2 * A V4L2 driver for OmniVision OV7670 cameras.
4 * Copyright 2006 One Laptop Per Child Association, Inc. Written
5 * by Jonathan Corbet with substantial inspiration from Mark
6 * McClelland's ovcamchip code.
8 * Copyright 2006-7 Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
10 * This file may be distributed under the terms of the GNU General
11 * Public License, version 2.
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/delay.h>
17 #include <linux/videodev.h>
18 #include <media/v4l2-common.h>
19 #include <media/v4l2-chip-ident.h>
20 #include <linux/i2c.h>
23 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>");
24 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("A low-level driver for OmniVision ov7670 sensors");
25 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
28 * Basic window sizes. These probably belong somewhere more globally
32 #define VGA_HEIGHT 480
33 #define QVGA_WIDTH 320
34 #define QVGA_HEIGHT 240
36 #define CIF_HEIGHT 288
37 #define QCIF_WIDTH 176
38 #define QCIF_HEIGHT 144
41 * Our nominal (default) frame rate.
43 #define OV7670_FRAME_RATE 30
46 * The 7670 sits on i2c with ID 0x42
48 #define OV7670_I2C_ADDR 0x42
51 #define REG_GAIN 0x00 /* Gain lower 8 bits (rest in vref) */
52 #define REG_BLUE 0x01 /* blue gain */
53 #define REG_RED 0x02 /* red gain */
54 #define REG_VREF 0x03 /* Pieces of GAIN, VSTART, VSTOP */
55 #define REG_COM1 0x04 /* Control 1 */
56 #define COM1_CCIR656 0x40 /* CCIR656 enable */
57 #define REG_BAVE 0x05 /* U/B Average level */
58 #define REG_GbAVE 0x06 /* Y/Gb Average level */
59 #define REG_AECHH 0x07 /* AEC MS 5 bits */
60 #define REG_RAVE 0x08 /* V/R Average level */
61 #define REG_COM2 0x09 /* Control 2 */
62 #define COM2_SSLEEP 0x10 /* Soft sleep mode */
63 #define REG_PID 0x0a /* Product ID MSB */
64 #define REG_VER 0x0b /* Product ID LSB */
65 #define REG_COM3 0x0c /* Control 3 */
66 #define COM3_SWAP 0x40 /* Byte swap */
67 #define COM3_SCALEEN 0x08 /* Enable scaling */
68 #define COM3_DCWEN 0x04 /* Enable downsamp/crop/window */
69 #define REG_COM4 0x0d /* Control 4 */
70 #define REG_COM5 0x0e /* All "reserved" */
71 #define REG_COM6 0x0f /* Control 6 */
72 #define REG_AECH 0x10 /* More bits of AEC value */
73 #define REG_CLKRC 0x11 /* Clocl control */
74 #define CLK_EXT 0x40 /* Use external clock directly */
75 #define CLK_SCALE 0x3f /* Mask for internal clock scale */
76 #define REG_COM7 0x12 /* Control 7 */
77 #define COM7_RESET 0x80 /* Register reset */
78 #define COM7_FMT_MASK 0x38
79 #define COM7_FMT_VGA 0x00
80 #define COM7_FMT_CIF 0x20 /* CIF format */
81 #define COM7_FMT_QVGA 0x10 /* QVGA format */
82 #define COM7_FMT_QCIF 0x08 /* QCIF format */
83 #define COM7_RGB 0x04 /* bits 0 and 2 - RGB format */
84 #define COM7_YUV 0x00 /* YUV */
85 #define COM7_BAYER 0x01 /* Bayer format */
86 #define COM7_PBAYER 0x05 /* "Processed bayer" */
87 #define REG_COM8 0x13 /* Control 8 */
88 #define COM8_FASTAEC 0x80 /* Enable fast AGC/AEC */
89 #define COM8_AECSTEP 0x40 /* Unlimited AEC step size */
90 #define COM8_BFILT 0x20 /* Band filter enable */
91 #define COM8_AGC 0x04 /* Auto gain enable */
92 #define COM8_AWB 0x02 /* White balance enable */
93 #define COM8_AEC 0x01 /* Auto exposure enable */
94 #define REG_COM9 0x14 /* Control 9 - gain ceiling */
95 #define REG_COM10 0x15 /* Control 10 */
96 #define COM10_HSYNC 0x40 /* HSYNC instead of HREF */
97 #define COM10_PCLK_HB 0x20 /* Suppress PCLK on horiz blank */
98 #define COM10_HREF_REV 0x08 /* Reverse HREF */
99 #define COM10_VS_LEAD 0x04 /* VSYNC on clock leading edge */
100 #define COM10_VS_NEG 0x02 /* VSYNC negative */
101 #define COM10_HS_NEG 0x01 /* HSYNC negative */
102 #define REG_HSTART 0x17 /* Horiz start high bits */
103 #define REG_HSTOP 0x18 /* Horiz stop high bits */
104 #define REG_VSTART 0x19 /* Vert start high bits */
105 #define REG_VSTOP 0x1a /* Vert stop high bits */
106 #define REG_PSHFT 0x1b /* Pixel delay after HREF */
107 #define REG_MIDH 0x1c /* Manuf. ID high */
108 #define REG_MIDL 0x1d /* Manuf. ID low */
