2 * linux/mm/memory_hotplug.c
7 #include <linux/stddef.h>
9 #include <linux/swap.h>
10 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
11 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
12 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
13 #include <linux/compiler.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
16 #include <linux/writeback.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
19 #include <linux/cpu.h>
20 #include <linux/memory.h>
21 #include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
22 #include <linux/highmem.h>
23 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
24 #include <linux/ioport.h>
25 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
26 #include <linux/delay.h>
27 #include <linux/migrate.h>
28 #include <linux/page-isolation.h>
30 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
32 /* add this memory to iomem resource */
33 static struct resource *register_memory_resource(u64 start, u64 size)
36 res = kzalloc(sizeof(struct resource), GFP_KERNEL);
39 res->name = "System RAM";
41 res->end = start + size - 1;
42 res->flags = IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
43 if (request_resource(&iomem_resource, res) < 0) {
44 printk("System RAM resource %llx - %llx cannot be added\n",
45 (unsigned long long)res->start, (unsigned long long)res->end);
52 static void release_memory_resource(struct resource *res)
56 release_resource(res);
61 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
62 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
63 static void get_page_bootmem(unsigned long info, struct page *page, int magic)
65 atomic_set(&page->_mapcount, magic);
67 set_page_private(page, info);
68 atomic_inc(&page->_count);
71 void put_page_bootmem(struct page *page)
75 magic = atomic_read(&page->_mapcount);
78 if (atomic_dec_return(&page->_count) == 1) {
79 ClearPagePrivate(page);
80 set_page_private(page, 0);
81 reset_page_mapcount(page);
82 __free_pages_bootmem(page, 0);
87 void register_page_bootmem_info_section(unsigned long start_pfn)
89 unsigned long *usemap, mapsize, section_nr, i;
90 struct mem_section *ms;
91 struct page *page, *memmap;
93 if (!pfn_valid(start_pfn))
96 section_nr = pfn_to_section_nr(start_pfn);
97 ms = __nr_to_section(section_nr);
99 /* Get section's memmap address */
100 memmap = sparse_decode_mem_map(ms->section_mem_map, section_nr);
103 * Get page for the memmap's phys address
104 * XXX: need more consideration for sparse_vmemmap...
106 page = virt_to_page(memmap);
107 mapsize = sizeof(struct page) * PAGES_PER_SECTION;
108 mapsize = PAGE_ALIGN(mapsize) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
110 /* remember memmap's page */
111 for (i = 0; i < mapsize; i++, page++)
112 get_page_bootmem(section_nr, page, SECTION_INFO);
114 usemap = __nr_to_section(section_nr)->pageblock_flags;
115 page = virt_to_page(usemap);
117 mapsize = PAGE_ALIGN(usemap_size()) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
119 for (i = 0; i < mapsize; i++, page++)
120 get_page_bootmem(section_nr, page, MIX_INFO);
124 void register_page_bootmem_info_node(struct pglist_data *pgdat)
126 unsigned long i, pfn, end_pfn, nr_pages;
127 int node = pgdat->node_id;
131 nr_pages = PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct pglist_data)) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
132 page = virt_to_page(pgdat);
134 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++, page++)
135 get_page_bootmem(node, page, NODE_INFO);
137 zone = &pgdat->node_zones[0];
138 for (; zone < pgdat->node_zones + MAX_NR_ZONES - 1; zone++) {
139 if (zone->wait_table) {
140 nr_pages = zone->wait_table_hash_nr_entries
141 * sizeof(wait_queue_head_t);
142 nr_pages = PAGE_ALIGN(nr_pages) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
143 page = virt_to_page(zone->wait_table);
145 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++, page++)
146 get_page_bootmem(node, page, NODE_INFO);
150 pfn = pgdat->node_start_pfn;
151 end_pfn = pfn + pgdat->node_spanned_pages;
153 /* register_section info */
154 for (; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += PAGES_PER_SECTION)
155 register_page_bootmem_info_section(pfn);
158 #endif /* !CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP */
160 static int __add_zone(struct zone *zone, unsigned long phys_start_pfn)
162 struct pglist_data *pgdat = zone->zone_pgdat;
163 int nr_pages = PAGES_PER_SECTION;
164 int nid = pgdat->node_id;
167 zone_type = zone - pgdat->node_zones;
168 if (!zone->wait_table) {
170 ret = init_currently_empty_zone(zone, phys_start_pfn,
171 nr_pages, MEMMAP_HOTPLUG);
175 memmap_init_zone(nr_pages, nid, zone_type,
176 phys_start_pfn, MEMMAP_HOTPLUG);
180 static int __add_section(struct zone *zone, unsigned long phys_start_pfn)
182 int nr_pages = PAGES_PER_SECTION;
185 if (pfn_valid(phys_start_pfn))
188 ret = sparse_add_one_section(zone, phys_start_pfn, nr_pages);
193 ret = __add_zone(zone, phys_start_pfn);
198 return register_new_memory(__pfn_to_section(phys_start_pfn));
201 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
202 static int __remove_section(struct zone *zone, struct mem_section *ms)
205 * XXX: Freeing memmap with vmemmap is not implement yet.
