1 #include <linux/module.h>
2 #include <linux/sched.h>
3 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
4 #include <linux/list.h>
5 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
7 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
8 #include <asm/alternative.h>
9 #include <asm/sections.h>
10 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
13 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
15 #define MAX_PATCH_LEN (255-1)
17 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
18 static int smp_alt_once;
20 static int __init bootonly(char *str)
25 __setup("smp-alt-boot", bootonly);
27 #define smp_alt_once 1
30 static int debug_alternative;
32 static int __init debug_alt(char *str)
34 debug_alternative = 1;
37 __setup("debug-alternative", debug_alt);
39 static int noreplace_smp;
41 static int __init setup_noreplace_smp(char *str)
46 __setup("noreplace-smp", setup_noreplace_smp);
48 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
49 static int noreplace_paravirt = 0;
51 static int __init setup_noreplace_paravirt(char *str)
53 noreplace_paravirt = 1;
56 __setup("noreplace-paravirt", setup_noreplace_paravirt);
59 #define DPRINTK(fmt, args...) if (debug_alternative) \
60 printk(KERN_DEBUG fmt, args)
63 /* Use inline assembly to define this because the nops are defined
64 as inline assembly strings in the include files and we cannot
65 get them easily into strings. */
66 asm("\t.section .rodata, \"a\"\nintelnops: "
67 GENERIC_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP2 GENERIC_NOP3 GENERIC_NOP4 GENERIC_NOP5 GENERIC_NOP6
68 GENERIC_NOP7 GENERIC_NOP8);
69 extern const unsigned char intelnops[];
70 static const unsigned char *const intel_nops[ASM_NOP_MAX+1] = {
75 intelnops + 1 + 2 + 3,
76 intelnops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4,
77 intelnops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5,
78 intelnops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6,
79 intelnops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7,
84 asm("\t.section .rodata, \"a\"\nk8nops: "
85 K8_NOP1 K8_NOP2 K8_NOP3 K8_NOP4 K8_NOP5 K8_NOP6
87 extern const unsigned char k8nops[];
88 static const unsigned char *const k8_nops[ASM_NOP_MAX+1] = {
94 k8nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4,
95 k8nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5,
96 k8nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6,
97 k8nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7,
102 asm("\t.section .rodata, \"a\"\nk7nops: "
103 K7_NOP1 K7_NOP2 K7_NOP3 K7_NOP4 K7_NOP5 K7_NOP6
105 extern const unsigned char k7nops[];
106 static const unsigned char *const k7_nops[ASM_NOP_MAX+1] = {
112 k7nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4,
113 k7nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5,
114 k7nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6,
115 k7nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7,
120 asm("\t.section .rodata, \"a\"\np6nops: "
121 P6_NOP1 P6_NOP2 P6_NOP3 P6_NOP4 P6_NOP5 P6_NOP6
123 extern const unsigned char p6nops[];
124 static const unsigned char *const p6_nops[ASM_NOP_MAX+1] = {
130 p6nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4,
131 p6nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5,
132 p6nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6,
133 p6nops + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7,
139 extern char __vsyscall_0;
140 static inline const unsigned char*const * find_nop_table(void)
142 return boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_INTEL ||
143 boot_cpu_data.x86 < 6 ? k8_nops : p6_nops;
146 #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
148 static const struct nop {
150 const unsigned char *const *noptable;
152 { X86_FEATURE_K8, k8_nops },
153 { X86_FEATURE_K7, k7_nops },
154 { X86_FEATURE_P4, p6_nops },
155 { X86_FEATURE_P3, p6_nops },
159 static const unsigned char*const * find_nop_table(void)
161 const unsigned char *const *noptable = intel_nops;
164 for (i = 0; noptypes[i].cpuid >= 0; i++) {
165 if (boot_cpu_has(noptypes[i].cpuid)) {
166 noptable = noptypes[i].noptable;
173 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
175 /* Use this to add nops to a buffer, then text_poke the whole buffer. */
176 static void add_nops(void *insns, unsigned int len)
178 const unsigned char *const *noptable = find_nop_table();
181 unsigned int noplen = len;
182 if (noplen > ASM_NOP_MAX)
183 noplen = ASM_NOP_MAX;
184 memcpy(insns, noptable[noplen], noplen);
190 extern struct alt_instr __alt_instructions[], __alt_instructions_end[];
191 extern u8 *__smp_locks[], *__smp_locks_end[];
193 /* Replace instructions with better alternatives for this CPU type.
