811          * accessing the packed-refs file; this avoids a race
 812          * condition if loose refs are migrated to the packed-refs
 813          * file by a simultaneous process, but our in-memory view is
 814          * from before the migration. We ensure this as follows:
 815          * First, we call start the loose refs iteration with its
 816          * `prime_ref` argument set to true. This causes the loose
 817          * references in the subtree to be pre-read into the cache.
 818          * (If they've already been read, that's OK; we only need to
 819          * guarantee that they're read before the packed refs, not
 820          * *how much* before.) After that, we call
 821          * packed_ref_iterator_begin(), which internally checks
 822          * whether the packed-ref cache is up to date with what is on
 823          * disk, and re-reads it if not.
 824          */
 825
 826         loose_iter = cache_ref_iterator_begin(get_loose_ref_cache(refs),
 827                                               prefix, 1);
 828
 829         /*
 830          * The packed-refs file might contain broken references, for
 831          * example an old version of a reference that points at an
 832          * object that has since been garbage-collected. This is OK as
 833          * long as there is a corresponding loose reference that
 834          * overrides it, and we don't want to emit an error message in
 835          * this case. So ask the packed_ref_store for all of its
 836          * references, and (if needed) do our own check for broken
 837          * ones in files_ref_iterator_advance(), after we have merged
 838          * the packed and loose references.
 839          */
 840         packed_iter = refs_ref_iterator_begin(
 841                         refs->packed_ref_store, prefix, 0,
 842                         DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN);
 843
 844         overlay_iter = overlay_ref_iterator_begin(loose_iter, packed_iter);
 845
 846         iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
 847         ref_iterator = &iter->base;
 848         base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &files_ref_iterator_vtable,
 849                                overlay_iter->ordered);
 850         iter->iter0 = overlay_iter;
 851         iter->flags = flags;
 852
 853         return ref_iterator;
 854 }
 855
 856 /*
 857  * Verify that the reference locked by lock has the value old_oid
 858  * (unless it is NULL).  Fail if the reference doesn't exist and
 859  * mustexist is set. Return 0 on success. On error, write an error
 860  * message to err, set errno, and return a negative value.
 861  */
 862 static int verify_lock(struct ref_store *ref_store, struct ref_lock *lock,
 863                        const struct object_id *old_oid, int mustexist,
 864                        struct strbuf *err)
 865 {
 866         assert(err);
 867
 868         if (refs_read_ref_full(ref_store, lock->ref_name,
 869                                mustexist ? RESOLVE_REF_READING : 0,
 870                                &lock->old_oid, NULL)) {
 871                 if (old_oid) {
 872                         int save_errno = errno;
 873                         strbuf_addf(err, "can't verify ref '%s'", lock->ref_name);
 874                         errno = save_errno;
 875                         return -1;
 876                 } else {
 877                         oidclr(&lock->old_oid);
 878                         return 0;
 879                 }
 880         }
 881         if (old_oid && !oideq(&lock->old_oid, old_oid)) {
 882                 strbuf_addf(err, "ref '%s' is at %s but expected %s",
 883                             lock->ref_name,
 884                             oid_to_hex(&lock->old_oid),
 885                             oid_to_hex(old_oid));
 886                 errno = EBUSY;
 887                 return -1;
 888         }
 889         return 0;
 890 }
 891
 892 static int remove_empty_directories(struct strbuf *path)
 893 {
 894         /*
 895          * we want to create a file but there is a directory there;
 896          * if that is an empty directory (or a directory that contains
 897          * only empty directories), remove them.
 898          */
 899         return remove_dir_recursively(path, REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
 900 }
 901
 902 static int create_reflock(const char *path, void *cb)
 903 {
 904         struct lock_file *lk = cb;
 905
 906         return hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
 907                         lk, path, LOCK_NO_DEREF,
 908                         get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms()) < 0 ? -1 : 0;
 909 }
 910
 911 /*
 912  * Locks a ref returning the lock on success and NULL on failure.
 913  * On failure errno is set to something meaningful.
 914  */
 915 static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_oid_basic(struct files_ref_store *refs,
 916                                            const char *refname,
 917                                            const struct object_id *old_oid,
 918                                            const struct string_list *extras,
 919                                            const struct string_list *skip,
 920                                            unsigned int flags, int *type,
 921                                            struct strbuf *err)
 922 {
 923         struct strbuf ref_file = STRBUF_INIT;
 924         struct ref_lock *lock;
 925         int last_errno = 0;
 926         int mustexist = (old_oid && !is_null_oid(old_oid));
 927         int resolve_flags = RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE;
 928         int resolved;
 929
 930         files_assert_main_repository(refs, "lock_ref_oid_basic");
 931         assert(err);
 932
 933         lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_lock));
 934
 935         if (mustexist)
 936                 resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_READING;
 937         if (flags & REF_DELETING)
 938                 resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME;
 939
 940         files_ref_path(refs, &ref_file, refname);
 941         resolved = !!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base,
 942                                              refname, resolve_flags,
 943                                              &lock->old_oid, type);
 944         if (!resolved && errno == EISDIR) {
 945                 /*
 946                  * we are trying to lock foo but we used to
 947                  * have foo/bar which now does not exist;
 948                  * it is normal for the empty directory 'foo'
 949                  * to remain.
 950                  */
 951                 if (remove_empty_directories(&ref_file)) {
 952                         last_errno = errno;
 953                         if (!refs_verify_refname_available(
 954                                             &refs->base,
 955                                             refname, extras, skip, err))
 956                                 strbuf_addf(err, "there are still refs under '%s'",
 957                                             refname);
 958                         goto error_return;
 959                 }
 960                 resolved = !!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base,
 961                                                      refname, resolve_flags,
 962                                                      &lock->old_oid, type);
 963         }
 964         if (!resolved) {
 965                 last_errno = errno;
 966                 if (last_errno != ENOTDIR ||
 967                     !refs_verify_refname_available(&refs->base, refname,
 968                                                    extras, skip, err))
 969                         strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s': %s",
 970                                     refname, strerror(last_errno));
 971
 972                 goto error_return;
 973         }
 974
 975         /*
 976          * If the ref did not exist and we are creating it, make sure
 977          * there is no existing packed ref whose name begins with our
 978          * refname, nor a packed ref whose name is a proper prefix of
 979          * our refname.
 980          */
 981         if (is_null_oid(&lock->old_oid) &&
 982             refs_verify_refname_available(refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
 983                                           extras, skip, err)) {
 984                 last_errno = ENOTDIR;
 985                 goto error_return;
 986         }
 987
 988         lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
 989
 990         if (raceproof_create_file(ref_file.buf, create_reflock, &lock->lk)) {
 991                 last_errno = errno;
 992                 unable_to_lock_message(ref_file.buf, errno, err);
 993                 goto error_return;
 994         }
 995
 996         if (verify_lock(&refs->base, lock, old_oid, mustexist, err)) {
 997                 last_errno = errno;
 998                 goto error_return;
 999         }
1000         goto out;
1001
1002  error_return:
1003         unlock_ref(lock);
1004         lock = NULL;
1005
1006  out:
1007         strbuf_release(&ref_file);
1008         errno = last_errno;
1009         return lock;
1010 }
1011
1012 struct ref_to_prune {
1013         struct ref_to_prune *next;
1014         struct object_id oid;
1015         char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
1016 };
1017
1018 enum {
1019         REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF = 0x01,
1020         REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG = 0x02
1021 };
1022
1023 /*
1024  * Remove empty parent directories associated with the specified
1025  * reference and/or its reflog, but spare [logs/]refs/ and immediate
1026  * subdirs. flags is a combination of REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF and/or
1027  * REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG.
1028  */
1029 static void try_remove_empty_parents(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1030                                      const char *refname,
1031                                      unsigned int flags)
1032 {
1033         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1034         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1035         char *p, *q;
1036         int i;
1037
1038         strbuf_addstr(&buf, refname);
1039         p = buf.buf;
1040         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) { /* refs/{heads,tags,...}/ */
1041                 while (*p && *p != '/')
1042                         p++;
1043                 /* tolerate duplicate slashes; see check_refname_format() */
1044                 while (*p == '/')
1045                         p++;
1046         }
1047         q = buf.buf + buf.len;
1048         while (flags & (REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF | REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG)) {
1049                 while (q > p && *q != '/')
1050                         q--;
1051                 while (q > p && *(q-1) == '/')
1052                         q--;
1053                 if (q == p)
1054                         break;
1055                 strbuf_setlen(&buf, q - buf.buf);
1056
1057                 strbuf_reset(&sb);
1058                 files_ref_path(refs, &sb, buf.buf);
1059                 if ((flags & REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF) && rmdir(sb.buf))
1060                         flags &= ~REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF;
1061
1062                 strbuf_reset(&sb);
1063                 files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, buf.buf);
1064                 if ((flags & REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG) && rmdir(sb.buf))
1065                         flags &= ~REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG;
1066         }
1067         strbuf_release(&buf);
1068         strbuf_release(&sb);
1069 }
1070
1071 /* make sure nobody touched the ref, and unlink */
1072 static void prune_ref(struct files_ref_store *refs, struct ref_to_prune *r)
1073 {
1074         struct ref_transaction *transaction;
1075         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
1076         int ret = -1;
1077
1078         if (check_refname_format(r->name, 0))
1079                 return;
1080
1081         transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(&refs->base, &err);
1082         if (!transaction)
1083                 goto cleanup;
1084         ref_transaction_add_update(
1085                         transaction, r->name,
1086                         REF_NO_DEREF | REF_HAVE_NEW | REF_HAVE_OLD | REF_IS_PRUNING,
1087                         &null_oid, &r->oid, NULL);
1088         if (ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
1089                 goto cleanup;
1090
1091         ret = 0;
1092
1093 cleanup:
1094         if (ret)
1095                 error("%s", err.buf);
1096         strbuf_release(&err);
1097         ref_transaction_free(transaction);
1098         return;
1099 }
1100
1101 /*
1102  * Prune the loose versions of the references in the linked list
1103  * `*refs_to_prune`, freeing the entries in the list as we go.