109 #define REG_MVFP 0x1e /* Mirror / vflip */
110 #define MVFP_MIRROR 0x20 /* Mirror image */
111 #define MVFP_FLIP 0x10 /* Vertical flip */
113 #define REG_AEW 0x24 /* AGC upper limit */
114 #define REG_AEB 0x25 /* AGC lower limit */
115 #define REG_VPT 0x26 /* AGC/AEC fast mode op region */
116 #define REG_HSYST 0x30 /* HSYNC rising edge delay */
117 #define REG_HSYEN 0x31 /* HSYNC falling edge delay */
118 #define REG_HREF 0x32 /* HREF pieces */
119 #define REG_TSLB 0x3a /* lots of stuff */
120 #define TSLB_YLAST 0x04 /* UYVY or VYUY - see com13 */
121 #define REG_COM11 0x3b /* Control 11 */
122 #define COM11_NIGHT 0x80 /* NIght mode enable */
123 #define COM11_NMFR 0x60 /* Two bit NM frame rate */
124 #define COM11_HZAUTO 0x10 /* Auto detect 50/60 Hz */
125 #define COM11_50HZ 0x08 /* Manual 50Hz select */
126 #define COM11_EXP 0x02
127 #define REG_COM12 0x3c /* Control 12 */
128 #define COM12_HREF 0x80 /* HREF always */
129 #define REG_COM13 0x3d /* Control 13 */
130 #define COM13_GAMMA 0x80 /* Gamma enable */
131 #define COM13_UVSAT 0x40 /* UV saturation auto adjustment */
132 #define COM13_UVSWAP 0x01 /* V before U - w/TSLB */
133 #define REG_COM14 0x3e /* Control 14 */
134 #define COM14_DCWEN 0x10 /* DCW/PCLK-scale enable */
135 #define REG_EDGE 0x3f /* Edge enhancement factor */
136 #define REG_COM15 0x40 /* Control 15 */
137 #define COM15_R10F0 0x00 /* Data range 10 to F0 */
138 #define COM15_R01FE 0x80 /* 01 to FE */
139 #define COM15_R00FF 0xc0 /* 00 to FF */
140 #define COM15_RGB565 0x10 /* RGB565 output */
141 #define COM15_RGB555 0x30 /* RGB555 output */
142 #define REG_COM16 0x41 /* Control 16 */
143 #define COM16_AWBGAIN 0x08 /* AWB gain enable */
144 #define REG_COM17 0x42 /* Control 17 */
145 #define COM17_AECWIN 0xc0 /* AEC window - must match COM4 */
146 #define COM17_CBAR 0x08 /* DSP Color bar */
149 * This matrix defines how the colors are generated, must be
150 * tweaked to adjust hue and saturation.
152 * Order: v-red, v-green, v-blue, u-red, u-green, u-blue
154 * They are nine-bit signed quantities, with the sign bit
155 * stored in 0x58. Sign for v-red is bit 0, and up from there.
157 #define REG_CMATRIX_BASE 0x4f
158 #define CMATRIX_LEN 6
159 #define REG_CMATRIX_SIGN 0x58
162 #define REG_BRIGHT 0x55 /* Brightness */
163 #define REG_CONTRAS 0x56 /* Contrast control */
165 #define REG_GFIX 0x69 /* Fix gain control */
167 #define REG_REG76 0x76 /* OV's name */
168 #define R76_BLKPCOR 0x80 /* Black pixel correction enable */
169 #define R76_WHTPCOR 0x40 /* White pixel correction enable */
171 #define REG_RGB444 0x8c /* RGB 444 control */
172 #define R444_ENABLE 0x02 /* Turn on RGB444, overrides 5x5 */
173 #define R444_RGBX 0x01 /* Empty nibble at end */
175 #define REG_HAECC1 0x9f /* Hist AEC/AGC control 1 */
176 #define REG_HAECC2 0xa0 /* Hist AEC/AGC control 2 */
178 #define REG_BD50MAX 0xa5 /* 50hz banding step limit */
179 #define REG_HAECC3 0xa6 /* Hist AEC/AGC control 3 */
180 #define REG_HAECC4 0xa7 /* Hist AEC/AGC control 4 */
181 #define REG_HAECC5 0xa8 /* Hist AEC/AGC control 5 */
182 #define REG_HAECC6 0xa9 /* Hist AEC/AGC control 6 */
183 #define REG_HAECC7 0xaa /* Hist AEC/AGC control 7 */
184 #define REG_BD60MAX 0xab /* 60hz banding step limit */
188 * Information we maintain about a known sensor.
190 struct ov7670_format_struct; /* coming later */
192 struct ov7670_format_struct *fmt; /* Current format */
193 unsigned char sat; /* Saturation value */
194 int hue; /* Hue value */
201 * The default register settings, as obtained from OmniVision. There
202 * is really no making sense of most of these - lots of "reserved" values
205 * These settings give VGA YUYV.
209 unsigned char reg_num;
213 static struct regval_list ov7670_default_regs[] = {
214 { REG_COM7, COM7_RESET },
216 * Clock scale: 3 = 15fps
220 { REG_CLKRC, 0x1 }, /* OV: clock scale (30 fps) */
221 { REG_TSLB, 0x04 }, /* OV */
222 { REG_COM7, 0 }, /* VGA */
224 * Set the hardware window. These values from OV don't entirely
225 * make sense - hstop is less than hstart. But they work...
