3 * Written by Mark Hemment, 1996/97.
4 * (markhe@nextd.demon.co.uk)
6 * kmem_cache_destroy() + some cleanup - 1999 Andrea Arcangeli
8 * Major cleanup, different bufctl logic, per-cpu arrays
9 * (c) 2000 Manfred Spraul
11 * Cleanup, make the head arrays unconditional, preparation for NUMA
12 * (c) 2002 Manfred Spraul
14 * An implementation of the Slab Allocator as described in outline in;
15 * UNIX Internals: The New Frontiers by Uresh Vahalia
16 * Pub: Prentice Hall ISBN 0-13-101908-2
17 * or with a little more detail in;
18 * The Slab Allocator: An Object-Caching Kernel Memory Allocator
19 * Jeff Bonwick (Sun Microsystems).
20 * Presented at: USENIX Summer 1994 Technical Conference
22 * The memory is organized in caches, one cache for each object type.
23 * (e.g. inode_cache, dentry_cache, buffer_head, vm_area_struct)
24 * Each cache consists out of many slabs (they are small (usually one
25 * page long) and always contiguous), and each slab contains multiple
26 * initialized objects.
28 * This means, that your constructor is used only for newly allocated
29 * slabs and you must pass objects with the same intializations to
32 * Each cache can only support one memory type (GFP_DMA, GFP_HIGHMEM,
33 * normal). If you need a special memory type, then must create a new
34 * cache for that memory type.
36 * In order to reduce fragmentation, the slabs are sorted in 3 groups:
37 * full slabs with 0 free objects
39 * empty slabs with no allocated objects
41 * If partial slabs exist, then new allocations come from these slabs,
42 * otherwise from empty slabs or new slabs are allocated.
44 * kmem_cache_destroy() CAN CRASH if you try to allocate from the cache
45 * during kmem_cache_destroy(). The caller must prevent concurrent allocs.
47 * Each cache has a short per-cpu head array, most allocs
48 * and frees go into that array, and if that array overflows, then 1/2
49 * of the entries in the array are given back into the global cache.
50 * The head array is strictly LIFO and should improve the cache hit rates.
51 * On SMP, it additionally reduces the spinlock operations.
53 * The c_cpuarray may not be read with enabled local interrupts -
54 * it's changed with a smp_call_function().
56 * SMP synchronization:
57 * constructors and destructors are called without any locking.
58 * Several members in struct kmem_cache and struct slab never change, they
59 * are accessed without any locking.
60 * The per-cpu arrays are never accessed from the wrong cpu, no locking,
61 * and local interrupts are disabled so slab code is preempt-safe.
62 * The non-constant members are protected with a per-cache irq spinlock.
64 * Many thanks to Mark Hemment, who wrote another per-cpu slab patch
65 * in 2000 - many ideas in the current implementation are derived from
68 * Further notes from the original documentation:
70 * 11 April '97. Started multi-threading - markhe
71 * The global cache-chain is protected by the mutex 'cache_chain_mutex'.
72 * The sem is only needed when accessing/extending the cache-chain, which
73 * can never happen inside an interrupt (kmem_cache_create(),
74 * kmem_cache_shrink() and kmem_cache_reap()).
76 * At present, each engine can be growing a cache. This should be blocked.
78 * 15 March 2005. NUMA slab allocator.
79 * Shai Fultheim <shai@scalex86.org>.
80 * Shobhit Dayal <shobhit@calsoftinc.com>
81 * Alok N Kataria <alokk@calsoftinc.com>
82 * Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
84 * Modified the slab allocator to be node aware on NUMA systems.
85 * Each node has its own list of partial, free and full slabs.
86 * All object allocations for a node occur from node specific slab lists.
89 #include <linux/config.h>
90 #include <linux/slab.h>
92 #include <linux/swap.h>
93 #include <linux/cache.h>
94 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
95 #include <linux/init.h>
96 #include <linux/compiler.h>
97 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
98 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
99 #include <linux/notifier.h>
100 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
101 #include <linux/cpu.h>
102 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
103 #include <linux/module.h>
104 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
105 #include <linux/string.h>
106 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
107 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
108 #include <linux/mutex.h>
110 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
111 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
112 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
113 #include <asm/page.h>
116 * DEBUG - 1 for kmem_cache_create() to honour; SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL,
117 * SLAB_RED_ZONE & SLAB_POISON.
118 * 0 for faster, smaller code (especially in the critical paths).
120 * STATS - 1 to collect stats for /proc/slabinfo.
121 * 0 for faster, smaller code (especially in the critical paths).
123 * FORCED_DEBUG - 1 enables SLAB_RED_ZONE and SLAB_POISON (if possible)
126 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
129 #define FORCED_DEBUG 1
133 #define FORCED_DEBUG 0
136 /* Shouldn't this be in a header file somewhere? */
137 #define BYTES_PER_WORD sizeof(void *)
139 #ifndef cache_line_size
140 #define cache_line_size() L1_CACHE_BYTES
143 #ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN
145 * Enforce a minimum alignment for the kmalloc caches.
146 * Usually, the kmalloc caches are cache_line_size() aligned, except when
147 * DEBUG and FORCED_DEBUG are enabled, then they are BYTES_PER_WORD aligned.
148 * Some archs want to perform DMA into kmalloc caches and need a guaranteed
149 * alignment larger than BYTES_PER_WORD. ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN allows that.
150 * Note that this flag disables some debug features.
152 #define ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN 0
155 #ifndef ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN
157 * Enforce a minimum alignment for all caches.
158 * Intended for archs that get misalignment faults even for BYTES_PER_WORD
159 * aligned buffers. Includes ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN.
160 * If possible: Do not enable this flag for CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB, it disables
161 * some debug features.
163 #define ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN 0
166 #ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS
167 #define ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN
170 /* Legal flag mask for kmem_cache_create(). */
172 # define CREATE_MASK (SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL | SLAB_RED_ZONE | \
173 SLAB_POISON | SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
175 SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_STORE_USER | \
176 SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_PANIC | \
177 SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_MEM_SPREAD)
179 # define CREATE_MASK (SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
180 SLAB_CACHE_DMA | SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
181 SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_PANIC | \
182 SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_MEM_SPREAD)
188 * Bufctl's are used for linking objs within a slab
191 * This implementation relies on "struct page" for locating the cache &
192 * slab an object belongs to.
193 * This allows the bufctl structure to be small (one int), but limits
194 * the number of objects a slab (not a cache) can contain when off-slab
195 * bufctls are used. The limit is the size of the largest general cache
196 * that does not use off-slab slabs.
197 * For 32bit archs with 4 kB pages, is this 56.
198 * This is not serious, as it is only for large objects, when it is unwise
199 * to have too many per slab.
200 * Note: This limit can be raised by introducing a general cache whose size
201 * is less than 512 (PAGE_SIZE<<3), but greater than 256.
204 typedef unsigned int kmem_bufctl_t;
205 #define BUFCTL_END (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-0)
206 #define BUFCTL_FREE (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-1)
207 #define BUFCTL_ACTIVE (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-2)
208 #define SLAB_LIMIT (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-3)
210 /* Max number of objs-per-slab for caches which use off-slab slabs.
211 * Needed to avoid a possible looping condition in cache_grow().
213 static unsigned long offslab_limit;
218 * Manages the objs in a slab. Placed either at the beginning of mem allocated
219 * for a slab, or allocated from an general cache.
220 * Slabs are chained into three list: fully used, partial, fully free slabs.
223 struct list_head list;
224 unsigned long colouroff;
225 void *s_mem; /* including colour offset */
226 unsigned int inuse; /* num of objs active in slab */
228 unsigned short nodeid;
234 * slab_destroy on a SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU cache uses this structure to
235 * arrange for kmem_freepages to be called via RCU. This is useful if
236 * we need to approach a kernel structure obliquely, from its address
237 * obtained without the usual locking. We can lock the structure to
238 * stabilize it and check it's still at the given address, only if we
239 * can be sure that the memory has not been meanwhile reused for some
240 * other kind of object (which our subsystem's lock might corrupt).
242 * rcu_read_lock before reading the address, then rcu_read_unlock after
243 * taking the spinlock within the structure expected at that address.
245 * We assume struct slab_rcu can overlay struct slab when destroying.
248 struct rcu_head head;
249 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
257 * - LIFO ordering, to hand out cache-warm objects from _alloc
258 * - reduce the number of linked list operations
259 * - reduce spinlock operations
261 * The limit is stored in the per-cpu structure to reduce the data cache
268 unsigned int batchcount;
269 unsigned int touched;
272 * Must have this definition in here for the proper
273 * alignment of array_cache. Also simplifies accessing
275 * [0] is for gcc 2.95. It should really be [].
280 * bootstrap: The caches do not work without cpuarrays anymore, but the
281 * cpuarrays are allocated from the generic caches...
283 #define BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES 1
284 struct arraycache_init {
285 struct array_cache cache;
286 void *entries[BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES];
290 * The slab lists for all objects.
293 struct list_head slabs_partial; /* partial list first, better asm code */
294 struct list_head slabs_full;
295 struct list_head slabs_free;
296 unsigned long free_objects;
297 unsigned int free_limit;
298 unsigned int colour_next; /* Per-node cache coloring */
299 spinlock_t list_lock;
300 struct array_cache *shared; /* shared per node */
301 struct array_cache **alien; /* on other nodes */
302 unsigned long next_reap; /* updated without locking */
303 int free_touched; /* updated without locking */
307 * Need this for bootstrapping a per node allocator.
309 #define NUM_INIT_LISTS (2 * MAX_NUMNODES + 1)
310 struct kmem_list3 __initdata initkmem_list3[NUM_INIT_LISTS];
311 #define CACHE_CACHE 0
313 #define SIZE_L3 (1 + MAX_NUMNODES)
316 * This function must be completely optimized away if a constant is passed to
317 * it. Mostly the same as what is in linux/slab.h except it returns an index.
319 static __always_inline int index_of(const size_t size)
321 extern void __bad_size(void);
323 if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
331 #include "linux/kmalloc_sizes.h"
339 #define INDEX_AC index_of(sizeof(struct arraycache_init))
340 #define INDEX_L3 index_of(sizeof(struct kmem_list3))
342 static void kmem_list3_init(struct kmem_list3 *parent)
344 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&parent->slabs_full);
345 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&parent->slabs_partial);
346 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&parent->slabs_free);
347 parent->shared = NULL;
348 parent->alien = NULL;
349 parent->colour_next = 0;
350 spin_lock_init(&parent->list_lock);
351 parent->free_objects = 0;
352 parent->free_touched = 0;
355 #define MAKE_LIST(cachep, listp, slab, nodeid) \
357 INIT_LIST_HEAD(listp); \
358 list_splice(&(cachep->nodelists[nodeid]->slab), listp); \
361 #define MAKE_ALL_LISTS(cachep, ptr, nodeid) \
363 MAKE_LIST((cachep), (&(ptr)->slabs_full), slabs_full, nodeid); \
364 MAKE_LIST((cachep), (&(ptr)->slabs_partial), slabs_partial, nodeid); \
365 MAKE_LIST((cachep), (&(ptr)->slabs_free), slabs_free, nodeid); \
375 /* 1) per-cpu data, touched during every alloc/free */
376 struct array_cache *array[NR_CPUS];
377 /* 2) Cache tunables. Protected by cache_chain_mutex */
378 unsigned int batchcount;
382 unsigned int buffer_size;
383 /* 3) touched by every alloc & free from the backend */
384 struct kmem_list3 *nodelists[MAX_NUMNODES];
386 unsigned int flags; /* constant flags */
387 unsigned int num; /* # of objs per slab */
389 /* 4) cache_grow/shrink */
390 /* order of pgs per slab (2^n) */
391 unsigned int gfporder;
393 /* force GFP flags, e.g. GFP_DMA */
396 size_t colour; /* cache colouring range */
397 unsigned int colour_off; /* colour offset */
398 struct kmem_cache *slabp_cache;
399 unsigned int slab_size;
400 unsigned int dflags; /* dynamic flags */
402 /* constructor func */
403 void (*ctor) (void *, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long);
405 /* de-constructor func */
406 void (*dtor) (void *, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long);
408 /* 5) cache creation/removal */
410 struct list_head next;
414 unsigned long num_active;
415 unsigned long num_allocations;
416 unsigned long high_mark;
418 unsigned long reaped;
419 unsigned long errors;
420 unsigned long max_freeable;
421 unsigned long node_allocs;
422 unsigned long node_frees;
423 unsigned long node_overflow;
431 * If debugging is enabled, then the allocator can add additional
432 * fields and/or padding to every object. buffer_size contains the total
433 * object size including these internal fields, the following two
434 * variables contain the offset to the user object and its size.