1104  */
1105 static void prune_refs(struct files_ref_store *refs, struct ref_to_prune **refs_to_prune)
1106 {
1107         while (*refs_to_prune) {
1108                 struct ref_to_prune *r = *refs_to_prune;
1109                 *refs_to_prune = r->next;
1110                 prune_ref(refs, r);
1111                 free(r);
1112         }
1113 }
1114
1115 /*
1116  * Return true if the specified reference should be packed.
1117  */
1118 static int should_pack_ref(const char *refname,
1119                            const struct object_id *oid, unsigned int ref_flags,
1120                            unsigned int pack_flags)
1121 {
1122         /* Do not pack per-worktree refs: */
1123         if (ref_type(refname) != REF_TYPE_NORMAL)
1124                 return 0;
1125
1126         /* Do not pack non-tags unless PACK_REFS_ALL is set: */
1127         if (!(pack_flags & PACK_REFS_ALL) && !starts_with(refname, "refs/tags/"))
1128                 return 0;
1129
1130         /* Do not pack symbolic refs: */
1131         if (ref_flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
1132                 return 0;
1133
1134         /* Do not pack broken refs: */
1135         if (!ref_resolves_to_object(refname, oid, ref_flags))
1136                 return 0;
1137
1138         return 1;
1139 }
1140
1141 static int files_pack_refs(struct ref_store *ref_store, unsigned int flags)
1142 {
1143         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1144                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE | REF_STORE_ODB,
1145                                "pack_refs");
1146         struct ref_iterator *iter;
1147         int ok;
1148         struct ref_to_prune *refs_to_prune = NULL;
1149         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
1150         struct ref_transaction *transaction;
1151
1152         transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs->packed_ref_store, &err);
1153         if (!transaction)
1154                 return -1;
1155
1156         packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR, &err);
1157
1158         iter = cache_ref_iterator_begin(get_loose_ref_cache(refs), NULL, 0);
1159         while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
1160                 /*
1161                  * If the loose reference can be packed, add an entry
1162                  * in the packed ref cache. If the reference should be
1163                  * pruned, also add it to refs_to_prune.
1164                  */
1165                 if (!should_pack_ref(iter->refname, iter->oid, iter->flags,
1166                                      flags))
1167                         continue;
1168
1169                 /*
1170                  * Add a reference creation for this reference to the
1171                  * packed-refs transaction:
1172                  */
1173                 if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, iter->refname,
1174                                            iter->oid, NULL,
1175                                            REF_NO_DEREF, NULL, &err))
1176                         die("failure preparing to create packed reference %s: %s",
1177                             iter->refname, err.buf);
1178
1179                 /* Schedule the loose reference for pruning if requested. */
1180                 if ((flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE)) {
1181                         struct ref_to_prune *n;
1182                         FLEX_ALLOC_STR(n, name, iter->refname);
1183                         oidcpy(&n->oid, iter->oid);
1184                         n->next = refs_to_prune;
1185                         refs_to_prune = n;
1186                 }
1187         }
1188         if (ok != ITER_DONE)
1189                 die("error while iterating over references");
1190
1191         if (ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
1192                 die("unable to write new packed-refs: %s", err.buf);
1193
1194         ref_transaction_free(transaction);
1195
1196         packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
1197
1198         prune_refs(refs, &refs_to_prune);
1199         strbuf_release(&err);
1200         return 0;
1201 }
1202
1203 static int files_delete_refs(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *msg,
1204                              struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags)
1205 {
1206         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1207                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "delete_refs");
1208         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
1209         int i, result = 0;
1210
1211         if (!refnames->nr)
1212                 return 0;
1213
1214         if (packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, 0, &err))
1215                 goto error;
1216
1217         if (refs_delete_refs(refs->packed_ref_store, msg, refnames, flags)) {
1218                 packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
1219                 goto error;
1220         }
1221
1222         packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
1223
1224         for (i = 0; i < refnames->nr; i++) {
1225                 const char *refname = refnames->items[i].string;
1226
1227                 if (refs_delete_ref(&refs->base, msg, refname, NULL, flags))
1228                         result |= error(_("could not remove reference %s"), refname);
1229         }
1230
1231         strbuf_release(&err);
1232         return result;
1233
1234 error:
1235         /*
1236          * If we failed to rewrite the packed-refs file, then it is
1237          * unsafe to try to remove loose refs, because doing so might
1238          * expose an obsolete packed value for a reference that might
1239          * even point at an object that has been garbage collected.
1240          */
1241         if (refnames->nr == 1)
1242                 error(_("could not delete reference %s: %s"),
1243                       refnames->items[0].string, err.buf);
1244         else
1245                 error(_("could not delete references: %s"), err.buf);
1246
1247         strbuf_release(&err);
1248         return -1;
1249 }
1250
1251 /*
1252  * People using contrib's git-new-workdir have .git/logs/refs ->
1253  * /some/other/path/.git/logs/refs, and that may live on another device.
1254  *
1255  * IOW, to avoid cross device rename errors, the temporary renamed log must
1256  * live into logs/refs.
1257  */
1258 #define TMP_RENAMED_LOG  "refs/.tmp-renamed-log"
1259
1260 struct rename_cb {
1261         const char *tmp_renamed_log;
1262         int true_errno;
1263 };
1264
1265 static int rename_tmp_log_callback(const char *path, void *cb_data)
1266 {
1267         struct rename_cb *cb = cb_data;
1268
1269         if (rename(cb->tmp_renamed_log, path)) {
1270                 /*
1271                  * rename(a, b) when b is an existing directory ought
1272                  * to result in ISDIR, but Solaris 5.8 gives ENOTDIR.
1273                  * Sheesh. Record the true errno for error reporting,
1274                  * but report EISDIR to raceproof_create_file() so
1275                  * that it knows to retry.
1276                  */
1277                 cb->true_errno = errno;
1278                 if (errno == ENOTDIR)
1279                         errno = EISDIR;
1280                 return -1;
1281         } else {
1282                 return 0;
1283         }
1284 }
1285
1286 static int rename_tmp_log(struct files_ref_store *refs, const char *newrefname)
1287 {
1288         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
1289         struct strbuf tmp = STRBUF_INIT;
1290         struct rename_cb cb;
1291         int ret;
1292
1293         files_reflog_path(refs, &path, newrefname);
1294         files_reflog_path(refs, &tmp, TMP_RENAMED_LOG);
1295         cb.tmp_renamed_log = tmp.buf;
1296         ret = raceproof_create_file(path.buf, rename_tmp_log_callback, &cb);
1297         if (ret) {
1298                 if (errno == EISDIR)
1299                         error("directory not empty: %s", path.buf);
1300                 else
1301                         error("unable to move logfile %s to %s: %s",
1302                               tmp.buf, path.buf,
1303                               strerror(cb.true_errno));
1304         }
1305
1306         strbuf_release(&path);
1307         strbuf_release(&tmp);
1308         return ret;
1309 }
1310
1311 static int write_ref_to_lockfile(struct ref_lock *lock,
1312                                  const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *err);
1313 static int commit_ref_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1314                              struct ref_lock *lock,
1315                              const struct object_id *oid, const char *logmsg,
1316                              struct strbuf *err);
1317
1318 static int files_copy_or_rename_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1319                             const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
1320                             const char *logmsg, int copy)
1321 {
1322         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1323                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "rename_ref");
1324         struct object_id oid, orig_oid;
1325         int flag = 0, logmoved = 0;
1326         struct ref_lock *lock;
1327         struct stat loginfo;
1328         struct strbuf sb_oldref = STRBUF_INIT;
1329         struct strbuf sb_newref = STRBUF_INIT;
1330         struct strbuf tmp_renamed_log = STRBUF_INIT;
1331         int log, ret;
1332         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
1333
1334         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb_oldref, oldrefname);
1335         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb_newref, newrefname);
1336         files_reflog_path(refs, &tmp_renamed_log, TMP_RENAMED_LOG);
1337
1338         log = !lstat(sb_oldref.buf, &loginfo);
1339         if (log && S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode)) {
1340                 ret = error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldrefname);
1341                 goto out;
1342         }
1343
1344         if (!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base, oldrefname,
1345                                      RESOLVE_REF_READING | RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE,
1346                                 &orig_oid, &flag)) {
1347                 ret = error("refname %s not found", oldrefname);
1348                 goto out;
1349         }
1350
1351         if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
1352                 if (copy)
1353                         ret = error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, copying it is not supported",
1354                                     oldrefname);
1355                 else
1356                         ret = error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, renaming it is not supported",
1357                                     oldrefname);
1358                 goto out;
1359         }
1360         if (!refs_rename_ref_available(&refs->base, oldrefname, newrefname)) {
1361                 ret = 1;
1362                 goto out;
1363         }
1364
1365         if (!copy && log && rename(sb_oldref.buf, tmp_renamed_log.buf)) {
1366                 ret = error("unable to move logfile logs/%s to logs/"TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
1367                             oldrefname, strerror(errno));
1368                 goto out;
1369         }
1370
1371         if (copy && log && copy_file(tmp_renamed_log.buf, sb_oldref.buf, 0644)) {
1372                 ret = error("unable to copy logfile logs/%s to logs/"TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
1373                             oldrefname, strerror(errno));
1374                 goto out;
1375         }
1376
1377         if (!copy && refs_delete_ref(&refs->base, logmsg, oldrefname,
1378                             &orig_oid, REF_NO_DEREF)) {
1379                 error("unable to delete old %s", oldrefname);
1380                 goto rollback;
1381         }
1382
1383         /*
1384          * Since we are doing a shallow lookup, oid is not the
1385          * correct value to pass to delete_ref as old_oid. But that
1386          * doesn't matter, because an old_oid check wouldn't add to
1387          * the safety anyway; we want to delete the reference whatever
1388          * its current value.
