1 /* 3c501.c: A 3Com 3c501 Ethernet driver for Linux. */
3 Written 1992,1993,1994 Donald Becker
5 Copyright 1993 United States Government as represented by the
6 Director, National Security Agency. This software may be used and
7 distributed according to the terms of the GNU General Public License,
8 incorporated herein by reference.
10 This is a device driver for the 3Com Etherlink 3c501.
11 Do not purchase this card, even as a joke. It's performance is horrible,
12 and it breaks in many ways.
14 The original author may be reached as becker@scyld.com, or C/O
15 Scyld Computing Corporation
16 410 Severn Ave., Suite 210
19 Fixed (again!) the missing interrupt locking on TX/RX shifting.
20 Alan Cox <Alan.Cox@linux.org>
22 Removed calls to init_etherdev since they are no longer needed, and
23 cleaned up modularization just a bit. The driver still allows only
24 the default address for cards when loaded as a module, but that's
25 really less braindead than anyone using a 3c501 board. :)
26 19950208 (invid@msen.com)
28 Added traps for interrupts hitting the window as we clear and TX load
29 the board. Now getting 150K/second FTP with a 3c501 card. Still playing
30 with a TX-TX optimisation to see if we can touch 180-200K/second as seems
31 theoretically maximum.
32 19950402 Alan Cox <Alan.Cox@linux.org>
34 Cleaned up for 2.3.x because we broke SMP now.
35 20000208 Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
37 Check up pass for 2.5. Nothing significant changed
38 20021009 Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
40 Fixed zero fill corner case
41 20030104 Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
44 For the avoidance of doubt the "preferred form" of this code is one which
45 is in an open non patent encumbered format. Where cryptographic key signing
46 forms part of the process of creating an executable the information
47 including keys needed to generate an equivalently functional executable
48 are deemed to be part of the source code.
54 * DOC: 3c501 Card Notes
56 * Some notes on this thing if you have to hack it. [Alan]
58 * Some documentation is available from 3Com. Due to the boards age
59 * standard responses when you ask for this will range from 'be serious'
60 * to 'give it to a museum'. The documentation is incomplete and mostly
61 * of historical interest anyway.
63 * The basic system is a single buffer which can be used to receive or
64 * transmit a packet. A third command mode exists when you are setting
67 * If it's transmitting it's not receiving and vice versa. In fact the
68 * time to get the board back into useful state after an operation is
71 * The driver works by keeping the board in receive mode waiting for a
72 * packet to arrive. When one arrives it is copied out of the buffer
73 * and delivered to the kernel. The card is reloaded and off we go.
75 * When transmitting lp->txing is set and the card is reset (from
76 * receive mode) [possibly losing a packet just received] to command
77 * mode. A packet is loaded and transmit mode triggered. The interrupt
78 * handler runs different code for transmit interrupts and can handle
79 * returning to receive mode or retransmissions (yes you have to help
80 * out with those too).
84 * There are a wide variety of undocumented error returns from the card
85 * and you basically have to kick the board and pray if they turn up. Most
86 * only occur under extreme load or if you do something the board doesn't
87 * like (eg touching a register at the wrong time).
89 * The driver is less efficient than it could be. It switches through
90 * receive mode even if more transmits are queued. If this worries you buy
91 * a real Ethernet card.
93 * The combination of slow receive restart and no real multicast
94 * filter makes the board unusable with a kernel compiled for IP
95 * multicasting in a real multicast environment. That's down to the board,
96 * but even with no multicast programs running a multicast IP kernel is
97 * in group 224.0.0.1 and you will therefore be listening to all multicasts.
98 * One nv conference running over that Ethernet and you can give up.
102 #define DRV_NAME "3c501"
103 #define DRV_VERSION "2002/10/09"
106 static const char version[] =
107 DRV_NAME ".c: " DRV_VERSION " Alan Cox (alan@redhat.com).\n";
110 * Braindamage remaining:
114 #include <linux/module.h>
116 #include <linux/kernel.h>
117 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
118 #include <linux/ioport.h>
119 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
120 #include <linux/slab.h>
121 #include <linux/string.h>
122 #include <linux/errno.h>
123 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
124 #include <linux/ethtool.h>
125 #include <linux/delay.h>
126 #include <linux/bitops.h>
128 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
131 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
132 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
133 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
134 #include <linux/init.h>
139 * The boilerplate probe code.
144 static int mem_start;
147 * el1_probe: - probe for a 3c501
148 * @dev: The device structure passed in to probe.