441 #define CFLGS_OFF_SLAB (0x80000000UL)
442 #define OFF_SLAB(x) ((x)->flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)
444 #define BATCHREFILL_LIMIT 16
446 * Optimization question: fewer reaps means less probability for unnessary
447 * cpucache drain/refill cycles.
449 * OTOH the cpuarrays can contain lots of objects,
450 * which could lock up otherwise freeable slabs.
452 #define REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC (2*HZ)
453 #define REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 (4*HZ)
456 #define STATS_INC_ACTIVE(x) ((x)->num_active++)
457 #define STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(x) ((x)->num_active--)
458 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCED(x) ((x)->num_allocations++)
459 #define STATS_INC_GROWN(x) ((x)->grown++)
460 #define STATS_INC_REAPED(x) ((x)->reaped++)
461 #define STATS_SET_HIGH(x) \
463 if ((x)->num_active > (x)->high_mark) \
464 (x)->high_mark = (x)->num_active; \
466 #define STATS_INC_ERR(x) ((x)->errors++)
467 #define STATS_INC_NODEALLOCS(x) ((x)->node_allocs++)
468 #define STATS_INC_NODEFREES(x) ((x)->node_frees++)
469 #define STATS_INC_ACOVERFLOW(x) ((x)->node_overflow++)
470 #define STATS_SET_FREEABLE(x, i) \
472 if ((x)->max_freeable < i) \
473 (x)->max_freeable = i; \
475 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->allochit)
476 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->allocmiss)
477 #define STATS_INC_FREEHIT(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->freehit)
478 #define STATS_INC_FREEMISS(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->freemiss)
480 #define STATS_INC_ACTIVE(x) do { } while (0)
481 #define STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(x) do { } while (0)
482 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCED(x) do { } while (0)
483 #define STATS_INC_GROWN(x) do { } while (0)
484 #define STATS_INC_REAPED(x) do { } while (0)
485 #define STATS_SET_HIGH(x) do { } while (0)
486 #define STATS_INC_ERR(x) do { } while (0)
487 #define STATS_INC_NODEALLOCS(x) do { } while (0)
488 #define STATS_INC_NODEFREES(x) do { } while (0)
489 #define STATS_INC_ACOVERFLOW(x) do { } while (0)
490 #define STATS_SET_FREEABLE(x, i) do { } while (0)
491 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(x) do { } while (0)
492 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(x) do { } while (0)
493 #define STATS_INC_FREEHIT(x) do { } while (0)
494 #define STATS_INC_FREEMISS(x) do { } while (0)
499 * Magic nums for obj red zoning.
500 * Placed in the first word before and the first word after an obj.
502 #define RED_INACTIVE 0x5A2CF071UL /* when obj is inactive */
503 #define RED_ACTIVE 0x170FC2A5UL /* when obj is active */
505 /* ...and for poisoning */
506 #define POISON_INUSE 0x5a /* for use-uninitialised poisoning */
507 #define POISON_FREE 0x6b /* for use-after-free poisoning */
508 #define POISON_END 0xa5 /* end-byte of poisoning */
511 * memory layout of objects:
513 * 0 .. cachep->obj_offset - BYTES_PER_WORD - 1: padding. This ensures that
514 * the end of an object is aligned with the end of the real
515 * allocation. Catches writes behind the end of the allocation.
516 * cachep->obj_offset - BYTES_PER_WORD .. cachep->obj_offset - 1:
518 * cachep->obj_offset: The real object.
519 * cachep->buffer_size - 2* BYTES_PER_WORD: redzone word [BYTES_PER_WORD long]
520 * cachep->buffer_size - 1* BYTES_PER_WORD: last caller address
521 * [BYTES_PER_WORD long]
523 static int obj_offset(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
525 return cachep->obj_offset;
528 static int obj_size(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
530 return cachep->obj_size;
533 static unsigned long *dbg_redzone1(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
535 BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
536 return (unsigned long*) (objp+obj_offset(cachep)-BYTES_PER_WORD);
539 static unsigned long *dbg_redzone2(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
541 BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
542 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
543 return (unsigned long *)(objp + cachep->buffer_size -
545 return (unsigned long *)(objp + cachep->buffer_size - BYTES_PER_WORD);
548 static void **dbg_userword(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
550 BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER));
551 return (void **)(objp + cachep->buffer_size - BYTES_PER_WORD);
556 #define obj_offset(x) 0
557 #define obj_size(cachep) (cachep->buffer_size)
558 #define dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) ({BUG(); (unsigned long *)NULL;})
559 #define dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) ({BUG(); (unsigned long *)NULL;})
560 #define dbg_userword(cachep, objp) ({BUG(); (void **)NULL;})
565 * Maximum size of an obj (in 2^order pages) and absolute limit for the gfp
568 #if defined(CONFIG_LARGE_ALLOCS)
569 #define MAX_OBJ_ORDER 13 /* up to 32Mb */
570 #define MAX_GFP_ORDER 13 /* up to 32Mb */
571 #elif defined(CONFIG_MMU)
572 #define MAX_OBJ_ORDER 5 /* 32 pages */
573 #define MAX_GFP_ORDER 5 /* 32 pages */
575 #define MAX_OBJ_ORDER 8 /* up to 1Mb */
576 #define MAX_GFP_ORDER 8 /* up to 1Mb */
580 * Do not go above this order unless 0 objects fit into the slab.
582 #define BREAK_GFP_ORDER_HI 1
583 #define BREAK_GFP_ORDER_LO 0
584 static int slab_break_gfp_order = BREAK_GFP_ORDER_LO;
587 * Functions for storing/retrieving the cachep and or slab from the page
588 * allocator. These are used to find the slab an obj belongs to. With kfree(),
589 * these are used to find the cache which an obj belongs to.
591 static inline void page_set_cache(struct page *page, struct kmem_cache *cache)
593 page->lru.next = (struct list_head *)cache;
596 static inline struct kmem_cache *page_get_cache(struct page *page)
598 if (unlikely(PageCompound(page)))
599 page = (struct page *)page_private(page);
600 return (struct kmem_cache *)page->lru.next;
603 static inline void page_set_slab(struct page *page, struct slab *slab)
605 page->lru.prev = (struct list_head *)slab;
608 static inline struct slab *page_get_slab(struct page *page)
610 if (unlikely(PageCompound(page)))
611 page = (struct page *)page_private(page);
612 return (struct slab *)page->lru.prev;
615 static inline struct kmem_cache *virt_to_cache(const void *obj)
617 struct page *page = virt_to_page(obj);
618 return page_get_cache(page);
621 static inline struct slab *virt_to_slab(const void *obj)
623 struct page *page = virt_to_page(obj);
624 return page_get_slab(page);
627 static inline void *index_to_obj(struct kmem_cache *cache, struct slab *slab,
630 return slab->s_mem + cache->buffer_size * idx;
633 static inline unsigned int obj_to_index(struct kmem_cache *cache,
634 struct slab *slab, void *obj)
636 return (unsigned)(obj - slab->s_mem) / cache->buffer_size;
640 * These are the default caches for kmalloc. Custom caches can have other sizes.
642 struct cache_sizes malloc_sizes[] = {
643 #define CACHE(x) { .cs_size = (x) },
644 #include <linux/kmalloc_sizes.h>
648 EXPORT_SYMBOL(malloc_sizes);
650 /* Must match cache_sizes above. Out of line to keep cache footprint low. */
656 static struct cache_names __initdata cache_names[] = {
657 #define CACHE(x) { .name = "size-" #x, .name_dma = "size-" #x "(DMA)" },
658 #include <linux/kmalloc_sizes.h>
663 static struct arraycache_init initarray_cache __initdata =
664 { {0, BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES, 1, 0} };
665 static struct arraycache_init initarray_generic =
666 { {0, BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES, 1, 0} };
668 /* internal cache of cache description objs */
669 static struct kmem_cache cache_cache = {
671 .limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES,
673 .buffer_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache),
674 .name = "kmem_cache",
676 .obj_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache),
680 /* Guard access to the cache-chain. */
681 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cache_chain_mutex);
682 static struct list_head cache_chain;
685 * vm_enough_memory() looks at this to determine how many slab-allocated pages
686 * are possibly freeable under pressure
688 * SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT turns this on per-slab
690 atomic_t slab_reclaim_pages;
693 * chicken and egg problem: delay the per-cpu array allocation
694 * until the general caches are up.
703 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct work_struct, reap_work);
705 static void free_block(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void **objpp, int len,
707 static void enable_cpucache(struct kmem_cache *cachep);
708 static void cache_reap(void *unused);
709 static int __node_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int node);
711 static inline struct array_cache *cpu_cache_get(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
713 return cachep->array[smp_processor_id()];
716 static inline struct kmem_cache *__find_general_cachep(size_t size,
719 struct cache_sizes *csizep = malloc_sizes;
722 /* This happens if someone tries to call
723 * kmem_cache_create(), or __kmalloc(), before
724 * the generic caches are initialized.
726 BUG_ON(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep == NULL);
728 while (size > csizep->cs_size)
732 * Really subtle: The last entry with cs->cs_size==ULONG_MAX
733 * has cs_{dma,}cachep==NULL. Thus no special case
734 * for large kmalloc calls required.
736 if (unlikely(gfpflags & GFP_DMA))
737 return csizep->cs_dmacachep;
738 return csizep->cs_cachep;
741 struct kmem_cache *kmem_find_general_cachep(size_t size, gfp_t gfpflags)
743 return __find_general_cachep(size, gfpflags);
745 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_find_general_cachep);
747 static size_t slab_mgmt_size(size_t nr_objs, size_t align)
749 return ALIGN(sizeof(struct slab)+nr_objs*sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t), align);
753 * Calculate the number of objects and left-over bytes for a given buffer size.
755 static void cache_estimate(unsigned long gfporder, size_t buffer_size,
756 size_t align, int flags, size_t *left_over,
761 size_t slab_size = PAGE_SIZE << gfporder;
764 * The slab management structure can be either off the slab or
765 * on it. For the latter case, the memory allocated for a
769 * - One kmem_bufctl_t for each object
770 * - Padding to respect alignment of @align
771 * - @buffer_size bytes for each object
773 * If the slab management structure is off the slab, then the
774 * alignment will already be calculated into the size. Because
775 * the slabs are all pages aligned, the objects will be at the
776 * correct alignment when allocated.
778 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
780 nr_objs = slab_size / buffer_size;
782 if (nr_objs > SLAB_LIMIT)
783 nr_objs = SLAB_LIMIT;
786 * Ignore padding for the initial guess. The padding
787 * is at most @align-1 bytes, and @buffer_size is at
788 * least @align. In the worst case, this result will
789 * be one greater than the number of objects that fit
790 * into the memory allocation when taking the padding
793 nr_objs = (slab_size - sizeof(struct slab)) /
794 (buffer_size + sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t));
797 * This calculated number will be either the right
798 * amount, or one greater than what we want.
800 if (slab_mgmt_size(nr_objs, align) + nr_objs*buffer_size
804 if (nr_objs > SLAB_LIMIT)
805 nr_objs = SLAB_LIMIT;
807 mgmt_size = slab_mgmt_size(nr_objs, align);
810 *left_over = slab_size - nr_objs*buffer_size - mgmt_size;
813 #define slab_error(cachep, msg) __slab_error(__FUNCTION__, cachep, msg)
815 static void __slab_error(const char *function, struct kmem_cache *cachep,
818 printk(KERN_ERR "slab error in %s(): cache `%s': %s\n",
819 function, cachep->name, msg);
825 * Special reaping functions for NUMA systems called from cache_reap().
826 * These take care of doing round robin flushing of alien caches (containing
827 * objects freed on different nodes from which they were allocated) and the
828 * flushing of remote pcps by calling drain_node_pages.
830 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, reap_node);
832 static void init_reap_node(int cpu)
836 node = next_node(cpu_to_node(cpu), node_online_map);
837 if (node == MAX_NUMNODES)
838 node = first_node(node_online_map);
840 __get_cpu_var(reap_node) = node;
843 static void next_reap_node(void)
845 int node = __get_cpu_var(reap_node);
848 * Also drain per cpu pages on remote zones
850 if (node != numa_node_id())
851 drain_node_pages(node);
853 node = next_node(node, node_online_map);
854 if (unlikely(node >= MAX_NUMNODES))
855 node = first_node(node_online_map);
856 __get_cpu_var(reap_node) = node;
860 #define init_reap_node(cpu) do { } while (0)
861 #define next_reap_node(void) do { } while (0)
865 * Initiate the reap timer running on the target CPU. We run at around 1 to 2Hz
866 * via the workqueue/eventd.
