Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulus/powerpc
[linux-2.6] / mm / vmscan.c
1 /*
2  *  linux/mm/vmscan.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994  Linus Torvalds
5  *
6  *  Swap reorganised 29.12.95, Stephen Tweedie.
7  *  kswapd added: 7.1.96  sct
8  *  Removed kswapd_ctl limits, and swap out as many pages as needed
9  *  to bring the system back to freepages.high: 2.4.97, Rik van Riel.
10  *  Zone aware kswapd started 02/00, Kanoj Sarcar (kanoj@sgi.com).
11  *  Multiqueue VM started 5.8.00, Rik van Riel.
12  */
13
14 #include <linux/mm.h>
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
18 #include <linux/swap.h>
19 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
20 #include <linux/init.h>
21 #include <linux/highmem.h>
22 #include <linux/file.h>
23 #include <linux/writeback.h>
24 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
25 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>  /* for try_to_release_page(),
26                                         buffer_heads_over_limit */
27 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
28 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
29 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
30 #include <linux/rmap.h>
31 #include <linux/topology.h>
32 #include <linux/cpu.h>
33 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
34 #include <linux/notifier.h>
35 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
36 #include <linux/delay.h>
37
38 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
39 #include <asm/div64.h>
40
41 #include <linux/swapops.h>
42
43 #include "internal.h"
44
45 struct scan_control {
46         /* Incremented by the number of inactive pages that were scanned */
47         unsigned long nr_scanned;
48
49         unsigned long nr_mapped;        /* From page_state */
50
51         /* This context's GFP mask */
52         gfp_t gfp_mask;
53
54         int may_writepage;
55
56         /* Can pages be swapped as part of reclaim? */
57         int may_swap;
58
59         /* This context's SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX. If freeing memory for
60          * suspend, we effectively ignore SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX.
61          * In this context, it doesn't matter that we scan the
62          * whole list at once. */
63         int swap_cluster_max;
64 };
65
66 /*
67  * The list of shrinker callbacks used by to apply pressure to
68  * ageable caches.
69  */
70 struct shrinker {
71         shrinker_t              shrinker;
72         struct list_head        list;
73         int                     seeks;  /* seeks to recreate an obj */
74         long                    nr;     /* objs pending delete */
75 };
76
77 #define lru_to_page(_head) (list_entry((_head)->prev, struct page, lru))
78
79 #ifdef ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
80 #define prefetch_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field)                    \
81         do {                                                            \
82                 if ((_page)->lru.prev != _base) {                       \
83                         struct page *prev;                              \
84                                                                         \
85                         prev = lru_to_page(&(_page->lru));              \
86                         prefetch(&prev->_field);                        \
87                 }                                                       \
88         } while (0)
89 #else
90 #define prefetch_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field) do { } while (0)
91 #endif
92
93 #ifdef ARCH_HAS_PREFETCHW
94 #define prefetchw_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field)                   \
95         do {                                                            \
96                 if ((_page)->lru.prev != _base) {                       \
97                         struct page *prev;                              \
98                                                                         \
99                         prev = lru_to_page(&(_page->lru));              \
100                         prefetchw(&prev->_field);                       \
101                 }                                                       \
102         } while (0)
103 #else
104 #define prefetchw_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field) do { } while (0)
105 #endif
106
107 /*
108  * From 0 .. 100.  Higher means more swappy.
109  */
110 int vm_swappiness = 60;
111 static long total_memory;
112
113 static LIST_HEAD(shrinker_list);
114 static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
115
116 /*
117  * Add a shrinker callback to be called from the vm
118  */
119 struct shrinker *set_shrinker(int seeks, shrinker_t theshrinker)
120 {
121         struct shrinker *shrinker;
122
123         shrinker = kmalloc(sizeof(*shrinker), GFP_KERNEL);
124         if (shrinker) {
125                 shrinker->shrinker = theshrinker;
126                 shrinker->seeks = seeks;
127                 shrinker->nr = 0;
128                 down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
129                 list_add_tail(&shrinker->list, &shrinker_list);
130                 up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
131         }
132         return shrinker;
133 }
134 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_shrinker);
135
136 /*
137  * Remove one
138  */
139 void remove_shrinker(struct shrinker *shrinker)
140 {
141         down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
142         list_del(&shrinker->list);
143         up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
144         kfree(shrinker);
145 }
146 EXPORT_SYMBOL(remove_shrinker);
147
148 #define SHRINK_BATCH 128
149 /*
150  * Call the shrink functions to age shrinkable caches
151  *
152  * Here we assume it costs one seek to replace a lru page and that it also
153  * takes a seek to recreate a cache object.  With this in mind we age equal
154  * percentages of the lru and ageable caches.  This should balance the seeks
155  * generated by these structures.
156  *
157  * If the vm encounted mapped pages on the LRU it increase the pressure on
158  * slab to avoid swapping.
159  *
160  * We do weird things to avoid (scanned*seeks*entries) overflowing 32 bits.
161  *
162  * `lru_pages' represents the number of on-LRU pages in all the zones which
163  * are eligible for the caller's allocation attempt.  It is used for balancing
164  * slab reclaim versus page reclaim.
165  *
166  * Returns the number of slab objects which we shrunk.
167  */
168 unsigned long shrink_slab(unsigned long scanned, gfp_t gfp_mask,
169                         unsigned long lru_pages)
170 {
171         struct shrinker *shrinker;
172         unsigned long ret = 0;
173
174         if (scanned == 0)
175                 scanned = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX;
176
177         if (!down_read_trylock(&shrinker_rwsem))
178                 return 1;       /* Assume we'll be able to shrink next time */
179
180         list_for_each_entry(shrinker, &shrinker_list, list) {
181                 unsigned long long delta;
182                 unsigned long total_scan;
183                 unsigned long max_pass = (*shrinker->shrinker)(0, gfp_mask);
184
185                 delta = (4 * scanned) / shrinker->seeks;
186                 delta *= max_pass;
187                 do_div(delta, lru_pages + 1);
188                 shrinker->nr += delta;
189                 if (shrinker->nr < 0) {
190                         printk(KERN_ERR "%s: nr=%ld\n",
191                                         __FUNCTION__, shrinker->nr);
192                         shrinker->nr = max_pass;
193                 }
194
195                 /*
196                  * Avoid risking looping forever due to too large nr value:
197                  * never try to free more than twice the estimate number of
198                  * freeable entries.
