1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
6 #include "../run-command.h"
8 #include "win32/lazyload.h"
12 #define HCAST(type, handle) ((type)(intptr_t)handle)
14 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
16 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
20 case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
21 case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
22 case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
23 case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
24 case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
25 case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
26 case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
27 case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
28 case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
29 case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
30 case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
31 case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
32 case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
33 case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
34 case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
35 case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
36 case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
37 case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
38 case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
39 case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
40 case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
41 case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
42 case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
43 case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
44 case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
45 case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
46 case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
47 case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
48 case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
49 case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
50 case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
51 case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
52 case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
53 case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
54 case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
55 case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
56 case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
57 case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
58 case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
59 case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
60 case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
61 case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
62 case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
63 case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
64 case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
65 case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
66 case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
67 case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
68 case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
69 case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
70 case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
71 case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
72 case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
73 case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
74 case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
75 case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
76 case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
77 case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
78 case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
79 case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
80 case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
81 case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
82 case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
83 case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
84 case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
85 case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
86 case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
87 case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
88 case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
89 case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
90 case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
91 case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
92 case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
93 case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
94 case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
95 case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
96 case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
97 case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
98 case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
99 case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
100 case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
101 case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
102 case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
103 case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
104 case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
105 case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
106 case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
107 case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
108 case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
109 case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
110 case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
111 case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
112 case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
113 case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
114 case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
115 case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
116 case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
117 case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
118 case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
119 case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
120 case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
121 case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
122 case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
123 case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
124 case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
129 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
132 case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
133 case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
140 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
144 if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
145 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
146 int got_full_line = 0, c;
148 /* remove the newline */
149 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
150 answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
152 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
153 answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
156 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
158 while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
161 /* we could not read, return the
162 * default answer which is no */
165 if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
167 if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
169 if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
171 if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
174 /* did not find an answer we understand */
178 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
181 const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
184 va_start(args, format);
185 vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
188 if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
189 retry_hook[1] = question;
190 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
193 if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
198 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
200 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
203 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
204 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
209 enum hide_dotfiles_type {
210 HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE = 0,
212 HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY
215 static enum hide_dotfiles_type hide_dotfiles = HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY;
216 static char *unset_environment_variables;
218 int mingw_core_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
220 if (!strcmp(var, "core.hidedotfiles")) {
221 if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "dotgitonly"))
222 hide_dotfiles = HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY;
224 hide_dotfiles = git_config_bool(var, value);
228 if (!strcmp(var, "core.unsetenvvars")) {
229 free(unset_environment_variables);
230 unset_environment_variables = xstrdup(value);
237 /* Normalizes NT paths as returned by some low-level APIs. */
238 static wchar_t *normalize_ntpath(wchar_t *wbuf)
241 /* fix absolute path prefixes */
242 if (wbuf[0] == '\\') {
243 /* strip NT namespace prefixes */
244 if (!wcsncmp(wbuf, L"\\??\\", 4) ||
245 !wcsncmp(wbuf, L"\\\\?\\", 4))
247 else if (!wcsnicmp(wbuf, L"\\DosDevices\\", 12))
249 /* replace remaining '...UNC\' with '\\' */
250 if (!wcsnicmp(wbuf, L"UNC\\", 4)) {
255 /* convert backslashes to slashes */
256 for (i = 0; wbuf[i]; i++)
262 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
265 wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
266 if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
269 /* read-only files cannot be removed */
270 _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
271 while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
272 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
275 * We assume that some other process had the source or
276 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
277 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
278 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
279 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
284 while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
285 ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
286 "Should I try again?", pathname))
287 ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
291 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
293 WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
295 wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
297 wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
298 handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
299 if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
300 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
302 while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
303 !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
304 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
305 DWORD err = GetLastError();
307 return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
313 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
316 wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
317 if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
320 while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
321 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
322 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
325 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
330 * We assume that some other process had the source or
331 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
332 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
333 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
334 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
339 while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
340 ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
341 "Should I try again?", pathname))
342 ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
346 static inline int needs_hiding(const char *path)
348 const char *basename;
350 if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE)
353 /* We cannot use basename(), as it would remove trailing slashes */
354 win32_skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
358 for (basename = path; *path; path++)
359 if (is_dir_sep(*path)) {
362 } while (is_dir_sep(*path));
363 /* ignore trailing slashes */
368 if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE)
369 return *basename == '.';
371 assert(hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY);
372 return !strncasecmp(".git", basename, 4) &&
373 (!basename[4] || is_dir_sep(basename[4]));
376 static int set_hidden_flag(const wchar_t *path, int set)
378 DWORD original = GetFileAttributesW(path), modified;
380 modified = original | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
382 modified = original & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
383 if (original == modified || SetFileAttributesW(path, modified))
385 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
389 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
392 wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
394 if (!is_valid_win32_path(path)) {
399 if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
401 ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
402 if (!ret && needs_hiding(path))
403 return set_hidden_flag(wpath, 1);
408 * Calling CreateFile() using FILE_APPEND_DATA and without FILE_WRITE_DATA
409 * is documented in [1] as opening a writable file handle in append mode.