227 { REG_HSTART, 0x13 }, { REG_HSTOP, 0x01 },
228 { REG_HREF, 0xb6 }, { REG_VSTART, 0x02 },
229 { REG_VSTOP, 0x7a }, { REG_VREF, 0x0a },
231 { REG_COM3, 0 }, { REG_COM14, 0 },
232 /* Mystery scaling numbers */
233 { 0x70, 0x3a }, { 0x71, 0x35 },
234 { 0x72, 0x11 }, { 0x73, 0xf0 },
235 { 0xa2, 0x02 }, { REG_COM10, 0x0 },
237 /* Gamma curve values */
238 { 0x7a, 0x20 }, { 0x7b, 0x10 },
239 { 0x7c, 0x1e }, { 0x7d, 0x35 },
240 { 0x7e, 0x5a }, { 0x7f, 0x69 },
241 { 0x80, 0x76 }, { 0x81, 0x80 },
242 { 0x82, 0x88 }, { 0x83, 0x8f },
243 { 0x84, 0x96 }, { 0x85, 0xa3 },
244 { 0x86, 0xaf }, { 0x87, 0xc4 },
245 { 0x88, 0xd7 }, { 0x89, 0xe8 },
247 /* AGC and AEC parameters. Note we start by disabling those features,
248 then turn them only after tweaking the values. */
249 { REG_COM8, COM8_FASTAEC | COM8_AECSTEP | COM8_BFILT },
250 { REG_GAIN, 0 }, { REG_AECH, 0 },
251 { REG_COM4, 0x40 }, /* magic reserved bit */
252 { REG_COM9, 0x18 }, /* 4x gain + magic rsvd bit */
253 { REG_BD50MAX, 0x05 }, { REG_BD60MAX, 0x07 },
254 { REG_AEW, 0x95 }, { REG_AEB, 0x33 },
255 { REG_VPT, 0xe3 }, { REG_HAECC1, 0x78 },
256 { REG_HAECC2, 0x68 }, { 0xa1, 0x03 }, /* magic */
257 { REG_HAECC3, 0xd8 }, { REG_HAECC4, 0xd8 },
258 { REG_HAECC5, 0xf0 }, { REG_HAECC6, 0x90 },
259 { REG_HAECC7, 0x94 },
260 { REG_COM8, COM8_FASTAEC|COM8_AECSTEP|COM8_BFILT|COM8_AGC|COM8_AEC },
262 /* Almost all of these are magic "reserved" values. */
263 { REG_COM5, 0x61 }, { REG_COM6, 0x4b },
264 { 0x16, 0x02 }, { REG_MVFP, 0x07 },
265 { 0x21, 0x02 }, { 0x22, 0x91 },
266 { 0x29, 0x07 }, { 0x33, 0x0b },
267 { 0x35, 0x0b }, { 0x37, 0x1d },
268 { 0x38, 0x71 }, { 0x39, 0x2a },
269 { REG_COM12, 0x78 }, { 0x4d, 0x40 },
270 { 0x4e, 0x20 }, { REG_GFIX, 0 },
271 { 0x6b, 0x4a }, { 0x74, 0x10 },
272 { 0x8d, 0x4f }, { 0x8e, 0 },
273 { 0x8f, 0 }, { 0x90, 0 },
274 { 0x91, 0 }, { 0x96, 0 },
275 { 0x9a, 0 }, { 0xb0, 0x84 },
276 { 0xb1, 0x0c }, { 0xb2, 0x0e },
277 { 0xb3, 0x82 }, { 0xb8, 0x0a },
279 /* More reserved magic, some of which tweaks white balance */
280 { 0x43, 0x0a }, { 0x44, 0xf0 },
281 { 0x45, 0x34 }, { 0x46, 0x58 },
282 { 0x47, 0x28 }, { 0x48, 0x3a },
283 { 0x59, 0x88 }, { 0x5a, 0x88 },
284 { 0x5b, 0x44 }, { 0x5c, 0x67 },
285 { 0x5d, 0x49 }, { 0x5e, 0x0e },
286 { 0x6c, 0x0a }, { 0x6d, 0x55 },
287 { 0x6e, 0x11 }, { 0x6f, 0x9f }, /* "9e for advance AWB" */
288 { 0x6a, 0x40 }, { REG_BLUE, 0x40 },
290 { REG_COM8, COM8_FASTAEC|COM8_AECSTEP|COM8_BFILT|COM8_AGC|COM8_AEC|COM8_AWB },
292 /* Matrix coefficients */
293 { 0x4f, 0x80 }, { 0x50, 0x80 },
294 { 0x51, 0 }, { 0x52, 0x22 },
295 { 0x53, 0x5e }, { 0x54, 0x80 },
298 { REG_COM16, COM16_AWBGAIN }, { REG_EDGE, 0 },
299 { 0x75, 0x05 }, { 0x76, 0xe1 },
300 { 0x4c, 0 }, { 0x77, 0x01 },
301 { REG_COM13, 0xc3 }, { 0x4b, 0x09 },
302 { 0xc9, 0x60 }, { REG_COM16, 0x38 },
305 { 0x34, 0x11 }, { REG_COM11, COM11_EXP|COM11_HZAUTO },
306 { 0xa4, 0x88 }, { 0x96, 0 },
307 { 0x97, 0x30 }, { 0x98, 0x20 },
308 { 0x99, 0x30 }, { 0x9a, 0x84 },
309 { 0x9b, 0x29 }, { 0x9c, 0x03 },
310 { 0x9d, 0x4c }, { 0x9e, 0x3f },
313 /* Extra-weird stuff. Some sort of multiplexor register */
314 { 0x79, 0x01 }, { 0xc8, 0xf0 },
315 { 0x79, 0x0f }, { 0xc8, 0x00 },
316 { 0x79, 0x10 }, { 0xc8, 0x7e },
317 { 0x79, 0x0a }, { 0xc8, 0x80 },
318 { 0x79, 0x0b }, { 0xc8, 0x01 },
319 { 0x79, 0x0c }, { 0xc8, 0x0f },
320 { 0x79, 0x0d }, { 0xc8, 0x20 },
321 { 0x79, 0x09 }, { 0xc8, 0x80 },
322 { 0x79, 0x02 }, { 0xc8, 0xc0 },
323 { 0x79, 0x03 }, { 0xc8, 0x40 },
324 { 0x79, 0x05 }, { 0xc8, 0x30 },
327 { 0xff, 0xff }, /* END MARKER */
332 * Here we'll try to encapsulate the changes for just the output
335 * RGB656 and YUV422 come from OV; RGB444 is homebrewed.