194 This runs before SMP is initialized to avoid SMP problems with
195 self modifying code. This implies that assymetric systems where
196 APs have less capabilities than the boot processor are not handled.
197 Tough. Make sure you disable such features by hand. */
199 void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end)
202 char insnbuf[MAX_PATCH_LEN];
204 DPRINTK("%s: alt table %p -> %p\n", __FUNCTION__, start, end);
205 for (a = start; a < end; a++) {
206 u8 *instr = a->instr;
207 BUG_ON(a->replacementlen > a->instrlen);
208 BUG_ON(a->instrlen > sizeof(insnbuf));
209 if (!boot_cpu_has(a->cpuid))
212 /* vsyscall code is not mapped yet. resolve it manually. */
213 if (instr >= (u8 *)VSYSCALL_START && instr < (u8*)VSYSCALL_END) {
214 instr = __va(instr - (u8*)VSYSCALL_START + (u8*)__pa_symbol(&__vsyscall_0));
215 DPRINTK("%s: vsyscall fixup: %p => %p\n",
216 __FUNCTION__, a->instr, instr);
219 memcpy(insnbuf, a->replacement, a->replacementlen);
220 add_nops(insnbuf + a->replacementlen,
221 a->instrlen - a->replacementlen);
222 text_poke(instr, insnbuf, a->instrlen);
228 static void alternatives_smp_lock(u8 **start, u8 **end, u8 *text, u8 *text_end)
232 for (ptr = start; ptr < end; ptr++) {
237 text_poke(*ptr, ((unsigned char []){0xf0}), 1); /* add lock prefix */
241 static void alternatives_smp_unlock(u8 **start, u8 **end, u8 *text, u8 *text_end)
250 for (ptr = start; ptr < end; ptr++) {
255 text_poke(*ptr, insn, 1);
259 struct smp_alt_module {
260 /* what is this ??? */
264 /* ptrs to lock prefixes */
268 /* .text segment, needed to avoid patching init code ;) */
272 struct list_head next;
274 static LIST_HEAD(smp_alt_modules);
275 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(smp_alt);
277 void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
278 void *locks, void *locks_end,
279 void *text, void *text_end)
281 struct smp_alt_module *smp;
288 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_UP))
289 alternatives_smp_unlock(locks, locks_end,
294 smp = kzalloc(sizeof(*smp), GFP_KERNEL);
296 return; /* we'll run the (safe but slow) SMP code then ... */
301 smp->locks_end = locks_end;
303 smp->text_end = text_end;
304 DPRINTK("%s: locks %p -> %p, text %p -> %p, name %s\n",
305 __FUNCTION__, smp->locks, smp->locks_end,
306 smp->text, smp->text_end, smp->name);
308 spin_lock_irqsave(&smp_alt, flags);
309 list_add_tail(&smp->next, &smp_alt_modules);
310 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_UP))
311 alternatives_smp_unlock(smp->locks, smp->locks_end,
312 smp->text, smp->text_end);
313 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&smp_alt, flags);
316 void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod)
318 struct smp_alt_module *item;
321 if (smp_alt_once || noreplace_smp)
324 spin_lock_irqsave(&smp_alt, flags);
325 list_for_each_entry(item, &smp_alt_modules, next) {
326 if (mod != item->mod)
328 list_del(&item->next);
329 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&smp_alt, flags);
330 DPRINTK("%s: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, item->name);
334 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&smp_alt, flags);
337 void alternatives_smp_switch(int smp)
339 struct smp_alt_module *mod;
342 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
344 * A not yet fixed binutils section handling bug prevents
345 * alternatives-replacement from working reliably, so turn
348 printk("lockdep: not fixing up alternatives.\n");
352 if (noreplace_smp || smp_alt_once)