410 * (It is believed that) this is atomic since it is maintained by the
411 * kernel unlike the O_APPEND flag which is racily maintained by the CRT.
413 * [1] https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/fileio/file-access-rights-constants
415 * This trick does not appear to work for named pipes. Instead it creates
416 * a named pipe client handle that cannot be written to. Callers should
417 * just use the regular _wopen() for them. (And since client handle gets
418 * bound to a unique server handle, it isn't really an issue.)
420 static int mingw_open_append(wchar_t const *wfilename, int oflags, ...)
424 DWORD create = (oflags & O_CREAT) ? OPEN_ALWAYS : OPEN_EXISTING;
426 /* only these flags are supported */
427 if ((oflags & ~O_CREAT) != (O_WRONLY | O_APPEND))
428 return errno = ENOSYS, -1;
431 * FILE_SHARE_WRITE is required to permit child processes
432 * to append to the file.
434 handle = CreateFileW(wfilename, FILE_APPEND_DATA,
435 FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
436 NULL, create, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
437 if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
438 return errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError()), -1;
441 * No O_APPEND here, because the CRT uses it only to reset the
442 * file pointer to EOF before each write(); but that is not
443 * necessary (and may lead to races) for a file created with
446 fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
453 * Does the pathname map to the local named pipe filesystem?
454 * That is, does it have a "//./pipe/" prefix?
456 static int is_local_named_pipe_path(const char *filename)
458 return (is_dir_sep(filename[0]) &&
459 is_dir_sep(filename[1]) &&
460 filename[2] == '.' &&
461 is_dir_sep(filename[3]) &&
462 !strncasecmp(filename+4, "pipe", 4) &&
463 is_dir_sep(filename[8]) &&
467 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
469 typedef int (*open_fn_t)(wchar_t const *wfilename, int oflags, ...);
472 int fd, create = (oflags & (O_CREAT | O_EXCL)) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL);
473 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
476 va_start(args, oflags);
477 mode = va_arg(args, int);
480 if (!is_valid_win32_path(filename)) {
481 errno = create ? EINVAL : ENOENT;
485 if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
488 if ((oflags & O_APPEND) && !is_local_named_pipe_path(filename))
489 open_fn = mingw_open_append;
493 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
495 fd = open_fn(wfilename, oflags, mode);
497 if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && errno == EACCES) {
498 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
499 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
502 if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && needs_hiding(filename)) {
504 * Internally, _wopen() uses the CreateFile() API which errors
505 * out with an ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED if CREATE_ALWAYS was
506 * specified and an already existing file's attributes do not
507 * match *exactly*. As there is no mode or flag we can set that
508 * would correspond to FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN, let's just try
509 * again *without* the O_CREAT flag (that corresponds to the
510 * CREATE_ALWAYS flag of CreateFile()).
512 if (fd < 0 && errno == EACCES)
513 fd = open_fn(wfilename, oflags & ~O_CREAT, mode);
514 if (fd >= 0 && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
515 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
520 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
526 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
529 if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
530 return fgetc(stream);
532 SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
535 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
538 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
541 SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
546 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
548 int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
550 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
551 if (!is_valid_win32_path(filename)) {
552 int create = otype && strchr(otype, 'w');
553 errno = create ? EINVAL : ENOENT;
556 if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
558 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
559 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
561 if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
562 error("could not unhide %s", filename);
565 file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
566 if (!file && GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_NAME)
568 if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
569 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
573 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
575 int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
577 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
578 if (!is_valid_win32_path(filename)) {
579 int create = otype && strchr(otype, 'w');
580 errno = create ? EINVAL : ENOENT;
583 if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
585 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
586 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
588 if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
589 error("could not unhide %s", filename);
592 file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
593 if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
594 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
599 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
601 int ret = fflush(stream);
604 * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
605 * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
606 * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
607 * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
608 * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
609 * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
610 * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
611 * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
612 * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
614 if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
621 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
623 ssize_t result = write(fd, buf, len);
625 if (result < 0 && errno == EINVAL && buf) {
626 /* check if fd is a pipe */
627 HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
628 if (GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
637 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
639 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
640 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
642 /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
643 return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
646 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
648 wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
649 if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
651 return _wchdir(wdirname);
654 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
656 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
657 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
659 return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
663 * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
664 * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
666 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
668 long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
669 /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
670 return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
673 static inline void filetime_to_timespec(const FILETIME *ft, struct timespec *ts)
675 long long hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(ft);
676 ts->tv_sec = (time_t)(hnsec / 10000000);
677 ts->tv_nsec = (hnsec % 10000000) * 100;
681 * Verifies that safe_create_leading_directories() would succeed.