1389          */
1390         if (!copy && !refs_read_ref_full(&refs->base, newrefname,
1391                                 RESOLVE_REF_READING | RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE,
1392                                 &oid, NULL) &&
1393             refs_delete_ref(&refs->base, NULL, newrefname,
1394                             NULL, REF_NO_DEREF)) {
1395                 if (errno == EISDIR) {
1396                         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
1397                         int result;
1398
1399                         files_ref_path(refs, &path, newrefname);
1400                         result = remove_empty_directories(&path);
1401                         strbuf_release(&path);
1402
1403                         if (result) {
1404                                 error("Directory not empty: %s", newrefname);
1405                                 goto rollback;
1406                         }
1407                 } else {
1408                         error("unable to delete existing %s", newrefname);
1409                         goto rollback;
1410                 }
1411         }
1412
1413         if (log && rename_tmp_log(refs, newrefname))
1414                 goto rollback;
1415
1416         logmoved = log;
1417
1418         lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, newrefname, NULL, NULL, NULL,
1419                                   REF_NO_DEREF, NULL, &err);
1420         if (!lock) {
1421                 if (copy)
1422                         error("unable to copy '%s' to '%s': %s", oldrefname, newrefname, err.buf);
1423                 else
1424                         error("unable to rename '%s' to '%s': %s", oldrefname, newrefname, err.buf);
1425                 strbuf_release(&err);
1426                 goto rollback;
1427         }
1428         oidcpy(&lock->old_oid, &orig_oid);
1429
1430         if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, &orig_oid, &err) ||
1431             commit_ref_update(refs, lock, &orig_oid, logmsg, &err)) {
1432                 error("unable to write current sha1 into %s: %s", newrefname, err.buf);
1433                 strbuf_release(&err);
1434                 goto rollback;
1435         }
1436
1437         ret = 0;
1438         goto out;
1439
1440  rollback:
1441         lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, oldrefname, NULL, NULL, NULL,
1442                                   REF_NO_DEREF, NULL, &err);
1443         if (!lock) {
1444                 error("unable to lock %s for rollback: %s", oldrefname, err.buf);
1445                 strbuf_release(&err);
1446                 goto rollbacklog;
1447         }
1448
1449         flag = log_all_ref_updates;
1450         log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_NONE;
1451         if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, &orig_oid, &err) ||
1452             commit_ref_update(refs, lock, &orig_oid, NULL, &err)) {
1453                 error("unable to write current sha1 into %s: %s", oldrefname, err.buf);
1454                 strbuf_release(&err);
1455         }
1456         log_all_ref_updates = flag;
1457
1458  rollbacklog:
1459         if (logmoved && rename(sb_newref.buf, sb_oldref.buf))
1460                 error("unable to restore logfile %s from %s: %s",
1461                         oldrefname, newrefname, strerror(errno));
1462         if (!logmoved && log &&
1463             rename(tmp_renamed_log.buf, sb_oldref.buf))
1464                 error("unable to restore logfile %s from logs/"TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
1465                         oldrefname, strerror(errno));
1466         ret = 1;
1467  out:
1468         strbuf_release(&sb_newref);
1469         strbuf_release(&sb_oldref);
1470         strbuf_release(&tmp_renamed_log);
1471
1472         return ret;
1473 }
1474
1475 static int files_rename_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1476                             const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
1477                             const char *logmsg)
1478 {
1479         return files_copy_or_rename_ref(ref_store, oldrefname,
1480                                  newrefname, logmsg, 0);
1481 }
1482
1483 static int files_copy_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1484                             const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
1485                             const char *logmsg)
1486 {
1487         return files_copy_or_rename_ref(ref_store, oldrefname,
1488                                  newrefname, logmsg, 1);
1489 }
1490
1491 static int close_ref_gently(struct ref_lock *lock)
1492 {
1493         if (close_lock_file_gently(&lock->lk))
1494                 return -1;
1495         return 0;
1496 }
1497
1498 static int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
1499 {
1500         char *path = get_locked_file_path(&lock->lk);
1501         struct stat st;
1502
1503         if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1504                 /*
1505                  * There is a directory at the path we want to rename
1506                  * the lockfile to. Hopefully it is empty; try to
1507                  * delete it.
1508                  */
1509                 size_t len = strlen(path);
1510                 struct strbuf sb_path = STRBUF_INIT;
1511
1512                 strbuf_attach(&sb_path, path, len, len);
1513
1514                 /*
1515                  * If this fails, commit_lock_file() will also fail
1516                  * and will report the problem.
1517                  */
1518                 remove_empty_directories(&sb_path);
1519                 strbuf_release(&sb_path);
1520         } else {
1521                 free(path);
1522         }
1523
1524         if (commit_lock_file(&lock->lk))
1525                 return -1;
1526         return 0;
1527 }
1528
1529 static int open_or_create_logfile(const char *path, void *cb)
1530 {
1531         int *fd = cb;
1532
1533         *fd = open(path, O_APPEND | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
1534         return (*fd < 0) ? -1 : 0;
1535 }
1536
1537 /*
1538  * Create a reflog for a ref. If force_create = 0, only create the
1539  * reflog for certain refs (those for which should_autocreate_reflog
1540  * returns non-zero). Otherwise, create it regardless of the reference
1541  * name. If the logfile already existed or was created, return 0 and
1542  * set *logfd to the file descriptor opened for appending to the file.
1543  * If no logfile exists and we decided not to create one, return 0 and
1544  * set *logfd to -1. On failure, fill in *err, set *logfd to -1, and
1545  * return -1.
1546  */
1547 static int log_ref_setup(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1548                          const char *refname, int force_create,
1549                          int *logfd, struct strbuf *err)
1550 {
1551         struct strbuf logfile_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1552         char *logfile;
1553
1554         files_reflog_path(refs, &logfile_sb, refname);
1555         logfile = strbuf_detach(&logfile_sb, NULL);
1556
1557         if (force_create || should_autocreate_reflog(refname)) {
1558                 if (raceproof_create_file(logfile, open_or_create_logfile, logfd)) {
1559                         if (errno == ENOENT)
1560                                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create directory for '%s': "
1561                                             "%s", logfile, strerror(errno));
1562                         else if (errno == EISDIR)
1563                                 strbuf_addf(err, "there are still logs under '%s'",
1564                                             logfile);
1565                         else
1566                                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
1567                                             logfile, strerror(errno));
1568
1569                         goto error;
1570                 }
1571         } else {
1572                 *logfd = open(logfile, O_APPEND | O_WRONLY, 0666);
1573                 if (*logfd < 0) {
1574                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EISDIR) {
1575                                 /*
1576                                  * The logfile doesn't already exist,
1577                                  * but that is not an error; it only
1578                                  * means that we won't write log
1579                                  * entries to it.
1580                                  */
1581                                 ;
1582                         } else {
1583                                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
1584                                             logfile, strerror(errno));
1585                                 goto error;
1586                         }
1587                 }
1588         }
1589
1590         if (*logfd >= 0)
1591                 adjust_shared_perm(logfile);
1592
1593         free(logfile);
1594         return 0;
1595
1596 error:
1597         free(logfile);
1598         return -1;
1599 }
1600
1601 static int files_create_reflog(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1602                                const char *refname, int force_create,
1603                                struct strbuf *err)
1604 {
1605         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1606                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "create_reflog");
1607         int fd;
1608
1609         if (log_ref_setup(refs, refname, force_create, &fd, err))
1610                 return -1;
1611
1612         if (fd >= 0)
1613                 close(fd);
1614
1615         return 0;
1616 }
1617
1618 static int log_ref_write_fd(int fd, const struct object_id *old_oid,
1619                             const struct object_id *new_oid,
1620                             const char *committer, const char *msg)
1621 {
1622         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1623         int ret = 0;
1624
1625         strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s %s %s", oid_to_hex(old_oid), oid_to_hex(new_oid), committer);
1626         if (msg && *msg)
1627                 copy_reflog_msg(&sb, msg);
1628         strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
1629         if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0)
1630                 ret = -1;
1631         strbuf_release(&sb);
1632         return ret;
1633 }
1634
1635 static int files_log_ref_write(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1636                                const char *refname, const struct object_id *old_oid,
1637                                const struct object_id *new_oid, const char *msg,
1638                                int flags, struct strbuf *err)
1639 {
1640         int logfd, result;
1641
1642         if (log_all_ref_updates == LOG_REFS_UNSET)
1643                 log_all_ref_updates = is_bare_repository() ? LOG_REFS_NONE : LOG_REFS_NORMAL;
1644
1645         result = log_ref_setup(refs, refname,
1646                                flags & REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG,
1647                                &logfd, err);
1648
1649         if (result)
1650                 return result;
1651
1652         if (logfd < 0)
1653                 return 0;
1654         result = log_ref_write_fd(logfd, old_oid, new_oid,
1655                                   git_committer_info(0), msg);
1656         if (result) {
1657                 struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1658                 int save_errno = errno;
1659
1660                 files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
1661                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
1662                             sb.buf, strerror(save_errno));
1663                 strbuf_release(&sb);
1664                 close(logfd);
1665                 return -1;
1666         }
1667         if (close(logfd)) {
1668                 struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1669                 int save_errno = errno;
1670
1671                 files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
1672                 strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
1673                             sb.buf, strerror(save_errno));
1674                 strbuf_release(&sb);
1675                 return -1;
1676         }
1677         return 0;
1678 }
1679
1680 /*
1681  * Write oid into the open lockfile, then close the lockfile. On
1682  * errors, rollback the lockfile, fill in *err and return -1.
