2 * Block driver for media (i.e., flash cards)
4 * Copyright 2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
5 * Copyright 2005-2008 Pierre Ossman
7 * Use consistent with the GNU GPL is permitted,
8 * provided that this copyright notice is
9 * preserved in its entirety in all copies and derived works.
11 * HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
12 * AS TO THE USEFULNESS OR CORRECTNESS OF THIS CODE OR ITS
13 * FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
15 * Many thanks to Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet!
17 * Author: Andrew Christian
20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/errno.h>
27 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
28 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
33 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
34 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
35 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
36 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
38 #include <asm/system.h>
39 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
44 * max 8 partitions per card
47 #define MMC_NUM_MINORS (256 >> MMC_SHIFT)
49 static DECLARE_BITMAP(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
52 * There is one mmc_blk_data per slot.
57 struct mmc_queue queue;
60 unsigned int block_bits;
61 unsigned int read_only;
64 static DEFINE_MUTEX(open_lock);
66 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_get(struct gendisk *disk)
68 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
70 mutex_lock(&open_lock);
71 md = disk->private_data;
72 if (md && md->usage == 0)
76 mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
81 static void mmc_blk_put(struct mmc_blk_data *md)
83 mutex_lock(&open_lock);
86 int devidx = md->disk->first_minor >> MMC_SHIFT;
87 __clear_bit(devidx, dev_use);
92 mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
95 static int mmc_blk_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
97 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
100 md = mmc_blk_get(inode->i_bdev->bd_disk);
103 check_disk_change(inode->i_bdev);
106 if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && md->read_only)
113 static int mmc_blk_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
115 struct mmc_blk_data *md = inode->i_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
122 mmc_blk_getgeo(struct block_device *bdev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
124 geo->cylinders = get_capacity(bdev->bd_disk) / (4 * 16);
130 static struct block_device_operations mmc_bdops = {
131 .open = mmc_blk_open,
132 .release = mmc_blk_release,
133 .getgeo = mmc_blk_getgeo,
134 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
137 struct mmc_blk_request {
138 struct mmc_request mrq;
139 struct mmc_command cmd;
140 struct mmc_command stop;
141 struct mmc_data data;
144 static u32 mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(struct mmc_card *card)
149 struct mmc_request mrq;
150 struct mmc_command cmd;
151 struct mmc_data data;
152 unsigned int timeout_us;
154 struct scatterlist sg;
156 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
158 cmd.opcode = MMC_APP_CMD;
159 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
160 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
162 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 0);
165 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && !(cmd.resp[0] & R1_APP_CMD))
168 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
170 cmd.opcode = SD_APP_SEND_NUM_WR_BLKS;
172 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
174 memset(&data, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_data));
176 data.timeout_ns = card->csd.tacc_ns * 100;
177 data.timeout_clks = card->csd.tacc_clks * 100;
179 timeout_us = data.timeout_ns / 1000;
180 timeout_us += data.timeout_clks * 1000 /
181 (card->host->ios.clock / 1000);
183 if (timeout_us > 100000) {
184 data.timeout_ns = 100000000;
185 data.timeout_clks = 0;
190 data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
194 memset(&mrq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_request));
199 sg_init_one(&sg, &blocks, 4);
201 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &mrq);
203 if (cmd.error || data.error)
206 blocks = ntohl(blocks);
211 static int mmc_blk_issue_rq(struct mmc_queue *mq, struct request *req)
213 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mq->data;
214 struct mmc_card *card = md->queue.card;
215 struct mmc_blk_request brq;
216 int ret = 1, sg_pos, data_size;
218 mmc_claim_host(card->host);
221 struct mmc_command cmd;
222 u32 readcmd, writecmd;
224 memset(&brq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_blk_request));
225 brq.mrq.cmd = &brq.cmd;
226 brq.mrq.data = &brq.data;
228 brq.cmd.arg = req->sector;
229 if (!mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
231 brq.cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
232 brq.data.blksz = 1 << md->block_bits;
233 brq.stop.opcode = MMC_STOP_TRANSMISSION;
235 brq.stop.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1B | MMC_RSP_R1B | MMC_CMD_AC;
236 brq.data.blocks = req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9);
237 if (brq.data.blocks > card->host->max_blk_count)
238 brq.data.blocks = card->host->max_blk_count;
241 * If the host doesn't support multiple block writes, force
242 * block writes to single block. SD cards are excepted from
243 * this rule as they support querying the number of
244 * successfully written sectors.
