3 * MTD driver for the 28F160F3 Flash Memory (non-CFI) on LART.
5 * $Id: lart.c,v 1.9 2005/11/07 11:14:25 gleixner Exp $
7 * Author: Abraham vd Merwe <abraham@2d3d.co.za>
9 * Copyright (c) 2001, 2d3D, Inc.
11 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
13 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
17 * [1] 3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
18 * - Order Number: 290644-005
21 * [2] MTD internal API documentation
22 * - http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/tech/
26 * Even though this driver is written for 3 Volt Fast Boot
27 * Block Flash Memory, it is rather specific to LART. With
28 * Minor modifications, notably the without data/address line
29 * mangling and different bus settings, etc. it should be
30 * trivial to adapt to other platforms.
32 * If somebody would sponsor me a different board, I'll
39 /* partition support */
40 #define HAVE_PARTITIONS
42 #include <linux/kernel.h>
43 #include <linux/module.h>
44 #include <linux/types.h>
45 #include <linux/init.h>
46 #include <linux/errno.h>
47 #include <linux/string.h>
48 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
49 #ifdef HAVE_PARTITIONS
50 #include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
53 #ifndef CONFIG_SA1100_LART
54 #error This is for LART architecture only
57 static char module_name[] = "lart";
60 * These values is specific to 28Fxxxx3 flash memory.
61 * See section 2.3.1 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
63 #define FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM (4096 * BUSWIDTH)
64 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM 8
65 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_8m_PARAM 8
68 * These values is specific to 28Fxxxx3 flash memory.
69 * See section 2.3.2 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
71 #define FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN (32768 * BUSWIDTH)
72 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_MAIN 31
73 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_8m_MAIN 15
76 * These values are specific to LART
80 #define BUSWIDTH 4 /* don't change this - a lot of the code _will_ break if you change this */
81 #define FLASH_OFFSET 0xe8000000 /* see linux/arch/arm/mach-sa1100/lart.c */
84 #define NUM_BLOB_BLOCKS FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM
85 #define BLOB_START 0x00000000
86 #define BLOB_LEN (NUM_BLOB_BLOCKS * FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM)
89 #define NUM_KERNEL_BLOCKS 7
90 #define KERNEL_START (BLOB_START + BLOB_LEN)
91 #define KERNEL_LEN (NUM_KERNEL_BLOCKS * FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN)
94 #define NUM_INITRD_BLOCKS 24
95 #define INITRD_START (KERNEL_START + KERNEL_LEN)
96 #define INITRD_LEN (NUM_INITRD_BLOCKS * FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN)
99 * See section 4.0 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
101 #define READ_ARRAY 0x00FF00FF /* Read Array/Reset */
102 #define READ_ID_CODES 0x00900090 /* Read Identifier Codes */
103 #define ERASE_SETUP 0x00200020 /* Block Erase */
104 #define ERASE_CONFIRM 0x00D000D0 /* Block Erase and Program Resume */
105 #define PGM_SETUP 0x00400040 /* Program */
106 #define STATUS_READ 0x00700070 /* Read Status Register */
107 #define STATUS_CLEAR 0x00500050 /* Clear Status Register */
108 #define STATUS_BUSY 0x00800080 /* Write State Machine Status (WSMS) */
109 #define STATUS_ERASE_ERR 0x00200020 /* Erase Status (ES) */
110 #define STATUS_PGM_ERR 0x00100010 /* Program Status (PS) */
113 * See section 4.2 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
115 #define FLASH_MANUFACTURER 0x00890089
116 #define FLASH_DEVICE_8mbit_TOP 0x88f188f1
117 #define FLASH_DEVICE_8mbit_BOTTOM 0x88f288f2
118 #define FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_TOP 0x88f388f3
119 #define FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_BOTTOM 0x88f488f4
121 /***************************************************************************************************/
124 * The data line mapping on LART is as follows:
127 * -------------------
146 /* Mangle data (x) */
147 #define DATA_TO_FLASH(x) \
149 (((x) & 0x08009000) >> 11) + \
150 (((x) & 0x00002000) >> 10) + \
151 (((x) & 0x04004000) >> 8) + \
152 (((x) & 0x00000010) >> 4) + \
153 (((x) & 0x91000820) >> 3) + \
154 (((x) & 0x22080080) >> 2) + \
155 ((x) & 0x40000400) + \
156 (((x) & 0x00040040) << 1) + \
157 (((x) & 0x00110000) << 4) + \