150 * This can be called from two places. The network layer will probe using
151 * a device structure passed in with the probe information completed. For a
152 * modular driver we use #init_module to fill in our own structure and probe
155 * Returns 0 on success. ENXIO if asked not to probe and ENODEV if asked to
156 * probe and failing to find anything.
159 struct net_device * __init el1_probe(int unit)
161 struct net_device *dev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(struct net_local));
162 static unsigned ports[] = { 0x280, 0x300, 0};
167 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
170 sprintf(dev->name, "eth%d", unit);
171 netdev_boot_setup_check(dev);
174 mem_start = dev->mem_start & 7;
177 SET_MODULE_OWNER(dev);
179 if (io > 0x1ff) { /* Check a single specified location. */
180 err = el1_probe1(dev, io);
181 } else if (io != 0) {
182 err = -ENXIO; /* Don't probe at all. */
184 for (port = ports; *port && el1_probe1(dev, *port); port++)
191 err = register_netdev(dev);
196 release_region(dev->base_addr, EL1_IO_EXTENT);
204 * @dev: The device structure to use
205 * @ioaddr: An I/O address to probe at.
207 * The actual probe. This is iterated over by #el1_probe in order to
208 * check all the applicable device locations.
210 * Returns 0 for a success, in which case the device is activated,
211 * EAGAIN if the IRQ is in use by another driver, and ENODEV if the
212 * board cannot be found.
215 static int __init el1_probe1(struct net_device *dev, int ioaddr)
217 struct net_local *lp;
218 const char *mname; /* Vendor name */
219 unsigned char station_addr[6];
224 * Reserve I/O resource for exclusive use by this driver
227 if (!request_region(ioaddr, EL1_IO_EXTENT, DRV_NAME))
231 * Read the station address PROM data from the special port.
234 for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
236 outw(i, ioaddr + EL1_DATAPTR);
237 station_addr[i] = inb(ioaddr + EL1_SAPROM);
240 * Check the first three octets of the S.A. for 3Com's prefix, or
241 * for the Sager NP943 prefix.
244 if (station_addr[0] == 0x02 && station_addr[1] == 0x60
245 && station_addr[2] == 0x8c)
248 } else if (station_addr[0] == 0x00 && station_addr[1] == 0x80
249 && station_addr[2] == 0xC8)
254 release_region(ioaddr, EL1_IO_EXTENT);
259 * We auto-IRQ by shutting off the interrupt line and letting it float
267 unsigned long irq_mask;
269 irq_mask = probe_irq_on();
270 inb(RX_STATUS); /* Clear pending interrupts. */
272 outb(AX_LOOP + 1, AX_CMD);
277 autoirq = probe_irq_off(irq_mask);
281 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s probe at %#x failed to detect IRQ line.\n",
283 release_region(ioaddr, EL1_IO_EXTENT);
288 outb(AX_RESET+AX_LOOP, AX_CMD); /* Loopback mode. */
289 dev->base_addr = ioaddr;
290 memcpy(dev->dev_addr, station_addr, ETH_ALEN);
293 el_debug = mem_start & 0x7;
297 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %s EtherLink at %#lx, using %sIRQ %d.\n", dev->name, mname, dev->base_addr,
298 autoirq ? "auto":"assigned ", dev->irq);
300 #ifdef CONFIG_IP_MULTICAST
301 printk(KERN_WARNING "WARNING: Use of the 3c501 in a multicast kernel is NOT recommended.\n");
305 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s", version);
307 memset(dev->priv, 0, sizeof(struct net_local));
308 lp = netdev_priv(dev);
309 spin_lock_init(&lp->lock);
312 * The EL1-specific entries in the device structure.
315 dev->open = &el_open;
316 dev->hard_start_xmit = &el_start_xmit;
317 dev->tx_timeout = &el_timeout;
318 dev->watchdog_timeo = HZ;
319 dev->stop = &el1_close;
320 dev->get_stats = &el1_get_stats;
321 dev->set_multicast_list = &set_multicast_list;
322 dev->ethtool_ops = &netdev_ethtool_ops;
328 * @dev: device that is being opened
330 * When an ifconfig is issued which changes the device flags to include
331 * IFF_UP this function is called. It is only called when the change
332 * occurs, not when the interface remains up. #el1_close will be called
335 * Returns 0 for a successful open, or -EAGAIN if someone has run off
336 * with our interrupt line.