683 static int has_valid_directory_prefix(wchar_t *wfilename)
685 int n = wcslen(wfilename);
688 wchar_t c = wfilename[--n];
694 wfilename[n] = L'\0';
695 attributes = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
697 if (attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY ||
698 attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)
700 if (attributes == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
701 switch (GetLastError()) {
702 case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
704 case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
705 /* This implies parent directory exists. */
713 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
714 * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
715 * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
717 * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
718 * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
720 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
722 WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
723 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
724 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
727 if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
732 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
733 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
734 (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
735 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
736 filetime_to_timespec(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime), &(buf->st_atim));
737 filetime_to_timespec(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime), &(buf->st_mtim));
738 filetime_to_timespec(&(fdata.ftCreationTime), &(buf->st_ctim));
739 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
740 WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
741 HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
742 if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
743 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
744 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
746 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
747 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
749 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
751 buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
752 if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
753 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
760 switch (GetLastError()) {
761 case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
762 case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
763 case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
764 case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
767 case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
768 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
770 case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
773 case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
774 if (!has_valid_directory_prefix(wfilename)) {
786 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
787 * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
788 * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
789 * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
790 * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
792 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
795 char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
797 if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
800 /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
801 * try again without trailing slashes
806 namelen = strlen(file_name);
807 if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
809 while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
811 if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
814 memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
815 alt_name[namelen] = 0;
816 return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
819 static int get_file_info_by_handle(HANDLE hnd, struct stat *buf)
821 BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
823 if (!GetFileInformationByHandle(hnd, &fdata)) {
824 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
832 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
833 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
834 (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
835 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
836 filetime_to_timespec(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime), &(buf->st_atim));
837 filetime_to_timespec(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime), &(buf->st_mtim));
838 filetime_to_timespec(&(fdata.ftCreationTime), &(buf->st_ctim));
842 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
844 return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
846 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
848 return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
851 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
853 HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
854 DWORD avail, type = GetFileType(fh) & ~FILE_TYPE_REMOTE;
858 return get_file_info_by_handle(fh, buf);
862 /* initialize stat fields */
863 memset(buf, 0, sizeof(*buf));
866 if (type == FILE_TYPE_CHAR) {
867 buf->st_mode = _S_IFCHR;
869 buf->st_mode = _S_IFIFO;
870 if (PeekNamedPipe(fh, NULL, 0, NULL, &avail, NULL))
871 buf->st_size = avail;
881 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
883 long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
884 ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
885 ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
888 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
893 wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
894 if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
897 /* must have write permission */
898 attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
899 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
900 (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
901 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
902 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
905 if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
911 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
912 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
914 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
917 if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
925 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
926 (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
927 /* ignore errors again */
928 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
934 size_t mingw_strftime(char *s, size_t max,
935 const char *format, const struct tm *tm)
937 size_t ret = strftime(s, max, format, tm);
939 if (!ret && errno == EINVAL)
940 die("invalid strftime format: '%s'", format);