199                  */
200                 if (shrinker->nr > max_pass * 2)
201                         shrinker->nr = max_pass * 2;
202
203                 total_scan = shrinker->nr;
204                 shrinker->nr = 0;
205
206                 while (total_scan >= SHRINK_BATCH) {
207                         long this_scan = SHRINK_BATCH;
208                         int shrink_ret;
209                         int nr_before;
210
211                         nr_before = (*shrinker->shrinker)(0, gfp_mask);
212                         shrink_ret = (*shrinker->shrinker)(this_scan, gfp_mask);
213                         if (shrink_ret == -1)
214                                 break;
215                         if (shrink_ret < nr_before)
216                                 ret += nr_before - shrink_ret;
217                         mod_page_state(slabs_scanned, this_scan);
218                         total_scan -= this_scan;
219
220                         cond_resched();
221                 }
222
223                 shrinker->nr += total_scan;
224         }
225         up_read(&shrinker_rwsem);
226         return ret;
227 }
228
229 /* Called without lock on whether page is mapped, so answer is unstable */
230 static inline int page_mapping_inuse(struct page *page)
231 {
232         struct address_space *mapping;
233
234         /* Page is in somebody's page tables. */
235         if (page_mapped(page))
236                 return 1;
237
238         /* Be more reluctant to reclaim swapcache than pagecache */
239         if (PageSwapCache(page))
240                 return 1;
241
242         mapping = page_mapping(page);
243         if (!mapping)
244                 return 0;
245
246         /* File is mmap'd by somebody? */
247         return mapping_mapped(mapping);
248 }
249
250 static inline int is_page_cache_freeable(struct page *page)
251 {
252         return page_count(page) - !!PagePrivate(page) == 2;
253 }
254
255 static int may_write_to_queue(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
256 {
257         if (current->flags & PF_SWAPWRITE)
258                 return 1;
259         if (!bdi_write_congested(bdi))
260                 return 1;
261         if (bdi == current->backing_dev_info)
262                 return 1;
263         return 0;
264 }
265
266 /*
267  * We detected a synchronous write error writing a page out.  Probably
268  * -ENOSPC.  We need to propagate that into the address_space for a subsequent
269  * fsync(), msync() or close().
270  *
271  * The tricky part is that after writepage we cannot touch the mapping: nothing
272  * prevents it from being freed up.  But we have a ref on the page and once
273  * that page is locked, the mapping is pinned.
274  *
275  * We're allowed to run sleeping lock_page() here because we know the caller has
276  * __GFP_FS.
277  */
278 static void handle_write_error(struct address_space *mapping,
279                                 struct page *page, int error)
280 {
281         lock_page(page);
282         if (page_mapping(page) == mapping) {
283                 if (error == -ENOSPC)
284                         set_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags);
285                 else
286                         set_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags);
287         }
288         unlock_page(page);
289 }
290
291 /*
292  * pageout is called by shrink_page_list() for each dirty page.
293  * Calls ->writepage().
294  */
295 pageout_t pageout(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
296 {
297         /*
298          * If the page is dirty, only perform writeback if that write
299          * will be non-blocking.  To prevent this allocation from being
300          * stalled by pagecache activity.  But note that there may be
301          * stalls if we need to run get_block().  We could test
302          * PagePrivate for that.
303          *
304          * If this process is currently in generic_file_write() against
305          * this page's queue, we can perform writeback even if that
306          * will block.
307          *
308          * If the page is swapcache, write it back even if that would
309          * block, for some throttling. This happens by accident, because
310          * swap_backing_dev_info is bust: it doesn't reflect the
311          * congestion state of the swapdevs.  Easy to fix, if needed.
312          * See swapfile.c:page_queue_congested().
313          */
314         if (!is_page_cache_freeable(page))
315                 return PAGE_KEEP;
316         if (!mapping) {
317                 /*
318                  * Some data journaling orphaned pages can have
319                  * page->mapping == NULL while being dirty with clean buffers.
320                  */
321                 if (PagePrivate(page)) {
322                         if (try_to_free_buffers(page)) {
323                                 ClearPageDirty(page);
324                                 printk("%s: orphaned page\n", __FUNCTION__);
325                                 return PAGE_CLEAN;
326                         }
327                 }
328                 return PAGE_KEEP;
329         }
330         if (mapping->a_ops->writepage == NULL)
331                 return PAGE_ACTIVATE;
332         if (!may_write_to_queue(mapping->backing_dev_info))
333                 return PAGE_KEEP;
334
335         if (clear_page_dirty_for_io(page)) {
336                 int res;
337                 struct writeback_control wbc = {
338                         .sync_mode = WB_SYNC_NONE,
339                         .nr_to_write = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
340                         .nonblocking = 1,
341                         .for_reclaim = 1,
342                 };
343
344                 SetPageReclaim(page);
345                 res = mapping->a_ops->writepage(page, &wbc);
346                 if (res < 0)
347                         handle_write_error(mapping, page, res);
348                 if (res == AOP_WRITEPAGE_ACTIVATE) {
349                         ClearPageReclaim(page);
350                         return PAGE_ACTIVATE;
351                 }
352                 if (!PageWriteback(page)) {
353                         /* synchronous write or broken a_ops? */
354                         ClearPageReclaim(page);
355                 }
356
357                 return PAGE_SUCCESS;
358         }
359
360         return PAGE_CLEAN;
361 }
362
363 int remove_mapping(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *page)
364 {
365         if (!mapping)
366                 return 0;               /* truncate got there first */
367
368         write_lock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
369
370         /*
371          * The non-racy check for busy page.  It is critical to check
372          * PageDirty _after_ making sure that the page is freeable and
373          * not in use by anybody.       (pagecache + us == 2)
374          */
375         if (unlikely(page_count(page) != 2))
376                 goto cannot_free;
377         smp_rmb();
378         if (unlikely(PageDirty(page)))
379                 goto cannot_free;
380
381         if (PageSwapCache(page)) {
382                 swp_entry_t swap = { .val = page_private(page) };
383                 __delete_from_swap_cache(page);
384                 write_unlock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
385                 swap_free(swap);
386                 __put_page(page);       /* The pagecache ref */
387                 return 1;
388         }
389
390         __remove_from_page_cache(page);
391         write_unlock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
392         __put_page(page);
393         return 1;
394
395 cannot_free:
396         write_unlock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
397         return 0;
398 }
399
400 /*
401  * shrink_page_list() returns the number of reclaimed pages
402  */
403 static unsigned long shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
404                                         struct scan_control *sc)
405 {
406         LIST_HEAD(ret_pages);
407         struct pagevec freed_pvec;
408         int pgactivate = 0;
409         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
410
411         cond_resched();
412
413         pagevec_init(&freed_pvec, 1);
414         while (!list_empty(page_list)) {
415                 struct address_space *mapping;
416                 struct page *page;
417                 int may_enter_fs;
418                 int referenced;
419
420                 cond_resched();
421
422                 page = lru_to_page(page_list);
423                 list_del(&page->lru);
424
425                 if (TestSetPageLocked(page))
426                         goto keep;
427
428                 BUG_ON(PageActive(page));
429
430                 sc->nr_scanned++;
431
432                 if (!sc->may_swap && page_mapped(page))
433                         goto keep_locked;
434
435                 /* Double the slab pressure for mapped and swapcache pages */
436                 if (page_mapped(page) || PageSwapCache(page))
437                         sc->nr_scanned++;
438
439                 if (PageWriteback(page))
440                         goto keep_locked;
441
442                 referenced = page_referenced(page, 1);
443                 /* In active use or really unfreeable?  Activate it. */
444                 if (referenced && page_mapping_inuse(page))
445                         goto activate_locked;
446
447 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
448                 /*
449                  * Anonymous process memory has backing store?