867 * Add the CPU number into the expiration time to minimize the possibility of
868 * the CPUs getting into lockstep and contending for the global cache chain
871 static void __devinit start_cpu_timer(int cpu)
873 struct work_struct *reap_work = &per_cpu(reap_work, cpu);
876 * When this gets called from do_initcalls via cpucache_init(),
877 * init_workqueues() has already run, so keventd will be setup
880 if (keventd_up() && reap_work->func == NULL) {
882 INIT_WORK(reap_work, cache_reap, NULL);
883 schedule_delayed_work_on(cpu, reap_work, HZ + 3 * cpu);
887 static struct array_cache *alloc_arraycache(int node, int entries,
890 int memsize = sizeof(void *) * entries + sizeof(struct array_cache);
891 struct array_cache *nc = NULL;
893 nc = kmalloc_node(memsize, GFP_KERNEL, node);
897 nc->batchcount = batchcount;
899 spin_lock_init(&nc->lock);
905 * Transfer objects in one arraycache to another.
906 * Locking must be handled by the caller.
908 * Return the number of entries transferred.
910 static int transfer_objects(struct array_cache *to,
911 struct array_cache *from, unsigned int max)
913 /* Figure out how many entries to transfer */
914 int nr = min(min(from->avail, max), to->limit - to->avail);
919 memcpy(to->entry + to->avail, from->entry + from->avail -nr,
929 static void *__cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t, int);
930 static void *alternate_node_alloc(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t);
932 static struct array_cache **alloc_alien_cache(int node, int limit)
934 struct array_cache **ac_ptr;
935 int memsize = sizeof(void *) * MAX_NUMNODES;
940 ac_ptr = kmalloc_node(memsize, GFP_KERNEL, node);
943 if (i == node || !node_online(i)) {
947 ac_ptr[i] = alloc_arraycache(node, limit, 0xbaadf00d);
949 for (i--; i <= 0; i--)
959 static void free_alien_cache(struct array_cache **ac_ptr)
970 static void __drain_alien_cache(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
971 struct array_cache *ac, int node)
973 struct kmem_list3 *rl3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
976 spin_lock(&rl3->list_lock);
978 * Stuff objects into the remote nodes shared array first.
979 * That way we could avoid the overhead of putting the objects
980 * into the free lists and getting them back later.
982 transfer_objects(rl3->shared, ac, ac->limit);
984 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, ac->avail, node);
986 spin_unlock(&rl3->list_lock);
991 * Called from cache_reap() to regularly drain alien caches round robin.
993 static void reap_alien(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *l3)
995 int node = __get_cpu_var(reap_node);
998 struct array_cache *ac = l3->alien[node];
1000 if (ac && ac->avail && spin_trylock_irq(&ac->lock)) {
1001 __drain_alien_cache(cachep, ac, node);
1002 spin_unlock_irq(&ac->lock);
1007 static void drain_alien_cache(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
1008 struct array_cache **alien)
1011 struct array_cache *ac;
1012 unsigned long flags;
1014 for_each_online_node(i) {
1017 spin_lock_irqsave(&ac->lock, flags);
1018 __drain_alien_cache(cachep, ac, i);
1019 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ac->lock, flags);
1025 #define drain_alien_cache(cachep, alien) do { } while (0)
1026 #define reap_alien(cachep, l3) do { } while (0)
1028 static inline struct array_cache **alloc_alien_cache(int node, int limit)
1030 return (struct array_cache **) 0x01020304ul;
1033 static inline void free_alien_cache(struct array_cache **ac_ptr)
1039 static int __devinit cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1040 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1042 long cpu = (long)hcpu;
1043 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
1044 struct kmem_list3 *l3 = NULL;
1045 int node = cpu_to_node(cpu);
1046 int memsize = sizeof(struct kmem_list3);
1049 case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
1050 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1052 * We need to do this right in the beginning since
1053 * alloc_arraycache's are going to use this list.
1054 * kmalloc_node allows us to add the slab to the right
1055 * kmem_list3 and not this cpu's kmem_list3
1058 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1060 * Set up the size64 kmemlist for cpu before we can
1061 * begin anything. Make sure some other cpu on this
1062 * node has not already allocated this
1064 if (!cachep->nodelists[node]) {
1065 l3 = kmalloc_node(memsize, GFP_KERNEL, node);
1068 kmem_list3_init(l3);
1069 l3->next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
1070 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
1073 * The l3s don't come and go as CPUs come and
1074 * go. cache_chain_mutex is sufficient
1077 cachep->nodelists[node] = l3;
1080 spin_lock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
1081 cachep->nodelists[node]->free_limit =
1082 (1 + nr_cpus_node(node)) *
1083 cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
1084 spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
1088 * Now we can go ahead with allocating the shared arrays and
1091 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1092 struct array_cache *nc;
1093 struct array_cache *shared;
1094 struct array_cache **alien;
1096 nc = alloc_arraycache(node, cachep->limit,
1097 cachep->batchcount);
1100 shared = alloc_arraycache(node,
1101 cachep->shared * cachep->batchcount,
1106 alien = alloc_alien_cache(node, cachep->limit);
1109 cachep->array[cpu] = nc;
1110 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
1113 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1116 * We are serialised from CPU_DEAD or
1117 * CPU_UP_CANCELLED by the cpucontrol lock
1119 l3->shared = shared;
1128 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1130 free_alien_cache(alien);
1132 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1135 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1137 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
1140 * Even if all the cpus of a node are down, we don't free the
1141 * kmem_list3 of any cache. This to avoid a race between
1142 * cpu_down, and a kmalloc allocation from another cpu for
1143 * memory from the node of the cpu going down. The list3
1144 * structure is usually allocated from kmem_cache_create() and
1145 * gets destroyed at kmem_cache_destroy().
1148 case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
1149 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1150 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1151 struct array_cache *nc;
1152 struct array_cache *shared;
1153 struct array_cache **alien;
1156 mask = node_to_cpumask(node);
1157 /* cpu is dead; no one can alloc from it. */
1158 nc = cachep->array[cpu];
1159 cachep->array[cpu] = NULL;
1160 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
1163 goto free_array_cache;
1165 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1167 /* Free limit for this kmem_list3 */
1168 l3->free_limit -= cachep->batchcount;
1170 free_block(cachep, nc->entry, nc->avail, node);
1172 if (!cpus_empty(mask)) {
1173 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1174 goto free_array_cache;
1177 shared = l3->shared;
1179 free_block(cachep, l3->shared->entry,
1180 l3->shared->avail, node);
1187 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1191 drain_alien_cache(cachep, alien);
1192 free_alien_cache(alien);
1198 * In the previous loop, all the objects were freed to
1199 * the respective cache's slabs, now we can go ahead and
1200 * shrink each nodelist to its limit.
1202 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1203 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
1206 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1207 /* free slabs belonging to this node */
1208 __node_shrink(cachep, node);
1209 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1211 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1217 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1221 static struct notifier_block cpucache_notifier = { &cpuup_callback, NULL, 0 };
1224 * swap the static kmem_list3 with kmalloced memory
1226 static void init_list(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *list,
1229 struct kmem_list3 *ptr;
1231 BUG_ON(cachep->nodelists[nodeid] != list);
1232 ptr = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct kmem_list3), GFP_KERNEL, nodeid);
1235 local_irq_disable();
1236 memcpy(ptr, list, sizeof(struct kmem_list3));
1237 MAKE_ALL_LISTS(cachep, ptr, nodeid);
1238 cachep->nodelists[nodeid] = ptr;
1243 * Initialisation. Called after the page allocator have been initialised and
1244 * before smp_init().
1246 void __init kmem_cache_init(void)
1249 struct cache_sizes *sizes;
1250 struct cache_names *names;
1254 for (i = 0; i < NUM_INIT_LISTS; i++) {
1255 kmem_list3_init(&initkmem_list3[i]);
1256 if (i < MAX_NUMNODES)
1257 cache_cache.nodelists[i] = NULL;
1261 * Fragmentation resistance on low memory - only use bigger
1262 * page orders on machines with more than 32MB of memory.
1264 if (num_physpages > (32 << 20) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
1265 slab_break_gfp_order = BREAK_GFP_ORDER_HI;
1267 /* Bootstrap is tricky, because several objects are allocated
1268 * from caches that do not exist yet:
1269 * 1) initialize the cache_cache cache: it contains the struct
1270 * kmem_cache structures of all caches, except cache_cache itself:
1271 * cache_cache is statically allocated.
1272 * Initially an __init data area is used for the head array and the
1273 * kmem_list3 structures, it's replaced with a kmalloc allocated
1274 * array at the end of the bootstrap.
1275 * 2) Create the first kmalloc cache.
1276 * The struct kmem_cache for the new cache is allocated normally.
1277 * An __init data area is used for the head array.
1278 * 3) Create the remaining kmalloc caches, with minimally sized
1280 * 4) Replace the __init data head arrays for cache_cache and the first
1281 * kmalloc cache with kmalloc allocated arrays.
1282 * 5) Replace the __init data for kmem_list3 for cache_cache and
1283 * the other cache's with kmalloc allocated memory.
1284 * 6) Resize the head arrays of the kmalloc caches to their final sizes.
1287 /* 1) create the cache_cache */
1288 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cache_chain);
1289 list_add(&cache_cache.next, &cache_chain);
1290 cache_cache.colour_off = cache_line_size();
1291 cache_cache.array[smp_processor_id()] = &initarray_cache.cache;
1292 cache_cache.nodelists[numa_node_id()] = &initkmem_list3[CACHE_CACHE];
1294 cache_cache.buffer_size = ALIGN(cache_cache.buffer_size,
1297 for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) {
1298 cache_estimate(order, cache_cache.buffer_size,
1299 cache_line_size(), 0, &left_over, &cache_cache.num);
1300 if (cache_cache.num)
1303 BUG_ON(!cache_cache.num);
1304 cache_cache.gfporder = order;
1305 cache_cache.colour = left_over / cache_cache.colour_off;
1306 cache_cache.slab_size = ALIGN(cache_cache.num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t) +
1307 sizeof(struct slab), cache_line_size());
1309 /* 2+3) create the kmalloc caches */
1310 sizes = malloc_sizes;
1311 names = cache_names;
1314 * Initialize the caches that provide memory for the array cache and the
1315 * kmem_list3 structures first. Without this, further allocations will
1319 sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep = kmem_cache_create(names[INDEX_AC].name,
1320 sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_size,
1321 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1322 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_PANIC,
1325 if (INDEX_AC != INDEX_L3) {
1326 sizes[INDEX_L3].cs_cachep =
1327 kmem_cache_create(names[INDEX_L3].name,
1328 sizes[INDEX_L3].cs_size,
1329 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1330 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_PANIC,
1334 while (sizes->cs_size != ULONG_MAX) {
1336 * For performance, all the general caches are L1 aligned.
1337 * This should be particularly beneficial on SMP boxes, as it
1338 * eliminates "false sharing".
1339 * Note for systems short on memory removing the alignment will
1340 * allow tighter packing of the smaller caches.
1342 if (!sizes->cs_cachep) {
1343 sizes->cs_cachep = kmem_cache_create(names->name,
1345 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1346 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_PANIC,
1350 /* Inc off-slab bufctl limit until the ceiling is hit. */
1351 if (!(OFF_SLAB(sizes->cs_cachep))) {
1352 offslab_limit = sizes->cs_size - sizeof(struct slab);
1353 offslab_limit /= sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);
1356 sizes->cs_dmacachep = kmem_cache_create(names->name_dma,
1358 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1359 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_CACHE_DMA|
1365 /* 4) Replace the bootstrap head arrays */
1369 ptr = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
1371 local_irq_disable();
1372 BUG_ON(cpu_cache_get(&cache_cache) != &initarray_cache.cache);
1373 memcpy(ptr, cpu_cache_get(&cache_cache),
1374 sizeof(struct arraycache_init));
1375 cache_cache.array[smp_processor_id()] = ptr;
1378 ptr = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
1380 local_irq_disable();
1381 BUG_ON(cpu_cache_get(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep)
1382 != &initarray_generic.cache);
1383 memcpy(ptr, cpu_cache_get(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep),
1384 sizeof(struct arraycache_init));
1385 malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] =
1389 /* 5) Replace the bootstrap kmem_list3's */
1392 /* Replace the static kmem_list3 structures for the boot cpu */
1393 init_list(&cache_cache, &initkmem_list3[CACHE_CACHE],
1396 for_each_online_node(node) {
1397 init_list(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep,
1398 &initkmem_list3[SIZE_AC + node], node);
1400 if (INDEX_AC != INDEX_L3) {
1401 init_list(malloc_sizes[INDEX_L3].cs_cachep,
1402 &initkmem_list3[SIZE_L3 + node],
1408 /* 6) resize the head arrays to their final sizes */
1410 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
1411 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1412 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next)
1413 enable_cpucache(cachep);
1414 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1418 g_cpucache_up = FULL;
1421 * Register a cpu startup notifier callback that initializes
1422 * cpu_cache_get for all new cpus
1424 register_cpu_notifier(&cpucache_notifier);
1427 * The reap timers are started later, with a module init call: That part
1428 * of the kernel is not yet operational.