339 static int el_open(struct net_device *dev)
342 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
343 struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
347 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: Doing el_open()...", dev->name);
349 if ((retval = request_irq(dev->irq, &el_interrupt, 0, dev->name, dev)))
352 spin_lock_irqsave(&lp->lock, flags);
354 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lp->lock, flags);
356 lp->txing = 0; /* Board in RX mode */
357 outb(AX_RX, AX_CMD); /* Aux control, irq and receive enabled */
358 netif_start_queue(dev);
364 * @dev: The 3c501 card that has timed out
366 * Attempt to restart the board. This is basically a mixture of extreme
367 * violence and prayer
371 static void el_timeout(struct net_device *dev)
373 struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
374 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
377 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s: transmit timed out, txsr %#2x axsr=%02x rxsr=%02x.\n",
378 dev->name, inb(TX_STATUS), inb(AX_STATUS), inb(RX_STATUS));
379 lp->stats.tx_errors++;
380 outb(TX_NORM, TX_CMD);
381 outb(RX_NORM, RX_CMD);
382 outb(AX_OFF, AX_CMD); /* Just trigger a false interrupt. */
383 outb(AX_RX, AX_CMD); /* Aux control, irq and receive enabled */
384 lp->txing = 0; /* Ripped back in to RX */
385 netif_wake_queue(dev);
391 * @skb: The packet that is queued to be sent
392 * @dev: The 3c501 card we want to throw it down
394 * Attempt to send a packet to a 3c501 card. There are some interesting
395 * catches here because the 3c501 is an extremely old and therefore
396 * stupid piece of technology.
398 * If we are handling an interrupt on the other CPU we cannot load a packet
399 * as we may still be attempting to retrieve the last RX packet buffer.
401 * When a transmit times out we dump the card into control mode and just
402 * start again. It happens enough that it isnt worth logging.
404 * We avoid holding the spin locks when doing the packet load to the board.
405 * The device is very slow, and its DMA mode is even slower. If we held the
406 * lock while loading 1500 bytes onto the controller we would drop a lot of
407 * serial port characters. This requires we do extra locking, but we have
411 static int el_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
413 struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
414 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
418 * Avoid incoming interrupts between us flipping txing and flipping
419 * mode as the driver assumes txing is a faithful indicator of card
423 spin_lock_irqsave(&lp->lock, flags);
426 * Avoid timer-based retransmission conflicts.
429 netif_stop_queue(dev);
436 unsigned char *buf = skb->data;
439 pad = ETH_ZLEN - len;
441 gp_start = 0x800 - ( len + pad );
443 lp->tx_pkt_start = gp_start;
446 lp->stats.tx_bytes += skb->len;
449 * Command mode with status cleared should [in theory]
450 * mean no more interrupts can be pending on the card.
453 outb_p(AX_SYS, AX_CMD);
461 * Turn interrupts back on while we spend a pleasant afternoon
462 * loading bytes into the board
465 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lp->lock, flags);
467 outw(0x00, RX_BUF_CLR); /* Set rx packet area to 0. */
468 outw(gp_start, GP_LOW); /* aim - packet will be loaded into buffer start */
469 outsb(DATAPORT,buf,len); /* load buffer (usual thing each byte increments the pointer) */
471 while(pad--) /* Zero fill buffer tail */
474 outw(gp_start, GP_LOW); /* the board reuses the same register */
478 outb(AX_XMIT, AX_CMD); /* fire ... Trigger xmit. */
480 dev->trans_start = jiffies;
482 printk(KERN_DEBUG " queued xmit.\n");
486 /* A receive upset our load, despite our best efforts */
488 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: burped during tx load.\n", dev->name);
489 spin_lock_irqsave(&lp->lock, flags);
497 * @irq: Interrupt number
498 * @dev_id: The 3c501 that burped
500 * Handle the ether interface interrupts. The 3c501 needs a lot more
501 * hand holding than most cards. In particular we get a transmit interrupt
502 * with a collision error because the board firmware isnt capable of rewinding
503 * its own transmit buffer pointers. It can however count to 16 for us.
505 * On the receive side the card is also very dumb. It has no buffering to
506 * speak of. We simply pull the packet out of its PIO buffer (which is slow)
507 * and queue it for the kernel. Then we reset the card for the next packet.
509 * We sometimes get surprise interrupts late both because the SMP IRQ delivery
510 * is message passing and because the card sometimes seems to deliver late. I
511 * think if it is part way through a receive and the mode is changed it carries
512 * on receiving and sends us an interrupt. We have to band aid all these cases
513 * to get a sensible 150kBytes/second performance. Even then you want a small
517 static irqreturn_t el_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
519 struct net_device *dev = dev_id;
520 struct net_local *lp;
522 int axsr; /* Aux. status reg. */
524 ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
525 lp = netdev_priv(dev);
527 spin_lock(&lp->lock);
533 axsr = inb(AX_STATUS);
540 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: el_interrupt() aux=%#02x", dev->name, axsr);
542 if(lp->loading==1 && !lp->txing)
543 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Inconsistent state loading while not in tx\n",
550 * Board in transmit mode. May be loading. If we are
551 * loading we shouldn't have got this.