450                  * Try to allocate it some swap space here.
451                  */
452                 if (PageAnon(page) && !PageSwapCache(page))
453                         if (!add_to_swap(page, GFP_ATOMIC))
454                                 goto activate_locked;
455 #endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
456
457                 mapping = page_mapping(page);
458                 may_enter_fs = (sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_FS) ||
459                         (PageSwapCache(page) && (sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_IO));
460
461                 /*
462                  * The page is mapped into the page tables of one or more
463                  * processes. Try to unmap it here.
464                  */
465                 if (page_mapped(page) && mapping) {
466                         switch (try_to_unmap(page, 0)) {
467                         case SWAP_FAIL:
468                                 goto activate_locked;
469                         case SWAP_AGAIN:
470                                 goto keep_locked;
471                         case SWAP_SUCCESS:
472                                 ; /* try to free the page below */
473                         }
474                 }
475
476                 if (PageDirty(page)) {
477                         if (referenced)
478                                 goto keep_locked;
479                         if (!may_enter_fs)
480                                 goto keep_locked;
481                         if (!sc->may_writepage)
482                                 goto keep_locked;
483
484                         /* Page is dirty, try to write it out here */
485                         switch(pageout(page, mapping)) {
486                         case PAGE_KEEP:
487                                 goto keep_locked;
488                         case PAGE_ACTIVATE:
489                                 goto activate_locked;
490                         case PAGE_SUCCESS:
491                                 if (PageWriteback(page) || PageDirty(page))
492                                         goto keep;
493                                 /*
494                                  * A synchronous write - probably a ramdisk.  Go
495                                  * ahead and try to reclaim the page.
496                                  */
497                                 if (TestSetPageLocked(page))
498                                         goto keep;
499                                 if (PageDirty(page) || PageWriteback(page))
500                                         goto keep_locked;
501                                 mapping = page_mapping(page);
502                         case PAGE_CLEAN:
503                                 ; /* try to free the page below */
504                         }
505                 }
506
507                 /*
508                  * If the page has buffers, try to free the buffer mappings
509                  * associated with this page. If we succeed we try to free
510                  * the page as well.
511                  *
512                  * We do this even if the page is PageDirty().
513                  * try_to_release_page() does not perform I/O, but it is
514                  * possible for a page to have PageDirty set, but it is actually
515                  * clean (all its buffers are clean).  This happens if the
516                  * buffers were written out directly, with submit_bh(). ext3
517                  * will do this, as well as the blockdev mapping. 
518                  * try_to_release_page() will discover that cleanness and will
519                  * drop the buffers and mark the page clean - it can be freed.
520                  *
521                  * Rarely, pages can have buffers and no ->mapping.  These are
522                  * the pages which were not successfully invalidated in
523                  * truncate_complete_page().  We try to drop those buffers here
524                  * and if that worked, and the page is no longer mapped into
525                  * process address space (page_count == 1) it can be freed.
526                  * Otherwise, leave the page on the LRU so it is swappable.
527                  */
528                 if (PagePrivate(page)) {
529                         if (!try_to_release_page(page, sc->gfp_mask))
530                                 goto activate_locked;
531                         if (!mapping && page_count(page) == 1)
532                                 goto free_it;
533                 }
534
535                 if (!remove_mapping(mapping, page))
536                         goto keep_locked;
537
538 free_it:
539                 unlock_page(page);
540                 nr_reclaimed++;
541                 if (!pagevec_add(&freed_pvec, page))
542                         __pagevec_release_nonlru(&freed_pvec);
543                 continue;
544
545 activate_locked:
546                 SetPageActive(page);
547                 pgactivate++;
548 keep_locked:
549                 unlock_page(page);
550 keep:
551                 list_add(&page->lru, &ret_pages);
552                 BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
553         }
554         list_splice(&ret_pages, page_list);
555         if (pagevec_count(&freed_pvec))
556                 __pagevec_release_nonlru(&freed_pvec);
557         mod_page_state(pgactivate, pgactivate);
558         return nr_reclaimed;
559 }
560
561 /*
562  * zone->lru_lock is heavily contended.  Some of the functions that
563  * shrink the lists perform better by taking out a batch of pages
564  * and working on them outside the LRU lock.
565  *
566  * For pagecache intensive workloads, this function is the hottest
567  * spot in the kernel (apart from copy_*_user functions).
568  *
569  * Appropriate locks must be held before calling this function.
570  *
571  * @nr_to_scan: The number of pages to look through on the list.
572  * @src:        The LRU list to pull pages off.
573  * @dst:        The temp list to put pages on to.
574  * @scanned:    The number of pages that were scanned.
575  *
576  * returns how many pages were moved onto *@dst.
577  */
578 static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
579                 struct list_head *src, struct list_head *dst,
580                 unsigned long *scanned)
581 {
582         unsigned long nr_taken = 0;
583         struct page *page;
584         unsigned long scan;
585
586         for (scan = 0; scan < nr_to_scan && !list_empty(src); scan++) {
587                 struct list_head *target;
588                 page = lru_to_page(src);
589                 prefetchw_prev_lru_page(page, src, flags);
590
591                 BUG_ON(!PageLRU(page));
592
593                 list_del(&page->lru);
594                 target = src;
595                 if (likely(get_page_unless_zero(page))) {
596                         /*
597                          * Be careful not to clear PageLRU until after we're
598                          * sure the page is not being freed elsewhere -- the
599                          * page release code relies on it.