1683  */
1684 static int write_ref_to_lockfile(struct ref_lock *lock,
1685                                  const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *err)
1686 {
1687         static char term = '\n';
1688         struct object *o;
1689         int fd;
1690
1691         o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
1692         if (!o) {
1693                 strbuf_addf(err,
1694                             "trying to write ref '%s' with nonexistent object %s",
1695                             lock->ref_name, oid_to_hex(oid));
1696                 unlock_ref(lock);
1697                 return -1;
1698         }
1699         if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(lock->ref_name)) {
1700                 strbuf_addf(err,
1701                             "trying to write non-commit object %s to branch '%s'",
1702                             oid_to_hex(oid), lock->ref_name);
1703                 unlock_ref(lock);
1704                 return -1;
1705         }
1706         fd = get_lock_file_fd(&lock->lk);
1707         if (write_in_full(fd, oid_to_hex(oid), the_hash_algo->hexsz) < 0 ||
1708             write_in_full(fd, &term, 1) < 0 ||
1709             close_ref_gently(lock) < 0) {
1710                 strbuf_addf(err,
1711                             "couldn't write '%s'", get_lock_file_path(&lock->lk));
1712                 unlock_ref(lock);
1713                 return -1;
1714         }
1715         return 0;
1716 }
1717
1718 /*
1719  * Commit a change to a loose reference that has already been written
1720  * to the loose reference lockfile. Also update the reflogs if
1721  * necessary, using the specified lockmsg (which can be NULL).
1722  */
1723 static int commit_ref_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1724                              struct ref_lock *lock,
1725                              const struct object_id *oid, const char *logmsg,
1726                              struct strbuf *err)
1727 {
1728         files_assert_main_repository(refs, "commit_ref_update");
1729
1730         clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
1731         if (files_log_ref_write(refs, lock->ref_name,
1732                                 &lock->old_oid, oid,
1733                                 logmsg, 0, err)) {
1734                 char *old_msg = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
1735                 strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update the ref '%s': %s",
1736                             lock->ref_name, old_msg);
1737                 free(old_msg);
1738                 unlock_ref(lock);
1739                 return -1;
1740         }
1741
1742         if (strcmp(lock->ref_name, "HEAD") != 0) {
1743                 /*
1744                  * Special hack: If a branch is updated directly and HEAD
1745                  * points to it (may happen on the remote side of a push
1746                  * for example) then logically the HEAD reflog should be
1747                  * updated too.
1748                  * A generic solution implies reverse symref information,
1749                  * but finding all symrefs pointing to the given branch
1750                  * would be rather costly for this rare event (the direct
1751                  * update of a branch) to be worth it.  So let's cheat and
1752                  * check with HEAD only which should cover 99% of all usage
1753                  * scenarios (even 100% of the default ones).
1754                  */
1755                 int head_flag;
1756                 const char *head_ref;
1757
1758                 head_ref = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base, "HEAD",
1759                                                    RESOLVE_REF_READING,
1760                                                    NULL, &head_flag);
1761                 if (head_ref && (head_flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
1762                     !strcmp(head_ref, lock->ref_name)) {
1763                         struct strbuf log_err = STRBUF_INIT;
1764                         if (files_log_ref_write(refs, "HEAD",
1765                                                 &lock->old_oid, oid,
1766                                                 logmsg, 0, &log_err)) {
1767                                 error("%s", log_err.buf);
1768                                 strbuf_release(&log_err);
1769                         }
1770                 }
1771         }
1772
1773         if (commit_ref(lock)) {
1774                 strbuf_addf(err, "couldn't set '%s'", lock->ref_name);
1775                 unlock_ref(lock);
1776                 return -1;
1777         }
1778
1779         unlock_ref(lock);
1780         return 0;
1781 }
1782
1783 static int create_ref_symlink(struct ref_lock *lock, const char *target)
1784 {
1785         int ret = -1;
1786 #ifndef NO_SYMLINK_HEAD
1787         char *ref_path = get_locked_file_path(&lock->lk);
1788         unlink(ref_path);
1789         ret = symlink(target, ref_path);
1790         free(ref_path);
1791
1792         if (ret)
1793                 fprintf(stderr, "no symlink - falling back to symbolic ref\n");
1794 #endif
1795         return ret;
1796 }
1797
1798 static void update_symref_reflog(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1799                                  struct ref_lock *lock, const char *refname,
1800                                  const char *target, const char *logmsg)
1801 {
1802         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
1803         struct object_id new_oid;
1804         if (logmsg &&
1805             !refs_read_ref_full(&refs->base, target,
1806                                 RESOLVE_REF_READING, &new_oid, NULL) &&
1807             files_log_ref_write(refs, refname, &lock->old_oid,
1808                                 &new_oid, logmsg, 0, &err)) {
1809                 error("%s", err.buf);
1810                 strbuf_release(&err);
1811         }
1812 }
1813
1814 static int create_symref_locked(struct files_ref_store *refs,
1815                                 struct ref_lock *lock, const char *refname,
1816                                 const char *target, const char *logmsg)
1817 {
1818         if (prefer_symlink_refs && !create_ref_symlink(lock, target)) {
1819                 update_symref_reflog(refs, lock, refname, target, logmsg);
1820                 return 0;
1821         }
1822
1823         if (!fdopen_lock_file(&lock->lk, "w"))
1824                 return error("unable to fdopen %s: %s",
1825                              lock->lk.tempfile->filename.buf, strerror(errno));
1826
1827         update_symref_reflog(refs, lock, refname, target, logmsg);
1828
1829         /* no error check; commit_ref will check ferror */
1830         fprintf(lock->lk.tempfile->fp, "ref: %s\n", target);
1831         if (commit_ref(lock) < 0)
1832                 return error("unable to write symref for %s: %s", refname,
1833                              strerror(errno));
1834         return 0;
1835 }
1836
1837 static int files_create_symref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1838                                const char *refname, const char *target,
1839                                const char *logmsg)
1840 {
1841         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1842                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "create_symref");
1843         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
1844         struct ref_lock *lock;
1845         int ret;
1846
1847         lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, refname, NULL,
1848                                   NULL, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF, NULL,
1849                                   &err);
1850         if (!lock) {
1851                 error("%s", err.buf);
1852                 strbuf_release(&err);
1853                 return -1;
1854         }
1855
1856         ret = create_symref_locked(refs, lock, refname, target, logmsg);
1857         unlock_ref(lock);
1858         return ret;
1859 }
1860
1861 static int files_reflog_exists(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1862                                const char *refname)
1863 {
1864         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1865                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "reflog_exists");
1866         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1867         struct stat st;
1868         int ret;
1869
1870         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
1871         ret = !lstat(sb.buf, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
1872         strbuf_release(&sb);
1873         return ret;
1874 }
1875
1876 static int files_delete_reflog(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1877                                const char *refname)
1878 {
1879         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1880                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "delete_reflog");
1881         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1882         int ret;
1883
1884         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
1885         ret = remove_path(sb.buf);
1886         strbuf_release(&sb);
1887         return ret;
1888 }
1889
1890 static int show_one_reflog_ent(struct strbuf *sb, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
1891 {
1892         struct object_id ooid, noid;
1893         char *email_end, *message;
1894         timestamp_t timestamp;
1895         int tz;
1896         const char *p = sb->buf;
1897
1898         /* old SP new SP name <email> SP time TAB msg LF */
1899         if (!sb->len || sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n' ||
1900             parse_oid_hex(p, &ooid, &p) || *p++ != ' ' ||
1901             parse_oid_hex(p, &noid, &p) || *p++ != ' ' ||
1902             !(email_end = strchr(p, '>')) ||
1903             email_end[1] != ' ' ||
1904             !(timestamp = parse_timestamp(email_end + 2, &message, 10)) ||
1905             !message || message[0] != ' ' ||
1906             (message[1] != '+' && message[1] != '-') ||
1907             !isdigit(message[2]) || !isdigit(message[3]) ||
1908             !isdigit(message[4]) || !isdigit(message[5]))
1909                 return 0; /* corrupt? */
1910         email_end[1] = '\0';
1911         tz = strtol(message + 1, NULL, 10);
1912         if (message[6] != '\t')
1913                 message += 6;
1914         else
1915                 message += 7;
1916         return fn(&ooid, &noid, p, timestamp, tz, message, cb_data);
1917 }
1918
1919 static char *find_beginning_of_line(char *bob, char *scan)
1920 {
1921         while (bob < scan && *(--scan) != '\n')
1922                 ; /* keep scanning backwards */
1923         /*
1924          * Return either beginning of the buffer, or LF at the end of
1925          * the previous line.
1926          */
1927         return scan;
1928 }
1929
1930 static int files_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(struct ref_store *ref_store,
1931                                              const char *refname,
1932                                              each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
1933                                              void *cb_data)
1934 {
1935         struct files_ref_store *refs =
1936                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ,
1937                                "for_each_reflog_ent_reverse");
1938         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
1939         FILE *logfp;
1940         long pos;
1941         int ret = 0, at_tail = 1;
1942
1943         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
1944         logfp = fopen(sb.buf, "r");
1945         strbuf_release(&sb);
1946         if (!logfp)
1947                 return -1;
1948
1949         /* Jump to the end */
1950         if (fseek(logfp, 0, SEEK_END) < 0)
1951                 ret = error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
1952                             refname, strerror(errno));
1953         pos = ftell(logfp);
1954         while (!ret && 0 < pos) {
1955                 int cnt;
1956                 size_t nread;
1957                 char buf[BUFSIZ];
1958                 char *endp, *scanp;
1959
1960                 /* Fill next block from the end */
1961                 cnt = (sizeof(buf) < pos) ? sizeof(buf) : pos;
1962                 if (fseek(logfp, pos - cnt, SEEK_SET)) {
1963                         ret = error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
1964                                     refname, strerror(errno));
1965                         break;
1966                 }
1967                 nread = fread(buf, cnt, 1, logfp);
1968                 if (nread != 1) {
1969                         ret = error("cannot read %d bytes from reflog for %s: %s",
1970                                     cnt, refname, strerror(errno));
1971                         break;
1972                 }
1973                 pos -= cnt;
1974
1975                 scanp = endp = buf + cnt;
1976                 if (at_tail && scanp[-1] == '\n')
1977                         /* Looking at the final LF at the end of the file */
1978                         scanp--;
1979                 at_tail = 0;
1980
1981                 while (buf < scanp) {
1982                         /*
1983                          * terminating LF of the previous line, or the beginning
1984                          * of the buffer.