944 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
950 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
952 wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
953 if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
955 if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
957 if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
962 int mkstemp(char *template)
964 char *filename = mktemp(template);
965 if (filename == NULL)
967 return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
970 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
975 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
976 hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
977 tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
978 tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
982 int pipe(int filedes[2])
986 /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
987 if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
988 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
991 filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[0]), O_NOINHERIT);
992 if (filedes[0] < 0) {
997 filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[1]), O_NOINHERIT);
998 if (filedes[1] < 0) {
1006 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
1008 /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
1009 memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
1013 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
1015 /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
1016 memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
1020 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
1022 wchar_t cwd[MAX_PATH], wpointer[MAX_PATH];
1023 DWORD ret = GetCurrentDirectoryW(ARRAY_SIZE(cwd), cwd);
1025 if (!ret || ret >= ARRAY_SIZE(cwd)) {
1026 errno = ret ? ENAMETOOLONG : err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1029 ret = GetLongPathNameW(cwd, wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer));
1030 if (!ret && GetLastError() == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1031 HANDLE hnd = CreateFileW(cwd, 0,
1032 FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL,
1033 OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL);
1034 if (hnd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
1036 ret = GetFinalPathNameByHandleW(hnd, wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer), 0);
1038 if (!ret || ret >= ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer))
1040 if (xwcstoutf(pointer, normalize_ntpath(wpointer), len) < 0)
1044 if (!ret || ret >= ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer))
1046 if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
1048 convert_slashes(pointer);
1053 * See "Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments" at Microsoft's Docs:
1054 * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/parsing-cpp-command-line-arguments
1056 static const char *quote_arg_msvc(const char *arg)
1058 /* count chars to quote */
1060 int force_quotes = 0;
1062 const char *p = arg;
1063 if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
1065 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
1069 else if (*p == '\\') {
1071 while (*p == '\\') {
1076 if (*p == '"' || !*p)
1083 if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
1086 /* insert \ where necessary */
1087 d = q = xmalloc(st_add3(len, n, 3));
1092 else if (*arg == '\\') {
1094 while (*arg == '\\') {
1098 if (*arg == '"' || !*arg) {
1101 /* don't escape the surrounding end quote */
1116 static const char *quote_arg_msys2(const char *arg)
1118 struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1119 const char *p2 = arg, *p;
1121 for (p = arg; *p; p++) {
1122 int ws = isspace(*p);
1123 if (!ws && *p != '\\' && *p != '"' && *p != '{' && *p != '\'' &&
1124 *p != '?' && *p != '*' && *p != '~')
1127 strbuf_addch(&buf, '"');
1129 strbuf_add(&buf, p2, p - p2);
1130 if (*p == '\\' || *p == '"')
1131 strbuf_addch(&buf, '\\');
1136 strbuf_addch(&buf, '"');
1140 strbuf_add(&buf, p2, p - p2);
1142 strbuf_addch(&buf, '"');
1143 return strbuf_detach(&buf, 0);
1146 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
1148 static char buf[100];
1152 /* don't even try a .exe */
1154 if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
1157 fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
1160 n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
1162 if (n < 4) /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
1165 if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
1168 p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
1173 if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
1176 if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
1182 * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
1183 * (which do not have an extension)
1185 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, int dirlen, const char *cmd,
1186 int isexe, int exe_only)
1188 char path[MAX_PATH];
1189 snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%.*s\\%s.exe", dirlen, dir, cmd);
1191 if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1192 return xstrdup(path);
1193 path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
1194 if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1195 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1196 return xstrdup(path);
1201 * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
1202 * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
1204 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, int exe_only)
1208 int len = strlen(cmd);
1209 int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
1211 if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
1212 return xstrdup(cmd);
1214 path = mingw_getenv("PATH");
1219 const char *sep = strchrnul(path, ';');
1220 int dirlen = sep - path;
1222 prog = lookup_prog(path, dirlen, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
1231 static const wchar_t *wcschrnul(const wchar_t *s, wchar_t c)
1233 while (*s && *s != c)
1238 /* Compare only keys */
1239 static int wenvcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
1241 wchar_t *p = *(wchar_t **)a, *q = *(wchar_t **)b;
1242 size_t p_len, q_len;
1245 p_len = wcschrnul(p, L'=') - p;
1246 q_len = wcschrnul(q, L'=') - q;
1248 /* If the length differs, include the shorter key's NUL */
1251 else if (p_len > q_len)
1254 return _wcsnicmp(p, q, p_len);
1257 /* We need a stable sort to convert the environment between UTF-16 <-> UTF-8 */
1258 #ifndef INTERNAL_QSORT
1263 * Build an environment block combining the inherited environment
1264 * merged with the given list of settings.
1266 * Values of the form "KEY=VALUE" in deltaenv override inherited values.
1267 * Values of the form "KEY" in deltaenv delete inherited values.
1269 * Multiple entries in deltaenv for the same key are explicitly allowed.