600                          */
601                         ClearPageLRU(page);
602                         target = dst;
603                         nr_taken++;
604                 } /* else it is being freed elsewhere */
605
606                 list_add(&page->lru, target);
607         }
608
609         *scanned = scan;
610         return nr_taken;
611 }
612
613 /*
614  * shrink_inactive_list() is a helper for shrink_zone().  It returns the number
615  * of reclaimed pages
616  */
617 static unsigned long shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long max_scan,
618                                 struct zone *zone, struct scan_control *sc)
619 {
620         LIST_HEAD(page_list);
621         struct pagevec pvec;
622         unsigned long nr_scanned = 0;
623         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
624
625         pagevec_init(&pvec, 1);
626
627         lru_add_drain();
628         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
629         do {
630                 struct page *page;
631                 unsigned long nr_taken;
632                 unsigned long nr_scan;
633                 unsigned long nr_freed;
634
635                 nr_taken = isolate_lru_pages(sc->swap_cluster_max,
636                                              &zone->inactive_list,
637                                              &page_list, &nr_scan);
638                 zone->nr_inactive -= nr_taken;
639                 zone->pages_scanned += nr_scan;
640                 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
641
642                 nr_scanned += nr_scan;
643                 nr_freed = shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc);
644                 nr_reclaimed += nr_freed;
645                 local_irq_disable();
646                 if (current_is_kswapd()) {
647                         __mod_page_state_zone(zone, pgscan_kswapd, nr_scan);
648                         __mod_page_state(kswapd_steal, nr_freed);
649                 } else
650                         __mod_page_state_zone(zone, pgscan_direct, nr_scan);
651                 __mod_page_state_zone(zone, pgsteal, nr_freed);
652
653                 if (nr_taken == 0)
654                         goto done;
655
656                 spin_lock(&zone->lru_lock);
657                 /*
658                  * Put back any unfreeable pages.
659                  */
660                 while (!list_empty(&page_list)) {
661                         page = lru_to_page(&page_list);
662                         BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
663                         SetPageLRU(page);
664                         list_del(&page->lru);
665                         if (PageActive(page))
666                                 add_page_to_active_list(zone, page);
667                         else
668                                 add_page_to_inactive_list(zone, page);
669                         if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
670                                 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
671                                 __pagevec_release(&pvec);
672                                 spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
673                         }
674                 }
675         } while (nr_scanned < max_scan);
676         spin_unlock(&zone->lru_lock);
677 done:
678         local_irq_enable();
679         pagevec_release(&pvec);
680         return nr_reclaimed;
681 }
682
683 /*
684  * This moves pages from the active list to the inactive list.
685  *
686  * We move them the other way if the page is referenced by one or more
687  * processes, from rmap.
688  *
689  * If the pages are mostly unmapped, the processing is fast and it is
690  * appropriate to hold zone->lru_lock across the whole operation.  But if
691  * the pages are mapped, the processing is slow (page_referenced()) so we
692  * should drop zone->lru_lock around each page.  It's impossible to balance
693  * this, so instead we remove the pages from the LRU while processing them.
694  * It is safe to rely on PG_active against the non-LRU pages in here because
695  * nobody will play with that bit on a non-LRU page.
696  *
697  * The downside is that we have to touch page->_count against each page.
698  * But we had to alter page->flags anyway.
699  */
700 static void shrink_active_list(unsigned long nr_pages, struct zone *zone,
701                                 struct scan_control *sc)
702 {
703         unsigned long pgmoved;
704         int pgdeactivate = 0;
705         unsigned long pgscanned;
706         LIST_HEAD(l_hold);      /* The pages which were snipped off */
707         LIST_HEAD(l_inactive);  /* Pages to go onto the inactive_list */
708         LIST_HEAD(l_active);    /* Pages to go onto the active_list */
709         struct page *page;
710         struct pagevec pvec;
711         int reclaim_mapped = 0;
712
713         if (sc->may_swap) {
714                 long mapped_ratio;
715                 long distress;
716                 long swap_tendency;
717
718                 /*
719                  * `distress' is a measure of how much trouble we're having
720                  * reclaiming pages.  0 -> no problems.  100 -> great trouble.
721                  */
722                 distress = 100 >> zone->prev_priority;
723
724                 /*
725                  * The point of this algorithm is to decide when to start
726                  * reclaiming mapped memory instead of just pagecache.  Work out
727                  * how much memory
728                  * is mapped.
729                  */
730                 mapped_ratio = (sc->nr_mapped * 100) / total_memory;
731
732                 /*
733                  * Now decide how much we really want to unmap some pages.  The
734                  * mapped ratio is downgraded - just because there's a lot of
735                  * mapped memory doesn't necessarily mean that page reclaim
736                  * isn't succeeding.
737                  *
738                  * The distress ratio is important - we don't want to start
739                  * going oom.
740                  *
741                  * A 100% value of vm_swappiness overrides this algorithm
742                  * altogether.
743                  */
744                 swap_tendency = mapped_ratio / 2 + distress + vm_swappiness;
745
746                 /*
747                  * Now use this metric to decide whether to start moving mapped
748                  * memory onto the inactive list.