354 BUG_ON(!smp && (num_online_cpus() > 1));
356 spin_lock_irqsave(&smp_alt, flags);
358 printk(KERN_INFO "SMP alternatives: switching to SMP code\n");
359 clear_bit(X86_FEATURE_UP, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability);
360 clear_bit(X86_FEATURE_UP, cpu_data(0).x86_capability);
361 list_for_each_entry(mod, &smp_alt_modules, next)
362 alternatives_smp_lock(mod->locks, mod->locks_end,
363 mod->text, mod->text_end);
365 printk(KERN_INFO "SMP alternatives: switching to UP code\n");
366 set_bit(X86_FEATURE_UP, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability);
367 set_bit(X86_FEATURE_UP, cpu_data(0).x86_capability);
368 list_for_each_entry(mod, &smp_alt_modules, next)
369 alternatives_smp_unlock(mod->locks, mod->locks_end,
370 mod->text, mod->text_end);
372 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&smp_alt, flags);
377 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
378 void apply_paravirt(struct paravirt_patch_site *start,
379 struct paravirt_patch_site *end)
381 struct paravirt_patch_site *p;
382 char insnbuf[MAX_PATCH_LEN];
384 if (noreplace_paravirt)
387 for (p = start; p < end; p++) {
390 BUG_ON(p->len > MAX_PATCH_LEN);
391 /* prep the buffer with the original instructions */
392 memcpy(insnbuf, p->instr, p->len);
393 used = pv_init_ops.patch(p->instrtype, p->clobbers, insnbuf,
394 (unsigned long)p->instr, p->len);
396 BUG_ON(used > p->len);
398 /* Pad the rest with nops */
399 add_nops(insnbuf + used, p->len - used);
400 text_poke(p->instr, insnbuf, p->len);
403 extern struct paravirt_patch_site __start_parainstructions[],
404 __stop_parainstructions[];
405 #endif /* CONFIG_PARAVIRT */
407 void __init alternative_instructions(void)
411 /* The patching is not fully atomic, so try to avoid local interruptions
412 that might execute the to be patched code.
413 Other CPUs are not running. */
415 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MCE
419 local_irq_save(flags);
420 apply_alternatives(__alt_instructions, __alt_instructions_end);
422 /* switch to patch-once-at-boottime-only mode and free the
423 * tables in case we know the number of CPUs will never ever
425 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
426 if (num_possible_cpus() < 2)
432 if (1 == num_possible_cpus()) {
433 printk(KERN_INFO "SMP alternatives: switching to UP code\n");
434 set_bit(X86_FEATURE_UP, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability);
435 set_bit(X86_FEATURE_UP, cpu_data(0).x86_capability);
436 alternatives_smp_unlock(__smp_locks, __smp_locks_end,
440 alternatives_smp_module_add(NULL, "core kernel",
441 __smp_locks, __smp_locks_end,
443 alternatives_smp_switch(0);
446 apply_paravirt(__parainstructions, __parainstructions_end);
447 local_irq_restore(flags);
450 free_init_pages("SMP alternatives",
451 (unsigned long)__smp_locks,
452 (unsigned long)__smp_locks_end);
455 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MCE
462 * When you use this code to patch more than one byte of an instruction
463 * you need to make sure that other CPUs cannot execute this code in parallel.
464 * Also no thread must be currently preempted in the middle of these instructions.
465 * And on the local CPU you need to be protected again NMI or MCE handlers
466 * seeing an inconsistent instruction while you patch.
468 void __kprobes text_poke(void *addr, unsigned char *opcode, int len)
470 memcpy(addr, opcode, len);
472 /* Could also do a CLFLUSH here to speed up CPU recovery; but
473 that causes hangs on some VIA CPUs. */