337 * IMPORTANT RULE: the first entry must be for COM7, see ov7670_s_fmt for why.
341 static struct regval_list ov7670_fmt_yuv422[] = {
342 { REG_COM7, 0x0 }, /* Selects YUV mode */
343 { REG_RGB444, 0 }, /* No RGB444 please */
345 { REG_COM15, COM15_R00FF },
346 { REG_COM9, 0x18 }, /* 4x gain ceiling; 0x8 is reserved bit */
347 { 0x4f, 0x80 }, /* "matrix coefficient 1" */
348 { 0x50, 0x80 }, /* "matrix coefficient 2" */
349 { 0x51, 0 }, /* vb */
350 { 0x52, 0x22 }, /* "matrix coefficient 4" */
351 { 0x53, 0x5e }, /* "matrix coefficient 5" */
352 { 0x54, 0x80 }, /* "matrix coefficient 6" */
353 { REG_COM13, COM13_GAMMA|COM13_UVSAT },
357 static struct regval_list ov7670_fmt_rgb565[] = {
358 { REG_COM7, COM7_RGB }, /* Selects RGB mode */
359 { REG_RGB444, 0 }, /* No RGB444 please */
361 { REG_COM15, COM15_RGB565 },
362 { REG_COM9, 0x38 }, /* 16x gain ceiling; 0x8 is reserved bit */
363 { 0x4f, 0xb3 }, /* "matrix coefficient 1" */
364 { 0x50, 0xb3 }, /* "matrix coefficient 2" */
365 { 0x51, 0 }, /* vb */
366 { 0x52, 0x3d }, /* "matrix coefficient 4" */
367 { 0x53, 0xa7 }, /* "matrix coefficient 5" */
368 { 0x54, 0xe4 }, /* "matrix coefficient 6" */
369 { REG_COM13, COM13_GAMMA|COM13_UVSAT },
373 static struct regval_list ov7670_fmt_rgb444[] = {
374 { REG_COM7, COM7_RGB }, /* Selects RGB mode */
375 { REG_RGB444, R444_ENABLE }, /* Enable xxxxrrrr ggggbbbb */
376 { REG_COM1, 0x40 }, /* Magic reserved bit */
377 { REG_COM15, COM15_R01FE|COM15_RGB565 }, /* Data range needed? */
378 { REG_COM9, 0x38 }, /* 16x gain ceiling; 0x8 is reserved bit */
379 { 0x4f, 0xb3 }, /* "matrix coefficient 1" */
380 { 0x50, 0xb3 }, /* "matrix coefficient 2" */
381 { 0x51, 0 }, /* vb */
382 { 0x52, 0x3d }, /* "matrix coefficient 4" */
383 { 0x53, 0xa7 }, /* "matrix coefficient 5" */
384 { 0x54, 0xe4 }, /* "matrix coefficient 6" */
385 { REG_COM13, COM13_GAMMA|COM13_UVSAT|0x2 }, /* Magic rsvd bit */
389 static struct regval_list ov7670_fmt_raw[] = {
390 { REG_COM7, COM7_BAYER },
391 { REG_COM13, 0x08 }, /* No gamma, magic rsvd bit */
392 { REG_COM16, 0x3d }, /* Edge enhancement, denoise */
393 { REG_REG76, 0xe1 }, /* Pix correction, magic rsvd */
400 * Low-level register I/O.
403 static int ov7670_read(struct i2c_client *c, unsigned char reg,
404 unsigned char *value)
408 ret = i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(c, reg);
410 *value = (unsigned char) ret;
417 static int ov7670_write(struct i2c_client *c, unsigned char reg,
420 int ret = i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(c, reg, value);
421 if (reg == REG_COM7 && (value & COM7_RESET))
422 msleep(2); /* Wait for reset to run */
428 * Write a list of register settings; ff/ff stops the process.