749                  */
750                 if (swap_tendency >= 100)
751                         reclaim_mapped = 1;
752         }
753
754         lru_add_drain();
755         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
756         pgmoved = isolate_lru_pages(nr_pages, &zone->active_list,
757                                     &l_hold, &pgscanned);
758         zone->pages_scanned += pgscanned;
759         zone->nr_active -= pgmoved;
760         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
761
762         while (!list_empty(&l_hold)) {
763                 cond_resched();
764                 page = lru_to_page(&l_hold);
765                 list_del(&page->lru);
766                 if (page_mapped(page)) {
767                         if (!reclaim_mapped ||
768                             (total_swap_pages == 0 && PageAnon(page)) ||
769                             page_referenced(page, 0)) {
770                                 list_add(&page->lru, &l_active);
771                                 continue;
772                         }
773                 }
774                 list_add(&page->lru, &l_inactive);
775         }
776
777         pagevec_init(&pvec, 1);
778         pgmoved = 0;
779         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
780         while (!list_empty(&l_inactive)) {
781                 page = lru_to_page(&l_inactive);
782                 prefetchw_prev_lru_page(page, &l_inactive, flags);
783                 BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
784                 SetPageLRU(page);
785                 BUG_ON(!PageActive(page));
786                 ClearPageActive(page);
787
788                 list_move(&page->lru, &zone->inactive_list);
789                 pgmoved++;
790                 if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
791                         zone->nr_inactive += pgmoved;
792                         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
793                         pgdeactivate += pgmoved;
794                         pgmoved = 0;
795                         if (buffer_heads_over_limit)
796                                 pagevec_strip(&pvec);
797                         __pagevec_release(&pvec);
798                         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
799                 }
800         }
801         zone->nr_inactive += pgmoved;
802         pgdeactivate += pgmoved;
803         if (buffer_heads_over_limit) {
804                 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
805                 pagevec_strip(&pvec);
806                 spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
807         }
808
809         pgmoved = 0;
810         while (!list_empty(&l_active)) {
811                 page = lru_to_page(&l_active);
812                 prefetchw_prev_lru_page(page, &l_active, flags);
813                 BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
814                 SetPageLRU(page);
815                 BUG_ON(!PageActive(page));
816                 list_move(&page->lru, &zone->active_list);
817                 pgmoved++;
818                 if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
819                         zone->nr_active += pgmoved;
820                         pgmoved = 0;
821                         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
822                         __pagevec_release(&pvec);
823                         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
824                 }
825         }
826         zone->nr_active += pgmoved;
827         spin_unlock(&zone->lru_lock);
828
829         __mod_page_state_zone(zone, pgrefill, pgscanned);
830         __mod_page_state(pgdeactivate, pgdeactivate);
831         local_irq_enable();
832
833         pagevec_release(&pvec);
834 }
835
836 /*
837  * This is a basic per-zone page freer.  Used by both kswapd and direct reclaim.
838  */
839 static unsigned long shrink_zone(int priority, struct zone *zone,
840                                 struct scan_control *sc)
841 {
842         unsigned long nr_active;
843         unsigned long nr_inactive;
844         unsigned long nr_to_scan;
845         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
846
847         atomic_inc(&zone->reclaim_in_progress);
848
849         /*
850          * Add one to `nr_to_scan' just to make sure that the kernel will
851          * slowly sift through the active list.
852          */
853         zone->nr_scan_active += (zone->nr_active >> priority) + 1;
854         nr_active = zone->nr_scan_active;
855         if (nr_active >= sc->swap_cluster_max)
856                 zone->nr_scan_active = 0;
857         else
858                 nr_active = 0;
859
860         zone->nr_scan_inactive += (zone->nr_inactive >> priority) + 1;
861         nr_inactive = zone->nr_scan_inactive;
862         if (nr_inactive >= sc->swap_cluster_max)
863                 zone->nr_scan_inactive = 0;
864         else
865                 nr_inactive = 0;
866
867         while (nr_active || nr_inactive) {
868                 if (nr_active) {
869                         nr_to_scan = min(nr_active,
870                                         (unsigned long)sc->swap_cluster_max);
871                         nr_active -= nr_to_scan;
872                         shrink_active_list(nr_to_scan, zone, sc);
873                 }
874
875                 if (nr_inactive) {
876                         nr_to_scan = min(nr_inactive,
877                                         (unsigned long)sc->swap_cluster_max);
878                         nr_inactive -= nr_to_scan;
879                         nr_reclaimed += shrink_inactive_list(nr_to_scan, zone,
880                                                                 sc);
881                 }
882         }
883
884         throttle_vm_writeout();
885
886         atomic_dec(&zone->reclaim_in_progress);
887         return nr_reclaimed;
888 }
889
890 /*
891  * This is the direct reclaim path, for page-allocating processes.  We only
892  * try to reclaim pages from zones which will satisfy the caller's allocation
893  * request.
894  *
895  * We reclaim from a zone even if that zone is over pages_high.  Because:
896  * a) The caller may be trying to free *extra* pages to satisfy a higher-order
897  *    allocation or
898  * b) The zones may be over pages_high but they must go *over* pages_high to
899  *    satisfy the `incremental min' zone defense algorithm.
900  *
901  * Returns the number of reclaimed pages.
902  *
903  * If a zone is deemed to be full of pinned pages then just give it a light
904  * scan then give up on it.
905  */
906 static unsigned long shrink_zones(int priority, struct zone **zones,
907                                         struct scan_control *sc)
908 {
909         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
910         int i;
911
912         for (i = 0; zones[i] != NULL; i++) {
913                 struct zone *zone = zones[i];
914
915                 if (!populated_zone(zone))
916                         continue;
917
918                 if (!cpuset_zone_allowed(zone, __GFP_HARDWALL))
919                         continue;
920
921                 zone->temp_priority = priority;
922                 if (zone->prev_priority > priority)
923                         zone->prev_priority = priority;
924
925                 if (zone->all_unreclaimable && priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
926                         continue;       /* Let kswapd poll it */
927
928                 nr_reclaimed += shrink_zone(priority, zone, sc);
929         }
930         return nr_reclaimed;
931 }
932  
933 /*
934  * This is the main entry point to direct page reclaim.
935  *
936  * If a full scan of the inactive list fails to free enough memory then we
937  * are "out of memory" and something needs to be killed.
938  *
939  * If the caller is !__GFP_FS then the probability of a failure is reasonably
940  * high - the zone may be full of dirty or under-writeback pages, which this
941  * caller can't do much about.  We kick pdflush and take explicit naps in the
942  * hope that some of these pages can be written.  But if the allocating task
943  * holds filesystem locks which prevent writeout this might not work, and the
944  * allocation attempt will fail.
945  */
946 unsigned long try_to_free_pages(struct zone **zones, gfp_t gfp_mask)
947 {
948         int priority;
949         int ret = 0;
950         unsigned long total_scanned = 0;
951         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
952         struct reclaim_state *reclaim_state = current->reclaim_state;
953         unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
954         int i;
955         struct scan_control sc = {
956                 .gfp_mask = gfp_mask,
957                 .may_writepage = !laptop_mode,
958                 .swap_cluster_max = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
959                 .may_swap = 1,
960         };
961
962         inc_page_state(allocstall);
963
964         for (i = 0; zones[i] != NULL; i++) {
965                 struct zone *zone = zones[i];
966
967                 if (!cpuset_zone_allowed(zone, __GFP_HARDWALL))
968                         continue;
969
970                 zone->temp_priority = DEF_PRIORITY;
971                 lru_pages += zone->nr_active + zone->nr_inactive;
972         }
973
974         for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
975                 sc.nr_mapped = read_page_state(nr_mapped);
976                 sc.nr_scanned = 0;
977                 if (!priority)
978                         disable_swap_token();
979                 nr_reclaimed += shrink_zones(priority, zones, &sc);
980                 shrink_slab(sc.nr_scanned, gfp_mask, lru_pages);
981                 if (reclaim_state) {
982                         nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
983                         reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
984                 }
985                 total_scanned += sc.nr_scanned;
986                 if (nr_reclaimed >= sc.swap_cluster_max) {
987                         ret = 1;
988                         goto out;
989                 }
990
991                 /*
992                  * Try to write back as many pages as we just scanned.  This
993                  * tends to cause slow streaming writers to write data to the
994                  * disk smoothly, at the dirtying rate, which is nice.   But
995                  * that's undesirable in laptop mode, where we *want* lumpy
996                  * writeout.  So in laptop mode, write out the whole world.