554 int txsr = inb(TX_STATUS);
560 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: Interrupt while loading [", dev->name);
561 printk(KERN_DEBUG " txsr=%02x gp=%04x rp=%04x]\n", txsr, inw(GP_LOW),inw(RX_LOW));
563 lp->loading=2; /* Force a reload */
564 spin_unlock(&lp->lock);
569 printk(KERN_DEBUG " txsr=%02x gp=%04x rp=%04x", txsr, inw(GP_LOW),inw(RX_LOW));
571 if ((axsr & 0x80) && (txsr & TX_READY) == 0)
574 * FIXME: is there a logic to whether to keep on trying or
575 * reset immediately ?
578 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: Unusual interrupt during Tx, txsr=%02x axsr=%02x"
579 " gp=%03x rp=%03x.\n", dev->name, txsr, axsr,
580 inw(ioaddr + EL1_DATAPTR), inw(ioaddr + EL1_RXPTR));
582 netif_wake_queue(dev);
584 else if (txsr & TX_16COLLISIONS)
590 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s: Transmit failed 16 times, Ethernet jammed?\n",dev->name);
591 outb(AX_SYS, AX_CMD);
593 lp->stats.tx_aborted_errors++;
594 netif_wake_queue(dev);
596 else if (txsr & TX_COLLISION)
603 printk(KERN_DEBUG " retransmitting after a collision.\n");
605 * Poor little chip can't reset its own start pointer
608 outb(AX_SYS, AX_CMD);
609 outw(lp->tx_pkt_start, GP_LOW);
610 outb(AX_XMIT, AX_CMD);
611 lp->stats.collisions++;
612 spin_unlock(&lp->lock);
618 * It worked.. we will now fall through and receive
620 lp->stats.tx_packets++;
622 printk(KERN_DEBUG " Tx succeeded %s\n",
623 (txsr & TX_RDY) ? "." : "but tx is busy!");
625 * This is safe the interrupt is atomic WRT itself.
629 netif_wake_queue(dev); /* In case more to transmit */
638 int rxsr = inb(RX_STATUS);
640 printk(KERN_DEBUG " rxsr=%02x txsr=%02x rp=%04x", rxsr, inb(TX_STATUS),inw(RX_LOW));
642 * Just reading rx_status fixes most errors.
644 if (rxsr & RX_MISSED)
645 lp->stats.rx_missed_errors++;
646 else if (rxsr & RX_RUNT)
647 { /* Handled to avoid board lock-up. */
648 lp->stats.rx_length_errors++;
650 printk(KERN_DEBUG " runt.\n");
652 else if (rxsr & RX_GOOD)
662 * Nothing? Something is broken!
665 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: No packet seen, rxsr=%02x **resetting 3c501***\n",
670 printk(KERN_DEBUG ".\n");
674 * Move into receive mode
678 outw(0x00, RX_BUF_CLR);
679 inb(RX_STATUS); /* Be certain that interrupts are cleared. */
681 spin_unlock(&lp->lock);
689 * @dev: Device to pull the packets from
691 * We have a good packet. Well, not really "good", just mostly not broken.
692 * We must check everything to see if it is good. In particular we occasionally
693 * get wild packet sizes from the card. If the packet seems sane we PIO it
694 * off the card and queue it for the protocol layers.
697 static void el_receive(struct net_device *dev)
699 struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
700 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
704 pkt_len = inw(RX_LOW);
707 printk(KERN_DEBUG " el_receive %d.\n", pkt_len);
709 if ((pkt_len < 60) || (pkt_len > 1536))
712 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: bogus packet, length=%d\n", dev->name, pkt_len);
713 lp->stats.rx_over_errors++;
718 * Command mode so we can empty the buffer
721 outb(AX_SYS, AX_CMD);
722 skb = dev_alloc_skb(pkt_len+2);
731 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Memory squeeze, dropping packet.\n", dev->name);
732 lp->stats.rx_dropped++;
737 skb_reserve(skb,2); /* Force 16 byte alignment */
740 * The read increments through the bytes. The interrupt
741 * handler will fix the pointer when it returns to
744 insb(DATAPORT, skb_put(skb,pkt_len), pkt_len);
745 skb->protocol=eth_type_trans(skb,dev);
747 dev->last_rx = jiffies;
748 lp->stats.rx_packets++;
749 lp->stats.rx_bytes+=pkt_len;
755 * el_reset: Reset a 3c501 card
756 * @dev: The 3c501 card about to get zapped
758 * Even resetting a 3c501 isnt simple. When you activate reset it loses all
759 * its configuration. You must hold the lock when doing this. The function
760 * cannot take the lock itself as it is callable from the irq handler.