206 * This should be removed later.
211 static int __remove_section(struct zone *zone, struct mem_section *ms)
214 struct pglist_data *pgdat = zone->zone_pgdat;
217 if (!valid_section(ms))
220 ret = unregister_memory_section(ms);
224 pgdat_resize_lock(pgdat, &flags);
225 sparse_remove_one_section(zone, ms);
226 pgdat_resize_unlock(pgdat, &flags);
232 * Reasonably generic function for adding memory. It is
233 * expected that archs that support memory hotplug will
234 * call this function after deciding the zone to which to
237 int __add_pages(struct zone *zone, unsigned long phys_start_pfn,
238 unsigned long nr_pages)
242 int start_sec, end_sec;
243 /* during initialize mem_map, align hot-added range to section */
244 start_sec = pfn_to_section_nr(phys_start_pfn);
245 end_sec = pfn_to_section_nr(phys_start_pfn + nr_pages - 1);
247 for (i = start_sec; i <= end_sec; i++) {
248 err = __add_section(zone, i << PFN_SECTION_SHIFT);
251 * EEXIST is finally dealt with by ioresource collision
252 * check. see add_memory() => register_memory_resource()
253 * Warning will be printed if there is collision.
255 if (err && (err != -EEXIST))
262 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__add_pages);
265 * __remove_pages() - remove sections of pages from a zone
266 * @zone: zone from which pages need to be removed
267 * @phys_start_pfn: starting pageframe (must be aligned to start of a section)
268 * @nr_pages: number of pages to remove (must be multiple of section size)
270 * Generic helper function to remove section mappings and sysfs entries
271 * for the section of the memory we are removing. Caller needs to make
272 * sure that pages are marked reserved and zones are adjust properly by
273 * calling offline_pages().
275 int __remove_pages(struct zone *zone, unsigned long phys_start_pfn,
276 unsigned long nr_pages)
278 unsigned long i, ret = 0;
279 int sections_to_remove;
282 * We can only remove entire sections
284 BUG_ON(phys_start_pfn & ~PAGE_SECTION_MASK);
285 BUG_ON(nr_pages % PAGES_PER_SECTION);
287 release_mem_region(phys_start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, nr_pages * PAGE_SIZE);
289 sections_to_remove = nr_pages / PAGES_PER_SECTION;
290 for (i = 0; i < sections_to_remove; i++) {
291 unsigned long pfn = phys_start_pfn + i*PAGES_PER_SECTION;
292 ret = __remove_section(zone, __pfn_to_section(pfn));
298 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__remove_pages);
300 static void grow_zone_span(struct zone *zone,
301 unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
303 unsigned long old_zone_end_pfn;
305 zone_span_writelock(zone);
307 old_zone_end_pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn + zone->spanned_pages;
308 if (start_pfn < zone->zone_start_pfn)
309 zone->zone_start_pfn = start_pfn;
311 zone->spanned_pages = max(old_zone_end_pfn, end_pfn) -
312 zone->zone_start_pfn;
314 zone_span_writeunlock(zone);
317 static void grow_pgdat_span(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
318 unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
320 unsigned long old_pgdat_end_pfn =
321 pgdat->node_start_pfn + pgdat->node_spanned_pages;
323 if (start_pfn < pgdat->node_start_pfn)
324 pgdat->node_start_pfn = start_pfn;
326 pgdat->node_spanned_pages = max(old_pgdat_end_pfn, end_pfn) -
327 pgdat->node_start_pfn;
330 void online_page(struct page *page)
335 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
336 if (PageHighMem(page))
340 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
341 max_mapnr = max(page_to_pfn(page), max_mapnr);
344 ClearPageReserved(page);
345 init_page_count(page);
349 static int online_pages_range(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
353 unsigned long onlined_pages = *(unsigned long *)arg;
355 if (PageReserved(pfn_to_page(start_pfn)))
356 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
357 page = pfn_to_page(start_pfn + i);
361 *(unsigned long *)arg = onlined_pages;
366 int online_pages(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long nr_pages)
369 unsigned long onlined_pages = 0;
371 int need_zonelists_rebuild = 0;
374 struct memory_notify arg;
377 arg.nr_pages = nr_pages;
378 arg.status_change_nid = -1;
380 nid = page_to_nid(pfn_to_page(pfn));
381 if (node_present_pages(nid) == 0)
382 arg.status_change_nid = nid;
384 ret = memory_notify(MEM_GOING_ONLINE, &arg);
385 ret = notifier_to_errno(ret);
387 memory_notify(MEM_CANCEL_ONLINE, &arg);
391 * This doesn't need a lock to do pfn_to_page().