158 (((x) & 0x00220100) << 5) + \
159 (((x) & 0x00800208) << 6) + \
160 (((x) & 0x00400004) << 9) + \
161 (((x) & 0x00000001) << 12) + \
162 (((x) & 0x00000002) << 13) \
165 /* Unmangle data (x) */
166 #define FLASH_TO_DATA(x) \
168 (((x) & 0x00010012) << 11) + \
169 (((x) & 0x00000008) << 10) + \
170 (((x) & 0x00040040) << 8) + \
171 (((x) & 0x00000001) << 4) + \
172 (((x) & 0x12200104) << 3) + \
173 (((x) & 0x08820020) << 2) + \
174 ((x) & 0x40000400) + \
175 (((x) & 0x00080080) >> 1) + \
176 (((x) & 0x01100000) >> 4) + \
177 (((x) & 0x04402000) >> 5) + \
178 (((x) & 0x20008200) >> 6) + \
179 (((x) & 0x80000800) >> 9) + \
180 (((x) & 0x00001000) >> 12) + \
181 (((x) & 0x00004000) >> 13) \
185 * The address line mapping on LART is as follows:
188 * -------------------
202 * BOOT BLOCK BOUNDARY
208 * MAIN BLOCK BOUNDARY
216 * As we can see from above, the addresses aren't mangled across
217 * block boundaries, so we don't need to worry about address
218 * translations except for sending/reading commands during
222 /* Mangle address (x) on chip U2 */
223 #define ADDR_TO_FLASH_U2(x) \
225 (((x) & 0x00000f00) >> 4) + \
226 (((x) & 0x00042000) << 1) + \
227 (((x) & 0x0009c003) << 2) + \
228 (((x) & 0x00021080) << 3) + \
229 (((x) & 0x00000010) << 4) + \
230 (((x) & 0x00000040) << 5) + \
231 (((x) & 0x00000024) << 7) + \
232 (((x) & 0x00000008) << 10) \
235 /* Unmangle address (x) on chip U2 */
236 #define FLASH_U2_TO_ADDR(x) \
238 (((x) << 4) & 0x00000f00) + \
239 (((x) >> 1) & 0x00042000) + \
240 (((x) >> 2) & 0x0009c003) + \
241 (((x) >> 3) & 0x00021080) + \
242 (((x) >> 4) & 0x00000010) + \
243 (((x) >> 5) & 0x00000040) + \
244 (((x) >> 7) & 0x00000024) + \
245 (((x) >> 10) & 0x00000008) \
248 /* Mangle address (x) on chip U3 */
249 #define ADDR_TO_FLASH_U3(x) \
251 (((x) & 0x00000080) >> 3) + \
252 (((x) & 0x00000040) >> 1) + \
253 (((x) & 0x00052020) << 1) + \
254 (((x) & 0x00084f03) << 2) + \
255 (((x) & 0x00029010) << 3) + \
256 (((x) & 0x00000008) << 5) + \
257 (((x) & 0x00000004) << 7) \
260 /* Unmangle address (x) on chip U3 */
261 #define FLASH_U3_TO_ADDR(x) \
263 (((x) << 3) & 0x00000080) + \
264 (((x) << 1) & 0x00000040) + \
265 (((x) >> 1) & 0x00052020) + \
266 (((x) >> 2) & 0x00084f03) + \
267 (((x) >> 3) & 0x00029010) + \
268 (((x) >> 5) & 0x00000008) + \
269 (((x) >> 7) & 0x00000004) \
272 /***************************************************************************************************/
274 static __u8 read8 (__u32 offset)
276 volatile __u8 *data = (__u8 *) (FLASH_OFFSET + offset);
278 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x -> 0x%.2x\n",__FUNCTION__,offset,*data);
283 static __u32 read32 (__u32 offset)
285 volatile __u32 *data = (__u32 *) (FLASH_OFFSET + offset);
287 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x -> 0x%.8x\n",__FUNCTION__,offset,*data);
292 static void write32 (__u32 x,__u32 offset)
294 volatile __u32 *data = (__u32 *) (FLASH_OFFSET + offset);
297 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x <- 0x%.8x\n",__FUNCTION__,offset,*data);
301 /***************************************************************************************************/
304 * Probe for 16mbit flash memory on a LART board without doing
305 * too much damage. Since we need to write 1 dword to memory,
306 * we're f**cked if this happens to be DRAM since we can't
307 * restore the memory (otherwise we might exit Read Array mode).
309 * Returns 1 if we found 16mbit flash memory on LART, 0 otherwise.
311 static int flash_probe (void)
313 __u32 manufacturer,devtype;
315 /* setup "Read Identifier Codes" mode */
316 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ID_CODES),0x00000000);
318 /* probe U2. U2/U3 returns the same data since the first 3
319 * address lines is mangled in the same way */
320 manufacturer = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (ADDR_TO_FLASH_U2 (0x00000000)));
321 devtype = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (ADDR_TO_FLASH_U2 (0x00000001)));
323 /* put the flash back into command mode */
324 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ARRAY),0x00000000);
326 return (manufacturer == FLASH_MANUFACTURER && (devtype == FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_TOP || devtype == FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_BOTTOM));
330 * Erase one block of flash memory at offset ``offset'' which is any
331 * address within the block which should be erased.