997                  */
998                 if (total_scanned > sc.swap_cluster_max +
999                                         sc.swap_cluster_max / 2) {
1000                         wakeup_pdflush(laptop_mode ? 0 : total_scanned);
1001                         sc.may_writepage = 1;
1002                 }
1003
1004                 /* Take a nap, wait for some writeback to complete */
1005                 if (sc.nr_scanned && priority < DEF_PRIORITY - 2)
1006                         blk_congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/10);
1007         }
1008 out:
1009         for (i = 0; zones[i] != 0; i++) {
1010                 struct zone *zone = zones[i];
1011
1012                 if (!cpuset_zone_allowed(zone, __GFP_HARDWALL))
1013                         continue;
1014
1015                 zone->prev_priority = zone->temp_priority;
1016         }
1017         return ret;
1018 }
1019
1020 /*
1021  * For kswapd, balance_pgdat() will work across all this node's zones until
1022  * they are all at pages_high.
1023  *
1024  * If `nr_pages' is non-zero then it is the number of pages which are to be
1025  * reclaimed, regardless of the zone occupancies.  This is a software suspend
1026  * special.
1027  *
1028  * Returns the number of pages which were actually freed.
1029  *
1030  * There is special handling here for zones which are full of pinned pages.
1031  * This can happen if the pages are all mlocked, or if they are all used by
1032  * device drivers (say, ZONE_DMA).  Or if they are all in use by hugetlb.
1033  * What we do is to detect the case where all pages in the zone have been
1034  * scanned twice and there has been zero successful reclaim.  Mark the zone as
1035  * dead and from now on, only perform a short scan.  Basically we're polling
1036  * the zone for when the problem goes away.
1037  *
1038  * kswapd scans the zones in the highmem->normal->dma direction.  It skips
1039  * zones which have free_pages > pages_high, but once a zone is found to have
1040  * free_pages <= pages_high, we scan that zone and the lower zones regardless
1041  * of the number of free pages in the lower zones.  This interoperates with
1042  * the page allocator fallback scheme to ensure that aging of pages is balanced
1043  * across the zones.
1044  */
1045 static unsigned long balance_pgdat(pg_data_t *pgdat, unsigned long nr_pages,
1046                                 int order)
1047 {
1048         unsigned long to_free = nr_pages;
1049         int all_zones_ok;
1050         int priority;
1051         int i;
1052         unsigned long total_scanned;
1053         unsigned long nr_reclaimed;
1054         struct reclaim_state *reclaim_state = current->reclaim_state;
1055         struct scan_control sc = {
1056                 .gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL,
1057                 .may_swap = 1,
1058                 .swap_cluster_max = nr_pages ? nr_pages : SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
1059         };
1060
1061 loop_again:
1062         total_scanned = 0;
1063         nr_reclaimed = 0;
1064         sc.may_writepage = !laptop_mode,
1065         sc.nr_mapped = read_page_state(nr_mapped);
1066
1067         inc_page_state(pageoutrun);
1068
1069         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
1070                 struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1071
1072                 zone->temp_priority = DEF_PRIORITY;
1073         }
1074
1075         for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
1076                 int end_zone = 0;       /* Inclusive.  0 = ZONE_DMA */
1077                 unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
1078
1079                 /* The swap token gets in the way of swapout... */
1080                 if (!priority)
1081                         disable_swap_token();
1082
1083                 all_zones_ok = 1;
1084
1085                 if (nr_pages == 0) {
1086                         /*
1087                          * Scan in the highmem->dma direction for the highest
1088                          * zone which needs scanning
1089                          */
1090                         for (i = pgdat->nr_zones - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1091                                 struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1092
1093                                 if (!populated_zone(zone))
1094                                         continue;
1095
1096                                 if (zone->all_unreclaimable &&
1097                                                 priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
1098                                         continue;
1099
1100                                 if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, order,
1101                                                 zone->pages_high, 0, 0)) {
1102                                         end_zone = i;
1103                                         goto scan;
1104                                 }
1105                         }
1106                         goto out;
1107                 } else {
1108                         end_zone = pgdat->nr_zones - 1;
1109                 }
1110 scan:
1111                 for (i = 0; i <= end_zone; i++) {
1112                         struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1113
1114                         lru_pages += zone->nr_active + zone->nr_inactive;
1115                 }
1116
1117                 /*
1118                  * Now scan the zone in the dma->highmem direction, stopping
1119                  * at the last zone which needs scanning.
1120                  *
1121                  * We do this because the page allocator works in the opposite
1122                  * direction.  This prevents the page allocator from allocating
1123                  * pages behind kswapd's direction of progress, which would
1124                  * cause too much scanning of the lower zones.
