1 /* key.c: basic authentication token and access key management
3 * Copyright (C) 2004-5 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/sched.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
17 #include <linux/err.h>
20 static kmem_cache_t *key_jar;
21 static key_serial_t key_serial_next = 3;
22 struct rb_root key_serial_tree; /* tree of keys indexed by serial */
23 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(key_serial_lock);
25 struct rb_root key_user_tree; /* tree of quota records indexed by UID */
26 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(key_user_lock);
28 static LIST_HEAD(key_types_list);
29 static DECLARE_RWSEM(key_types_sem);
31 static void key_cleanup(void *data);
32 static DECLARE_WORK(key_cleanup_task, key_cleanup, NULL);
34 /* we serialise key instantiation and link */
35 DECLARE_RWSEM(key_construction_sem);
37 /* any key who's type gets unegistered will be re-typed to this */
38 struct key_type key_type_dead = {
43 void __key_check(const struct key *key)
45 printk("__key_check: key %p {%08x} should be {%08x}\n",
46 key, key->magic, KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC);
51 /*****************************************************************************/
53 * get the key quota record for a user, allocating a new record if one doesn't
56 struct key_user *key_user_lookup(uid_t uid)
58 struct key_user *candidate = NULL, *user;
59 struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
63 p = &key_user_tree.rb_node;
64 spin_lock(&key_user_lock);
66 /* search the tree for a user record with a matching UID */
69 user = rb_entry(parent, struct key_user, node);
73 else if (uid > user->uid)
79 /* if we get here, we failed to find a match in the tree */
81 /* allocate a candidate user record if we don't already have
83 spin_unlock(&key_user_lock);
86 candidate = kmalloc(sizeof(struct key_user), GFP_KERNEL);
87 if (unlikely(!candidate))
90 /* the allocation may have scheduled, so we need to repeat the
91 * search lest someone else added the record whilst we were
96 /* if we get here, then the user record still hadn't appeared on the
97 * second pass - so we use the candidate record */
98 atomic_set(&candidate->usage, 1);
99 atomic_set(&candidate->nkeys, 0);
100 atomic_set(&candidate->nikeys, 0);
101 candidate->uid = uid;
102 candidate->qnkeys = 0;
103 candidate->qnbytes = 0;
104 spin_lock_init(&candidate->lock);
105 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&candidate->consq);
107 rb_link_node(&candidate->node, parent, p);
108 rb_insert_color(&candidate->node, &key_user_tree);
109 spin_unlock(&key_user_lock);
113 /* okay - we found a user record for this UID */
115 atomic_inc(&user->usage);
116 spin_unlock(&key_user_lock);
122 } /* end key_user_lookup() */
124 /*****************************************************************************/
126 * dispose of a user structure
128 void key_user_put(struct key_user *user)
130 if (atomic_dec_and_lock(&user->usage, &key_user_lock)) {
131 rb_erase(&user->node, &key_user_tree);
132 spin_unlock(&key_user_lock);
137 } /* end key_user_put() */
139 /*****************************************************************************/
141 * insert a key with a fixed serial number
143 static void __init __key_insert_serial(struct key *key)
145 struct rb_node *parent, **p;
149 p = &key_serial_tree.rb_node;
153 xkey = rb_entry(parent, struct key, serial_node);
155 if (key->serial < xkey->serial)
157 else if (key->serial > xkey->serial)
163 /* we've found a suitable hole - arrange for this key to occupy it */
164 rb_link_node(&key->serial_node, parent, p);
165 rb_insert_color(&key->serial_node, &key_serial_tree);
167 } /* end __key_insert_serial() */
169 /*****************************************************************************/
171 * assign a key the next unique serial number
172 * - we work through all the serial numbers between 2 and 2^31-1 in turn and
175 static inline void key_alloc_serial(struct key *key)
177 struct rb_node *parent, **p;
180 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
182 /* propose a likely serial number and look for a hole for it in the
183 * serial number tree */
184 key->serial = key_serial_next;
187 key_serial_next = key->serial + 1;
190 p = &key_serial_tree.rb_node;
194 xkey = rb_entry(parent, struct key, serial_node);
196 if (key->serial < xkey->serial)
198 else if (key->serial > xkey->serial)
205 /* we found a key with the proposed serial number - walk the tree from