1985                          */
1986                         char *bp;
1987
1988                         bp = find_beginning_of_line(buf, scanp);
1989
1990                         if (*bp == '\n') {
1991                                 /*
1992                                  * The newline is the end of the previous line,
1993                                  * so we know we have complete line starting
1994                                  * at (bp + 1). Prefix it onto any prior data
1995                                  * we collected for the line and process it.
1996                                  */
1997                                 strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, bp + 1, endp - (bp + 1));
1998                                 scanp = bp;
1999                                 endp = bp + 1;
2000                                 ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
2001                                 strbuf_reset(&sb);
2002                                 if (ret)
2003                                         break;
2004                         } else if (!pos) {
2005                                 /*
2006                                  * We are at the start of the buffer, and the
2007                                  * start of the file; there is no previous
2008                                  * line, and we have everything for this one.
2009                                  * Process it, and we can end the loop.
2010                                  */
2011                                 strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
2012                                 ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
2013                                 strbuf_reset(&sb);
2014                                 break;
2015                         }
2016
2017                         if (bp == buf) {
2018                                 /*
2019                                  * We are at the start of the buffer, and there
2020                                  * is more file to read backwards. Which means
2021                                  * we are in the middle of a line. Note that we
2022                                  * may get here even if *bp was a newline; that
2023                                  * just means we are at the exact end of the
2024                                  * previous line, rather than some spot in the
2025                                  * middle.
2026                                  *
2027                                  * Save away what we have to be combined with
2028                                  * the data from the next read.
2029                                  */
2030                                 strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
2031                                 break;
2032                         }
2033                 }
2034
2035         }
2036         if (!ret && sb.len)
2037                 BUG("reverse reflog parser had leftover data");
2038
2039         fclose(logfp);
2040         strbuf_release(&sb);
2041         return ret;
2042 }
2043
2044 static int files_for_each_reflog_ent(struct ref_store *ref_store,
2045                                      const char *refname,
2046                                      each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
2047 {
2048         struct files_ref_store *refs =
2049                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ,
2050                                "for_each_reflog_ent");
2051         FILE *logfp;
2052         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
2053         int ret = 0;
2054
2055         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
2056         logfp = fopen(sb.buf, "r");
2057         strbuf_release(&sb);
2058         if (!logfp)
2059                 return -1;
2060
2061         while (!ret && !strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, logfp, '\n'))
2062                 ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
2063         fclose(logfp);
2064         strbuf_release(&sb);
2065         return ret;
2066 }
2067
2068 struct files_reflog_iterator {
2069         struct ref_iterator base;
2070
2071         struct ref_store *ref_store;
2072         struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator;
2073         struct object_id oid;
2074 };
2075
2076 static int files_reflog_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
2077 {
2078         struct files_reflog_iterator *iter =
2079                 (struct files_reflog_iterator *)ref_iterator;
2080         struct dir_iterator *diter = iter->dir_iterator;
2081         int ok;
2082
2083         while ((ok = dir_iterator_advance(diter)) == ITER_OK) {
2084                 int flags;
2085
2086                 if (!S_ISREG(diter->st.st_mode))
2087                         continue;
2088                 if (diter->basename[0] == '.')
2089                         continue;
2090                 if (ends_with(diter->basename, ".lock"))
2091                         continue;
2092
2093                 if (refs_read_ref_full(iter->ref_store,
2094                                        diter->relative_path, 0,
2095                                        &iter->oid, &flags)) {
2096                         error("bad ref for %s", diter->path.buf);
2097                         continue;
2098                 }
2099
2100                 iter->base.refname = diter->relative_path;
2101                 iter->base.oid = &iter->oid;
2102                 iter->base.flags = flags;
2103                 return ITER_OK;
2104         }
2105
2106         iter->dir_iterator = NULL;
2107         if (ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator) == ITER_ERROR)
2108                 ok = ITER_ERROR;
2109         return ok;
2110 }
2111
2112 static int files_reflog_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
2113                                    struct object_id *peeled)
2114 {
2115         BUG("ref_iterator_peel() called for reflog_iterator");
2116 }
2117
2118 static int files_reflog_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
2119 {
2120         struct files_reflog_iterator *iter =
2121                 (struct files_reflog_iterator *)ref_iterator;
2122         int ok = ITER_DONE;
2123
2124         if (iter->dir_iterator)
2125                 ok = dir_iterator_abort(iter->dir_iterator);
2126
2127         base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
2128         return ok;
2129 }
2130
2131 static struct ref_iterator_vtable files_reflog_iterator_vtable = {
2132         files_reflog_iterator_advance,
2133         files_reflog_iterator_peel,
2134         files_reflog_iterator_abort
2135 };
2136
2137 static struct ref_iterator *reflog_iterator_begin(struct ref_store *ref_store,
2138                                                   const char *gitdir)
2139 {
2140         struct files_reflog_iterator *iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
2141         struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator = &iter->base;
2142         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
2143
2144         base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &files_reflog_iterator_vtable, 0);
2145         strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/logs", gitdir);
2146         iter->dir_iterator = dir_iterator_begin(sb.buf);
2147         iter->ref_store = ref_store;
2148         strbuf_release(&sb);
2149
2150         return ref_iterator;
2151 }
2152
2153 static enum iterator_selection reflog_iterator_select(
2154         struct ref_iterator *iter_worktree,
2155         struct ref_iterator *iter_common,
2156         void *cb_data)
2157 {
2158         if (iter_worktree) {
2159                 /*
2160                  * We're a bit loose here. We probably should ignore
2161                  * common refs if they are accidentally added as
2162                  * per-worktree refs.
2163                  */
2164                 return ITER_SELECT_0;
2165         } else if (iter_common) {
2166                 if (ref_type(iter_common->refname) == REF_TYPE_NORMAL)
2167                         return ITER_SELECT_1;
2168
2169                 /*
2170                  * The main ref store may contain main worktree's
2171                  * per-worktree refs, which should be ignored
2172                  */
2173                 return ITER_SKIP_1;
2174         } else
2175                 return ITER_DONE;
2176 }
2177
2178 static struct ref_iterator *files_reflog_iterator_begin(struct ref_store *ref_store)
2179 {
2180         struct files_ref_store *refs =
2181                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ,
2182                                "reflog_iterator_begin");
2183
2184         if (!strcmp(refs->gitdir, refs->gitcommondir)) {
2185                 return reflog_iterator_begin(ref_store, refs->gitcommondir);
2186         } else {
2187                 return merge_ref_iterator_begin(
2188                         0,
2189                         reflog_iterator_begin(ref_store, refs->gitdir),
2190                         reflog_iterator_begin(ref_store, refs->gitcommondir),
2191                         reflog_iterator_select, refs);
2192         }
2193 }
2194
2195 /*
2196  * If update is a direct update of head_ref (the reference pointed to
2197  * by HEAD), then add an extra REF_LOG_ONLY update for HEAD.
2198  */
2199 static int split_head_update(struct ref_update *update,
2200                              struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2201                              const char *head_ref,
2202                              struct string_list *affected_refnames,
2203                              struct strbuf *err)
2204 {
2205         struct string_list_item *item;
2206         struct ref_update *new_update;
2207
2208         if ((update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) ||
2209             (update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING) ||
2210             (update->flags & REF_UPDATE_VIA_HEAD))
2211                 return 0;
2212
2213         if (strcmp(update->refname, head_ref))
2214                 return 0;
2215
2216         /*
2217          * First make sure that HEAD is not already in the
2218          * transaction. This check is O(lg N) in the transaction
2219          * size, but it happens at most once per transaction.
2220          */
2221         if (string_list_has_string(affected_refnames, "HEAD")) {
2222                 /* An entry already existed */
2223                 strbuf_addf(err,
2224                             "multiple updates for 'HEAD' (including one "
2225                             "via its referent '%s') are not allowed",
2226                             update->refname);
2227                 return TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
2228         }
2229
2230         new_update = ref_transaction_add_update(
2231                         transaction, "HEAD",
2232                         update->flags | REF_LOG_ONLY | REF_NO_DEREF,
2233                         &update->new_oid, &update->old_oid,
2234                         update->msg);
2235
2236         /*
2237          * Add "HEAD". This insertion is O(N) in the transaction
2238          * size, but it happens at most once per transaction.
2239          * Add new_update->refname instead of a literal "HEAD".
2240          */
2241         if (strcmp(new_update->refname, "HEAD"))
2242                 BUG("%s unexpectedly not 'HEAD'", new_update->refname);
2243         item = string_list_insert(affected_refnames, new_update->refname);
2244         item->util = new_update;
2245
2246         return 0;
2247 }
2248
2249 /*
2250  * update is for a symref that points at referent and doesn't have
2251  * REF_NO_DEREF set. Split it into two updates:
2252  * - The original update, but with REF_LOG_ONLY and REF_NO_DEREF set
2253  * - A new, separate update for the referent reference
2254  * Note that the new update will itself be subject to splitting when
2255  * the iteration gets to it.
2256  */
2257 static int split_symref_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
2258                                struct ref_update *update,
2259                                const char *referent,
2260                                struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2261                                struct string_list *affected_refnames,
2262                                struct strbuf *err)
2263 {
2264         struct string_list_item *item;
2265         struct ref_update *new_update;
2266         unsigned int new_flags;
2267
2268         /*
2269          * First make sure that referent is not already in the
2270          * transaction. This check is O(lg N) in the transaction
2271          * size, but it happens at most once per symref in a
2272          * transaction.