392 * The section can't be removed here because of the
393 * memory_block->state_mutex.
395 zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(pfn));
396 pgdat_resize_lock(zone->zone_pgdat, &flags);
397 grow_zone_span(zone, pfn, pfn + nr_pages);
398 grow_pgdat_span(zone->zone_pgdat, pfn, pfn + nr_pages);
399 pgdat_resize_unlock(zone->zone_pgdat, &flags);
402 * If this zone is not populated, then it is not in zonelist.
403 * This means the page allocator ignores this zone.
404 * So, zonelist must be updated after online.
406 if (!populated_zone(zone))
407 need_zonelists_rebuild = 1;
409 walk_memory_resource(pfn, nr_pages, &onlined_pages,
411 zone->present_pages += onlined_pages;
412 zone->zone_pgdat->node_present_pages += onlined_pages;
414 setup_per_zone_pages_min();
416 kswapd_run(zone_to_nid(zone));
417 node_set_state(zone_to_nid(zone), N_HIGH_MEMORY);
420 if (need_zonelists_rebuild)
421 build_all_zonelists();
422 vm_total_pages = nr_free_pagecache_pages();
423 writeback_set_ratelimit();
426 memory_notify(MEM_ONLINE, &arg);
430 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE */
432 static pg_data_t *hotadd_new_pgdat(int nid, u64 start)
434 struct pglist_data *pgdat;
435 unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {0};
436 unsigned long zholes_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {0};
437 unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
439 pgdat = arch_alloc_nodedata(nid);
443 arch_refresh_nodedata(nid, pgdat);
445 /* we can use NODE_DATA(nid) from here */
447 /* init node's zones as empty zones, we don't have any present pages.*/
448 free_area_init_node(nid, pgdat, zones_size, start_pfn, zholes_size);
453 static void rollback_node_hotadd(int nid, pg_data_t *pgdat)
455 arch_refresh_nodedata(nid, NULL);
456 arch_free_nodedata(pgdat);
461 int add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
463 pg_data_t *pgdat = NULL;
465 struct resource *res;
468 res = register_memory_resource(start, size);
472 if (!node_online(nid)) {
473 pgdat = hotadd_new_pgdat(nid, start);
479 /* call arch's memory hotadd */
480 ret = arch_add_memory(nid, start, size);
485 /* we online node here. we can't roll back from here. */
486 node_set_online(nid);
488 cpuset_track_online_nodes();
491 ret = register_one_node(nid);
493 * If sysfs file of new node can't create, cpu on the node
494 * can't be hot-added. There is no rollback way now.
495 * So, check by BUG_ON() to catch it reluctantly..
502 /* rollback pgdat allocation and others */
504 rollback_node_hotadd(nid, pgdat);
506 release_memory_resource(res);
510 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_memory);
512 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
514 * Confirm all pages in a range [start, end) is belongs to the same zone.
516 static int test_pages_in_a_zone(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
519 struct zone *zone = NULL;
522 for (pfn = start_pfn;
524 pfn += MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES) {
526 /* This is just a CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE check.*/
527 while ((i < MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES) && !pfn_valid_within(pfn + i))
529 if (i == MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES)
531 page = pfn_to_page(pfn + i);
532 if (zone && page_zone(page) != zone)
534 zone = page_zone(page);
540 * Scanning pfn is much easier than scanning lru list.
541 * Scan pfn from start to end and Find LRU page.