1271 * We return a contiguous block of UNICODE strings with a final trailing
1274 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
1276 wchar_t *wenv = GetEnvironmentStringsW(), *wdeltaenv, *result, *p;
1277 size_t wlen, s, delta_size, size;
1279 wchar_t **array = NULL;
1280 size_t alloc = 0, nr = 0, i;
1282 size = 1; /* for extra NUL at the end */
1284 /* If there is no deltaenv to apply, simply return a copy. */
1285 if (!deltaenv || !*deltaenv) {
1286 for (p = wenv; p && *p; ) {
1287 size_t s = wcslen(p) + 1;
1292 ALLOC_ARRAY(result, size);
1293 memcpy(result, wenv, size * sizeof(*wenv));
1294 FreeEnvironmentStringsW(wenv);
1299 * If there is a deltaenv, let's accumulate all keys into `array`,
1300 * sort them using the stable git_qsort() and then copy, skipping
1303 for (p = wenv; p && *p; ) {
1304 ALLOC_GROW(array, nr + 1, alloc);
1311 /* (over-)assess size needed for wchar version of deltaenv */
1312 for (delta_size = 0, i = 0; deltaenv[i]; i++)
1313 delta_size += strlen(deltaenv[i]) * 2 + 1;
1314 ALLOC_ARRAY(wdeltaenv, delta_size);
1316 /* convert the deltaenv, appending to array */
1317 for (i = 0, p = wdeltaenv; deltaenv[i]; i++) {
1318 ALLOC_GROW(array, nr + 1, alloc);
1319 wlen = xutftowcs(p, deltaenv[i], wdeltaenv + delta_size - p);
1324 git_qsort(array, nr, sizeof(*array), wenvcmp);
1325 ALLOC_ARRAY(result, size + delta_size);
1327 for (p = result, i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
1328 /* Skip any duplicate keys; last one wins */
1329 while (i + 1 < nr && !wenvcmp(array + i, array + i + 1))
1332 /* Skip "to delete" entry */
1333 if (!wcschr(array[i], L'='))
1336 size = wcslen(array[i]) + 1;
1337 memcpy(p, array[i], size * sizeof(*p));
1344 FreeEnvironmentStringsW(wenv);
1348 static void do_unset_environment_variables(void)
1351 char *p = unset_environment_variables;
1358 char *comma = strchr(p, ',');
1370 struct pinfo_t *next;
1374 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1375 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1377 /* Used to match and chomp off path components */
1378 static inline int match_last_path_component(const char *path, size_t *len,
1379 const char *component)
1381 size_t component_len = strlen(component);
1382 if (*len < component_len + 1 ||
1383 !is_dir_sep(path[*len - component_len - 1]) ||
1384 fspathncmp(path + *len - component_len, component, component_len))
1386 *len -= component_len + 1;
1387 /* chomp off repeated dir separators */
1388 while (*len > 0 && is_dir_sep(path[*len - 1]))
1393 static int is_msys2_sh(const char *cmd)
1398 if (!strcmp(cmd, "sh")) {
1399 static int ret = -1;
1405 p = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1409 size_t len = strlen(p);
1411 ret = match_last_path_component(p, &len, "sh.exe") &&
1412 match_last_path_component(p, &len, "bin") &&
1413 match_last_path_component(p, &len, "usr");
1419 if (ends_with(cmd, "\\sh.exe")) {
1423 sh = path_lookup("sh", 0);
1425 return !fspathcmp(cmd, sh);
1431 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1433 int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1436 PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1438 wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1439 unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1442 const char *(*quote_arg)(const char *arg) =
1443 is_msys2_sh(cmd ? cmd : *argv) ?
1444 quote_arg_msys2 : quote_arg_msvc;
1446 do_unset_environment_variables();
1448 /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1449 cons = CreateFileW(L"CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1450 FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1451 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1452 if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1453 /* There is no console associated with this process.
1454 * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1455 * would normally create a console window. But
1456 * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1457 * not need the console.
1458 * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1459 * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1460 * recognize that it has no console.
1462 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1464 /* There is already a console. If we specified
1465 * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1466 * disassociate the child from the console.
1467 * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1472 memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1474 si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1475 si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1476 si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1477 si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1479 if (*argv && !strcmp(cmd, *argv))
1481 else if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1483 if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1486 /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1487 strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1489 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1490 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1494 for (; *argv; argv++) {
1495 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1497 strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1498 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1499 if (quoted != *argv)
1503 ALLOC_ARRAY(wargs, st_add(st_mult(2, args.len), 1));
1504 xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1505 strbuf_release(&args);
1507 wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1509 memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1510 ret = CreateProcessW(*wcmd ? wcmd : NULL, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE,
1511 flags, wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1520 CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1523 * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1524 * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1525 * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1526 * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1527 * handle after the process terminated.
1528 * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1530 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1532 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1533 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1534 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1538 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1540 return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1543 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1545 return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1548 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1550 int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1553 char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1560 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1563 const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1564 char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
1571 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1572 fhin, fhout, fherr);
1578 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1579 fhin, fhout, fherr);
1585 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1587 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1593 prog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
1601 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1602 ALLOC_ARRAY(argv2, argc + 1);
1603 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1604 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1605 exec_id = trace2_exec(prog, argv2);
1606 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1609 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1611 trace2_exec_result(exec_id, status);
1614 trace2_exec_result(exec_id, -1);
1615 pid = 1; /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1622 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1624 /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1625 if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1629 exec_id = trace2_exec(cmd, (const char **)argv);
1630 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1632 trace2_exec_result(exec_id, -1);
1635 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1637 trace2_exec_result(exec_id, status);
1643 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1645 char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1648 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1656 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1658 if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1659 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1661 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1666 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1669 } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1670 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1682 * UTF-8 versions of getenv(), putenv() and unsetenv().