2273          */
2274         if (string_list_has_string(affected_refnames, referent)) {
2275                 /* An entry already exists */
2276                 strbuf_addf(err,
2277                             "multiple updates for '%s' (including one "
2278                             "via symref '%s') are not allowed",
2279                             referent, update->refname);
2280                 return TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
2281         }
2282
2283         new_flags = update->flags;
2284         if (!strcmp(update->refname, "HEAD")) {
2285                 /*
2286                  * Record that the new update came via HEAD, so that
2287                  * when we process it, split_head_update() doesn't try
2288                  * to add another reflog update for HEAD. Note that
2289                  * this bit will be propagated if the new_update
2290                  * itself needs to be split.
2291                  */
2292                 new_flags |= REF_UPDATE_VIA_HEAD;
2293         }
2294
2295         new_update = ref_transaction_add_update(
2296                         transaction, referent, new_flags,
2297                         &update->new_oid, &update->old_oid,
2298                         update->msg);
2299
2300         new_update->parent_update = update;
2301
2302         /*
2303          * Change the symbolic ref update to log only. Also, it
2304          * doesn't need to check its old OID value, as that will be
2305          * done when new_update is processed.
2306          */
2307         update->flags |= REF_LOG_ONLY | REF_NO_DEREF;
2308         update->flags &= ~REF_HAVE_OLD;
2309
2310         /*
2311          * Add the referent. This insertion is O(N) in the transaction
2312          * size, but it happens at most once per symref in a
2313          * transaction. Make sure to add new_update->refname, which will
2314          * be valid as long as affected_refnames is in use, and NOT
2315          * referent, which might soon be freed by our caller.
2316          */
2317         item = string_list_insert(affected_refnames, new_update->refname);
2318         if (item->util)
2319                 BUG("%s unexpectedly found in affected_refnames",
2320                     new_update->refname);
2321         item->util = new_update;
2322
2323         return 0;
2324 }
2325
2326 /*
2327  * Return the refname under which update was originally requested.
2328  */
2329 static const char *original_update_refname(struct ref_update *update)
2330 {
2331         while (update->parent_update)
2332                 update = update->parent_update;
2333
2334         return update->refname;
2335 }
2336
2337 /*
2338  * Check whether the REF_HAVE_OLD and old_oid values stored in update
2339  * are consistent with oid, which is the reference's current value. If
2340  * everything is OK, return 0; otherwise, write an error message to
2341  * err and return -1.
2342  */
2343 static int check_old_oid(struct ref_update *update, struct object_id *oid,
2344                          struct strbuf *err)
2345 {
2346         if (!(update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) ||
2347                    oideq(oid, &update->old_oid))
2348                 return 0;
2349
2350         if (is_null_oid(&update->old_oid))
2351                 strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
2352                             "reference already exists",
2353                             original_update_refname(update));
2354         else if (is_null_oid(oid))
2355                 strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
2356                             "reference is missing but expected %s",
2357                             original_update_refname(update),
2358                             oid_to_hex(&update->old_oid));
2359         else
2360                 strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
2361                             "is at %s but expected %s",
2362                             original_update_refname(update),
2363                             oid_to_hex(oid),
2364                             oid_to_hex(&update->old_oid));
2365
2366         return -1;
2367 }
2368
2369 /*
2370  * Prepare for carrying out update:
2371  * - Lock the reference referred to by update.
2372  * - Read the reference under lock.
2373  * - Check that its old OID value (if specified) is correct, and in
2374  *   any case record it in update->lock->old_oid for later use when
2375  *   writing the reflog.
2376  * - If it is a symref update without REF_NO_DEREF, split it up into a
2377  *   REF_LOG_ONLY update of the symref and add a separate update for
2378  *   the referent to transaction.
2379  * - If it is an update of head_ref, add a corresponding REF_LOG_ONLY
2380  *   update of HEAD.
2381  */
2382 static int lock_ref_for_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
2383                                struct ref_update *update,
2384                                struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2385                                const char *head_ref,
2386                                struct string_list *affected_refnames,
2387                                struct strbuf *err)
2388 {
2389         struct strbuf referent = STRBUF_INIT;
2390         int mustexist = (update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) &&
2391                 !is_null_oid(&update->old_oid);
2392         int ret = 0;
2393         struct ref_lock *lock;
2394
2395         files_assert_main_repository(refs, "lock_ref_for_update");
2396
2397         if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && is_null_oid(&update->new_oid))
2398                 update->flags |= REF_DELETING;
2399
2400         if (head_ref) {
2401                 ret = split_head_update(update, transaction, head_ref,
2402                                         affected_refnames, err);
2403                 if (ret)
2404                         goto out;
2405         }
2406
2407         ret = lock_raw_ref(refs, update->refname, mustexist,
2408                            affected_refnames, NULL,
2409                            &lock, &referent,
2410                            &update->type, err);
2411         if (ret) {
2412                 char *reason;
2413
2414                 reason = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
2415                 strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': %s",
2416                             original_update_refname(update), reason);
2417                 free(reason);
2418                 goto out;
2419         }
2420
2421         update->backend_data = lock;
2422
2423         if (update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) {
2424                 if (update->flags & REF_NO_DEREF) {
2425                         /*
2426                          * We won't be reading the referent as part of
2427                          * the transaction, so we have to read it here
2428                          * to record and possibly check old_oid:
2429                          */
2430                         if (refs_read_ref_full(&refs->base,
2431                                                referent.buf, 0,
2432                                                &lock->old_oid, NULL)) {
2433                                 if (update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) {
2434                                         strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
2435                                                     "error reading reference",
2436                                                     original_update_refname(update));
2437                                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2438                                         goto out;
2439                                 }
2440                         } else if (check_old_oid(update, &lock->old_oid, err)) {
2441                                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2442                                 goto out;
2443                         }
2444                 } else {
2445                         /*
2446                          * Create a new update for the reference this
2447                          * symref is pointing at. Also, we will record
2448                          * and verify old_oid for this update as part
2449                          * of processing the split-off update, so we
2450                          * don't have to do it here.
2451                          */
2452                         ret = split_symref_update(refs, update,
2453                                                   referent.buf, transaction,
2454                                                   affected_refnames, err);
2455                         if (ret)
2456                                 goto out;
2457                 }
2458         } else {
2459                 struct ref_update *parent_update;
2460
2461                 if (check_old_oid(update, &lock->old_oid, err)) {
2462                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2463                         goto out;
2464                 }
2465
2466                 /*
2467                  * If this update is happening indirectly because of a
2468                  * symref update, record the old OID in the parent
2469                  * update:
2470                  */
2471                 for (parent_update = update->parent_update;
2472                      parent_update;
2473                      parent_update = parent_update->parent_update) {
2474                         struct ref_lock *parent_lock = parent_update->backend_data;
2475                         oidcpy(&parent_lock->old_oid, &lock->old_oid);
2476                 }
2477         }
2478
2479         if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) &&
2480             !(update->flags & REF_DELETING) &&
2481             !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY)) {
2482                 if (!(update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
2483                     oideq(&lock->old_oid, &update->new_oid)) {
2484                         /*
2485                          * The reference already has the desired
2486                          * value, so we don't need to write it.
2487                          */
2488                 } else if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, &update->new_oid,
2489                                                  err)) {
2490                         char *write_err = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
2491
2492                         /*
2493                          * The lock was freed upon failure of
2494                          * write_ref_to_lockfile():
2495                          */
2496                         update->backend_data = NULL;
2497                         strbuf_addf(err,
2498                                     "cannot update ref '%s': %s",
2499                                     update->refname, write_err);
2500                         free(write_err);
2501                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2502                         goto out;
2503                 } else {
2504                         update->flags |= REF_NEEDS_COMMIT;
2505                 }
2506         }
2507         if (!(update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT)) {
2508                 /*
2509                  * We didn't call write_ref_to_lockfile(), so
2510                  * the lockfile is still open. Close it to
2511                  * free up the file descriptor:
2512                  */
2513                 if (close_ref_gently(lock)) {
2514                         strbuf_addf(err, "couldn't close '%s.lock'",
2515                                     update->refname);
2516                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2517                         goto out;
2518                 }
2519         }
2520
2521 out:
2522         strbuf_release(&referent);
2523         return ret;
2524 }
2525
2526 struct files_transaction_backend_data {
2527         struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction;
2528         int packed_refs_locked;
2529 };
2530
2531 /*
2532  * Unlock any references in `transaction` that are still locked, and
2533  * mark the transaction closed.
2534  */
2535 static void files_transaction_cleanup(struct files_ref_store *refs,
2536                                       struct ref_transaction *transaction)
2537 {
2538         size_t i;
2539         struct files_transaction_backend_data *backend_data =
2540                 transaction->backend_data;
2541         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
2542
2543         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2544                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2545                 struct ref_lock *lock = update->backend_data;
2546
2547                 if (lock) {
2548                         unlock_ref(lock);
2549                         update->backend_data = NULL;
2550                 }
2551         }
2552
2553         if (backend_data->packed_transaction &&
2554             ref_transaction_abort(backend_data->packed_transaction, &err)) {
2555                 error("error aborting transaction: %s", err.buf);
2556                 strbuf_release(&err);
2557         }
2558
2559         if (backend_data->packed_refs_locked)
2560                 packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
2561
2562         free(backend_data);
2563
2564         transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
2565 }
2566
2567 static int files_transaction_prepare(struct ref_store *ref_store,
2568                                      struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2569                                      struct strbuf *err)
2570 {
2571         struct files_ref_store *refs =
2572                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE,
2573                                "ref_transaction_prepare");
2574         size_t i;
2575         int ret = 0;
2576         struct string_list affected_refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
2577         char *head_ref = NULL;
2578         int head_type;
2579         struct files_transaction_backend_data *backend_data;
2580         struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction = NULL;
2581
2582         assert(err);
2583
2584         if (!transaction->nr)
2585                 goto cleanup;
2586
2587         backend_data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*backend_data));
2588         transaction->backend_data = backend_data;
2589
2590         /*
2591          * Fail if a refname appears more than once in the
2592          * transaction. (If we end up splitting up any updates using
2593          * split_symref_update() or split_head_update(), those
2594          * functions will check that the new updates don't have the
2595          * same refname as any existing ones.) Also fail if any of the
2596          * updates use REF_IS_PRUNING without REF_NO_DEREF.
