2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
162 port - port # for AD1848 chip
163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
169 The power-management is supported.
174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
179 This module supports multiple cards.
184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
192 The power-management is supported.
197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
201 The power-management is supported.
206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
208 This module supports multiple cards.
210 The power-management is supported.
215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
222 The power-management is supported.
227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
233 instead of probing. If this works for you
234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
236 -1 -- Default behavior.
237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
240 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
247 The power-management is supported.
249 Module snd-atiixp-modem
250 -----------------------
252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
259 The power-management is supported.
261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
262 -----------------------------------------
264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
267 0 = Disable all workarounds
268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
271 3 = Force both settings
272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
290 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
292 This module supports multiple cards.
297 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
299 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
301 The power-management is supported.
306 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
308 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
310 This module supports multiple cards.
315 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
317 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
318 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
320 This module supports multiple cards.
322 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
328 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
330 This module supports multiple cards.
336 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
338 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
340 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
342 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
343 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
344 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
345 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
346 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
347 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
348 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
350 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
352 The power-management is supported.
357 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
359 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
360 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
361 0 = disable (default)
362 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
364 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
366 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
368 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
370 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
372 The power-management is supported.
377 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
379 port - port # for CS4231 chip
380 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
381 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
382 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
383 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
384 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
386 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
387 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
389 The power-management is supported.
394 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
396 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
398 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
400 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
401 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
402 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
403 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
404 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
405 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
406 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
407 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
409 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
410 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are
413 The power-management is supported.
418 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
419 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
421 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
423 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
425 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
426 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
427 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
428 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
429 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
430 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
431 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
432 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
434 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
435 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
436 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
438 The power-management is supported.
443 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
445 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
447 This module supports multiple cards.
449 The power-management is supported.
454 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
455 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
457 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
458 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
459 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
461 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
462 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
463 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
466 The power-management is supported.
471 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
473 Module snd-cs5535audio
474 ----------------------
476 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
478 The power-management is supported.
483 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
485 This module supports multiple cards.
486 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
491 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
493 This module supports multiple cards.
494 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
499 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
502 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
505 The power-management is supported.
510 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
511 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
512 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
514 The power-management is supported.
519 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
521 This module supports multiple cards.
522 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
527 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
528 * Sound Blaster Live!
529 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
530 * Emu APS (partially supported)
531 * Sound Blaster Audigy
533 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
534 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
535 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
536 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
537 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
538 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
539 enable_ir - enable IR
541 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
543 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
544 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
545 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
546 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
547 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
548 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
549 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
550 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
551 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
552 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
553 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
554 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
555 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
557 The power-management is supported.
562 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
564 This module supports multiple cards.
569 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
570 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
571 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
573 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
575 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
577 The power-management is supported.
582 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
583 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
584 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
585 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
587 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
588 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
590 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
592 The power-management is supported.
597 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
599 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
601 The power-management is supported.
606 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
608 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
609 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
610 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
611 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
612 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
614 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
619 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
621 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
623 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
625 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
626 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
627 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
628 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
629 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
630 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
632 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
633 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
634 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
636 The power-management is supported.
641 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
643 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
645 The power-management is supported.
650 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
652 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
653 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
654 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
655 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
656 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
658 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
659 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
661 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
663 The power-management is supported.
668 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
670 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
671 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
672 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
673 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
674 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
675 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
677 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
679 The power-management is supported.
684 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
686 This module supports multiple cards.
687 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
692 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
694 This module supports multiple cards.
695 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
697 Module snd-gusclassic
698 ---------------------
700 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
702 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
703 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
704 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
705 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
706 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
707 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
708 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
710 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
712 Module snd-gusextreme
713 ---------------------
715 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
717 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
718 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
719 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
720 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
721 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
722 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
723 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
724 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
725 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
726 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
727 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
729 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
734 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
736 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
737 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
738 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
739 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
740 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
741 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
742 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
744 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
749 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
751 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
752 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
756 [Multiple options for each card instance]
757 model - force the model name
758 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
759 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
760 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
761 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
762 slots regardless what hardware reports back
763 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
764 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
765 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
766 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
767 value based on the controller chip.
769 [Single (global) options]
770 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
771 codecs (for debugging only)
772 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
773 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
775 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
778 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
780 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
783 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
784 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
785 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
786 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
787 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
788 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
790 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
791 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
792 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
794 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
795 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
796 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
797 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
799 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
800 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
802 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
803 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
804 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
805 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
806 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
807 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
810 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
811 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
812 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
813 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
814 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
815 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
816 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
817 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
818 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
819 avoided as much as possible...