206 * that point looking for the next unused serial number */
209 key->serial = key_serial_next;
212 key_serial_next = key->serial + 1;
214 if (!parent->rb_parent)
215 p = &key_serial_tree.rb_node;
216 else if (parent->rb_parent->rb_left == parent)
217 p = &parent->rb_parent->rb_left;
219 p = &parent->rb_parent->rb_right;
221 parent = rb_next(parent);
225 xkey = rb_entry(parent, struct key, serial_node);
226 if (key->serial < xkey->serial)
230 /* we've found a suitable hole - arrange for this key to occupy it */
232 rb_link_node(&key->serial_node, parent, p);
233 rb_insert_color(&key->serial_node, &key_serial_tree);
235 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
237 } /* end key_alloc_serial() */
239 /*****************************************************************************/
241 * allocate a key of the specified type
242 * - update the user's quota to reflect the existence of the key
243 * - called from a key-type operation with key_types_sem read-locked by either
244 * key_create_or_update() or by key_duplicate(); this prevents unregistration
246 * - upon return the key is as yet uninstantiated; the caller needs to either
247 * instantiate the key or discard it before returning
249 struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type, const char *desc,
250 uid_t uid, gid_t gid, key_perm_t perm,
253 struct key_user *user = NULL;
255 size_t desclen, quotalen;
257 key = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
261 desclen = strlen(desc) + 1;
262 quotalen = desclen + type->def_datalen;
264 /* get hold of the key tracking for this user */
265 user = key_user_lookup(uid);
269 /* check that the user's quota permits allocation of another key and
272 spin_lock(&user->lock);
273 if (user->qnkeys + 1 >= KEYQUOTA_MAX_KEYS &&
274 user->qnbytes + quotalen >= KEYQUOTA_MAX_BYTES
279 user->qnbytes += quotalen;
280 spin_unlock(&user->lock);
283 /* allocate and initialise the key and its description */
284 key = kmem_cache_alloc(key_jar, SLAB_KERNEL);
289 key->description = kmalloc(desclen, GFP_KERNEL);
290 if (!key->description)
293 memcpy(key->description, desc, desclen);
296 atomic_set(&key->usage, 1);
297 init_rwsem(&key->sem);
300 key->quotalen = quotalen;
301 key->datalen = type->def_datalen;
307 key->payload.data = NULL;
310 key->flags |= 1 << KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA;
312 memset(&key->type_data, 0, sizeof(key->type_data));
315 key->magic = KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC;
318 /* publish the key by giving it a serial number */
319 atomic_inc(&user->nkeys);
320 key_alloc_serial(key);
326 kmem_cache_free(key_jar, key);
329 spin_lock(&user->lock);
331 user->qnbytes -= quotalen;
332 spin_unlock(&user->lock);
336 key = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
340 spin_unlock(&user->lock);
342 key = ERR_PTR(-EDQUOT);
345 } /* end key_alloc() */
347 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_alloc);
349 /*****************************************************************************/
351 * reserve an amount of quota for the key's payload
353 int key_payload_reserve(struct key *key, size_t datalen)
355 int delta = (int) datalen - key->datalen;
360 /* contemplate the quota adjustment */
361 if (delta != 0 && test_bit(KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA, &key->flags)) {
362 spin_lock(&key->user->lock);
365 key->user->qnbytes + delta > KEYQUOTA_MAX_BYTES
370 key->user->qnbytes += delta;
371 key->quotalen += delta;
373 spin_unlock(&key->user->lock);
376 /* change the recorded data length if that didn't generate an error */
378 key->datalen = datalen;
382 } /* end key_payload_reserve() */
384 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_payload_reserve);
386 /*****************************************************************************/
388 * instantiate a key and link it into the target keyring atomically
389 * - called with the target keyring's semaphore writelocked
391 static int __key_instantiate_and_link(struct key *key,
405 down_write(&key_construction_sem);
407 /* can't instantiate twice */
408 if (!test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags)) {
409 /* instantiate the key */
410 ret = key->type->instantiate(key, data, datalen);
413 /* mark the key as being instantiated */
414 atomic_inc(&key->user->nikeys);
415 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags);
417 if (test_and_clear_bit(KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT, &key->flags))