2597          */
2598         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2599                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2600                 struct string_list_item *item =
2601                         string_list_append(&affected_refnames, update->refname);
2602
2603                 if ((update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING) &&
2604                     !(update->flags & REF_NO_DEREF))
2605                         BUG("REF_IS_PRUNING set without REF_NO_DEREF");
2606
2607                 /*
2608                  * We store a pointer to update in item->util, but at
2609                  * the moment we never use the value of this field
2610                  * except to check whether it is non-NULL.
2611                  */
2612                 item->util = update;
2613         }
2614         string_list_sort(&affected_refnames);
2615         if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(&affected_refnames, err)) {
2616                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2617                 goto cleanup;
2618         }
2619
2620         /*
2621          * Special hack: If a branch is updated directly and HEAD
2622          * points to it (may happen on the remote side of a push
2623          * for example) then logically the HEAD reflog should be
2624          * updated too.
2625          *
2626          * A generic solution would require reverse symref lookups,
2627          * but finding all symrefs pointing to a given branch would be
2628          * rather costly for this rare event (the direct update of a
2629          * branch) to be worth it. So let's cheat and check with HEAD
2630          * only, which should cover 99% of all usage scenarios (even
2631          * 100% of the default ones).
2632          *
2633          * So if HEAD is a symbolic reference, then record the name of
2634          * the reference that it points to. If we see an update of
2635          * head_ref within the transaction, then split_head_update()
2636          * arranges for the reflog of HEAD to be updated, too.
2637          */
2638         head_ref = refs_resolve_refdup(ref_store, "HEAD",
2639                                        RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE,
2640                                        NULL, &head_type);
2641
2642         if (head_ref && !(head_type & REF_ISSYMREF)) {
2643                 FREE_AND_NULL(head_ref);
2644         }
2645
2646         /*
2647          * Acquire all locks, verify old values if provided, check
2648          * that new values are valid, and write new values to the
2649          * lockfiles, ready to be activated. Only keep one lockfile
2650          * open at a time to avoid running out of file descriptors.
2651          * Note that lock_ref_for_update() might append more updates
2652          * to the transaction.
2653          */
2654         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2655                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2656
2657                 ret = lock_ref_for_update(refs, update, transaction,
2658                                           head_ref, &affected_refnames, err);
2659                 if (ret)
2660                         goto cleanup;
2661
2662                 if (update->flags & REF_DELETING &&
2663                     !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) &&
2664                     !(update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING)) {
2665                         /*
2666                          * This reference has to be deleted from
2667                          * packed-refs if it exists there.
2668                          */
2669                         if (!packed_transaction) {
2670                                 packed_transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(
2671                                                 refs->packed_ref_store, err);
2672                                 if (!packed_transaction) {
2673                                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2674                                         goto cleanup;
2675                                 }
2676
2677                                 backend_data->packed_transaction =
2678                                         packed_transaction;
2679                         }
2680
2681                         ref_transaction_add_update(
2682                                         packed_transaction, update->refname,
2683                                         REF_HAVE_NEW | REF_NO_DEREF,
2684                                         &update->new_oid, NULL,
2685                                         NULL);
2686                 }
2687         }
2688
2689         if (packed_transaction) {
2690                 if (packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, 0, err)) {
2691                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2692                         goto cleanup;
2693                 }
2694                 backend_data->packed_refs_locked = 1;
2695
2696                 if (is_packed_transaction_needed(refs->packed_ref_store,
2697                                                  packed_transaction)) {
2698                         ret = ref_transaction_prepare(packed_transaction, err);
2699                         /*
2700                          * A failure during the prepare step will abort
2701                          * itself, but not free. Do that now, and disconnect
2702                          * from the files_transaction so it does not try to
2703                          * abort us when we hit the cleanup code below.
2704                          */
2705                         if (ret) {
2706                                 ref_transaction_free(packed_transaction);
2707                                 backend_data->packed_transaction = NULL;
2708                         }
2709                 } else {
2710                         /*
2711                          * We can skip rewriting the `packed-refs`
2712                          * file. But we do need to leave it locked, so
2713                          * that somebody else doesn't pack a reference
2714                          * that we are trying to delete.
2715                          *
2716                          * We need to disconnect our transaction from
2717                          * backend_data, since the abort (whether successful or
2718                          * not) will free it.
2719                          */
2720                         backend_data->packed_transaction = NULL;
2721                         if (ref_transaction_abort(packed_transaction, err)) {
2722                                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2723                                 goto cleanup;
2724                         }
2725                 }
2726         }
2727
2728 cleanup:
2729         free(head_ref);
2730         string_list_clear(&affected_refnames, 0);
2731
2732         if (ret)
2733                 files_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
2734         else
2735                 transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED;
2736
2737         return ret;
2738 }
2739
2740 static int files_transaction_finish(struct ref_store *ref_store,
2741                                     struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2742                                     struct strbuf *err)
2743 {
2744         struct files_ref_store *refs =
2745                 files_downcast(ref_store, 0, "ref_transaction_finish");
2746         size_t i;
2747         int ret = 0;
2748         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
2749         struct files_transaction_backend_data *backend_data;
2750         struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction;
2751
2752
2753         assert(err);
2754
2755         if (!transaction->nr) {
2756                 transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
2757                 return 0;
2758         }
2759
2760         backend_data = transaction->backend_data;
2761         packed_transaction = backend_data->packed_transaction;
2762
2763         /* Perform updates first so live commits remain referenced */
2764         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2765                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2766                 struct ref_lock *lock = update->backend_data;
2767
2768                 if (update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT ||
2769                     update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) {
2770                         if (files_log_ref_write(refs,
2771                                                 lock->ref_name,
2772                                                 &lock->old_oid,
2773                                                 &update->new_oid,
2774                                                 update->msg, update->flags,
2775                                                 err)) {
2776                                 char *old_msg = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
2777
2778                                 strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update the ref '%s': %s",
2779                                             lock->ref_name, old_msg);
2780                                 free(old_msg);
2781                                 unlock_ref(lock);
2782                                 update->backend_data = NULL;
2783                                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2784                                 goto cleanup;
2785                         }
2786                 }
2787                 if (update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT) {
2788                         clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
2789                         if (commit_ref(lock)) {
2790                                 strbuf_addf(err, "couldn't set '%s'", lock->ref_name);
2791                                 unlock_ref(lock);
2792                                 update->backend_data = NULL;
2793                                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2794                                 goto cleanup;
2795                         }
2796                 }
2797         }
2798
2799         /*
2800          * Now that updates are safely completed, we can perform
2801          * deletes. First delete the reflogs of any references that
2802          * will be deleted, since (in the unexpected event of an
2803          * error) leaving a reference without a reflog is less bad
2804          * than leaving a reflog without a reference (the latter is a
2805          * mildly invalid repository state):
2806          */
2807         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2808                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2809                 if (update->flags & REF_DELETING &&
2810                     !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) &&
2811                     !(update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING)) {
2812                         strbuf_reset(&sb);
2813                         files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, update->refname);
2814                         if (!unlink_or_warn(sb.buf))
2815                                 try_remove_empty_parents(refs, update->refname,
2816                                                          REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG);
2817                 }
2818         }
2819
2820         /*
2821          * Perform deletes now that updates are safely completed.
2822          *
2823          * First delete any packed versions of the references, while
2824          * retaining the packed-refs lock:
2825          */
2826         if (packed_transaction) {
2827                 ret = ref_transaction_commit(packed_transaction, err);
2828                 ref_transaction_free(packed_transaction);
2829                 packed_transaction = NULL;
2830                 backend_data->packed_transaction = NULL;
2831                 if (ret)
2832                         goto cleanup;
2833         }
2834
2835         /* Now delete the loose versions of the references: */
2836         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2837                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2838                 struct ref_lock *lock = update->backend_data;
2839
2840                 if (update->flags & REF_DELETING &&
2841                     !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY)) {
2842                         if (!(update->type & REF_ISPACKED) ||
2843                             update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) {
2844                                 /* It is a loose reference. */
2845                                 strbuf_reset(&sb);
2846                                 files_ref_path(refs, &sb, lock->ref_name);
2847                                 if (unlink_or_msg(sb.buf, err)) {
2848                                         ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2849                                         goto cleanup;
2850                                 }
2851                                 update->flags |= REF_DELETED_LOOSE;
2852                         }
2853                 }
2854         }
2855
2856         clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
2857
2858 cleanup:
2859         files_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
2860
2861         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2862                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2863
2864                 if (update->flags & REF_DELETED_LOOSE) {
2865                         /*
2866                          * The loose reference was deleted. Delete any
2867                          * empty parent directories. (Note that this
2868                          * can only work because we have already
2869                          * removed the lockfile.)