333 * Returns 1 if successful, 0 otherwise.
335 static inline int erase_block (__u32 offset)
340 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x\n",__FUNCTION__,offset);
343 /* erase and confirm */
344 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (ERASE_SETUP),offset);
345 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (ERASE_CONFIRM),offset);
347 /* wait for block erase to finish */
350 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (STATUS_READ),offset);
351 status = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (offset));
353 while ((~status & STATUS_BUSY) != 0);
355 /* put the flash back into command mode */
356 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ARRAY),offset);
358 /* was the erase successfull? */
359 if ((status & STATUS_ERASE_ERR))
361 printk (KERN_WARNING "%s: erase error at address 0x%.8x.\n",module_name,offset);
368 static int flash_erase (struct mtd_info *mtd,struct erase_info *instr)
374 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(addr = 0x%.8x, len = %d)\n",__FUNCTION__,instr->addr,instr->len);
378 if (instr->addr + instr->len > mtd->size) return (-EINVAL);
381 * check that both start and end of the requested erase are
382 * aligned with the erasesize at the appropriate addresses.
384 * skip all erase regions which are ended before the start of
385 * the requested erase. Actually, to save on the calculations,
386 * we skip to the first erase region which starts after the
387 * start of the requested erase, and then go back one.
389 for (i = 0; i < mtd->numeraseregions && instr->addr >= mtd->eraseregions[i].offset; i++) ;
393 * ok, now i is pointing at the erase region in which this
394 * erase request starts. Check the start of the requested
395 * erase range is aligned with the erase size which is in
398 if (instr->addr & (mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize - 1)) return (-EINVAL);
400 /* Remember the erase region we start on */
404 * next, check that the end of the requested erase is aligned
405 * with the erase region at that address.
407 * as before, drop back one to point at the region in which
408 * the address actually falls
410 for (; i < mtd->numeraseregions && instr->addr + instr->len >= mtd->eraseregions[i].offset; i++) ;
413 /* is the end aligned on a block boundary? */
414 if ((instr->addr + instr->len) & (mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize - 1)) return (-EINVAL);
421 /* now erase those blocks */
424 if (!erase_block (addr))
426 instr->state = MTD_ERASE_FAILED;
430 addr += mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize;
431 len -= mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize;
433 if (addr == mtd->eraseregions[i].offset + (mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize * mtd->eraseregions[i].numblocks)) i++;
436 instr->state = MTD_ERASE_DONE;
437 mtd_erase_callback(instr);
442 static int flash_read (struct mtd_info *mtd,loff_t from,size_t len,size_t *retlen,u_char *buf)
445 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(from = 0x%.8x, len = %d)\n",__FUNCTION__,(__u32) from,len);
449 if (!len) return (0);
450 if (from + len > mtd->size) return (-EINVAL);
452 /* we always read len bytes */
455 /* first, we read bytes until we reach a dword boundary */
456 if (from & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
458 int gap = BUSWIDTH - (from & (BUSWIDTH - 1));
460 while (len && gap--) *buf++ = read8 (from++), len--;
463 /* now we read dwords until we reach a non-dword boundary */
464 while (len >= BUSWIDTH)
466 *((__u32 *) buf) = read32 (from);
473 /* top up the last unaligned bytes */
474 if (len & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
475 while (len--) *buf++ = read8 (from++);
481 * Write one dword ``x'' to flash memory at offset ``offset''. ``offset''
482 * must be 32 bits, i.e. it must be on a dword boundary.
484 * Returns 1 if successful, 0 otherwise.