1432 static int __init cpucache_init(void)
1437 * Register the timers that return unneeded pages to the page allocator
1439 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
1440 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1443 __initcall(cpucache_init);
1446 * Interface to system's page allocator. No need to hold the cache-lock.
1448 * If we requested dmaable memory, we will get it. Even if we
1449 * did not request dmaable memory, we might get it, but that
1450 * would be relatively rare and ignorable.
1452 static void *kmem_getpages(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, int nodeid)
1458 flags |= cachep->gfpflags;
1460 /* nommu uses slab's for process anonymous memory allocations, so
1461 * requires __GFP_COMP to properly refcount higher order allocations"
1463 page = alloc_pages_node(nodeid, (flags | __GFP_COMP), cachep->gfporder);
1465 page = alloc_pages_node(nodeid, flags, cachep->gfporder);
1469 addr = page_address(page);
1471 i = (1 << cachep->gfporder);
1472 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
1473 atomic_add(i, &slab_reclaim_pages);
1474 add_page_state(nr_slab, i);
1476 __SetPageSlab(page);
1483 * Interface to system's page release.
1485 static void kmem_freepages(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *addr)
1487 unsigned long i = (1 << cachep->gfporder);
1488 struct page *page = virt_to_page(addr);
1489 const unsigned long nr_freed = i;
1492 BUG_ON(!PageSlab(page));
1493 __ClearPageSlab(page);
1496 sub_page_state(nr_slab, nr_freed);
1497 if (current->reclaim_state)
1498 current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab += nr_freed;
1499 free_pages((unsigned long)addr, cachep->gfporder);
1500 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
1501 atomic_sub(1 << cachep->gfporder, &slab_reclaim_pages);
1504 static void kmem_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
1506 struct slab_rcu *slab_rcu = (struct slab_rcu *)head;
1507 struct kmem_cache *cachep = slab_rcu->cachep;
1509 kmem_freepages(cachep, slab_rcu->addr);
1510 if (OFF_SLAB(cachep))
1511 kmem_cache_free(cachep->slabp_cache, slab_rcu);
1516 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1517 static void store_stackinfo(struct kmem_cache *cachep, unsigned long *addr,
1518 unsigned long caller)
1520 int size = obj_size(cachep);
1522 addr = (unsigned long *)&((char *)addr)[obj_offset(cachep)];
1524 if (size < 5 * sizeof(unsigned long))
1527 *addr++ = 0x12345678;
1529 *addr++ = smp_processor_id();
1530 size -= 3 * sizeof(unsigned long);
1532 unsigned long *sptr = &caller;
1533 unsigned long svalue;
1535 while (!kstack_end(sptr)) {
1537 if (kernel_text_address(svalue)) {
1539 size -= sizeof(unsigned long);
1540 if (size <= sizeof(unsigned long))
1546 *addr++ = 0x87654321;
1550 static void poison_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *addr, unsigned char val)
1552 int size = obj_size(cachep);
1553 addr = &((char *)addr)[obj_offset(cachep)];
1555 memset(addr, val, size);
1556 *(unsigned char *)(addr + size - 1) = POISON_END;
1559 static void dump_line(char *data, int offset, int limit)
1562 printk(KERN_ERR "%03x:", offset);
1563 for (i = 0; i < limit; i++)
1564 printk(" %02x", (unsigned char)data[offset + i]);
1571 static void print_objinfo(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp, int lines)
1576 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
1577 printk(KERN_ERR "Redzone: 0x%lx/0x%lx.\n",
1578 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp),
1579 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
1582 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
1583 printk(KERN_ERR "Last user: [<%p>]",
1584 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp));
1585 print_symbol("(%s)",
1586 (unsigned long)*dbg_userword(cachep, objp));
1589 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1590 size = obj_size(cachep);
1591 for (i = 0; i < size && lines; i += 16, lines--) {
1594 if (i + limit > size)
1596 dump_line(realobj, i, limit);
1600 static void check_poison_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
1606 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1607 size = obj_size(cachep);
1609 for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
1610 char exp = POISON_FREE;
1613 if (realobj[i] != exp) {
1619 "Slab corruption: start=%p, len=%d\n",
1621 print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 0);
1623 /* Hexdump the affected line */
1626 if (i + limit > size)
1628 dump_line(realobj, i, limit);
1631 /* Limit to 5 lines */
1637 /* Print some data about the neighboring objects, if they
1640 struct slab *slabp = virt_to_slab(objp);
1643 objnr = obj_to_index(cachep, slabp, objp);
1645 objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, objnr - 1);
1646 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1647 printk(KERN_ERR "Prev obj: start=%p, len=%d\n",
1649 print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 2);
1651 if (objnr + 1 < cachep->num) {
1652 objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, objnr + 1);
1653 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1654 printk(KERN_ERR "Next obj: start=%p, len=%d\n",
1656 print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 2);
1664 * slab_destroy_objs - destroy a slab and its objects
1665 * @cachep: cache pointer being destroyed
1666 * @slabp: slab pointer being destroyed
1668 * Call the registered destructor for each object in a slab that is being
1671 static void slab_destroy_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
1674 for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
1675 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, i);
1677 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
1678 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1679 if (cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE == 0 &&
1681 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
1682 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 1);
1684 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
1686 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
1689 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
1690 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
1691 slab_error(cachep, "start of a freed object "
1693 if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
1694 slab_error(cachep, "end of a freed object "
1697 if (cachep->dtor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
1698 (cachep->dtor) (objp + obj_offset(cachep), cachep, 0);
1702 static void slab_destroy_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
1706 for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
1707 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, i);
1708 (cachep->dtor) (objp, cachep, 0);
1715 * slab_destroy - destroy and release all objects in a slab
1716 * @cachep: cache pointer being destroyed
1717 * @slabp: slab pointer being destroyed
1719 * Destroy all the objs in a slab, and release the mem back to the system.
1720 * Before calling the slab must have been unlinked from the cache. The
1721 * cache-lock is not held/needed.
1723 static void slab_destroy(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
1725 void *addr = slabp->s_mem - slabp->colouroff;
1727 slab_destroy_objs(cachep, slabp);
1728 if (unlikely(cachep->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)) {
1729 struct slab_rcu *slab_rcu;
1731 slab_rcu = (struct slab_rcu *)slabp;
1732 slab_rcu->cachep = cachep;
1733 slab_rcu->addr = addr;
1734 call_rcu(&slab_rcu->head, kmem_rcu_free);
1736 kmem_freepages(cachep, addr);
1737 if (OFF_SLAB(cachep))
1738 kmem_cache_free(cachep->slabp_cache, slabp);
1743 * For setting up all the kmem_list3s for cache whose buffer_size is same as
1744 * size of kmem_list3.
1746 static void set_up_list3s(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int index)
1750 for_each_online_node(node) {
1751 cachep->nodelists[node] = &initkmem_list3[index + node];
1752 cachep->nodelists[node]->next_reap = jiffies +
1754 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
1759 * calculate_slab_order - calculate size (page order) of slabs
1760 * @cachep: pointer to the cache that is being created
1761 * @size: size of objects to be created in this cache.
1762 * @align: required alignment for the objects.
1763 * @flags: slab allocation flags
1765 * Also calculates the number of objects per slab.
1767 * This could be made much more intelligent. For now, try to avoid using
1768 * high order pages for slabs. When the gfp() functions are more friendly
1769 * towards high-order requests, this should be changed.
1771 static size_t calculate_slab_order(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
1772 size_t size, size_t align, unsigned long flags)
1774 size_t left_over = 0;
1777 for (gfporder = 0; gfporder <= MAX_GFP_ORDER; gfporder++) {
1781 cache_estimate(gfporder, size, align, flags, &remainder, &num);
1785 /* More than offslab_limit objects will cause problems */
1786 if ((flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) && num > offslab_limit)
1789 /* Found something acceptable - save it away */
1791 cachep->gfporder = gfporder;
1792 left_over = remainder;
1795 * A VFS-reclaimable slab tends to have most allocations
1796 * as GFP_NOFS and we really don't want to have to be allocating
1797 * higher-order pages when we are unable to shrink dcache.
1799 if (flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
1803 * Large number of objects is good, but very large slabs are
1804 * currently bad for the gfp()s.
1806 if (gfporder >= slab_break_gfp_order)
1810 * Acceptable internal fragmentation?
1812 if (left_over * 8 <= (PAGE_SIZE << gfporder))
1818 static void setup_cpu_cache(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
1820 if (g_cpucache_up == FULL) {
1821 enable_cpucache(cachep);
1824 if (g_cpucache_up == NONE) {
1826 * Note: the first kmem_cache_create must create the cache
1827 * that's used by kmalloc(24), otherwise the creation of
1828 * further caches will BUG().
1830 cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = &initarray_generic.cache;
1833 * If the cache that's used by kmalloc(sizeof(kmem_list3)) is
1834 * the first cache, then we need to set up all its list3s,
1835 * otherwise the creation of further caches will BUG().
1837 set_up_list3s(cachep, SIZE_AC);
1838 if (INDEX_AC == INDEX_L3)
1839 g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL_L3;
1841 g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL_AC;
1843 cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] =
1844 kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
1846 if (g_cpucache_up == PARTIAL_AC) {
1847 set_up_list3s(cachep, SIZE_L3);
1848 g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL_L3;
1851 for_each_online_node(node) {
1852 cachep->nodelists[node] =
1853 kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct kmem_list3),
1855 BUG_ON(!cachep->nodelists[node]);
1856 kmem_list3_init(cachep->nodelists[node]);
1860 cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()]->next_reap =
1861 jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
1862 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
1864 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->avail = 0;
1865 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES;
1866 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->batchcount = 1;
1867 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->touched = 0;
1868 cachep->batchcount = 1;
1869 cachep->limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES;
1873 * kmem_cache_create - Create a cache.
1874 * @name: A string which is used in /proc/slabinfo to identify this cache.
1875 * @size: The size of objects to be created in this cache.
1876 * @align: The required alignment for the objects.
1877 * @flags: SLAB flags
1878 * @ctor: A constructor for the objects.
1879 * @dtor: A destructor for the objects.
1881 * Returns a ptr to the cache on success, NULL on failure.
1882 * Cannot be called within a int, but can be interrupted.
1883 * The @ctor is run when new pages are allocated by the cache
1884 * and the @dtor is run before the pages are handed back.
1886 * @name must be valid until the cache is destroyed. This implies that
1887 * the module calling this has to destroy the cache before getting unloaded.
1891 * %SLAB_POISON - Poison the slab with a known test pattern (a5a5a5a5)
1892 * to catch references to uninitialised memory.
1894 * %SLAB_RED_ZONE - Insert `Red' zones around the allocated memory to check
1895 * for buffer overruns.
1897 * %SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN - Align the objects in this cache to a hardware
1898 * cacheline. This can be beneficial if you're counting cycles as closely
1902 kmem_cache_create (const char *name, size_t size, size_t align,
1903 unsigned long flags,
1904 void (*ctor)(void*, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long),
1905 void (*dtor)(void*, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long))
1907 size_t left_over, slab_size, ralign;
1908 struct kmem_cache *cachep = NULL;
1909 struct list_head *p;
1912 * Sanity checks... these are all serious usage bugs.
1914 if (!name || in_interrupt() || (size < BYTES_PER_WORD) ||
1915 (size > (1 << MAX_OBJ_ORDER) * PAGE_SIZE) || (dtor && !ctor)) {
1916 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Early error in slab %s\n", __FUNCTION__,
1922 * Prevent CPUs from coming and going.
1923 * lock_cpu_hotplug() nests outside cache_chain_mutex
1927 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1929 list_for_each(p, &cache_chain) {
1930 struct kmem_cache *pc = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, next);
1931 mm_segment_t old_fs = get_fs();
1936 * This happens when the module gets unloaded and doesn't
1937 * destroy its slab cache and no-one else reuses the vmalloc
1938 * area of the module. Print a warning.
1941 res = __get_user(tmp, pc->name);
1944 printk("SLAB: cache with size %d has lost its name\n",
1949 if (!strcmp(pc->name, name)) {
1950 printk("kmem_cache_create: duplicate cache %s\n", name);
1957 WARN_ON(strchr(name, ' ')); /* It confuses parsers */
1958 if ((flags & SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) && !ctor) {
1959 /* No constructor, but inital state check requested */
1960 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: No con, but init state check "
1961 "requested - %s\n", __FUNCTION__, name);
1962 flags &= ~SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL;
1966 * Enable redzoning and last user accounting, except for caches with
1967 * large objects, if the increased size would increase the object size
1968 * above the next power of two: caches with object sizes just above a
1969 * power of two have a significant amount of internal fragmentation.
1971 if (size < 4096 || fls(size - 1) == fls(size-1 + 3 * BYTES_PER_WORD))
1972 flags |= SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER;
1973 if (!(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
1974 flags |= SLAB_POISON;
1976 if (flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
1977 BUG_ON(flags & SLAB_POISON);
1979 if (flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
1983 * Always checks flags, a caller might be expecting debug support which
1986 BUG_ON(flags & ~CREATE_MASK);
1989 * Check that size is in terms of words. This is needed to avoid
1990 * unaligned accesses for some archs when redzoning is used, and makes
1991 * sure any on-slab bufctl's are also correctly aligned.
1993 if (size & (BYTES_PER_WORD - 1)) {
1994 size += (BYTES_PER_WORD - 1);
1995 size &= ~(BYTES_PER_WORD - 1);
1998 /* calculate the final buffer alignment: */
2000 /* 1) arch recommendation: can be overridden for debug */
2001 if (flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN) {
2003 * Default alignment: as specified by the arch code. Except if
2004 * an object is really small, then squeeze multiple objects into
2007 ralign = cache_line_size();
2008 while (size <= ralign / 2)
2011 ralign = BYTES_PER_WORD;
2013 /* 2) arch mandated alignment: disables debug if necessary */
2014 if (ralign < ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN) {
2015 ralign = ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN;
2016 if (ralign > BYTES_PER_WORD)
2017 flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER);
2019 /* 3) caller mandated alignment: disables debug if necessary */
2020 if (ralign < align) {
2022 if (ralign > BYTES_PER_WORD)
2023 flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER);
2026 * 4) Store it. Note that the debug code below can reduce
2027 * the alignment to BYTES_PER_WORD.
2031 /* Get cache's description obj. */
2032 cachep = kmem_cache_zalloc(&cache_cache, SLAB_KERNEL);
2037 cachep->obj_size = size;
2039 if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2040 /* redzoning only works with word aligned caches */
2041 align = BYTES_PER_WORD;
2043 /* add space for red zone words */
2044 cachep->obj_offset += BYTES_PER_WORD;
2045 size += 2 * BYTES_PER_WORD;
2047 if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
2048 /* user store requires word alignment and
2049 * one word storage behind the end of the real
2052 align = BYTES_PER_WORD;
2053 size += BYTES_PER_WORD;
2055 #if FORCED_DEBUG && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC)
2056 if (size >= malloc_sizes[INDEX_L3 + 1].cs_size
2057 && cachep->obj_size > cache_line_size() && size < PAGE_SIZE) {
2058 cachep->obj_offset += PAGE_SIZE - size;
2064 /* Determine if the slab management is 'on' or 'off' slab. */
2065 if (size >= (PAGE_SIZE >> 3))
2067 * Size is large, assume best to place the slab management obj
2068 * off-slab (should allow better packing of objs).
2070 flags |= CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
2072 size = ALIGN(size, align);
2074 left_over = calculate_slab_order(cachep, size, align, flags);
2077 printk("kmem_cache_create: couldn't create cache %s.\n", name);
2078 kmem_cache_free(&cache_cache, cachep);
2082 slab_size = ALIGN(cachep->num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t)
2083 + sizeof(struct slab), align);
2086 * If the slab has been placed off-slab, and we have enough space then
2087 * move it on-slab. This is at the expense of any extra colouring.
2089 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB && left_over >= slab_size) {
2090 flags &= ~CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
2091 left_over -= slab_size;
2094 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
2095 /* really off slab. No need for manual alignment */
2097 cachep->num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t) + sizeof(struct slab);
2100 cachep->colour_off = cache_line_size();
2101 /* Offset must be a multiple of the alignment. */
2102 if (cachep->colour_off < align)
2103 cachep->colour_off = align;
2104 cachep->colour = left_over / cachep->colour_off;
2105 cachep->slab_size = slab_size;
2106 cachep->flags = flags;
2107 cachep->gfpflags = 0;
2108 if (flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
2109 cachep->gfpflags |= GFP_DMA;
2110 cachep->buffer_size = size;
2112 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)
2113 cachep->slabp_cache = kmem_find_general_cachep(slab_size, 0u);
2114 cachep->ctor = ctor;
2115 cachep->dtor = dtor;
2116 cachep->name = name;
2119 setup_cpu_cache(cachep);
2121 /* cache setup completed, link it into the list */
2122 list_add(&cachep->next, &cache_chain);
2124 if (!cachep && (flags & SLAB_PANIC))
2125 panic("kmem_cache_create(): failed to create slab `%s'\n",
2127 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2128 unlock_cpu_hotplug();
2131 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_create);
2134 static void check_irq_off(void)
2136 BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
2139 static void check_irq_on(void)
2141 BUG_ON(irqs_disabled());
2144 static void check_spinlock_acquired(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2148 assert_spin_locked(&cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()]->list_lock);
2152 static void check_spinlock_acquired_node(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int node)
2156 assert_spin_locked(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
2161 #define check_irq_off() do { } while(0)
2162 #define check_irq_on() do { } while(0)
2163 #define check_spinlock_acquired(x) do { } while(0)
2164 #define check_spinlock_acquired_node(x, y) do { } while(0)
2167 static void drain_array(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *l3,
2168 struct array_cache *ac,
2169 int force, int node);
2171 static void do_drain(void *arg)
2173 struct kmem_cache *cachep = arg;
2174 struct array_cache *ac;
2175 int node = numa_node_id();
2178 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2179 spin_lock(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
2180 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, ac->avail, node);
2181 spin_unlock(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
2185 static void drain_cpu_caches(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2187 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2190 on_each_cpu(do_drain, cachep, 1, 1);
2192 for_each_online_node(node) {
2193 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
2195 drain_array(cachep, l3, l3->shared, 1, node);
2197 drain_alien_cache(cachep, l3->alien);
2202 static int __node_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int node)
2205 struct kmem_list3 *l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
2209 struct list_head *p;
2211 p = l3->slabs_free.prev;
2212 if (p == &l3->slabs_free)
2215 slabp = list_entry(l3->slabs_free.prev, struct slab, list);
2217 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
2219 list_del(&slabp->list);
2221 l3->free_objects -= cachep->num;
2222 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2223 slab_destroy(cachep, slabp);
2224 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2226 ret = !list_empty(&l3->slabs_full) || !list_empty(&l3->slabs_partial);
2230 static int __cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2233 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2235 drain_cpu_caches(cachep);
2238 for_each_online_node(i) {
2239 l3 = cachep->nodelists[i];
2241 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2242 ret += __node_shrink(cachep, i);
2243 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2246 return (ret ? 1 : 0);
2250 * kmem_cache_shrink - Shrink a cache.
2251 * @cachep: The cache to shrink.
2253 * Releases as many slabs as possible for a cache.
2254 * To help debugging, a zero exit status indicates all slabs were released.
2256 int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2258 BUG_ON(!cachep || in_interrupt());
2260 return __cache_shrink(cachep);
2262 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_shrink);
2265 * kmem_cache_destroy - delete a cache
2266 * @cachep: the cache to destroy
2268 * Remove a struct kmem_cache object from the slab cache.
2269 * Returns 0 on success.
2271 * It is expected this function will be called by a module when it is
2272 * unloaded. This will remove the cache completely, and avoid a duplicate
2273 * cache being allocated each time a module is loaded and unloaded, if the
2274 * module doesn't have persistent in-kernel storage across loads and unloads.
2276 * The cache must be empty before calling this function.
2278 * The caller must guarantee that noone will allocate memory from the cache
2279 * during the kmem_cache_destroy().
2281 int kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2284 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2286 BUG_ON(!cachep || in_interrupt());
2288 /* Don't let CPUs to come and go */
2291 /* Find the cache in the chain of caches. */
2292 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2294 * the chain is never empty, cache_cache is never destroyed
2296 list_del(&cachep->next);
2297 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2299 if (__cache_shrink(cachep)) {
2300 slab_error(cachep, "Can't free all objects");
2301 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2302 list_add(&cachep->next, &cache_chain);
2303 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2304 unlock_cpu_hotplug();
2308 if (unlikely(cachep->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
2311 for_each_online_cpu(i)
2312 kfree(cachep->array[i]);
2314 /* NUMA: free the list3 structures */
2315 for_each_online_node(i) {
2316 l3 = cachep->nodelists[i];
2319 free_alien_cache(l3->alien);
2323 kmem_cache_free(&cache_cache, cachep);
2324 unlock_cpu_hotplug();
2327 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_destroy);
2329 /* Get the memory for a slab management obj. */
2330 static struct slab *alloc_slabmgmt(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp,
2331 int colour_off, gfp_t local_flags,
2336 if (OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
2337 /* Slab management obj is off-slab. */
2338 slabp = kmem_cache_alloc_node(cachep->slabp_cache,
2339 local_flags, nodeid);
2343 slabp = objp + colour_off;
2344 colour_off += cachep->slab_size;
2347 slabp->colouroff = colour_off;
2348 slabp->s_mem = objp + colour_off;
2349 slabp->nodeid = nodeid;
2353 static inline kmem_bufctl_t *slab_bufctl(struct slab *slabp)
2355 return (kmem_bufctl_t *) (slabp + 1);
2358 static void cache_init_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2359 struct slab *slabp, unsigned long ctor_flags)
2363 for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
2364 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, i);
2366 /* need to poison the objs? */
2367 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
2368 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
2369 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2370 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = NULL;
2372 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2373 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2374 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2377 * Constructors are not allowed to allocate memory from the same
2378 * cache which they are a constructor for. Otherwise, deadlock.
2379 * They must also be threaded.
2381 if (cachep->ctor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
2382 cachep->ctor(objp + obj_offset(cachep), cachep,
2385 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2386 if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
2387 slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
2388 " end of an object");
2389 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
2390 slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
2391 " start of an object");
2393 if ((cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 &&
2394 OFF_SLAB(cachep) && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
2395 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
2396 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 0);
2399 cachep->ctor(objp, cachep, ctor_flags);
2401 slab_bufctl(slabp)[i] = i + 1;
2403 slab_bufctl(slabp)[i - 1] = BUFCTL_END;
2407 static void kmem_flagcheck(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2409 if (flags & SLAB_DMA)
2410 BUG_ON(!(cachep->gfpflags & GFP_DMA));
2412 BUG_ON(cachep->gfpflags & GFP_DMA);
2415 static void *slab_get_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp,
2418 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, slabp->free);
2422 next = slab_bufctl(slabp)[slabp->free];
2424 slab_bufctl(slabp)[slabp->free] = BUFCTL_FREE;
2425 WARN_ON(slabp->nodeid != nodeid);
2432 static void slab_put_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp,
2433 void *objp, int nodeid)
2435 unsigned int objnr = obj_to_index(cachep, slabp, objp);
2438 /* Verify that the slab belongs to the intended node */
2439 WARN_ON(slabp->nodeid != nodeid);
2441 if (slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] + 1 <= SLAB_LIMIT + 1) {
2442 printk(KERN_ERR "slab: double free detected in cache "
2443 "'%s', objp %p\n", cachep->name, objp);
2447 slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = slabp->free;
2448 slabp->free = objnr;
2452 static void set_slab_attr(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp,
2458 /* Nasty!!!!!! I hope this is OK. */
2459 page = virt_to_page(objp);
2462 if (likely(!PageCompound(page)))
2463 i <<= cachep->gfporder;
2465 page_set_cache(page, cachep);
2466 page_set_slab(page, slabp);
2472 * Grow (by 1) the number of slabs within a cache. This is called by
2473 * kmem_cache_alloc() when there are no active objs left in a cache.
2475 static int cache_grow(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, int nodeid)
2481 unsigned long ctor_flags;
2482 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2485 * Be lazy and only check for valid flags here, keeping it out of the
2486 * critical path in kmem_cache_alloc().
2488 BUG_ON(flags & ~(SLAB_DMA | SLAB_LEVEL_MASK | SLAB_NO_GROW));
2489 if (flags & SLAB_NO_GROW)
2492 ctor_flags = SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR;
2493 local_flags = (flags & SLAB_LEVEL_MASK);
2494 if (!(local_flags & __GFP_WAIT))
2496 * Not allowed to sleep. Need to tell a constructor about
2497 * this - it might need to know...
2499 ctor_flags |= SLAB_CTOR_ATOMIC;
2501 /* Take the l3 list lock to change the colour_next on this node */
2503 l3 = cachep->nodelists[nodeid];
2504 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2506 /* Get colour for the slab, and cal the next value. */
2507 offset = l3->colour_next;
2509 if (l3->colour_next >= cachep->colour)
2510 l3->colour_next = 0;
2511 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2513 offset *= cachep->colour_off;
2515 if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2519 * The test for missing atomic flag is performed here, rather than
2520 * the more obvious place, simply to reduce the critical path length
2521 * in kmem_cache_alloc(). If a caller is seriously mis-behaving they
2522 * will eventually be caught here (where it matters).
2524 kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);
2527 * Get mem for the objs. Attempt to allocate a physical page from
2530 objp = kmem_getpages(cachep, flags, nodeid);
2534 /* Get slab management. */
2535 slabp = alloc_slabmgmt(cachep, objp, offset, local_flags, nodeid);
2539 slabp->nodeid = nodeid;
2540 set_slab_attr(cachep, slabp, objp);
2542 cache_init_objs(cachep, slabp, ctor_flags);
2544 if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2545 local_irq_disable();
2547 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2549 /* Make slab active. */
2550 list_add_tail(&slabp->list, &(l3->slabs_free));
2551 STATS_INC_GROWN(cachep);
2552 l3->free_objects += cachep->num;
2553 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2556 kmem_freepages(cachep, objp);
2558 if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2559 local_irq_disable();
2566 * Perform extra freeing checks:
2567 * - detect bad pointers.
2568 * - POISON/RED_ZONE checking
2569 * - destructor calls, for caches with POISON+dtor
2571 static void kfree_debugcheck(const void *objp)
2575 if (!virt_addr_valid(objp)) {
2576 printk(KERN_ERR "kfree_debugcheck: out of range ptr %lxh.\n",
2577 (unsigned long)objp);
2580 page = virt_to_page(objp);
2581 if (!PageSlab(page)) {
2582 printk(KERN_ERR "kfree_debugcheck: bad ptr %lxh.\n",
2583 (unsigned long)objp);
2588 static void *cache_free_debugcheck(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp,
2595 objp -= obj_offset(cachep);
2596 kfree_debugcheck(objp);
2597 page = virt_to_page(objp);
2599 if (page_get_cache(page) != cachep) {
2600 printk(KERN_ERR "mismatch in kmem_cache_free: expected "
2601 "cache %p, got %p\n",
2602 page_get_cache(page), cachep);
2603 printk(KERN_ERR "%p is %s.\n", cachep, cachep->name);
2604 printk(KERN_ERR "%p is %s.\n", page_get_cache(page),
2605 page_get_cache(page)->name);
2608 slabp = page_get_slab(page);
2610 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2611 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_ACTIVE ||
2612 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_ACTIVE) {
2613 slab_error(cachep, "double free, or memory outside"
2614 " object was overwritten");
2615 printk(KERN_ERR "%p: redzone 1:0x%lx, "
2616 "redzone 2:0x%lx.\n",
2617 objp, *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp),
2618 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
2620 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2621 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2623 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2624 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = caller;
2626 objnr = obj_to_index(cachep, slabp, objp);
2628 BUG_ON(objnr >= cachep->num);
2629 BUG_ON(objp != index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, objnr));
2631 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) {
2633 * Need to call the slab's constructor so the caller can
2634 * perform a verify of its state (debugging). Called without
2635 * the cache-lock held.
2637 cachep->ctor(objp + obj_offset(cachep),
2638 cachep, SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR | SLAB_CTOR_VERIFY);
2640 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON && cachep->dtor) {
2641 /* we want to cache poison the object,
2642 * call the destruction callback
2644 cachep->dtor(objp + obj_offset(cachep), cachep, 0);
2646 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
2647 slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = BUFCTL_FREE;
2649 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
2650 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
2651 if ((cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE)==0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
2652 store_stackinfo(cachep, objp, (unsigned long)caller);
2653 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
2654 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 0);
2656 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
2659 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
2665 static void check_slabp(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
2670 /* Check slab's freelist to see if this obj is there. */
2671 for (i = slabp->free; i != BUFCTL_END; i = slab_bufctl(slabp)[i]) {
2673 if (entries > cachep->num || i >= cachep->num)
2676 if (entries != cachep->num - slabp->inuse) {
2678 printk(KERN_ERR "slab: Internal list corruption detected in "
2679 "cache '%s'(%d), slabp %p(%d). Hexdump:\n",
2680 cachep->name, cachep->num, slabp, slabp->inuse);
2682 i < sizeof(*slabp) + cachep->num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);
2685 printk("\n%03x:", i);
2686 printk(" %02x", ((unsigned char *)slabp)[i]);
2693 #define kfree_debugcheck(x) do { } while(0)
2694 #define cache_free_debugcheck(x,objp,z) (objp)
2695 #define check_slabp(x,y) do { } while(0)
2698 static void *cache_alloc_refill(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2701 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2702 struct array_cache *ac;
2705 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2707 batchcount = ac->batchcount;
2708 if (!ac->touched && batchcount > BATCHREFILL_LIMIT) {
2710 * If there was little recent activity on this cache, then
2711 * perform only a partial refill. Otherwise we could generate
2714 batchcount = BATCHREFILL_LIMIT;
2716 l3 = cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()];
2718 BUG_ON(ac->avail > 0 || !l3);
2719 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2721 /* See if we can refill from the shared array */
2722 if (l3->shared && transfer_objects(ac, l3->shared, batchcount))
2725 while (batchcount > 0) {
2726 struct list_head *entry;
2728 /* Get slab alloc is to come from. */
2729 entry = l3->slabs_partial.next;
2730 if (entry == &l3->slabs_partial) {
2731 l3->free_touched = 1;
2732 entry = l3->slabs_free.next;
2733 if (entry == &l3->slabs_free)
2737 slabp = list_entry(entry, struct slab, list);
2738 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2739 check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);
2740 while (slabp->inuse < cachep->num && batchcount--) {
2741 STATS_INC_ALLOCED(cachep);
2742 STATS_INC_ACTIVE(cachep);
2743 STATS_SET_HIGH(cachep);
2745 ac->entry[ac->avail++] = slab_get_obj(cachep, slabp,
2748 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2750 /* move slabp to correct slabp list: */
2751 list_del(&slabp->list);
2752 if (slabp->free == BUFCTL_END)
2753 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_full);
2755 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
2759 l3->free_objects -= ac->avail;
2761 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2763 if (unlikely(!ac->avail)) {
2765 x = cache_grow(cachep, flags, numa_node_id());
2767 /* cache_grow can reenable interrupts, then ac could change. */
2768 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2769 if (!x && ac->avail == 0) /* no objects in sight? abort */
2772 if (!ac->avail) /* objects refilled by interrupt? */
2776 return ac->entry[--ac->avail];
2779 static inline void cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2782 might_sleep_if(flags & __GFP_WAIT);
2784 kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);
2789 static void *cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2790 gfp_t flags, void *objp, void *caller)
2794 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
2795 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
2796 if ((cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep))
2797 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
2798 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 1);
2800 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
2802 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
2804 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_INUSE);
2806 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2807 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = caller;
2809 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2810 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE ||
2811 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE) {
2812 slab_error(cachep, "double free, or memory outside"
2813 " object was overwritten");
2815 "%p: redzone 1:0x%lx, redzone 2:0x%lx\n",
2816 objp, *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp),
2817 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
2819 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_ACTIVE;
2820 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_ACTIVE;
2822 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
2827 slabp = page_get_slab(virt_to_page(objp));
2828 objnr = (unsigned)(objp - slabp->s_mem) / cachep->buffer_size;
2829 slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = BUFCTL_ACTIVE;
2832 objp += obj_offset(cachep);
2833 if (cachep->ctor && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
2834 unsigned long ctor_flags = SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR;
2836 if (!(flags & __GFP_WAIT))
2837 ctor_flags |= SLAB_CTOR_ATOMIC;
2839 cachep->ctor(objp, cachep, ctor_flags);
2844 #define cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(a,b,objp,d) (objp)
2847 static inline void *____cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2850 struct array_cache *ac;
2853 if (unlikely(current->flags & (PF_SPREAD_SLAB | PF_MEMPOLICY))) {
2854 objp = alternate_node_alloc(cachep, flags);
2861 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2862 if (likely(ac->avail)) {
2863 STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(cachep);
2865 objp = ac->entry[--ac->avail];
2867 STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(cachep);
2868 objp = cache_alloc_refill(cachep, flags);
2873 static __always_inline void *__cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2874 gfp_t flags, void *caller)
2876 unsigned long save_flags;
2879 cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(cachep, flags);
2881 local_irq_save(save_flags);
2882 objp = ____cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
2883 local_irq_restore(save_flags);
2884 objp = cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(cachep, flags, objp,
2892 * Try allocating on another node if PF_SPREAD_SLAB|PF_MEMPOLICY.
2894 * If we are in_interrupt, then process context, including cpusets and
2895 * mempolicy, may not apply and should not be used for allocation policy.
2897 static void *alternate_node_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2899 int nid_alloc, nid_here;
2903 nid_alloc = nid_here = numa_node_id();
2904 if (cpuset_do_slab_mem_spread() && (cachep->flags & SLAB_MEM_SPREAD))
2905 nid_alloc = cpuset_mem_spread_node();
2906 else if (current->mempolicy)
2907 nid_alloc = slab_node(current->mempolicy);
2908 if (nid_alloc != nid_here)
2909 return __cache_alloc_node(cachep, flags, nid_alloc);
2914 * A interface to enable slab creation on nodeid
2916 static void *__cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags,
2919 struct list_head *entry;
2921 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2925 l3 = cachep->nodelists[nodeid];
2930 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2931 entry = l3->slabs_partial.next;
2932 if (entry == &l3->slabs_partial) {
2933 l3->free_touched = 1;
2934 entry = l3->slabs_free.next;
2935 if (entry == &l3->slabs_free)
2939 slabp = list_entry(entry, struct slab, list);
2940 check_spinlock_acquired_node(cachep, nodeid);
2941 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2943 STATS_INC_NODEALLOCS(cachep);
2944 STATS_INC_ACTIVE(cachep);
2945 STATS_SET_HIGH(cachep);
2947 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse == cachep->num);
2949 obj = slab_get_obj(cachep, slabp, nodeid);
2950 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2952 /* move slabp to correct slabp list: */
2953 list_del(&slabp->list);
2955 if (slabp->free == BUFCTL_END)
2956 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_full);
2958 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
2960 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2964 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2965 x = cache_grow(cachep, flags, nodeid);
2977 * Caller needs to acquire correct kmem_list's list_lock
2979 static void free_block(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void **objpp, int nr_objects,
2983 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2985 for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
2986 void *objp = objpp[i];
2989 slabp = virt_to_slab(objp);
2990 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
2991 list_del(&slabp->list);
2992 check_spinlock_acquired_node(cachep, node);
2993 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2994 slab_put_obj(cachep, slabp, objp, node);
2995 STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(cachep);
2997 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2999 /* fixup slab chains */
3000 if (slabp->inuse == 0) {
3001 if (l3->free_objects > l3->free_limit) {
3002 l3->free_objects -= cachep->num;
3003 slab_destroy(cachep, slabp);
3005 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_free);
3008 /* Unconditionally move a slab to the end of the
3009 * partial list on free - maximum time for the
3010 * other objects to be freed, too.
3012 list_add_tail(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
3017 static void cache_flusharray(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct array_cache *ac)
3020 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3021 int node = numa_node_id();
3023 batchcount = ac->batchcount;
3025 BUG_ON(!batchcount || batchcount > ac->avail);
3028 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3029 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
3031 struct array_cache *shared_array = l3->shared;
3032 int max = shared_array->limit - shared_array->avail;
3034 if (batchcount > max)
3036 memcpy(&(shared_array->entry[shared_array->avail]),
3037 ac->entry, sizeof(void *) * batchcount);
3038 shared_array->avail += batchcount;
3043 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, batchcount, node);
3048 struct list_head *p;
3050 p = l3->slabs_free.next;
3051 while (p != &(l3->slabs_free)) {
3054 slabp = list_entry(p, struct slab, list);
3055 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
3060 STATS_SET_FREEABLE(cachep, i);
3063 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
3064 ac->avail -= batchcount;
3065 memmove(ac->entry, &(ac->entry[batchcount]), sizeof(void *)*ac->avail);
3069 * Release an obj back to its cache. If the obj has a constructed state, it must
3070 * be in this state _before_ it is released. Called with disabled ints.