2870                          */
2871                         try_remove_empty_parents(refs, update->refname,
2872                                                  REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF);
2873                 }
2874         }
2875
2876         strbuf_release(&sb);
2877         return ret;
2878 }
2879
2880 static int files_transaction_abort(struct ref_store *ref_store,
2881                                    struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2882                                    struct strbuf *err)
2883 {
2884         struct files_ref_store *refs =
2885                 files_downcast(ref_store, 0, "ref_transaction_abort");
2886
2887         files_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
2888         return 0;
2889 }
2890
2891 static int ref_present(const char *refname,
2892                        const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data)
2893 {
2894         struct string_list *affected_refnames = cb_data;
2895
2896         return string_list_has_string(affected_refnames, refname);
2897 }
2898
2899 static int files_initial_transaction_commit(struct ref_store *ref_store,
2900                                             struct ref_transaction *transaction,
2901                                             struct strbuf *err)
2902 {
2903         struct files_ref_store *refs =
2904                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE,
2905                                "initial_ref_transaction_commit");
2906         size_t i;
2907         int ret = 0;
2908         struct string_list affected_refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
2909         struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction = NULL;
2910
2911         assert(err);
2912
2913         if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
2914                 BUG("commit called for transaction that is not open");
2915
2916         /* Fail if a refname appears more than once in the transaction: */
2917         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++)
2918                 string_list_append(&affected_refnames,
2919                                    transaction->updates[i]->refname);
2920         string_list_sort(&affected_refnames);
2921         if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(&affected_refnames, err)) {
2922                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2923                 goto cleanup;
2924         }
2925
2926         /*
2927          * It's really undefined to call this function in an active
2928          * repository or when there are existing references: we are
2929          * only locking and changing packed-refs, so (1) any
2930          * simultaneous processes might try to change a reference at
2931          * the same time we do, and (2) any existing loose versions of
2932          * the references that we are setting would have precedence
2933          * over our values. But some remote helpers create the remote
2934          * "HEAD" and "master" branches before calling this function,
2935          * so here we really only check that none of the references
2936          * that we are creating already exists.
2937          */
2938         if (refs_for_each_rawref(&refs->base, ref_present,
2939                                  &affected_refnames))
2940                 BUG("initial ref transaction called with existing refs");
2941
2942         packed_transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs->packed_ref_store, err);
2943         if (!packed_transaction) {
2944                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2945                 goto cleanup;
2946         }
2947
2948         for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
2949                 struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
2950
2951                 if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) &&
2952                     !is_null_oid(&update->old_oid))
2953                         BUG("initial ref transaction with old_sha1 set");
2954                 if (refs_verify_refname_available(&refs->base, update->refname,
2955                                                   &affected_refnames, NULL,
2956                                                   err)) {
2957                         ret = TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
2958                         goto cleanup;
2959                 }
2960
2961                 /*
2962                  * Add a reference creation for this reference to the
2963                  * packed-refs transaction:
2964                  */
2965                 ref_transaction_add_update(packed_transaction, update->refname,
2966                                            update->flags & ~REF_HAVE_OLD,
2967                                            &update->new_oid, &update->old_oid,
2968                                            NULL);
2969         }
2970
2971         if (packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, 0, err)) {
2972                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2973                 goto cleanup;
2974         }
2975
2976         if (initial_ref_transaction_commit(packed_transaction, err)) {
2977                 ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
2978         }
2979
2980         packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
2981 cleanup:
2982         if (packed_transaction)
2983                 ref_transaction_free(packed_transaction);
2984         transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
2985         string_list_clear(&affected_refnames, 0);
2986         return ret;
2987 }
2988
2989 struct expire_reflog_cb {
2990         unsigned int flags;
2991         reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn *should_prune_fn;
2992         void *policy_cb;
2993         FILE *newlog;
2994         struct object_id last_kept_oid;
2995 };
2996
2997 static int expire_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
2998                              const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
2999                              const char *message, void *cb_data)
3000 {
3001         struct expire_reflog_cb *cb = cb_data;
3002         struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *policy_cb = cb->policy_cb;
3003
3004         if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_REWRITE)
3005                 ooid = &cb->last_kept_oid;
3006
3007         if ((*cb->should_prune_fn)(ooid, noid, email, timestamp, tz,
3008                                    message, policy_cb)) {
3009                 if (!cb->newlog)
3010                         printf("would prune %s", message);
3011                 else if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
3012                         printf("prune %s", message);
3013         } else {
3014                 if (cb->newlog) {
3015                         fprintf(cb->newlog, "%s %s %s %"PRItime" %+05d\t%s",
3016                                 oid_to_hex(ooid), oid_to_hex(noid),
3017                                 email, timestamp, tz, message);
3018                         oidcpy(&cb->last_kept_oid, noid);
3019                 }
3020                 if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
3021                         printf("keep %s", message);
3022         }
3023         return 0;
3024 }
3025
3026 static int files_reflog_expire(struct ref_store *ref_store,
3027                                const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
3028                                unsigned int flags,
3029                                reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
3030                                reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
3031                                reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
3032                                void *policy_cb_data)
3033 {
3034         struct files_ref_store *refs =
3035                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "reflog_expire");
3036         struct lock_file reflog_lock = LOCK_INIT;
3037         struct expire_reflog_cb cb;
3038         struct ref_lock *lock;
3039         struct strbuf log_file_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
3040         char *log_file;
3041         int status = 0;
3042         int type;
3043         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
3044
3045         memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
3046         cb.flags = flags;
3047         cb.policy_cb = policy_cb_data;
3048         cb.should_prune_fn = should_prune_fn;
3049
3050         /*
3051          * The reflog file is locked by holding the lock on the
3052          * reference itself, plus we might need to update the
3053          * reference if --updateref was specified:
3054          */
3055         lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, refname, oid,
3056                                   NULL, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF,
3057                                   &type, &err);
3058         if (!lock) {
3059                 error("cannot lock ref '%s': %s", refname, err.buf);
3060                 strbuf_release(&err);
3061                 return -1;
3062         }
3063         if (!refs_reflog_exists(ref_store, refname)) {
3064                 unlock_ref(lock);
3065                 return 0;
3066         }
3067
3068         files_reflog_path(refs, &log_file_sb, refname);
3069         log_file = strbuf_detach(&log_file_sb, NULL);
3070         if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
3071                 /*
3072                  * Even though holding $GIT_DIR/logs/$reflog.lock has
3073                  * no locking implications, we use the lock_file
3074                  * machinery here anyway because it does a lot of the
3075                  * work we need, including cleaning up if the program
3076                  * exits unexpectedly.
3077                  */
3078                 if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&reflog_lock, log_file, 0) < 0) {
3079                         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
3080                         unable_to_lock_message(log_file, errno, &err);
3081                         error("%s", err.buf);
3082                         strbuf_release(&err);
3083                         goto failure;
3084                 }
3085                 cb.newlog = fdopen_lock_file(&reflog_lock, "w");
3086                 if (!cb.newlog) {
3087                         error("cannot fdopen %s (%s)",
3088                               get_lock_file_path(&reflog_lock), strerror(errno));
3089                         goto failure;
3090                 }
3091         }
3092
3093         (*prepare_fn)(refname, oid, cb.policy_cb);
3094         refs_for_each_reflog_ent(ref_store, refname, expire_reflog_ent, &cb);
3095         (*cleanup_fn)(cb.policy_cb);
3096
3097         if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
3098                 /*
3099                  * It doesn't make sense to adjust a reference pointed
3100                  * to by a symbolic ref based on expiring entries in
3101                  * the symbolic reference's reflog. Nor can we update
3102                  * a reference if there are no remaining reflog
3103                  * entries.
3104                  */
3105                 int update = (flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_UPDATE_REF) &&
3106                         !(type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
3107                         !is_null_oid(&cb.last_kept_oid);
3108
3109                 if (close_lock_file_gently(&reflog_lock)) {
3110                         status |= error("couldn't write %s: %s", log_file,
3111                                         strerror(errno));
3112                         rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
3113                 } else if (update &&
3114                            (write_in_full(get_lock_file_fd(&lock->lk),
3115                                 oid_to_hex(&cb.last_kept_oid), the_hash_algo->hexsz) < 0 ||
3116                             write_str_in_full(get_lock_file_fd(&lock->lk), "\n") < 0 ||
3117                             close_ref_gently(lock) < 0)) {
3118                         status |= error("couldn't write %s",
3119                                         get_lock_file_path(&lock->lk));
3120                         rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
3121                 } else if (commit_lock_file(&reflog_lock)) {
3122                         status |= error("unable to write reflog '%s' (%s)",
3123                                         log_file, strerror(errno));
3124                 } else if (update && commit_ref(lock)) {
3125                         status |= error("couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
3126                 }
3127         }
3128         free(log_file);
3129         unlock_ref(lock);
3130         return status;
3131
3132  failure:
3133         rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
3134         free(log_file);
3135         unlock_ref(lock);
3136         return -1;
3137 }
3138
3139 static int files_init_db(struct ref_store *ref_store, struct strbuf *err)
3140 {
3141         struct files_ref_store *refs =
3142                 files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "init_db");
3143         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
3144
3145         /*
3146          * Create .git/refs/{heads,tags}
3147          */
3148         files_ref_path(refs, &sb, "refs/heads");
3149         safe_create_dir(sb.buf, 1);
3150
3151         strbuf_reset(&sb);
3152         files_ref_path(refs, &sb, "refs/tags");
3153         safe_create_dir(sb.buf, 1);
3154
3155         strbuf_release(&sb);
3156         return 0;
3157 }
3158
3159 struct ref_storage_be refs_be_files = {
3160         NULL,
3161         "files",
3162         files_ref_store_create,
3163         files_init_db,
3164         files_transaction_prepare,
3165         files_transaction_finish,
3166         files_transaction_abort,
3167         files_initial_transaction_commit,
3168
3169         files_pack_refs,
3170         files_create_symref,
3171         files_delete_refs,
3172         files_rename_ref,
3173         files_copy_ref,
3174
3175         files_ref_iterator_begin,
3176         files_read_raw_ref,
3177
3178         files_reflog_iterator_begin,
3179         files_for_each_reflog_ent,
3180         files_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse,
3181         files_reflog_exists,
3182         files_create_reflog,
3183         files_delete_reflog,
3184         files_reflog_expire
3185 };