430 static int ov7670_write_array(struct i2c_client *c, struct regval_list *vals)
432 while (vals->reg_num != 0xff || vals->value != 0xff) {
433 int ret = ov7670_write(c, vals->reg_num, vals->value);
443 * Stuff that knows about the sensor.
445 static void ov7670_reset(struct i2c_client *client)
447 ov7670_write(client, REG_COM7, COM7_RESET);
452 static int ov7670_init(struct i2c_client *client)
454 return ov7670_write_array(client, ov7670_default_regs);
459 static int ov7670_detect(struct i2c_client *client)
464 ret = ov7670_init(client);
467 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_MIDH, &v);
470 if (v != 0x7f) /* OV manuf. id. */
472 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_MIDL, &v);
478 * OK, we know we have an OmniVision chip...but which one?
480 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_PID, &v);
483 if (v != 0x76) /* PID + VER = 0x76 / 0x73 */
485 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_VER, &v);
488 if (v != 0x73) /* PID + VER = 0x76 / 0x73 */
495 * Store information about the video data format. The color matrix
496 * is deeply tied into the format, so keep the relevant values here.
497 * The magic matrix nubmers come from OmniVision.
499 static struct ov7670_format_struct {
502 struct regval_list *regs;
503 int cmatrix[CMATRIX_LEN];
504 int bpp; /* Bytes per pixel */
505 } ov7670_formats[] = {
507 .desc = "YUYV 4:2:2",
508 .pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV,
509 .regs = ov7670_fmt_yuv422,
510 .cmatrix = { 128, -128, 0, -34, -94, 128 },
515 .pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444,
516 .regs = ov7670_fmt_rgb444,
517 .cmatrix = { 179, -179, 0, -61, -176, 228 },
522 .pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565,
523 .regs = ov7670_fmt_rgb565,
524 .cmatrix = { 179, -179, 0, -61, -176, 228 },
528 .desc = "Raw RGB Bayer",
529 .pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8,
530 .regs = ov7670_fmt_raw,
531 .cmatrix = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
535 #define N_OV7670_FMTS ARRAY_SIZE(ov7670_formats)
539 * Then there is the issue of window sizes. Try to capture the info here.
543 * QCIF mode is done (by OV) in a very strange way - it actually looks like
544 * VGA with weird scaling options - they do *not* use the canned QCIF mode
545 * which is allegedly provided by the sensor. So here's the weird register
548 static struct regval_list ov7670_qcif_regs[] = {
549 { REG_COM3, COM3_SCALEEN|COM3_DCWEN },
550 { REG_COM3, COM3_DCWEN },
551 { REG_COM14, COM14_DCWEN | 0x01},
567 static struct ov7670_win_size {
570 unsigned char com7_bit;
571 int hstart; /* Start/stop values for the camera. Note */
572 int hstop; /* that they do not always make complete */
573 int vstart; /* sense to humans, but evidently the sensor */
574 int vstop; /* will do the right thing... */
575 struct regval_list *regs; /* Regs to tweak */
577 } ov7670_win_sizes[] = {
581 .height = VGA_HEIGHT,
582 .com7_bit = COM7_FMT_VGA,
583 .hstart = 158, /* These values from */
584 .hstop = 14, /* Omnivision */
592 .height = CIF_HEIGHT,
593 .com7_bit = COM7_FMT_CIF,
594 .hstart = 170, /* Empirically determined */
603 .height = QVGA_HEIGHT,
604 .com7_bit = COM7_FMT_QVGA,
605 .hstart = 164, /* Empirically determined */
614 .height = QCIF_HEIGHT,
615 .com7_bit = COM7_FMT_VGA, /* see comment above */
616 .hstart = 456, /* Empirically determined */
620 .regs = ov7670_qcif_regs,
624 #define N_WIN_SIZES (ARRAY_SIZE(ov7670_win_sizes))
628 * Store a set of start/stop values into the camera.
630 static int ov7670_set_hw(struct i2c_client *client, int hstart, int hstop,
631 int vstart, int vstop)
636 * Horizontal: 11 bits, top 8 live in hstart and hstop. Bottom 3 of
637 * hstart are in href[2:0], bottom 3 of hstop in href[5:3]. There is
638 * a mystery "edge offset" value in the top two bits of href.
640 ret = ov7670_write(client, REG_HSTART, (hstart >> 3) & 0xff);
641 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_HSTOP, (hstop >> 3) & 0xff);
642 ret += ov7670_read(client, REG_HREF, &v);
643 v = (v & 0xc0) | ((hstop & 0x7) << 3) | (hstart & 0x7);
645 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_HREF, v);
647 * Vertical: similar arrangement, but only 10 bits.
649 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_VSTART, (vstart >> 2) & 0xff);
650 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_VSTOP, (vstop >> 2) & 0xff);
651 ret += ov7670_read(client, REG_VREF, &v);
652 v = (v & 0xf0) | ((vstop & 0x3) << 2) | (vstart & 0x3);
654 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_VREF, v);
659 static int ov7670_enum_fmt(struct i2c_client *c, struct v4l2_fmtdesc *fmt)
661 struct ov7670_format_struct *ofmt;
663 if (fmt->index >= N_OV7670_FMTS)
666 ofmt = ov7670_formats + fmt->index;
668 strcpy(fmt->description, ofmt->desc);
669 fmt->pixelformat = ofmt->pixelformat;
674 static int ov7670_try_fmt(struct i2c_client *c, struct v4l2_format *fmt,
675 struct ov7670_format_struct **ret_fmt,
676 struct ov7670_win_size **ret_wsize)
679 struct ov7670_win_size *wsize;
680 struct v4l2_pix_format *pix = &fmt->fmt.pix;
682 for (index = 0; index < N_OV7670_FMTS; index++)
683 if (ov7670_formats[index].pixelformat == pix->pixelformat)
685 if (index >= N_OV7670_FMTS) {
686 /* default to first format */
688 pix->pixelformat = ov7670_formats[0].pixelformat;
691 *ret_fmt = ov7670_formats + index;
693 * Fields: the OV devices claim to be progressive.