1125                  */
1126                 for (i = 0; i <= end_zone; i++) {
1127                         struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1128                         int nr_slab;
1129
1130                         if (!populated_zone(zone))
1131                                 continue;
1132
1133                         if (zone->all_unreclaimable && priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
1134                                 continue;
1135
1136                         if (nr_pages == 0) {    /* Not software suspend */
1137                                 if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, order,
1138                                                 zone->pages_high, end_zone, 0))
1139                                         all_zones_ok = 0;
1140                         }
1141                         zone->temp_priority = priority;
1142                         if (zone->prev_priority > priority)
1143                                 zone->prev_priority = priority;
1144                         sc.nr_scanned = 0;
1145                         nr_reclaimed += shrink_zone(priority, zone, &sc);
1146                         reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
1147                         nr_slab = shrink_slab(sc.nr_scanned, GFP_KERNEL,
1148                                                 lru_pages);
1149                         nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
1150                         total_scanned += sc.nr_scanned;
1151                         if (zone->all_unreclaimable)
1152                                 continue;
1153                         if (nr_slab == 0 && zone->pages_scanned >=
1154                                     (zone->nr_active + zone->nr_inactive) * 4)
1155                                 zone->all_unreclaimable = 1;
1156                         /*
1157                          * If we've done a decent amount of scanning and
1158                          * the reclaim ratio is low, start doing writepage
1159                          * even in laptop mode
1160                          */
1161                         if (total_scanned > SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX * 2 &&
1162                             total_scanned > nr_reclaimed + nr_reclaimed / 2)
1163                                 sc.may_writepage = 1;
1164                 }
1165                 if (nr_pages && to_free > nr_reclaimed)
1166                         continue;       /* swsusp: need to do more work */
1167                 if (all_zones_ok)
1168                         break;          /* kswapd: all done */
1169                 /*
1170                  * OK, kswapd is getting into trouble.  Take a nap, then take
1171                  * another pass across the zones.
1172                  */
1173                 if (total_scanned && priority < DEF_PRIORITY - 2)
1174                         blk_congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/10);
1175
1176                 /*
1177                  * We do this so kswapd doesn't build up large priorities for
1178                  * example when it is freeing in parallel with allocators. It
1179                  * matches the direct reclaim path behaviour in terms of impact
1180                  * on zone->*_priority.
1181                  */
1182                 if ((nr_reclaimed >= SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX) && !nr_pages)
1183                         break;
1184         }
1185 out:
1186         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
1187                 struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1188
1189                 zone->prev_priority = zone->temp_priority;
1190         }
1191         if (!all_zones_ok) {
1192                 cond_resched();
1193                 goto loop_again;
1194         }
1195
1196         return nr_reclaimed;
1197 }
1198
1199 /*
1200  * The background pageout daemon, started as a kernel thread
1201  * from the init process. 
1202  *
1203  * This basically trickles out pages so that we have _some_
1204  * free memory available even if there is no other activity
1205  * that frees anything up. This is needed for things like routing
1206  * etc, where we otherwise might have all activity going on in
1207  * asynchronous contexts that cannot page things out.
1208  *
1209  * If there are applications that are active memory-allocators
1210  * (most normal use), this basically shouldn't matter.
1211  */
1212 static int kswapd(void *p)
1213 {
1214         unsigned long order;
1215         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t*)p;
1216         struct task_struct *tsk = current;
1217         DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
1218         struct reclaim_state reclaim_state = {
1219                 .reclaimed_slab = 0,
1220         };
1221         cpumask_t cpumask;
1222
1223         daemonize("kswapd%d", pgdat->node_id);
1224         cpumask = node_to_cpumask(pgdat->node_id);
1225         if (!cpus_empty(cpumask))
1226                 set_cpus_allowed(tsk, cpumask);
1227         current->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state;
1228
1229         /*
1230          * Tell the memory management that we're a "memory allocator",
1231          * and that if we need more memory we should get access to it
1232          * regardless (see "__alloc_pages()"). "kswapd" should
1233          * never get caught in the normal page freeing logic.
1234          *
1235          * (Kswapd normally doesn't need memory anyway, but sometimes
1236          * you need a small amount of memory in order to be able to
1237          * page out something else, and this flag essentially protects
1238          * us from recursively trying to free more memory as we're
1239          * trying to free the first piece of memory in the first place).
1240          */
1241         tsk->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE | PF_KSWAPD;
1242
1243         order = 0;
1244         for ( ; ; ) {
1245                 unsigned long new_order;
1246
1247                 try_to_freeze();
1248
1249                 prepare_to_wait(&pgdat->kswapd_wait, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
1250                 new_order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
1251                 pgdat->kswapd_max_order = 0;
1252                 if (order < new_order) {
1253                         /*
1254                          * Don't sleep if someone wants a larger 'order'
1255                          * allocation
1256                          */
1257                         order = new_order;
1258                 } else {
1259                         schedule();
1260                         order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
1261                 }
1262                 finish_wait(&pgdat->kswapd_wait, &wait);
1263
1264                 balance_pgdat(pgdat, 0, order);
1265         }
1266         return 0;
1267 }
1268
1269 /*
1270  * A zone is low on free memory, so wake its kswapd task to service it.
1271  */
1272 void wakeup_kswapd(struct zone *zone, int order)
1273 {
1274         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1275
1276         if (!populated_zone(zone))
1277                 return;
1278
1279         pgdat = zone->zone_pgdat;
1280         if (zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, zone->pages_low, 0, 0))
1281                 return;
1282         if (pgdat->kswapd_max_order < order)
1283                 pgdat->kswapd_max_order = order;
1284         if (!cpuset_zone_allowed(zone, __GFP_HARDWALL))
1285                 return;
1286         if (!waitqueue_active(&pgdat->kswapd_wait))
1287                 return;
1288         wake_up_interruptible(&pgdat->kswapd_wait);
1289 }
1290
1291 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
1292 /*
1293  * Try to free `nr_pages' of memory, system-wide.  Returns the number of freed
1294  * pages.
1295  */
1296 unsigned long shrink_all_memory(unsigned long nr_pages)
1297 {
1298         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1299         unsigned long nr_to_free = nr_pages;
1300         unsigned long ret = 0;
1301         unsigned retry = 2;
1302         struct reclaim_state reclaim_state = {
1303                 .reclaimed_slab = 0,
1304         };
1305
1306         current->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state;
1307 repeat:
1308         for_each_pgdat(pgdat) {
1309                 unsigned long freed;
1310
1311                 freed = balance_pgdat(pgdat, nr_to_free, 0);
1312                 ret += freed;
1313                 nr_to_free -= freed;
1314                 if ((long)nr_to_free <= 0)
1315                         break;
1316         }
1317         if (retry-- && ret < nr_pages) {
1318                 blk_congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/5);
1319                 goto repeat;
1320         }
1321         current->reclaim_state = NULL;
1322         return ret;
1323 }
1324 #endif
1325
1326 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
1327 /* It's optimal to keep kswapds on the same CPUs as their memory, but
1328    not required for correctness.  So if the last cpu in a node goes
1329    away, we get changed to run anywhere: as the first one comes back,
1330    restore their cpu bindings. */
1331 static int __devinit cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1332                                   unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1333 {
1334         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1335         cpumask_t mask;
1336
1337         if (action == CPU_ONLINE) {
1338                 for_each_pgdat(pgdat) {
1339                         mask = node_to_cpumask(pgdat->node_id);
1340                         if (any_online_cpu(mask) != NR_CPUS)
1341                                 /* One of our CPUs online: restore mask */
1342                                 set_cpus_allowed(pgdat->kswapd, mask);
1343                 }
1344         }
1345         return NOTIFY_OK;
1346 }
1347 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
1348
1349 static int __init kswapd_init(void)
1350 {
1351         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1352
1353         swap_setup();
1354         for_each_pgdat(pgdat) {
1355                 pid_t pid;
1356
1357                 pid = kernel_thread(kswapd, pgdat, CLONE_KERNEL);
1358                 BUG_ON(pid < 0);
1359                 pgdat->kswapd = find_task_by_pid(pid);
1360         }
1361         total_memory = nr_free_pagecache_pages();
1362         hotcpu_notifier(cpu_callback, 0);
1363         return 0;
1364 }
1365
1366 module_init(kswapd_init)
1367
1368 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1369 /*
1370  * Zone reclaim mode
1371  *
1372  * If non-zero call zone_reclaim when the number of free pages falls below
1373  * the watermarks.