246 if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ &&
247 !(card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_MULTIWRITE) &&
251 if (brq.data.blocks > 1) {
252 /* SPI multiblock writes terminate using a special
253 * token, not a STOP_TRANSMISSION request.
255 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host)
256 || rq_data_dir(req) == READ)
257 brq.mrq.stop = &brq.stop;
258 readcmd = MMC_READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
259 writecmd = MMC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
262 readcmd = MMC_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK;
263 writecmd = MMC_WRITE_BLOCK;
266 if (rq_data_dir(req) == READ) {
267 brq.cmd.opcode = readcmd;
268 brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_READ;
270 brq.cmd.opcode = writecmd;
271 brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_WRITE;
274 mmc_set_data_timeout(&brq.data, card);
276 brq.data.sg = mq->sg;
277 brq.data.sg_len = mmc_queue_map_sg(mq);
279 mmc_queue_bounce_pre(mq);
281 if (brq.data.blocks !=
282 (req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9))) {
283 data_size = brq.data.blocks * brq.data.blksz;
284 for (sg_pos = 0; sg_pos < brq.data.sg_len; sg_pos++) {
285 data_size -= mq->sg[sg_pos].length;
286 if (data_size <= 0) {
287 mq->sg[sg_pos].length += data_size;
292 brq.data.sg_len = sg_pos;
295 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &brq.mrq);
297 mmc_queue_bounce_post(mq);
300 * Check for errors here, but don't jump to cmd_err
301 * until later as we need to wait for the card to leave
302 * programming mode even when things go wrong.
305 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending read/write command\n",
306 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.cmd.error);
309 if (brq.data.error) {
310 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d transferring data\n",
311 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.data.error);
314 if (brq.stop.error) {
315 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending stop command\n",
316 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.stop.error);
319 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && rq_data_dir(req) != READ) {
323 cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_STATUS;
324 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
325 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
326 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
328 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d requesting status\n",
329 req->rq_disk->disk_name, err);
333 * Some cards mishandle the status bits,
334 * so make sure to check both the busy
335 * indication and the card state.
337 } while (!(cmd.resp[0] & R1_READY_FOR_DATA) ||
338 (R1_CURRENT_STATE(cmd.resp[0]) == 7));
341 if (cmd.resp[0] & ~0x00000900)
342 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: status = %08x\n",
343 req->rq_disk->disk_name, cmd.resp[0]);
344 if (mmc_decode_status(cmd.resp))
349 if (brq.cmd.error || brq.data.error || brq.stop.error)
353 * A block was successfully transferred.
355 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
356 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
357 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
360 mmc_release_host(card->host);
366 * If this is an SD card and we're writing, we can first
367 * mark the known good sectors as ok.
369 * If the card is not SD, we can still ok written sectors
370 * if the controller can do proper error reporting.
372 * For reads we just fail the entire chunk as that should
373 * be safe in all cases.
375 if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ && mmc_card_sd(card)) {
379 blocks = mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(card);
380 if (blocks != (u32)-1) {
381 if (card->csd.write_partial)
382 bytes = blocks << md->block_bits;
385 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
386 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, bytes);
387 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
389 } else if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ &&
390 (card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_MULTIWRITE)) {
391 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
392 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
393 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
396 mmc_release_host(card->host);
398 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
400 ret = __blk_end_request(req, -EIO, blk_rq_cur_bytes(req));
401 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
407 static inline int mmc_blk_readonly(struct mmc_card *card)
409 return mmc_card_readonly(card) ||
410 !(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_WRITE);
413 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_alloc(struct mmc_card *card)
415 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
418 devidx = find_first_zero_bit(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
419 if (devidx >= MMC_NUM_MINORS)
420 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
421 __set_bit(devidx, dev_use);
423 md = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mmc_blk_data), GFP_KERNEL);
431 * Set the read-only status based on the supported commands
432 * and the write protect switch.