420 /* and link it into the destination keyring */
422 ret = __key_link(keyring, key);
424 /* disable the authorisation key */
430 up_write(&key_construction_sem);
432 /* wake up anyone waiting for a key to be constructed */
434 wake_up_all(&request_key_conswq);
438 } /* end __key_instantiate_and_link() */
440 /*****************************************************************************/
442 * instantiate a key and link it into the target keyring atomically
444 int key_instantiate_and_link(struct key *key,
453 down_write(&keyring->sem);
455 ret = __key_instantiate_and_link(key, data, datalen, keyring, instkey);
458 up_write(&keyring->sem);
462 } /* end key_instantiate_and_link() */
464 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_instantiate_and_link);
466 /*****************************************************************************/
468 * negatively instantiate a key and link it into the target keyring atomically
470 int key_negate_and_link(struct key *key,
485 down_write(&keyring->sem);
487 down_write(&key_construction_sem);
489 /* can't instantiate twice */
490 if (!test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags)) {
491 /* mark the key as being negatively instantiated */
492 atomic_inc(&key->user->nikeys);
493 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE, &key->flags);
494 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags);
495 now = current_kernel_time();
496 key->expiry = now.tv_sec + timeout;
498 if (test_and_clear_bit(KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT, &key->flags))
503 /* and link it into the destination keyring */
505 ret = __key_link(keyring, key);
507 /* disable the authorisation key */
512 up_write(&key_construction_sem);
515 up_write(&keyring->sem);
517 /* wake up anyone waiting for a key to be constructed */
519 wake_up_all(&request_key_conswq);
523 } /* end key_negate_and_link() */
525 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_negate_and_link);
527 /*****************************************************************************/
529 * do cleaning up in process context so that we don't have to disable
530 * interrupts all over the place
532 static void key_cleanup(void *data)
538 /* look for a dead key in the tree */
539 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
541 for (_n = rb_first(&key_serial_tree); _n; _n = rb_next(_n)) {
542 key = rb_entry(_n, struct key, serial_node);
544 if (atomic_read(&key->usage) == 0)
548 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
552 /* we found a dead key - once we've removed it from the tree, we can
554 rb_erase(&key->serial_node, &key_serial_tree);
555 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
559 /* deal with the user's key tracking and quota */
560 if (test_bit(KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA, &key->flags)) {
561 spin_lock(&key->user->lock);
563 key->user->qnbytes -= key->quotalen;
564 spin_unlock(&key->user->lock);
567 atomic_dec(&key->user->nkeys);
568 if (test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags))
569 atomic_dec(&key->user->nikeys);
571 key_user_put(key->user);
573 /* now throw away the key memory */
574 if (key->type->destroy)
575 key->type->destroy(key);
577 kfree(key->description);
580 key->magic = KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC_X;
582 kmem_cache_free(key_jar, key);
584 /* there may, of course, be more than one key to destroy */
587 } /* end key_cleanup() */
589 /*****************************************************************************/
591 * dispose of a reference to a key
592 * - when all the references are gone, we schedule the cleanup task to come and
593 * pull it out of the tree in definite process context
595 void key_put(struct key *key)
600 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&key->usage))
601 schedule_work(&key_cleanup_task);
604 } /* end key_put() */
606 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_put);
608 /*****************************************************************************/
610 * find a key by its serial number
612 struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id)
617 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
619 /* search the tree for the specified key */
620 n = key_serial_tree.rb_node;
622 key = rb_entry(n, struct key, serial_node);
624 if (id < key->serial)
626 else if (id > key->serial)
633 key = ERR_PTR(-ENOKEY);
637 /* pretend it doesn't exist if it's dead */