821 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
822 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
823 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
824 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
825 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
826 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
827 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
828 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
829 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
830 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
832 The power-management is supported.
837 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
839 This module supports multiple cards.
841 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
842 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
843 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
845 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
847 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
848 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
849 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
850 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
851 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
857 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
859 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
860 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
861 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
863 See hdspm.txt for details.
868 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
870 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
875 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
876 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
877 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
878 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
879 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
880 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
881 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
882 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
888 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
889 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
890 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
891 * Event Electronics, EZ8
893 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
896 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
897 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
898 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
899 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
900 phase88, mediastation
901 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
902 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
903 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
905 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
906 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
909 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
910 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
911 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
912 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
918 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
919 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
920 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
921 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
923 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
924 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
925 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
928 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
929 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
930 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
931 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
932 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
933 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
935 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
944 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
945 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
947 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
948 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
949 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
950 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
951 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
952 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M
954 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
956 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
957 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
958 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
959 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
965 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
967 This module supports multiple cards.
968 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
973 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
975 This module supports multiple cards.
976 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
981 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
983 This module supports multiple cards.
984 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
989 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
990 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
991 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
993 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
995 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
998 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
999 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1000 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1001 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1002 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1004 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1005 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1007 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1008 from the controller chip
1009 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1011 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1013 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1014 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1015 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1017 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1018 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1019 modules, respectively.
1021 The power-management is supported.
1023 Module snd-intel8x0m
1024 --------------------
1026 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1027 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1029 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1030 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1034 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1036 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1038 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1041 The power-management is supported.
1043 Module snd-interwave
1044 --------------------
1046 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1047 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1049 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1050 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1051 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1052 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1054 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1056 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1058 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1059 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1060 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1061 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1063 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1065 Module snd-interwave-stb
1066 ------------------------
1068 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1069 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1070 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1072 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1073 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1074 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1075 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1077 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1079 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1081 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1082 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1083 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1084 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1085 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1087 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1092 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1094 This module supports multiple cards.
1099 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1101 This module supports multiple cards.
1102 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1107 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1109 This module supports multiple cards.
1110 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1115 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1117 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1118 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1119 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1122 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1124 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1125 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1126 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1127 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1130 The power-management is supported.
1135 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1137 This module supports multiple cards.
1138 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1143 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1145 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1147 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1148 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1149 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1150 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1151 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1152 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1153 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1154 wss - enable WSS mode
1155 ide - enable onboard ide support
1160 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1162 This module supports multiple cards.
1163 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1164 See MIXART.txt for details.
1166 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1167 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1168 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1169 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1170 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1175 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1177 This module supports multiple cards.
1178 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1183 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1185 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1186 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1187 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1189 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1194 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1197 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1198 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1199 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1201 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1206 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1208 This module supports multiple devices.
1209 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1214 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1216 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1217 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1218 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1219 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1220 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1221 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1222 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1223 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1226 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1228 The power-management is supported.
1230 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1231 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1232 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1233 the buffer_top option.
1235 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1236 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1237 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1238 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1239 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1242 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1243 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1244 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1245 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1246 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1247 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1248 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1250 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1251 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1252 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1253 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1255 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1256 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1257 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1258 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1260 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1261 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1262 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1263 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1264 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1265 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1271 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1273 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1275 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1277 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1278 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1279 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1280 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1281 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1282 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1283 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1284 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1286 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1287 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1289 The power-management is supported.
1291 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1292 -------------------------
1294 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1295 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1297 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1299 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1301 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1302 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1303 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1304 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1305 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1306 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1308 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1310 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1311 -------------------------
1313 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1315 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1317 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1319 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1320 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1321 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1322 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1323 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1324 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1325 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1327 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1332 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1334 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1336 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1338 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1339 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1340 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1341 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1342 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1343 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1344 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1346 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1351 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1353 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1355 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1356 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1357 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1358 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1361 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1366 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1368 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1370 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1371 even a few mixer controls.
1376 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1378 This module supports multiple cards.
1380 Module snd-portman2x4
1381 ---------------------
1383 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1385 This module supports multiple cards.
1387 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1388 ---------------------------------
1390 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1392 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1394 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1396 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1398 The power-management is supported.
1400 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1401 ------------------------------------
1403 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1405 For ARM architecture only.
1407 The power-management is supported.
1412 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1414 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1415 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1416 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1418 This module supports multiple cards.
1419 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1420 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1421 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1426 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1427 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1429 This module supports multiple cards.
1434 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1436 This module supports multiple cards.
1441 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1443 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1446 This module supports multiple cards.
1448 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1449 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1450 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1451 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1452 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1455 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1456 ---------------------------------------
1458 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1460 Module supports only one card.
1461 Module has no enable and index options.
1463 The power-management is supported.
1468 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1472 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1473 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1474 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1476 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1478 The power-management is supported.
1480 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1481 -----------------------------
1483 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1484 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1485 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1487 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1488 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1489 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1491 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1493 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1494 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1495 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1496 (snd-sbawe module only)
1497 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1498 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1499 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1501 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1503 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1504 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1505 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1506 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1509 The power-management is supported.
1514 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1516 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1517 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1518 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1519 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1522 This module supports multiple cards.
1524 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1529 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1531 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1532 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1533 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1536 This module supports multiple cards.
1538 The power-management is supported.
1543 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1545 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1546 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1547 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1548 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1549 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1550 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1552 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1553 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1556 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1557 --------------------------------------
1559 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1561 This module supports multiple cards.
1563 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1564 -------------------------------------
1566 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1568 This module supports multiple cards.
1570 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1571 -----------------------------------
1573 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1575 This module supports multiple cards.