1374  *
1375  * In the future we may add flags to the mode. However, the page allocator
1376  * should only have to check that zone_reclaim_mode != 0 before calling
1377  * zone_reclaim().
1378  */
1379 int zone_reclaim_mode __read_mostly;
1380
1381 #define RECLAIM_OFF 0
1382 #define RECLAIM_ZONE (1<<0)     /* Run shrink_cache on the zone */
1383 #define RECLAIM_WRITE (1<<1)    /* Writeout pages during reclaim */
1384 #define RECLAIM_SWAP (1<<2)     /* Swap pages out during reclaim */
1385 #define RECLAIM_SLAB (1<<3)     /* Do a global slab shrink if the zone is out of memory */
1386
1387 /*
1388  * Mininum time between zone reclaim scans
1389  */
1390 int zone_reclaim_interval __read_mostly = 30*HZ;
1391
1392 /*
1393  * Priority for ZONE_RECLAIM. This determines the fraction of pages
1394  * of a node considered for each zone_reclaim. 4 scans 1/16th of
1395  * a zone.
1396  */
1397 #define ZONE_RECLAIM_PRIORITY 4
1398
1399 /*
1400  * Try to free up some pages from this zone through reclaim.
1401  */
1402 static int __zone_reclaim(struct zone *zone, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order)
1403 {
1404         /* Minimum pages needed in order to stay on node */
1405         const unsigned long nr_pages = 1 << order;
1406         struct task_struct *p = current;
1407         struct reclaim_state reclaim_state;
1408         int priority;
1409         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
1410         struct scan_control sc = {
1411                 .may_writepage = !!(zone_reclaim_mode & RECLAIM_WRITE),
1412                 .may_swap = !!(zone_reclaim_mode & RECLAIM_SWAP),
1413                 .nr_mapped = read_page_state(nr_mapped),
1414                 .swap_cluster_max = max_t(unsigned long, nr_pages,
1415                                         SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX),
1416                 .gfp_mask = gfp_mask,
1417         };
1418
1419         disable_swap_token();
1420         cond_resched();
1421         /*
1422          * We need to be able to allocate from the reserves for RECLAIM_SWAP
1423          * and we also need to be able to write out pages for RECLAIM_WRITE
1424          * and RECLAIM_SWAP.
1425          */
1426         p->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE;
1427         reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab = 0;
1428         p->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state;
1429
1430         /*
1431          * Free memory by calling shrink zone with increasing priorities
1432          * until we have enough memory freed.
1433          */
1434         priority = ZONE_RECLAIM_PRIORITY;
1435         do {
1436                 nr_reclaimed += shrink_zone(priority, zone, &sc);
1437                 priority--;
1438         } while (priority >= 0 && nr_reclaimed < nr_pages);
1439
1440         if (nr_reclaimed < nr_pages && (zone_reclaim_mode & RECLAIM_SLAB)) {
1441                 /*
1442                  * shrink_slab() does not currently allow us to determine how
1443                  * many pages were freed in this zone. So we just shake the slab
1444                  * a bit and then go off node for this particular allocation
1445                  * despite possibly having freed enough memory to allocate in
1446                  * this zone.  If we freed local memory then the next
1447                  * allocations will be local again.
1448                  *
1449                  * shrink_slab will free memory on all zones and may take
1450                  * a long time.
1451                  */
1452                 shrink_slab(sc.nr_scanned, gfp_mask, order);
1453         }
1454
1455         p->reclaim_state = NULL;
1456         current->flags &= ~(PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE);
1457
1458         if (nr_reclaimed == 0) {
1459                 /*
1460                  * We were unable to reclaim enough pages to stay on node.  We
1461                  * now allow off node accesses for a certain time period before
1462                  * trying again to reclaim pages from the local zone.
1463                  */
1464                 zone->last_unsuccessful_zone_reclaim = jiffies;
1465         }
1466
1467         return nr_reclaimed >= nr_pages;
1468 }
1469
1470 int zone_reclaim(struct zone *zone, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order)
1471 {
1472         cpumask_t mask;
1473         int node_id;
1474
1475         /*
1476          * Do not reclaim if there was a recent unsuccessful attempt at zone
1477          * reclaim.  In that case we let allocations go off node for the
1478          * zone_reclaim_interval.  Otherwise we would scan for each off-node
1479          * page allocation.
1480          */
1481         if (time_before(jiffies,
1482                 zone->last_unsuccessful_zone_reclaim + zone_reclaim_interval))
1483                         return 0;
1484
1485         /*
1486          * Avoid concurrent zone reclaims, do not reclaim in a zone that does
1487          * not have reclaimable pages and if we should not delay the allocation
1488          * then do not scan.
1489          */
1490         if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT) ||
1491                 zone->all_unreclaimable ||
1492                 atomic_read(&zone->reclaim_in_progress) > 0 ||
1493                 (current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC))
1494                         return 0;
1495
1496         /*
1497          * Only run zone reclaim on the local zone or on zones that do not
1498          * have associated processors. This will favor the local processor
1499          * over remote processors and spread off node memory allocations
1500          * as wide as possible.
1501          */
1502         node_id = zone->zone_pgdat->node_id;
1503         mask = node_to_cpumask(node_id);
1504         if (!cpus_empty(mask) && node_id != numa_node_id())
1505                 return 0;
1506         return __zone_reclaim(zone, gfp_mask, order);
1507 }
1508 #endif