695 pix->field = V4L2_FIELD_NONE;
697 * Round requested image size down to the nearest
698 * we support, but not below the smallest.
700 for (wsize = ov7670_win_sizes; wsize < ov7670_win_sizes + N_WIN_SIZES;
702 if (pix->width >= wsize->width && pix->height >= wsize->height)
704 if (wsize >= ov7670_win_sizes + N_WIN_SIZES)
705 wsize--; /* Take the smallest one */
706 if (ret_wsize != NULL)
709 * Note the size we'll actually handle.
711 pix->width = wsize->width;
712 pix->height = wsize->height;
713 pix->bytesperline = pix->width*ov7670_formats[index].bpp;
714 pix->sizeimage = pix->height*pix->bytesperline;
721 static int ov7670_s_fmt(struct i2c_client *c, struct v4l2_format *fmt)
724 struct ov7670_format_struct *ovfmt;
725 struct ov7670_win_size *wsize;
726 struct ov7670_info *info = i2c_get_clientdata(c);
727 unsigned char com7, clkrc;
729 ret = ov7670_try_fmt(c, fmt, &ovfmt, &wsize);
733 * HACK: if we're running rgb565 we need to grab then rewrite
734 * CLKRC. If we're *not*, however, then rewriting clkrc hoses
737 if (fmt->fmt.pix.pixelformat == V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565) {
738 ret = ov7670_read(c, REG_CLKRC, &clkrc);
743 * COM7 is a pain in the ass, it doesn't like to be read then
744 * quickly written afterward. But we have everything we need
745 * to set it absolutely here, as long as the format-specific
746 * register sets list it first.
748 com7 = ovfmt->regs[0].value;
749 com7 |= wsize->com7_bit;
750 ov7670_write(c, REG_COM7, com7);
752 * Now write the rest of the array. Also store start/stops
754 ov7670_write_array(c, ovfmt->regs + 1);
755 ov7670_set_hw(c, wsize->hstart, wsize->hstop, wsize->vstart,
759 ret = ov7670_write_array(c, wsize->regs);
762 if (fmt->fmt.pix.pixelformat == V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565 && ret == 0)
763 ret = ov7670_write(c, REG_CLKRC, clkrc);
768 * Implement G/S_PARM. There is a "high quality" mode we could try
769 * to do someday; for now, we just do the frame rate tweak.
771 static int ov7670_g_parm(struct i2c_client *c, struct v4l2_streamparm *parms)
773 struct v4l2_captureparm *cp = &parms->parm.capture;
777 if (parms->type != V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE)
779 ret = ov7670_read(c, REG_CLKRC, &clkrc);
782 memset(cp, 0, sizeof(struct v4l2_captureparm));
783 cp->capability = V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME;
784 cp->timeperframe.numerator = 1;
785 cp->timeperframe.denominator = OV7670_FRAME_RATE;
786 if ((clkrc & CLK_EXT) == 0 && (clkrc & CLK_SCALE) > 1)
787 cp->timeperframe.denominator /= (clkrc & CLK_SCALE);
791 static int ov7670_s_parm(struct i2c_client *c, struct v4l2_streamparm *parms)
793 struct v4l2_captureparm *cp = &parms->parm.capture;
794 struct v4l2_fract *tpf = &cp->timeperframe;
798 if (parms->type != V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE)
800 if (cp->extendedmode != 0)
803 * CLKRC has a reserved bit, so let's preserve it.
805 ret = ov7670_read(c, REG_CLKRC, &clkrc);
808 if (tpf->numerator == 0 || tpf->denominator == 0)
809 div = 1; /* Reset to full rate */
811 div = (tpf->numerator*OV7670_FRAME_RATE)/tpf->denominator;
814 else if (div > CLK_SCALE)
816 clkrc = (clkrc & 0x80) | div;
818 tpf->denominator = OV7670_FRAME_RATE/div;
819 return ov7670_write(c, REG_CLKRC, clkrc);
825 * Code for dealing with controls.
832 static int ov7670_store_cmatrix(struct i2c_client *client,
833 int matrix[CMATRIX_LEN])
836 unsigned char signbits = 0;
839 * Weird crap seems to exist in the upper part of
840 * the sign bits register, so let's preserve it.
842 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_CMATRIX_SIGN, &signbits);
845 for (i = 0; i < CMATRIX_LEN; i++) {
849 signbits |= (1 << i);
850 if (matrix[i] < -255)
853 raw = (-1 * matrix[i]) & 0xff;
859 raw = matrix[i] & 0xff;
861 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_CMATRIX_BASE + i, raw);
863 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_CMATRIX_SIGN, signbits);
869 * Hue also requires messing with the color matrix. It also requires
870 * trig functions, which tend not to be well supported in the kernel.