1683 * Internally, they use the CRT's stock UNICODE routines
1684 * to avoid data loss.
1686 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1688 #define GETENV_MAX_RETAIN 64
1689 static char *values[GETENV_MAX_RETAIN];
1690 static int value_counter;
1691 int len_key, len_value;
1694 wchar_t w_value[32768];
1696 if (!name || !*name)
1699 len_key = strlen(name) + 1;
1700 /* We cannot use xcalloc() here because that uses getenv() itself */
1701 w_key = calloc(len_key, sizeof(wchar_t));
1703 die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %u wchar_t's)", len_key);
1704 xutftowcs(w_key, name, len_key);
1705 len_value = GetEnvironmentVariableW(w_key, w_value, ARRAY_SIZE(w_value));
1706 if (!len_value && GetLastError() == ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND) {
1712 len_value = len_value * 3 + 1;
1713 /* We cannot use xcalloc() here because that uses getenv() itself */
1714 value = calloc(len_value, sizeof(char));
1716 die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %u bytes)", len_value);
1717 xwcstoutf(value, w_value, len_value);
1720 * We return `value` which is an allocated value and the caller is NOT
1721 * expecting to have to free it, so we keep a round-robin array,
1722 * invalidating the buffer after GETENV_MAX_RETAIN getenv() calls.
1724 free(values[value_counter]);
1725 values[value_counter++] = value;
1726 if (value_counter >= ARRAY_SIZE(values))
1732 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1735 wchar_t *wide, *equal;
1738 if (!namevalue || !*namevalue)
1741 size = strlen(namevalue) * 2 + 1;
1742 wide = calloc(size, sizeof(wchar_t));
1744 die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %u wchar_t's)", size);
1745 xutftowcs(wide, namevalue, size);
1746 equal = wcschr(wide, L'=');
1748 result = SetEnvironmentVariableW(wide, NULL);
1751 result = SetEnvironmentVariableW(wide, equal + 1);
1756 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1758 return result ? 0 : -1;
1761 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1764 static int initialized = 0;
1769 if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1770 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1773 atexit((void(*)(void)) WSACleanup);
1778 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1780 ensure_socket_initialization();
1781 return gethostname(name, namelen);
1784 #undef gethostbyname
1785 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1787 ensure_socket_initialization();
1788 return gethostbyname(host);
1792 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1793 const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1795 ensure_socket_initialization();
1796 return getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1799 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1804 ensure_socket_initialization();
1805 s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1806 if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1808 * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1809 * biased by WSABASEERR.
1810 * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1811 * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1812 * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1813 * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1814 * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1816 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1819 /* convert into a file descriptor */
1820 if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1822 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1829 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1831 SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1832 return connect(s, sa, sz);
1836 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1838 SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1839 return bind(s, sa, sz);
1843 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1845 SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1846 return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1850 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1852 SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1853 return shutdown(s, how);
1857 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1859 SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1860 return listen(s, backlog);
1864 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1868 SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1869 SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1871 /* convert into a file descriptor */
1872 if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1875 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1882 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1886 wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1887 if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1891 * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1892 * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1894 if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1896 if (errno != EEXIST)
1899 if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1901 /* TODO: translate more errors */
1902 gle = GetLastError();
1903 if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1904 (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1905 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1906 DWORD attrsold = GetFileAttributesW(wpold);
1907 if (attrsold == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES ||
1908 !(attrsold & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1910 else if (!_wrmdir(wpnew))
1914 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1915 SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1916 if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1918 gle = GetLastError();
1919 /* revert file attributes on failure */
1920 SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1923 if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1925 * We assume that some other process had the source or
1926 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1927 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1928 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1929 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1931 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1935 if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1936 ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1937 "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1945 * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1946 * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1947 * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1949 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1953 return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1956 /* See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724435.aspx */
1957 enum EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT {
1959 NameUserPrincipal = 8
1962 static char *get_extended_user_info(enum EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT type)
1964 DECLARE_PROC_ADDR(secur32.dll, BOOL, GetUserNameExW,
1965 enum EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT, LPCWSTR, PULONG);
1966 static wchar_t wbuffer[1024];
1969 if (!INIT_PROC_ADDR(GetUserNameExW))
1972 len = ARRAY_SIZE(wbuffer);
1973 if (GetUserNameExW(type, wbuffer, &len)) {
1974 char *converted = xmalloc((len *= 3));
1975 if (xwcstoutf(converted, wbuffer, len) >= 0)
1983 char *mingw_query_user_email(void)
1985 return get_extended_user_info(NameUserPrincipal);
1988 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1990 static unsigned initialized;
1991 static char user_name[100];
1992 static struct passwd *p;
1999 len = ARRAY_SIZE(buf);
2000 if (!GetUserNameW(buf, &len)) {
2005 if (xwcstoutf(user_name, buf, sizeof(user_name)) < 0) {
2010 p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
2011 p->pw_name = user_name;
2012 p->pw_gecos = get_extended_user_info(NameDisplay);
2014 p->pw_gecos = "unknown";
2021 static HANDLE timer_event;
2022 static HANDLE timer_thread;
2023 static int timer_interval;
2024 static int one_shot;
2025 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
2027 /* The timer works like this:
2028 * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
2029 * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
2030 * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
2032 * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
2033 * length to call the signal handler.