1577 Module snd-wavefront
1578 --------------------
1580 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1582 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1583 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1584 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1586 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1588 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1589 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1590 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1591 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1592 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1593 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1594 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1595 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1596 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1598 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1599 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1600 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1601 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1602 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1603 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1604 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1605 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1606 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1607 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1608 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1610 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1611 based on my limited experimentation.
1612 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1613 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1614 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1615 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1617 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1618 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1619 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1621 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1623 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1624 (default:wavefront.os)
1625 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1626 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1627 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1629 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1631 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1633 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1636 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1638 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1639 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1640 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1641 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1642 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1644 Module snd-sonicvibes
1645 ---------------------
1647 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1648 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1650 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1651 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1652 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1654 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1656 Module snd-serial-u16550
1657 ------------------------
1659 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1661 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1662 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1663 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1665 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1667 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1669 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1670 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1671 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1673 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1674 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1679 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1680 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1682 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1685 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1686 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1687 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1688 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1689 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1691 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1692 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1694 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1696 The power-management is supported.
1698 Module snd-usb-audio
1699 --------------------
1701 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1703 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1704 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1705 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1706 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1707 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1708 - Influence depends on the device
1710 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1711 interface (default: no)
1713 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1715 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1716 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1718 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1719 debugging purpose (if any).
1720 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1721 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1722 buggy USB device or the controller.
1724 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1725 --------------------
1727 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1728 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1729 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1730 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1731 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1733 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1735 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1736 --------------------
1738 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1740 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1742 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1743 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1748 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1749 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1751 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1753 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1754 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1755 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1756 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1757 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1758 rate and different sample rates on different
1760 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1761 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1762 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1764 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1766 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1767 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1768 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1769 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1770 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1772 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1773 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1774 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1775 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1777 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1778 except for the known devices since the output is often
1779 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1781 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1782 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1783 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1785 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1786 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1787 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1788 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1789 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1790 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1791 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1792 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1793 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1796 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1797 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1799 The power-management is supported.
1801 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1802 ------------------------
1804 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1806 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1808 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1810 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1813 The power-management is supported.
1818 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1819 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1820 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1822 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1824 This module supports multiple cards.
1829 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1830 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X and HDAV1.3 (Deluxe).
1832 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1837 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1839 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1840 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1842 This module supports multiple cards.
1844 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1845 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1846 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1847 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1848 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1849 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1851 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1853 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1854 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1855 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1856 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1857 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1858 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1859 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1861 The power-management is supported.
1866 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1868 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1870 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1871 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1873 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
1874 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
1875 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
1876 longer require a config file.
1878 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1879 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1880 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1881 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1882 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1884 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1886 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
1889 The power-management is supported.
1894 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1896 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1897 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1898 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1899 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1900 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1902 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1904 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1906 The power-management is supported.
1908 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1909 --------------------
1911 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
1913 The power-management is supported.
1919 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
1920 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
1921 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
1922 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
1923 specifications from version to version :-)
1925 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
1926 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
1927 the proper value with this option.
1929 The following strings are accepted:
1930 - default Don't override the default setting
1931 - none Disable the quirk
1932 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
1933 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
1934 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
1935 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
1936 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
1937 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
1938 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
1940 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
1941 ... are accepted, too.
1943 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
1944 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
1947 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1948 ============================
1950 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1951 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1952 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1953 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1954 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1956 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1957 will be not built in.
1960 Module Autoloading Support
1961 ==========================
1963 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1964 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1965 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
1967 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
1968 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
1969 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
1970 as the same card module.
1972 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
1973 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1974 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
1975 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
1976 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1978 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
1979 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
1980 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
1981 sound cards in that option.
1983 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
1984 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
1985 cards is kept consistent.
1987 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
1989 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1991 options snd cards_limit=2
1992 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
1993 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
1994 options snd-interwave index=0
1995 options snd-ens1371 index=1
1997 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
1998 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
1999 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2001 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2002 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2004 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2005 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2008 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2010 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2011 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2012 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2013 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2015 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2016 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2017 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2018 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2019 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2021 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2022 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2023 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2026 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2027 =======================================
2029 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2030 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2031 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2032 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2033 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2034 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2035 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2036 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2037 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2039 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2040 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2041 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2042 playback, respectively.
2044 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2045 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2048 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2049 ==============================
2051 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2052 -------------------------------
2053 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2054 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2056 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2057 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2058 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2059 <options> - optional parameters
2060 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2061 this channel but does not want to use it.
2062 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2063 It's good for Quake etc...
2064 - direct don't use plugins
2065 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2066 - non-block force non-block mode
2067 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2069 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2070 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2071 instead of filled blocks
2073 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2074 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2075 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2078 Early Buffer Allocation
2079 =======================
2081 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2082 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2083 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2084 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2085 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2086 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2088 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2089 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2090 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2092 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2094 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2095 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2096 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2097 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2098 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2099 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2100 than 0. The max number is 4.
2104 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2111 ALSA project homepage
2112 http://www.alsa-project.org
2115 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2118 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2121 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
projects / linux-2.6 / blob