763 static void el_reset(struct net_device *dev)
765 struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
766 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
769 printk(KERN_INFO "3c501 reset...");
770 outb(AX_RESET, AX_CMD); /* Reset the chip */
771 outb(AX_LOOP, AX_CMD); /* Aux control, irq and loopback enabled */
774 for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) /* Set the station address. */
775 outb(dev->dev_addr[i], ioaddr + i);
778 outw(0, RX_BUF_CLR); /* Set rx packet area to 0. */
779 outb(TX_NORM, TX_CMD); /* tx irq on done, collision */
780 outb(RX_NORM, RX_CMD); /* Set Rx commands. */
781 inb(RX_STATUS); /* Clear status. */
788 * @dev: 3c501 card to shut down
790 * Close a 3c501 card. The IFF_UP flag has been cleared by the user via
791 * the SIOCSIFFLAGS ioctl. We stop any further transmissions being queued,
792 * and then disable the interrupts. Finally we reset the chip. The effects
793 * of the rest will be cleaned up by #el1_open. Always returns 0 indicating
797 static int el1_close(struct net_device *dev)
799 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
802 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Shutting down Ethernet card at %#x.\n", dev->name, ioaddr);
804 netif_stop_queue(dev);
807 * Free and disable the IRQ.
810 free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
811 outb(AX_RESET, AX_CMD); /* Reset the chip */
818 * @dev: The card to get the statistics for
820 * In smarter devices this function is needed to pull statistics off the
821 * board itself. The 3c501 has no hardware statistics. We maintain them all
822 * so they are by definition always up to date.
824 * Returns the statistics for the card from the card private data
827 static struct net_device_stats *el1_get_stats(struct net_device *dev)
829 struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
834 * set_multicast_list:
835 * @dev: The device to adjust
837 * Set or clear the multicast filter for this adaptor to use the best-effort
838 * filtering supported. The 3c501 supports only three modes of filtering.
839 * It always receives broadcasts and packets for itself. You can choose to
840 * optionally receive all packets, or all multicast packets on top of this.
843 static void set_multicast_list(struct net_device *dev)
845 int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
847 if(dev->flags&IFF_PROMISC)
849 outb(RX_PROM, RX_CMD);
852 else if (dev->mc_list || dev->flags&IFF_ALLMULTI)
854 outb(RX_MULT, RX_CMD); /* Multicast or all multicast is the same */
855 inb(RX_STATUS); /* Clear status. */
859 outb(RX_NORM, RX_CMD);
865 static void netdev_get_drvinfo(struct net_device *dev,
866 struct ethtool_drvinfo *info)
868 strcpy(info->driver, DRV_NAME);
869 strcpy(info->version, DRV_VERSION);
870 sprintf(info->bus_info, "ISA 0x%lx", dev->base_addr);
873 static u32 netdev_get_msglevel(struct net_device *dev)
878 static void netdev_set_msglevel(struct net_device *dev, u32 level)
883 static const struct ethtool_ops netdev_ethtool_ops = {
884 .get_drvinfo = netdev_get_drvinfo,
885 .get_msglevel = netdev_get_msglevel,
886 .set_msglevel = netdev_set_msglevel,
891 static struct net_device *dev_3c501;
893 module_param(io, int, 0);
894 module_param(irq, int, 0);
895 MODULE_PARM_DESC(io, "EtherLink I/O base address");
896 MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "EtherLink IRQ number");
901 * When the driver is loaded as a module this function is called. We fake up
902 * a device structure with the base I/O and interrupt set as if it were being
903 * called from Space.c. This minimises the extra code that would otherwise
906 * Returns 0 for success or -EIO if a card is not found. Returning an error
907 * here also causes the module to be unloaded
910 int __init init_module(void)
912 dev_3c501 = el1_probe(-1);
913 if (IS_ERR(dev_3c501))
914 return PTR_ERR(dev_3c501);
921 * The module is being unloaded. We unhook our network device from the system
922 * and then free up the resources we took when the card was found.
925 void __exit cleanup_module(void)
927 struct net_device *dev = dev_3c501;
928 unregister_netdev(dev);
929 release_region(dev->base_addr, EL1_IO_EXTENT);
935 MODULE_AUTHOR("Donald Becker, Alan Cox");
936 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Support for the ancient 3Com 3c501 ethernet card");
937 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");