2036 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
2038 while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
2039 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
2046 static int start_timer_thread(void)
2048 timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
2050 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
2052 return errno = ENOMEM,
2053 error("cannot start timer thread");
2055 return errno = ENOMEM,
2056 error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
2060 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
2063 SetEvent(timer_event); /* tell thread to terminate */
2065 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 10000);
2066 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
2067 error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
2068 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
2069 error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
2071 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
2074 CloseHandle(timer_event);
2076 timer_thread = NULL;
2079 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
2081 return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
2084 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
2086 static const struct timeval zero;
2087 static int atexit_done;
2090 return errno = EINVAL,
2091 error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
2092 if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
2093 !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
2094 return errno = EINVAL,
2095 error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
2098 stop_timer_thread();
2100 if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
2101 is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
2104 timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
2105 one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
2107 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
2110 return start_timer_thread();
2113 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
2116 return errno = EINVAL,
2117 error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
2119 return errno = EINVAL,
2120 error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
2122 timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
2127 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
2139 sigint_fn = handler;
2143 return signal(sig, handler);
2150 int mingw_raise(int sig)
2154 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
2155 if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
2156 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
2157 exit(128 + SIGALRM);
2158 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
2163 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
2165 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
2169 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
2176 case SIGABRT_COMPAT:
2178 * The <signal.h> header in the MS C Runtime defines 8 signals
2179 * as being supported on the platform. Anything else causes an
2180 * "Invalid signal or error" (which in DEBUG builds causes the
2181 * Abort/Retry/Ignore dialog). We by-pass the CRT for things we
2182 * already know will fail.
2199 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
2201 wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
2202 if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
2203 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
2206 if (!CreateHardLinkW(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
2207 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
2213 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
2215 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
2222 if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
2223 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
2227 options &= ~WNOHANG;
2231 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
2232 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
2238 GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
2240 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2244 struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
2245 if (info->pid == pid) {
2246 CloseHandle(info->proc);
2247 *ppinfo = info->next;
2251 ppinfo = &info->next;
2254 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2265 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
2267 int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
2268 const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
2269 if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
2273 /* reserve space for \0 */
2278 while (upos < utflen) {
2279 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
2280 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
2283 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
2292 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
2293 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2295 c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
2296 c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2298 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2299 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2300 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2301 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2303 c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2304 c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2305 c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2307 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2308 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2309 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2310 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2311 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2312 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2313 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2314 /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2315 c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2316 c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2317 c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2318 c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2320 wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2321 wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2322 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2323 /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2326 /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2327 static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2328 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2330 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2337 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2339 if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2343 utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2350 static void setup_windows_environment(void)
2352 char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2354 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2356 if (!(tmp = getenv("TMP")))
2357 tmp = getenv("TEMP");
2359 setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2360 tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2366 * Convert all dir separators to forward slashes,
2367 * to help shell commands called from the Git
2368 * executable (by not mistaking the dir separators
2369 * for escape characters).