3072 static inline void __cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
3074 struct array_cache *ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
3077 objp = cache_free_debugcheck(cachep, objp, __builtin_return_address(0));
3079 /* Make sure we are not freeing a object from another
3080 * node to the array cache on this cpu.
3085 slabp = virt_to_slab(objp);
3086 if (unlikely(slabp->nodeid != numa_node_id())) {
3087 struct array_cache *alien = NULL;
3088 int nodeid = slabp->nodeid;
3089 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3091 l3 = cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()];
3092 STATS_INC_NODEFREES(cachep);
3093 if (l3->alien && l3->alien[nodeid]) {
3094 alien = l3->alien[nodeid];
3095 spin_lock(&alien->lock);
3096 if (unlikely(alien->avail == alien->limit)) {
3097 STATS_INC_ACOVERFLOW(cachep);
3098 __drain_alien_cache(cachep,
3101 alien->entry[alien->avail++] = objp;
3102 spin_unlock(&alien->lock);
3104 spin_lock(&(cachep->nodelists[nodeid])->
3106 free_block(cachep, &objp, 1, nodeid);
3107 spin_unlock(&(cachep->nodelists[nodeid])->
3114 if (likely(ac->avail < ac->limit)) {
3115 STATS_INC_FREEHIT(cachep);
3116 ac->entry[ac->avail++] = objp;
3119 STATS_INC_FREEMISS(cachep);
3120 cache_flusharray(cachep, ac);
3121 ac->entry[ac->avail++] = objp;
3126 * kmem_cache_alloc - Allocate an object
3127 * @cachep: The cache to allocate from.
3128 * @flags: See kmalloc().
3130 * Allocate an object from this cache. The flags are only relevant
3131 * if the cache has no available objects.
3133 void *kmem_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
3135 return __cache_alloc(cachep, flags, __builtin_return_address(0));
3137 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc);
3140 * kmem_cache_alloc - Allocate an object. The memory is set to zero.
3141 * @cache: The cache to allocate from.
3142 * @flags: See kmalloc().
3144 * Allocate an object from this cache and set the allocated memory to zero.
3145 * The flags are only relevant if the cache has no available objects.
3147 void *kmem_cache_zalloc(struct kmem_cache *cache, gfp_t flags)
3149 void *ret = __cache_alloc(cache, flags, __builtin_return_address(0));
3151 memset(ret, 0, obj_size(cache));
3154 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_zalloc);
3157 * kmem_ptr_validate - check if an untrusted pointer might
3159 * @cachep: the cache we're checking against
3160 * @ptr: pointer to validate
3162 * This verifies that the untrusted pointer looks sane:
3163 * it is _not_ a guarantee that the pointer is actually
3164 * part of the slab cache in question, but it at least
3165 * validates that the pointer can be dereferenced and
3166 * looks half-way sane.
3168 * Currently only used for dentry validation.
3170 int fastcall kmem_ptr_validate(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *ptr)
3172 unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)ptr;
3173 unsigned long min_addr = PAGE_OFFSET;
3174 unsigned long align_mask = BYTES_PER_WORD - 1;
3175 unsigned long size = cachep->buffer_size;
3178 if (unlikely(addr < min_addr))
3180 if (unlikely(addr > (unsigned long)high_memory - size))
3182 if (unlikely(addr & align_mask))
3184 if (unlikely(!kern_addr_valid(addr)))
3186 if (unlikely(!kern_addr_valid(addr + size - 1)))
3188 page = virt_to_page(ptr);
3189 if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page)))
3191 if (unlikely(page_get_cache(page) != cachep))
3200 * kmem_cache_alloc_node - Allocate an object on the specified node
3201 * @cachep: The cache to allocate from.
3202 * @flags: See kmalloc().
3203 * @nodeid: node number of the target node.
3205 * Identical to kmem_cache_alloc, except that this function is slow
3206 * and can sleep. And it will allocate memory on the given node, which
3207 * can improve the performance for cpu bound structures.
3208 * New and improved: it will now make sure that the object gets
3209 * put on the correct node list so that there is no false sharing.
3211 void *kmem_cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, int nodeid)
3213 unsigned long save_flags;
3216 cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(cachep, flags);
3217 local_irq_save(save_flags);
3219 if (nodeid == -1 || nodeid == numa_node_id() ||
3220 !cachep->nodelists[nodeid])
3221 ptr = ____cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
3223 ptr = __cache_alloc_node(cachep, flags, nodeid);
3224 local_irq_restore(save_flags);
3226 ptr = cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(cachep, flags, ptr,
3227 __builtin_return_address(0));
3231 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_node);
3233 void *kmalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
3235 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3237 cachep = kmem_find_general_cachep(size, flags);
3238 if (unlikely(cachep == NULL))
3240 return kmem_cache_alloc_node(cachep, flags, node);
3242 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmalloc_node);
3246 * kmalloc - allocate memory
3247 * @size: how many bytes of memory are required.
3248 * @flags: the type of memory to allocate.
3249 * @caller: function caller for debug tracking of the caller
3251 * kmalloc is the normal method of allocating memory
3254 * The @flags argument may be one of:
3256 * %GFP_USER - Allocate memory on behalf of user. May sleep.
3258 * %GFP_KERNEL - Allocate normal kernel ram. May sleep.
3260 * %GFP_ATOMIC - Allocation will not sleep. Use inside interrupt handlers.
3262 * Additionally, the %GFP_DMA flag may be set to indicate the memory
3263 * must be suitable for DMA. This can mean different things on different
3264 * platforms. For example, on i386, it means that the memory must come
3265 * from the first 16MB.
3267 static __always_inline void *__do_kmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags,
3270 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3272 /* If you want to save a few bytes .text space: replace
3274 * Then kmalloc uses the uninlined functions instead of the inline
3277 cachep = __find_general_cachep(size, flags);
3278 if (unlikely(cachep == NULL))
3280 return __cache_alloc(cachep, flags, caller);
3284 void *__kmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
3286 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
3287 return __do_kmalloc(size, flags, NULL);
3289 return __do_kmalloc(size, flags, __builtin_return_address(0));
3292 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc);
3294 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
3295 void *__kmalloc_track_caller(size_t size, gfp_t flags, void *caller)
3297 return __do_kmalloc(size, flags, caller);
3299 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc_track_caller);
3304 * __alloc_percpu - allocate one copy of the object for every present
3305 * cpu in the system, zeroing them.
3306 * Objects should be dereferenced using the per_cpu_ptr macro only.
3308 * @size: how many bytes of memory are required.
3310 void *__alloc_percpu(size_t size)
3313 struct percpu_data *pdata = kmalloc(sizeof(*pdata), GFP_KERNEL);
3319 * Cannot use for_each_online_cpu since a cpu may come online
3320 * and we have no way of figuring out how to fix the array
3321 * that we have allocated then....
3323 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
3324 int node = cpu_to_node(i);
3326 if (node_online(node))
3327 pdata->ptrs[i] = kmalloc_node(size, GFP_KERNEL, node);
3329 pdata->ptrs[i] = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
3331 if (!pdata->ptrs[i])
3333 memset(pdata->ptrs[i], 0, size);
3336 /* Catch derefs w/o wrappers */
3337 return (void *)(~(unsigned long)pdata);
3341 if (!cpu_possible(i))
3343 kfree(pdata->ptrs[i]);
3348 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__alloc_percpu);
3352 * kmem_cache_free - Deallocate an object
3353 * @cachep: The cache the allocation was from.
3354 * @objp: The previously allocated object.
3356 * Free an object which was previously allocated from this
3359 void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
3361 unsigned long flags;
3363 local_irq_save(flags);
3364 __cache_free(cachep, objp);
3365 local_irq_restore(flags);
3367 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_free);
3370 * kfree - free previously allocated memory
3371 * @objp: pointer returned by kmalloc.
3373 * If @objp is NULL, no operation is performed.
3375 * Don't free memory not originally allocated by kmalloc()
3376 * or you will run into trouble.
3378 void kfree(const void *objp)
3380 struct kmem_cache *c;
3381 unsigned long flags;
3383 if (unlikely(!objp))
3385 local_irq_save(flags);
3386 kfree_debugcheck(objp);
3387 c = virt_to_cache(objp);
3388 mutex_debug_check_no_locks_freed(objp, obj_size(c));
3389 __cache_free(c, (void *)objp);
3390 local_irq_restore(flags);
3392 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
3396 * free_percpu - free previously allocated percpu memory
3397 * @objp: pointer returned by alloc_percpu.
3399 * Don't free memory not originally allocated by alloc_percpu()
3400 * The complemented objp is to check for that.
3402 void free_percpu(const void *objp)
3405 struct percpu_data *p = (struct percpu_data *)(~(unsigned long)objp);
3408 * We allocate for all cpus so we cannot use for online cpu here.
3410 for_each_possible_cpu(i)
3414 EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_percpu);
3417 unsigned int kmem_cache_size(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3419 return obj_size(cachep);
3421 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_size);
3423 const char *kmem_cache_name(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3425 return cachep->name;
3427 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kmem_cache_name);
3430 * This initializes kmem_list3 or resizes varioius caches for all nodes.
3432 static int alloc_kmemlist(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3435 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3436 struct array_cache *new_shared;
3437 struct array_cache **new_alien;
3439 for_each_online_node(node) {
3441 new_alien = alloc_alien_cache(node, cachep->limit);
3445 new_shared = alloc_arraycache(node,
3446 cachep->shared*cachep->batchcount,
3449 free_alien_cache(new_alien);
3453 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3455 struct array_cache *shared = l3->shared;
3457 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3460 free_block(cachep, shared->entry,
3461 shared->avail, node);
3463 l3->shared = new_shared;
3465 l3->alien = new_alien;
3468 l3->free_limit = (1 + nr_cpus_node(node)) *
3469 cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
3470 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3472 free_alien_cache(new_alien);
3475 l3 = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct kmem_list3), GFP_KERNEL, node);
3477 free_alien_cache(new_alien);
3482 kmem_list3_init(l3);
3483 l3->next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
3484 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
3485 l3->shared = new_shared;
3486 l3->alien = new_alien;
3487 l3->free_limit = (1 + nr_cpus_node(node)) *
3488 cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
3489 cachep->nodelists[node] = l3;
3494 if (!cachep->next.next) {
3495 /* Cache is not active yet. Roll back what we did */
3498 if (cachep->nodelists[node]) {
3499 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3502 free_alien_cache(l3->alien);
3504 cachep->nodelists[node] = NULL;
3512 struct ccupdate_struct {
3513 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3514 struct array_cache *new[NR_CPUS];
3517 static void do_ccupdate_local(void *info)
3519 struct ccupdate_struct *new = info;
3520 struct array_cache *old;
3523 old = cpu_cache_get(new->cachep);
3525 new->cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = new->new[smp_processor_id()];
3526 new->new[smp_processor_id()] = old;
3529 /* Always called with the cache_chain_mutex held */
3530 static int do_tune_cpucache(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int limit,
3531 int batchcount, int shared)
3533 struct ccupdate_struct new;
3536 memset(&new.new, 0, sizeof(new.new));
3537 for_each_online_cpu(i) {
3538 new.new[i] = alloc_arraycache(cpu_to_node(i), limit,
3541 for (i--; i >= 0; i--)
3546 new.cachep = cachep;
3548 on_each_cpu(do_ccupdate_local, (void *)&new, 1, 1);
3551 cachep->batchcount = batchcount;
3552 cachep->limit = limit;
3553 cachep->shared = shared;
3555 for_each_online_cpu(i) {
3556 struct array_cache *ccold = new.new[i];
3559 spin_lock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[cpu_to_node(i)]->list_lock);
3560 free_block(cachep, ccold->entry, ccold->avail, cpu_to_node(i));
3561 spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[cpu_to_node(i)]->list_lock);
3565 err = alloc_kmemlist(cachep);
3567 printk(KERN_ERR "alloc_kmemlist failed for %s, error %d.\n",
3568 cachep->name, -err);
3574 /* Called with cache_chain_mutex held always */
3575 static void enable_cpucache(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3581 * The head array serves three purposes:
3582 * - create a LIFO ordering, i.e. return objects that are cache-warm
3583 * - reduce the number of spinlock operations.
3584 * - reduce the number of linked list operations on the slab and
3585 * bufctl chains: array operations are cheaper.