638 if (atomic_read(&key->usage) == 0 ||
639 test_bit(KEY_FLAG_DEAD, &key->flags) ||
640 key->type == &key_type_dead)
643 /* this races with key_put(), but that doesn't matter since key_put()
644 * doesn't actually change the key
646 atomic_inc(&key->usage);
649 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
652 } /* end key_lookup() */
654 /*****************************************************************************/
656 * find and lock the specified key type against removal
657 * - we return with the sem readlocked
659 struct key_type *key_type_lookup(const char *type)
661 struct key_type *ktype;
663 down_read(&key_types_sem);
665 /* look up the key type to see if it's one of the registered kernel
667 list_for_each_entry(ktype, &key_types_list, link) {
668 if (strcmp(ktype->name, type) == 0)
669 goto found_kernel_type;
672 up_read(&key_types_sem);
673 ktype = ERR_PTR(-ENOKEY);
678 } /* end key_type_lookup() */
680 /*****************************************************************************/
684 void key_type_put(struct key_type *ktype)
686 up_read(&key_types_sem);
688 } /* end key_type_put() */
690 /*****************************************************************************/
692 * attempt to update an existing key
693 * - the key has an incremented refcount
694 * - we need to put the key if we get an error
696 static inline key_ref_t __key_update(key_ref_t key_ref,
697 const void *payload, size_t plen)
699 struct key *key = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref);
702 /* need write permission on the key to update it */
704 if (!key_permission(key_ref, KEY_WRITE))
708 if (!key->type->update)
711 down_write(&key->sem);
713 ret = key->type->update(key, payload, plen);
716 /* updating a negative key instantiates it */
717 clear_bit(KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE, &key->flags);
728 key_ref = ERR_PTR(ret);
731 } /* end __key_update() */
733 /*****************************************************************************/
735 * search the specified keyring for a key of the same description; if one is
736 * found, update it, otherwise add a new one
738 key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring_ref,
740 const char *description,
745 struct key_type *ktype;
746 struct key *keyring, *key = NULL;
751 /* look up the key type to see if it's one of the registered kernel
753 ktype = key_type_lookup(type);
755 key_ref = ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
759 key_ref = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
760 if (!ktype->match || !ktype->instantiate)
763 keyring = key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref);
767 down_write(&keyring->sem);
769 /* if we're going to allocate a new key, we're going to have
770 * to modify the keyring */
771 key_ref = ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
772 if (!key_permission(keyring_ref, KEY_WRITE))
775 /* search for an existing key of the same type and description in the
776 * destination keyring
778 key_ref = __keyring_search_one(keyring_ref, ktype, description, 0);
779 if (!IS_ERR(key_ref))
780 goto found_matching_key;
782 /* decide on the permissions we want */
783 perm = KEY_POS_VIEW | KEY_POS_SEARCH | KEY_POS_LINK;
784 perm |= KEY_USR_VIEW | KEY_USR_SEARCH | KEY_USR_LINK;
787 perm |= KEY_POS_READ | KEY_USR_READ;
789 if (ktype == &key_type_keyring || ktype->update)
790 perm |= KEY_USR_WRITE;
792 /* allocate a new key */
793 key = key_alloc(ktype, description, current->fsuid, current->fsgid,
796 key_ref = ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(key));
800 /* instantiate it and link it into the target keyring */
801 ret = __key_instantiate_and_link(key, payload, plen, keyring, NULL);
804 key_ref = ERR_PTR(ret);
808 key_ref = make_key_ref(key, is_key_possessed(keyring_ref));
811 up_write(&keyring->sem);
818 /* we found a matching key, so we're going to try to update it
819 * - we can drop the locks first as we have the key pinned
821 up_write(&keyring->sem);
824 key_ref = __key_update(key_ref, payload, plen);
827 } /* end key_create_or_update() */
829 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_create_or_update);
831 /*****************************************************************************/
835 int key_update(key_ref_t key_ref, const void *payload, size_t plen)
837 struct key *key = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref);
842 /* the key must be writable */