486 static inline int write_dword (__u32 offset,__u32 x)
491 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x <- 0x%.8x\n",__FUNCTION__,offset,x);
495 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (PGM_SETUP),offset);
500 /* wait for the write to finish */
503 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (STATUS_READ),offset);
504 status = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (offset));
506 while ((~status & STATUS_BUSY) != 0);
508 /* put the flash back into command mode */
509 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ARRAY),offset);
511 /* was the write successfull? */
512 if ((status & STATUS_PGM_ERR) || read32 (offset) != x)
514 printk (KERN_WARNING "%s: write error at address 0x%.8x.\n",module_name,offset);
521 static int flash_write (struct mtd_info *mtd,loff_t to,size_t len,size_t *retlen,const u_char *buf)
527 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(to = 0x%.8x, len = %d)\n",__FUNCTION__,(__u32) to,len);
533 if (!len) return (0);
534 if (to + len > mtd->size) return (-EINVAL);
536 /* first, we write a 0xFF.... padded byte until we reach a dword boundary */
537 if (to & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
539 __u32 aligned = to & ~(BUSWIDTH - 1);
540 int gap = to - aligned;
544 while (gap--) tmp[i++] = 0xFF;
545 while (len && i < BUSWIDTH) tmp[i++] = buf[n++], len--;
546 while (i < BUSWIDTH) tmp[i++] = 0xFF;
548 if (!write_dword (aligned,*((__u32 *) tmp))) return (-EIO);
555 /* now we write dwords until we reach a non-dword boundary */
556 while (len >= BUSWIDTH)
558 if (!write_dword (to,*((__u32 *) buf))) return (-EIO);
566 /* top up the last unaligned bytes, padded with 0xFF.... */
567 if (len & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
571 while (len--) tmp[i++] = buf[n++];
572 while (i < BUSWIDTH) tmp[i++] = 0xFF;
574 if (!write_dword (to,*((__u32 *) tmp))) return (-EIO);
582 /***************************************************************************************************/
584 static struct mtd_info mtd;
586 static struct mtd_erase_region_info erase_regions[] = {
587 /* parameter blocks */
589 .offset = 0x00000000,
590 .erasesize = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM,
591 .numblocks = FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM,
595 .offset = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM * FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM,
596 .erasesize = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN,
597 .numblocks = FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_MAIN,
601 #ifdef HAVE_PARTITIONS
602 static struct mtd_partition lart_partitions[] = {
606 .offset = BLOB_START,
612 .offset = KERNEL_START, /* MTDPART_OFS_APPEND */
615 /* initial ramdisk / file system */
617 .name = "file system",
618 .offset = INITRD_START, /* MTDPART_OFS_APPEND */
619 .size = INITRD_LEN, /* MTDPART_SIZ_FULL */
624 int __init lart_flash_init (void)
627 memset (&mtd,0,sizeof (mtd));
628 printk ("MTD driver for LART. Written by Abraham vd Merwe <abraham@2d3d.co.za>\n");
629 printk ("%s: Probing for 28F160x3 flash on LART...\n",module_name);
632 printk (KERN_WARNING "%s: Found no LART compatible flash device\n",module_name);
635 printk ("%s: This looks like a LART board to me.\n",module_name);
636 mtd.name = module_name;
637 mtd.type = MTD_NORFLASH;
639 mtd.flags = MTD_CAP_NORFLASH;
640 mtd.size = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM * FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM + FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN * FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_MAIN;
641 mtd.erasesize = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN;
642 mtd.numeraseregions = ARRAY_SIZE(erase_regions);
643 mtd.eraseregions = erase_regions;
644 mtd.erase = flash_erase;
645 mtd.read = flash_read;
646 mtd.write = flash_write;
647 mtd.owner = THIS_MODULE;
652 "mtd.size = 0x%.8x (%uM)\n"
653 "mtd.erasesize = 0x%.8x (%uK)\n"
654 "mtd.numeraseregions = %d\n",
656 mtd.size,mtd.size / (1024*1024),
657 mtd.erasesize,mtd.erasesize / 1024,
658 mtd.numeraseregions);
660 if (mtd.numeraseregions)
661 for (result = 0; result < mtd.numeraseregions; result++)
664 "mtd.eraseregions[%d].offset = 0x%.8x\n"
665 "mtd.eraseregions[%d].erasesize = 0x%.8x (%uK)\n"
666 "mtd.eraseregions[%d].numblocks = %d\n",
667 result,mtd.eraseregions[result].offset,
668 result,mtd.eraseregions[result].erasesize,mtd.eraseregions[result].erasesize / 1024,
669 result,mtd.eraseregions[result].numblocks);
671 #ifdef HAVE_PARTITIONS
672 printk ("\npartitions = %d\n", ARRAY_SIZE(lart_partitions));
674 for (result = 0; result < ARRAY_SIZE(lart_partitions); result++)
677 "lart_partitions[%d].name = %s\n"
678 "lart_partitions[%d].offset = 0x%.8x\n"
679 "lart_partitions[%d].size = 0x%.8x (%uK)\n",
680 result,lart_partitions[result].name,
681 result,lart_partitions[result].offset,
682 result,lart_partitions[result].size,lart_partitions[result].size / 1024);
686 #ifndef HAVE_PARTITIONS
687 result = add_mtd_device (&mtd);
689 result = add_mtd_partitions (&mtd,lart_partitions, ARRAY_SIZE(lart_partitions));
695 void __exit lart_flash_exit (void)
697 #ifndef HAVE_PARTITIONS
698 del_mtd_device (&mtd);
700 del_mtd_partitions (&mtd);
704 module_init (lart_flash_init);
705 module_exit (lart_flash_exit);
707 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
708 MODULE_AUTHOR("Abraham vd Merwe <abraham@2d3d.co.za>");
709 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MTD driver for Intel 28F160F3 on LART board");