3586 * The numbers are guessed, we should auto-tune as described by
3589 if (cachep->buffer_size > 131072)
3591 else if (cachep->buffer_size > PAGE_SIZE)
3593 else if (cachep->buffer_size > 1024)
3595 else if (cachep->buffer_size > 256)
3601 * CPU bound tasks (e.g. network routing) can exhibit cpu bound
3602 * allocation behaviour: Most allocs on one cpu, most free operations
3603 * on another cpu. For these cases, an efficient object passing between
3604 * cpus is necessary. This is provided by a shared array. The array
3605 * replaces Bonwick's magazine layer.
3606 * On uniprocessor, it's functionally equivalent (but less efficient)
3607 * to a larger limit. Thus disabled by default.
3611 if (cachep->buffer_size <= PAGE_SIZE)
3617 * With debugging enabled, large batchcount lead to excessively long
3618 * periods with disabled local interrupts. Limit the batchcount
3623 err = do_tune_cpucache(cachep, limit, (limit + 1) / 2, shared);
3625 printk(KERN_ERR "enable_cpucache failed for %s, error %d.\n",
3626 cachep->name, -err);
3630 * Drain an array if it contains any elements taking the l3 lock only if
3631 * necessary. Note that the l3 listlock also protects the array_cache
3632 * if drain_array() is used on the shared array.
3634 void drain_array(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *l3,
3635 struct array_cache *ac, int force, int node)
3639 if (!ac || !ac->avail)
3641 if (ac->touched && !force) {
3644 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3646 tofree = force ? ac->avail : (ac->limit + 4) / 5;
3647 if (tofree > ac->avail)
3648 tofree = (ac->avail + 1) / 2;
3649 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, tofree, node);
3650 ac->avail -= tofree;
3651 memmove(ac->entry, &(ac->entry[tofree]),
3652 sizeof(void *) * ac->avail);
3654 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3659 * cache_reap - Reclaim memory from caches.
3660 * @unused: unused parameter
3662 * Called from workqueue/eventd every few seconds.
3664 * - clear the per-cpu caches for this CPU.
3665 * - return freeable pages to the main free memory pool.
3667 * If we cannot acquire the cache chain mutex then just give up - we'll try
3668 * again on the next iteration.
3670 static void cache_reap(void *unused)
3672 struct list_head *walk;
3673 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3674 int node = numa_node_id();
3676 if (!mutex_trylock(&cache_chain_mutex)) {
3677 /* Give up. Setup the next iteration. */
3678 schedule_delayed_work(&__get_cpu_var(reap_work),
3683 list_for_each(walk, &cache_chain) {
3684 struct kmem_cache *searchp;
3685 struct list_head *p;
3689 searchp = list_entry(walk, struct kmem_cache, next);
3693 * We only take the l3 lock if absolutely necessary and we
3694 * have established with reasonable certainty that
3695 * we can do some work if the lock was obtained.
3697 l3 = searchp->nodelists[node];
3699 reap_alien(searchp, l3);
3701 drain_array(searchp, l3, cpu_cache_get(searchp), 0, node);
3704 * These are racy checks but it does not matter
3705 * if we skip one check or scan twice.
3707 if (time_after(l3->next_reap, jiffies))
3710 l3->next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
3712 drain_array(searchp, l3, l3->shared, 0, node);
3714 if (l3->free_touched) {
3715 l3->free_touched = 0;
3719 tofree = (l3->free_limit + 5 * searchp->num - 1) /
3723 * Do not lock if there are no free blocks.
3725 if (list_empty(&l3->slabs_free))
3728 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3729 p = l3->slabs_free.next;
3730 if (p == &(l3->slabs_free)) {
3731 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3735 slabp = list_entry(p, struct slab, list);
3736 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
3737 list_del(&slabp->list);
3738 STATS_INC_REAPED(searchp);
3741 * Safe to drop the lock. The slab is no longer linked
3742 * to the cache. searchp cannot disappear, we hold
3745 l3->free_objects -= searchp->num;
3746 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3747 slab_destroy(searchp, slabp);
3748 } while (--tofree > 0);
3753 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3755 /* Set up the next iteration */
3756 schedule_delayed_work(&__get_cpu_var(reap_work), REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC);
3759 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
3761 static void print_slabinfo_header(struct seq_file *m)
3764 * Output format version, so at least we can change it
3765 * without _too_ many complaints.
3768 seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.1 (statistics)\n");
3770 seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.1\n");
3772 seq_puts(m, "# name <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> "
3773 "<objperslab> <pagesperslab>");
3774 seq_puts(m, " : tunables <limit> <batchcount> <sharedfactor>");
3775 seq_puts(m, " : slabdata <active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail>");
3777 seq_puts(m, " : globalstat <listallocs> <maxobjs> <grown> <reaped> "
3778 "<error> <maxfreeable> <nodeallocs> <remotefrees> <alienoverflow>");
3779 seq_puts(m, " : cpustat <allochit> <allocmiss> <freehit> <freemiss>");
3784 static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
3787 struct list_head *p;
3789 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3791 print_slabinfo_header(m);
3792 p = cache_chain.next;
3795 if (p == &cache_chain)
3798 return list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, next);
3801 static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
3803 struct kmem_cache *cachep = p;
3805 return cachep->next.next == &cache_chain ?
3806 NULL : list_entry(cachep->next.next, struct kmem_cache, next);
3809 static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
3811 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3814 static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
3816 struct kmem_cache *cachep = p;
3817 struct list_head *q;
3819 unsigned long active_objs;
3820 unsigned long num_objs;
3821 unsigned long active_slabs = 0;
3822 unsigned long num_slabs, free_objects = 0, shared_avail = 0;
3826 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3830 for_each_online_node(node) {
3831 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3836 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3838 list_for_each(q, &l3->slabs_full) {
3839 slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
3840 if (slabp->inuse != cachep->num && !error)
3841 error = "slabs_full accounting error";
3842 active_objs += cachep->num;
3845 list_for_each(q, &l3->slabs_partial) {
3846 slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
3847 if (slabp->inuse == cachep->num && !error)
3848 error = "slabs_partial inuse accounting error";
3849 if (!slabp->inuse && !error)
3850 error = "slabs_partial/inuse accounting error";
3851 active_objs += slabp->inuse;
3854 list_for_each(q, &l3->slabs_free) {
3855 slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
3856 if (slabp->inuse && !error)
3857 error = "slabs_free/inuse accounting error";
3860 free_objects += l3->free_objects;
3862 shared_avail += l3->shared->avail;
3864 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3866 num_slabs += active_slabs;
3867 num_objs = num_slabs * cachep->num;
3868 if (num_objs - active_objs != free_objects && !error)
3869 error = "free_objects accounting error";
3871 name = cachep->name;
3873 printk(KERN_ERR "slab: cache %s error: %s\n", name, error);
3875 seq_printf(m, "%-17s %6lu %6lu %6u %4u %4d",
3876 name, active_objs, num_objs, cachep->buffer_size,
3877 cachep->num, (1 << cachep->gfporder));
3878 seq_printf(m, " : tunables %4u %4u %4u",
3879 cachep->limit, cachep->batchcount, cachep->shared);
3880 seq_printf(m, " : slabdata %6lu %6lu %6lu",
3881 active_slabs, num_slabs, shared_avail);
3884 unsigned long high = cachep->high_mark;
3885 unsigned long allocs = cachep->num_allocations;
3886 unsigned long grown = cachep->grown;
3887 unsigned long reaped = cachep->reaped;
3888 unsigned long errors = cachep->errors;
3889 unsigned long max_freeable = cachep->max_freeable;
3890 unsigned long node_allocs = cachep->node_allocs;
3891 unsigned long node_frees = cachep->node_frees;
3892 unsigned long overflows = cachep->node_overflow;
3894 seq_printf(m, " : globalstat %7lu %6lu %5lu %4lu \
3895 %4lu %4lu %4lu %4lu %4lu", allocs, high, grown,
3896 reaped, errors, max_freeable, node_allocs,
3897 node_frees, overflows);
3901 unsigned long allochit = atomic_read(&cachep->allochit);
3902 unsigned long allocmiss = atomic_read(&cachep->allocmiss);
3903 unsigned long freehit = atomic_read(&cachep->freehit);
3904 unsigned long freemiss = atomic_read(&cachep->freemiss);
3906 seq_printf(m, " : cpustat %6lu %6lu %6lu %6lu",
3907 allochit, allocmiss, freehit, freemiss);
3915 * slabinfo_op - iterator that generates /proc/slabinfo
3924 * num-pages-per-slab
3925 * + further values on SMP and with statistics enabled
3928 struct seq_operations slabinfo_op = {
3935 #define MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE 128
3937 * slabinfo_write - Tuning for the slab allocator
3939 * @buffer: user buffer
3940 * @count: data length
3943 ssize_t slabinfo_write(struct file *file, const char __user * buffer,
3944 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
3946 char kbuf[MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE + 1], *tmp;
3947 int limit, batchcount, shared, res;
3948 struct list_head *p;
3950 if (count > MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE)
3952 if (copy_from_user(&kbuf, buffer, count))
3954 kbuf[MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE] = '\0';
3956 tmp = strchr(kbuf, ' ');
3961 if (sscanf(tmp, " %d %d %d", &limit, &batchcount, &shared) != 3)
3964 /* Find the cache in the chain of caches. */
3965 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3967 list_for_each(p, &cache_chain) {
3968 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3970 cachep = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, next);
3971 if (!strcmp(cachep->name, kbuf)) {
3972 if (limit < 1 || batchcount < 1 ||
3973 batchcount > limit || shared < 0) {
3976 res = do_tune_cpucache(cachep, limit,
3977 batchcount, shared);
3982 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3988 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
3990 static void *leaks_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
3993 struct list_head *p;
3995 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3996 p = cache_chain.next;
3999 if (p == &cache_chain)
4002 return list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, next);
4005 static inline int add_caller(unsigned long *n, unsigned long v)
4015 unsigned long *q = p + 2 * i;
4029 memmove(p + 2, p, n[1] * 2 * sizeof(unsigned long) - ((void *)p - (void *)n));
4035 static void handle_slab(unsigned long *n, struct kmem_cache *c, struct slab *s)
4041 for (i = 0, p = s->s_mem; i < c->num; i++, p += c->buffer_size) {
4042 if (slab_bufctl(s)[i] != BUFCTL_ACTIVE)
4044 if (!add_caller(n, (unsigned long)*dbg_userword(c, p)))
4049 static void show_symbol(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long address)
4051 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
4054 unsigned long offset, size;
4055 char namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN+1];
4057 name = kallsyms_lookup(address, &size, &offset, &modname, namebuf);
4060 seq_printf(m, "%s+%#lx/%#lx", name, offset, size);
4062 seq_printf(m, " [%s]", modname);
4066 seq_printf(m, "%p", (void *)address);
4069 static int leaks_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
4071 struct kmem_cache *cachep = p;
4072 struct list_head *q;
4074 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
4076 unsigned long *n = m->private;
4080 if (!(cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
4082 if (!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE))
4085 /* OK, we can do it */
4089 for_each_online_node(node) {
4090 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
4095 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
4097 list_for_each(q, &l3->slabs_full) {
4098 slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
4099 handle_slab(n, cachep, slabp);
4101 list_for_each(q, &l3->slabs_partial) {
4102 slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
4103 handle_slab(n, cachep, slabp);
4105 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
4107 name = cachep->name;
4109 /* Increase the buffer size */
4110 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
4111 m->private = kzalloc(n[0] * 4 * sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
4113 /* Too bad, we are really out */
4115 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
4118 *(unsigned long *)m->private = n[0] * 2;
4120 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
4121 /* Now make sure this entry will be retried */
4125 for (i = 0; i < n[1]; i++) {
4126 seq_printf(m, "%s: %lu ", name, n[2*i+3]);
4127 show_symbol(m, n[2*i+2]);
4133 struct seq_operations slabstats_op = {
4134 .start = leaks_start,
4143 * ksize - get the actual amount of memory allocated for a given object
4144 * @objp: Pointer to the object
4146 * kmalloc may internally round up allocations and return more memory
4147 * than requested. ksize() can be used to determine the actual amount of
4148 * memory allocated. The caller may use this additional memory, even though
4149 * a smaller amount of memory was initially specified with the kmalloc call.
4150 * The caller must guarantee that objp points to a valid object previously
4151 * allocated with either kmalloc() or kmem_cache_alloc(). The object
4152 * must not be freed during the duration of the call.
4154 unsigned int ksize(const void *objp)
4156 if (unlikely(objp == NULL))
4159 return obj_size(virt_to_cache(objp));