871 * So here is a simple table of sine values, 0-90 degrees, in steps
872 * of five degrees. Values are multiplied by 1000.
874 * The following naive approximate trig functions require an argument
875 * carefully limited to -180 <= theta <= 180.
878 static const int ov7670_sin_table[] = {
879 0, 87, 173, 258, 342, 422,
880 499, 573, 642, 707, 766, 819,
881 866, 906, 939, 965, 984, 996,
885 static int ov7670_sine(int theta)
895 sine = ov7670_sin_table[theta/SIN_STEP];
898 sine = 1000 - ov7670_sin_table[theta/SIN_STEP];
903 static int ov7670_cosine(int theta)
908 else if (theta < -180)
910 return ov7670_sine(theta);
916 static void ov7670_calc_cmatrix(struct ov7670_info *info,
917 int matrix[CMATRIX_LEN])
921 * Apply the current saturation setting first.
923 for (i = 0; i < CMATRIX_LEN; i++)
924 matrix[i] = (info->fmt->cmatrix[i]*info->sat) >> 7;
926 * Then, if need be, rotate the hue value.
928 if (info->hue != 0) {
929 int sinth, costh, tmpmatrix[CMATRIX_LEN];
931 memcpy(tmpmatrix, matrix, CMATRIX_LEN*sizeof(int));
932 sinth = ov7670_sine(info->hue);
933 costh = ov7670_cosine(info->hue);
935 matrix[0] = (matrix[3]*sinth + matrix[0]*costh)/1000;
936 matrix[1] = (matrix[4]*sinth + matrix[1]*costh)/1000;
937 matrix[2] = (matrix[5]*sinth + matrix[2]*costh)/1000;
938 matrix[3] = (matrix[3]*costh - matrix[0]*sinth)/1000;
939 matrix[4] = (matrix[4]*costh - matrix[1]*sinth)/1000;
940 matrix[5] = (matrix[5]*costh - matrix[2]*sinth)/1000;
946 static int ov7670_t_sat(struct i2c_client *client, int value)
948 struct ov7670_info *info = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
949 int matrix[CMATRIX_LEN];
953 ov7670_calc_cmatrix(info, matrix);
954 ret = ov7670_store_cmatrix(client, matrix);
958 static int ov7670_q_sat(struct i2c_client *client, __s32 *value)
960 struct ov7670_info *info = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
966 static int ov7670_t_hue(struct i2c_client *client, int value)
968 struct ov7670_info *info = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
969 int matrix[CMATRIX_LEN];
972 if (value < -180 || value > 180)
975 ov7670_calc_cmatrix(info, matrix);
976 ret = ov7670_store_cmatrix(client, matrix);
981 static int ov7670_q_hue(struct i2c_client *client, __s32 *value)
983 struct ov7670_info *info = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
991 * Some weird registers seem to store values in a sign/magnitude format!
993 static unsigned char ov7670_sm_to_abs(unsigned char v)
998 return 128 - (v & 0x7f);
1002 static unsigned char ov7670_abs_to_sm(unsigned char v)
1007 return (128 - v) | 0x80;
1010 static int ov7670_t_brightness(struct i2c_client *client, int value)
1012 unsigned char com8 = 0, v;
1015 ov7670_read(client, REG_COM8, &com8);
1017 ov7670_write(client, REG_COM8, com8);
1018 v = ov7670_abs_to_sm(value);
1019 ret = ov7670_write(client, REG_BRIGHT, v);
1023 static int ov7670_q_brightness(struct i2c_client *client, __s32 *value)
1025 unsigned char v = 0;
1026 int ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_BRIGHT, &v);
1028 *value = ov7670_sm_to_abs(v);
1032 static int ov7670_t_contrast(struct i2c_client *client, int value)
1034 return ov7670_write(client, REG_CONTRAS, (unsigned char) value);
1037 static int ov7670_q_contrast(struct i2c_client *client, __s32 *value)
1039 unsigned char v = 0;
1040 int ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_CONTRAS, &v);
1046 static int ov7670_q_hflip(struct i2c_client *client, __s32 *value)
1049 unsigned char v = 0;
1051 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_MVFP, &v);
1052 *value = (v & MVFP_MIRROR) == MVFP_MIRROR;
1057 static int ov7670_t_hflip(struct i2c_client *client, int value)
1059 unsigned char v = 0;
1062 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_MVFP, &v);
1067 msleep(10); /* FIXME */
1068 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_MVFP, v);
1074 static int ov7670_q_vflip(struct i2c_client *client, __s32 *value)
1077 unsigned char v = 0;
1079 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_MVFP, &v);
1080 *value = (v & MVFP_FLIP) == MVFP_FLIP;
1085 static int ov7670_t_vflip(struct i2c_client *client, int value)
1087 unsigned char v = 0;
1090 ret = ov7670_read(client, REG_MVFP, &v);
1095 msleep(10); /* FIXME */
1096 ret += ov7670_write(client, REG_MVFP, v);
1101 static struct ov7670_control {
1102 struct v4l2_queryctrl qc;
1103 int (*query)(struct i2c_client *c, __s32 *value);
1104 int (*tweak)(struct i2c_client *c, int value);
1105 } ov7670_controls[] =
1109 .id = V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS,
1110 .type = V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER,