844 if (!key_permission(key_ref, KEY_WRITE))
847 /* attempt to update it if supported */
849 if (key->type->update) {
850 down_write(&key->sem);
851 ret = key->type->update(key, payload, plen);
854 /* updating a negative key instantiates it */
855 clear_bit(KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE, &key->flags);
863 } /* end key_update() */
865 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_update);
867 /*****************************************************************************/
869 * duplicate a key, potentially with a revised description
870 * - must be supported by the keytype (keyrings for instance can be duplicated)
872 struct key *key_duplicate(struct key *source, const char *desc)
880 desc = source->description;
882 down_read(&key_types_sem);
885 if (!source->type->duplicate)
888 /* allocate and instantiate a key */
889 key = key_alloc(source->type, desc, current->fsuid, current->fsgid,
894 down_read(&source->sem);
895 ret = key->type->duplicate(key, source);
896 up_read(&source->sem);
900 atomic_inc(&key->user->nikeys);
901 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags);
904 up_read(&key_types_sem);
911 up_read(&key_types_sem);
915 } /* end key_duplicate() */
917 /*****************************************************************************/
921 void key_revoke(struct key *key)
925 /* make sure no one's trying to change or use the key when we mark
927 down_write(&key->sem);
928 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_REVOKED, &key->flags);
931 } /* end key_revoke() */
933 EXPORT_SYMBOL(key_revoke);
935 /*****************************************************************************/
937 * register a type of key
939 int register_key_type(struct key_type *ktype)
945 down_write(&key_types_sem);
947 /* disallow key types with the same name */
948 list_for_each_entry(p, &key_types_list, link) {
949 if (strcmp(p->name, ktype->name) == 0)
954 list_add(&ktype->link, &key_types_list);
958 up_write(&key_types_sem);
961 } /* end register_key_type() */
963 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_key_type);
965 /*****************************************************************************/
967 * unregister a type of key
969 void unregister_key_type(struct key_type *ktype)
974 down_write(&key_types_sem);
976 /* withdraw the key type */
977 list_del_init(&ktype->link);
979 /* mark all the keys of this type dead */
980 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
982 for (_n = rb_first(&key_serial_tree); _n; _n = rb_next(_n)) {
983 key = rb_entry(_n, struct key, serial_node);
985 if (key->type == ktype)
986 key->type = &key_type_dead;
989 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
991 /* make sure everyone revalidates their keys */
994 /* we should now be able to destroy the payloads of all the keys of
995 * this type with impunity */
996 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
998 for (_n = rb_first(&key_serial_tree); _n; _n = rb_next(_n)) {
999 key = rb_entry(_n, struct key, serial_node);
1001 if (key->type == ktype) {
1003 ktype->destroy(key);
1004 memset(&key->payload, 0xbd, sizeof(key->payload));
1008 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
1009 up_write(&key_types_sem);
1011 } /* end unregister_key_type() */
1013 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_key_type);
1015 /*****************************************************************************/
1017 * initialise the key management stuff
1019 void __init key_init(void)
1021 /* allocate a slab in which we can store keys */
1022 key_jar = kmem_cache_create("key_jar", sizeof(struct key),
1023 0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1025 /* add the special key types */
1026 list_add_tail(&key_type_keyring.link, &key_types_list);
1027 list_add_tail(&key_type_dead.link, &key_types_list);
1028 list_add_tail(&key_type_user.link, &key_types_list);
1030 /* record the root user tracking */
1031 rb_link_node(&root_key_user.node,
1033 &key_user_tree.rb_node);
1035 rb_insert_color(&root_key_user.node,
1038 /* record root's user standard keyrings */
1039 key_check(&root_user_keyring);
1040 key_check(&root_session_keyring);
1042 __key_insert_serial(&root_user_keyring);
1043 __key_insert_serial(&root_session_keyring);
1045 keyring_publish_name(&root_user_keyring);
1046 keyring_publish_name(&root_session_keyring);
1048 /* link the two root keyrings together */
1049 key_link(&root_session_keyring, &root_user_keyring);
1051 } /* end key_init() */