434 md->read_only = mmc_blk_readonly(card);
437 * Both SD and MMC specifications state (although a bit
438 * unclearly in the MMC case) that a block size of 512
439 * bytes must always be supported by the card.
443 md->disk = alloc_disk(1 << MMC_SHIFT);
444 if (md->disk == NULL) {
449 spin_lock_init(&md->lock);
452 ret = mmc_init_queue(&md->queue, card, &md->lock);
456 md->queue.issue_fn = mmc_blk_issue_rq;
459 md->disk->major = MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR;
460 md->disk->first_minor = devidx << MMC_SHIFT;
461 md->disk->fops = &mmc_bdops;
462 md->disk->private_data = md;
463 md->disk->queue = md->queue.queue;
464 md->disk->driverfs_dev = &card->dev;
467 * As discussed on lkml, GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE should:
469 * - be set for removable media with permanent block devices
470 * - be unset for removable block devices with permanent media
472 * Since MMC block devices clearly fall under the second
473 * case, we do not set GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE. Userspace
474 * should use the block device creation/destruction hotplug
475 * messages to tell when the card is present.
478 sprintf(md->disk->disk_name, "mmcblk%d", devidx);
480 blk_queue_hardsect_size(md->queue.queue, 1 << md->block_bits);
482 if (!mmc_card_sd(card) && mmc_card_blockaddr(card)) {
484 * The EXT_CSD sector count is in number or 512 byte
487 set_capacity(md->disk, card->ext_csd.sectors);
490 * The CSD capacity field is in units of read_blkbits.
491 * set_capacity takes units of 512 bytes.
493 set_capacity(md->disk,
494 card->csd.capacity << (card->csd.read_blkbits - 9));
507 mmc_blk_set_blksize(struct mmc_blk_data *md, struct mmc_card *card)
509 struct mmc_command cmd;
512 /* Block-addressed cards ignore MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN. */
513 if (mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
516 mmc_claim_host(card->host);
517 cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN;
518 cmd.arg = 1 << md->block_bits;
519 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
520 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
521 mmc_release_host(card->host);
524 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unable to set block size to %d: %d\n",
525 md->disk->disk_name, cmd.arg, err);
532 static int mmc_blk_probe(struct mmc_card *card)
534 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
538 * Check that the card supports the command class(es) we need.
540 if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_READ))
543 md = mmc_blk_alloc(card);
547 err = mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
551 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %s %s %lluKiB %s\n",
552 md->disk->disk_name, mmc_card_id(card), mmc_card_name(card),
553 (unsigned long long)(get_capacity(md->disk) >> 1),
554 md->read_only ? "(ro)" : "");
556 mmc_set_drvdata(card, md);
566 static void mmc_blk_remove(struct mmc_card *card)
568 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
571 /* Stop new requests from getting into the queue */
572 del_gendisk(md->disk);
574 /* Then flush out any already in there */
575 mmc_cleanup_queue(&md->queue);
579 mmc_set_drvdata(card, NULL);
583 static int mmc_blk_suspend(struct mmc_card *card, pm_message_t state)
585 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
588 mmc_queue_suspend(&md->queue);
593 static int mmc_blk_resume(struct mmc_card *card)
595 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
598 mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
599 mmc_queue_resume(&md->queue);
604 #define mmc_blk_suspend NULL
605 #define mmc_blk_resume NULL
608 static struct mmc_driver mmc_driver = {
612 .probe = mmc_blk_probe,
613 .remove = mmc_blk_remove,
614 .suspend = mmc_blk_suspend,
615 .resume = mmc_blk_resume,
618 static int __init mmc_blk_init(void)
622 res = register_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
626 return mmc_register_driver(&mmc_driver);
632 static void __exit mmc_blk_exit(void)
634 mmc_unregister_driver(&mmc_driver);
635 unregister_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
638 module_init(mmc_blk_init);
639 module_exit(mmc_blk_exit);
641 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
642 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Multimedia Card (MMC) block device driver");