2371 convert_slashes(tmp);
2374 /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2375 if (!getenv("TERM"))
2376 setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
2378 /* calculate HOME if not set */
2379 if (!getenv("HOME")) {
2381 * try $HOMEDRIVE$HOMEPATH - the home share may be a network
2382 * location, thus also check if the path exists (i.e. is not
2385 if ((tmp = getenv("HOMEDRIVE"))) {
2386 struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
2387 strbuf_addstr(&buf, tmp);
2388 if ((tmp = getenv("HOMEPATH"))) {
2389 strbuf_addstr(&buf, tmp);
2390 if (is_directory(buf.buf))
2391 setenv("HOME", buf.buf, 1);
2393 tmp = NULL; /* use $USERPROFILE */
2395 strbuf_release(&buf);
2397 /* use $USERPROFILE if the home share is not available */
2398 if (!tmp && (tmp = getenv("USERPROFILE")))
2399 setenv("HOME", tmp, 1);
2403 int is_valid_win32_path(const char *path)
2405 int preceding_space_or_period = 0, i = 0, periods = 0;
2410 skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
2416 case '/': case '\\':
2417 /* cannot end in ` ` or `.`, except for `.` and `..` */
2418 if (preceding_space_or_period &&
2419 (i != periods || periods > 2))
2424 i = periods = preceding_space_or_period = 0;
2430 preceding_space_or_period = 1;
2433 case ':': /* DOS drive prefix was already skipped */
2434 case '<': case '>': case '"': case '|': case '?': case '*':
2435 /* illegal character */
2438 if (c > '\0' && c < '\x20')
2439 /* illegal character */
2442 preceding_space_or_period = 0;
2447 #if !defined(_MSC_VER)
2449 * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2450 * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2455 static NORETURN void die_startup(void)
2457 fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2461 static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2463 void *result = malloc(size);
2469 static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2471 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2472 return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2475 static void maybe_redirect_std_handle(const wchar_t *key, DWORD std_id, int fd,
2476 DWORD desired_access, DWORD flags)
2478 DWORD create_flag = fd ? OPEN_ALWAYS : OPEN_EXISTING;
2479 wchar_t buf[MAX_PATH];
2480 DWORD max = ARRAY_SIZE(buf);
2482 DWORD ret = GetEnvironmentVariableW(key, buf, max);
2484 if (!ret || ret >= max)
2487 /* make sure this does not leak into child processes */
2488 SetEnvironmentVariableW(key, NULL);
2489 if (!wcscmp(buf, L"off")) {
2491 handle = GetStdHandle(std_id);
2492 if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
2493 CloseHandle(handle);
2496 if (std_id == STD_ERROR_HANDLE && !wcscmp(buf, L"2>&1")) {
2497 handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
2498 if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
2500 handle = GetStdHandle(std_id);
2501 if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
2502 CloseHandle(handle);
2504 int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
2505 SetStdHandle(std_id, handle);
2507 /* do *not* close the new_fd: that would close stdout */
2511 handle = CreateFileW(buf, desired_access, 0, NULL, create_flag,
2513 if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
2514 int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
2515 SetStdHandle(std_id, handle);
2521 static void maybe_redirect_std_handles(void)
2523 maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDIN", STD_INPUT_HANDLE, 0,
2524 GENERIC_READ, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
2525 maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT", STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, 1,
2526 GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
2527 maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDERR", STD_ERROR_HANDLE, 2,
2528 GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING);
2538 * We implement wmain() and compile with -municode, which would
2539 * normally ignore main(), but we call the latter from the former
2540 * so that we can handle non-ASCII command-line parameters
2543 * To be more compatible with the core git code, we convert
2544 * argv into UTF8 and pass them directly to main().
2546 int wmain(int argc, const wchar_t **wargv)
2548 int i, maxlen, exit_status;
2549 char *buffer, **save;
2552 trace2_initialize_clock();
2556 _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG);
2559 #ifdef USE_MSVC_CRTDBG
2560 _CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF);
2564 maybe_redirect_std_handles();
2566 /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2567 maxlen = wcslen(wargv[0]);
2568 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2569 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2571 /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2572 maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2573 buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2576 * Create a UTF-8 version of w_argv. Also create a "save" copy
2577 * to remember all the string pointers because parse_options()
2578 * will remove claimed items from the argv that we pass down.
2580 ALLOC_ARRAY(argv, argc + 1);
2581 ALLOC_ARRAY(save, argc + 1);
2582 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2583 argv[i] = save[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2584 argv[i] = save[i] = NULL;
2587 /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2588 setup_windows_environment();
2590 unset_environment_variables = xstrdup("PERL5LIB");
2592 /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2593 InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2595 /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2597 _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2598 _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2599 _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2601 /* initialize Unicode console */
2604 /* invoke the real main() using our utf8 version of argv. */
2605 exit_status = main(argc, argv);
2607 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2615 int uname(struct utsname *buf)
2617 unsigned v = (unsigned)GetVersion();
2618 memset(buf, 0, sizeof(*buf));
2619 xsnprintf(buf->sysname, sizeof(buf->sysname), "Windows");
2620 xsnprintf(buf->release, sizeof(buf->release),
2621 "%u.%u", v & 0xff, (v >> 8) & 0xff);
2622 /* assuming NT variants only.. */
2623 xsnprintf(buf->version, sizeof(buf->version),
2624 "%u", (v >> 16) & 0x7fff);