1111 .name = "Brightness",
1115 .default_value = 0x80,
1116 .flags = V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER
1118 .tweak = ov7670_t_brightness,
1119 .query = ov7670_q_brightness,
1123 .id = V4L2_CID_CONTRAST,
1124 .type = V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER,
1129 .default_value = 0x40, /* XXX ov7670 spec */
1130 .flags = V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER
1132 .tweak = ov7670_t_contrast,
1133 .query = ov7670_q_contrast,
1137 .id = V4L2_CID_SATURATION,
1138 .type = V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER,
1139 .name = "Saturation",
1143 .default_value = 0x80,
1144 .flags = V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER
1146 .tweak = ov7670_t_sat,
1147 .query = ov7670_q_sat,
1152 .type = V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER,
1158 .flags = V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER
1160 .tweak = ov7670_t_hue,
1161 .query = ov7670_q_hue,
1165 .id = V4L2_CID_VFLIP,
1166 .type = V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
1167 .name = "Vertical flip",
1173 .tweak = ov7670_t_vflip,
1174 .query = ov7670_q_vflip,
1178 .id = V4L2_CID_HFLIP,
1179 .type = V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
1180 .name = "Horizontal mirror",
1186 .tweak = ov7670_t_hflip,
1187 .query = ov7670_q_hflip,
1190 #define N_CONTROLS (ARRAY_SIZE(ov7670_controls))
1192 static struct ov7670_control *ov7670_find_control(__u32 id)
1196 for (i = 0; i < N_CONTROLS; i++)
1197 if (ov7670_controls[i].qc.id == id)
1198 return ov7670_controls + i;
1203 static int ov7670_queryctrl(struct i2c_client *client,
1204 struct v4l2_queryctrl *qc)
1206 struct ov7670_control *ctrl = ov7670_find_control(qc->id);
1214 static int ov7670_g_ctrl(struct i2c_client *client, struct v4l2_control *ctrl)
1216 struct ov7670_control *octrl = ov7670_find_control(ctrl->id);
1221 ret = octrl->query(client, &ctrl->value);
1227 static int ov7670_s_ctrl(struct i2c_client *client, struct v4l2_control *ctrl)
1229 struct ov7670_control *octrl = ov7670_find_control(ctrl->id);
1234 ret = octrl->tweak(client, ctrl->value);
1248 static struct i2c_driver ov7670_driver;
1250 static int ov7670_attach(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)
1253 struct i2c_client *client;
1254 struct ov7670_info *info;
1257 * For now: only deal with adapters we recognize.
1259 if (adapter->id != I2C_HW_SMBUS_CAFE)
1262 client = kzalloc(sizeof (struct i2c_client), GFP_KERNEL);
1265 client->adapter = adapter;
1266 client->addr = OV7670_I2C_ADDR;
1267 client->driver = &ov7670_driver,
1268 strcpy(client->name, "OV7670");
1270 * Set up our info structure.
1272 info = kzalloc(sizeof (struct ov7670_info), GFP_KERNEL);
1277 info->fmt = &ov7670_formats[0];
1278 info->sat = 128; /* Review this */
1279 i2c_set_clientdata(client, info);
1282 * Make sure it's an ov7670
1284 ret = ov7670_detect(client);
1287 ret = i2c_attach_client(client);
1300 static int ov7670_detach(struct i2c_client *client)
1302 i2c_detach_client(client);
1303 kfree(i2c_get_clientdata(client));
1309 static int ov7670_command(struct i2c_client *client, unsigned int cmd,
1313 case VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT:
1314 return v4l2_chip_ident_i2c_client(client, arg, V4L2_IDENT_OV7670, 0);
1316 case VIDIOC_INT_RESET:
1317 ov7670_reset(client);
1320 case VIDIOC_INT_INIT:
1321 return ov7670_init(client);
1323 case VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT:
1324 return ov7670_enum_fmt(client, (struct v4l2_fmtdesc *) arg);
1325 case VIDIOC_TRY_FMT:
1326 return ov7670_try_fmt(client, (struct v4l2_format *) arg, NULL, NULL);
1328 return ov7670_s_fmt(client, (struct v4l2_format *) arg);
1329 case VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL:
1330 return ov7670_queryctrl(client, (struct v4l2_queryctrl *) arg);
1332 return ov7670_s_ctrl(client, (struct v4l2_control *) arg);
1334 return ov7670_g_ctrl(client, (struct v4l2_control *) arg);
1336 return ov7670_s_parm(client, (struct v4l2_streamparm *) arg);
1338 return ov7670_g_parm(client, (struct v4l2_streamparm *) arg);
1345 static struct i2c_driver ov7670_driver = {
1349 .id = I2C_DRIVERID_OV7670,
1350 .attach_adapter = ov7670_attach,
1351 .detach_client = ov7670_detach,
1352 .command = ov7670_command,
1357 * Module initialization
1359 static int __init ov7670_mod_init(void)
1361 printk(KERN_NOTICE "OmniVision ov7670 sensor driver, at your service\n");
1362 return i2c_add_driver(&ov7670_driver);
1365 static void __exit ov7670_mod_exit(void)
1367 i2c_del_driver(&ov7670_driver);
1370 module_init(ov7670_mod_init);
1371 module_exit(ov7670_mod_exit);