543 int scan_lru_pages(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
547 for (pfn = start; pfn < end; pfn++) {
548 if (pfn_valid(pfn)) {
549 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
558 hotremove_migrate_alloc(struct page *page,
559 unsigned long private,
562 /* This should be improoooooved!! */
563 return alloc_page(GFP_HIGHUSER_PAGECACHE);
567 #define NR_OFFLINE_AT_ONCE_PAGES (256)
569 do_migrate_range(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
573 int move_pages = NR_OFFLINE_AT_ONCE_PAGES;
578 for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn && move_pages > 0; pfn++) {
581 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
582 if (!page_count(page))
585 * We can skip free pages. And we can only deal with pages on
588 ret = isolate_lru_page(page, &source);
589 if (!ret) { /* Success */
592 /* Becasue we don't have big zone->lock. we should
593 check this again here. */
594 if (page_count(page))
596 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM
597 printk(KERN_INFO "removing from LRU failed"
599 pfn, page_count(page), page->flags);
605 if (!list_empty(&source))
606 putback_lru_pages(&source);
610 if (list_empty(&source))
612 /* this function returns # of failed pages */
613 ret = migrate_pages(&source, hotremove_migrate_alloc, 0);
620 * remove from free_area[] and mark all as Reserved.
623 offline_isolated_pages_cb(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
626 __offline_isolated_pages(start, start + nr_pages);
631 offline_isolated_pages(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
633 walk_memory_resource(start_pfn, end_pfn - start_pfn, NULL,
634 offline_isolated_pages_cb);
638 * Check all pages in range, recoreded as memory resource, are isolated.
641 check_pages_isolated_cb(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
645 long offlined = *(long *)data;
646 ret = test_pages_isolated(start_pfn, start_pfn + nr_pages);
649 *(long *)data += offlined;
654 check_pages_isolated(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
659 ret = walk_memory_resource(start_pfn, end_pfn - start_pfn, &offlined,
660 check_pages_isolated_cb);
662 offlined = (long)ret;
666 int offline_pages(unsigned long start_pfn,
667 unsigned long end_pfn, unsigned long timeout)
669 unsigned long pfn, nr_pages, expire;
671 int ret, drain, retry_max, node;
673 struct memory_notify arg;
675 BUG_ON(start_pfn >= end_pfn);
676 /* at least, alignment against pageblock is necessary */
677 if (!IS_ALIGNED(start_pfn, pageblock_nr_pages))
679 if (!IS_ALIGNED(end_pfn, pageblock_nr_pages))
681 /* This makes hotplug much easier...and readable.
682 we assume this for now. .*/
683 if (!test_pages_in_a_zone(start_pfn, end_pfn))
686 zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn));
687 node = zone_to_nid(zone);
688 nr_pages = end_pfn - start_pfn;
690 /* set above range as isolated */
691 ret = start_isolate_page_range(start_pfn, end_pfn);
695 arg.start_pfn = start_pfn;
696 arg.nr_pages = nr_pages;
697 arg.status_change_nid = -1;
698 if (nr_pages >= node_present_pages(node))
699 arg.status_change_nid = node;
701 ret = memory_notify(MEM_GOING_OFFLINE, &arg);
702 ret = notifier_to_errno(ret);
707 expire = jiffies + timeout;
711 /* start memory hot removal */
713 if (time_after(jiffies, expire))
716 if (signal_pending(current))
721 flush_scheduled_work();
726 pfn = scan_lru_pages(start_pfn, end_pfn);
727 if (pfn) { /* We have page on LRU */
728 ret = do_migrate_range(pfn, end_pfn);
734 if (--retry_max == 0)
741 /* drain all zone's lru pagevec, this is asyncronous... */
743 flush_scheduled_work();
745 /* drain pcp pages , this is synchrouns. */
748 offlined_pages = check_pages_isolated(start_pfn, end_pfn);
749 if (offlined_pages < 0) {
753 printk(KERN_INFO "Offlined Pages %ld\n", offlined_pages);
754 /* Ok, all of our target is islaoted.
755 We cannot do rollback at this point. */
756 offline_isolated_pages(start_pfn, end_pfn);
757 /* reset pagetype flags and makes migrate type to be MOVABLE */
758 undo_isolate_page_range(start_pfn, end_pfn);
759 /* removal success */
760 zone->present_pages -= offlined_pages;
761 zone->zone_pgdat->node_present_pages -= offlined_pages;
762 totalram_pages -= offlined_pages;
763 num_physpages -= offlined_pages;
765 vm_total_pages = nr_free_pagecache_pages();
766 writeback_set_ratelimit();
768 memory_notify(MEM_OFFLINE, &arg);
772 printk(KERN_INFO "memory offlining %lx to %lx failed\n",
774 memory_notify(MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE, &arg);
775 /* pushback to free area */
776 undo_isolate_page_range(start_pfn, end_pfn);
781 int remove_memory(u64 start, u64 size)
785 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(remove_memory);
786 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE */