2 * INET An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
3 * operating system. INET is implemented using the BSD Socket
4 * interface as the means of communication with the user level.
6 * Implementation of the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP).
8 * Version: $Id: tcp_timer.c,v 1.88 2002/02/01 22:01:04 davem Exp $
11 * Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
12 * Mark Evans, <evansmp@uhura.aston.ac.uk>
13 * Corey Minyard <wf-rch!minyard@relay.EU.net>
14 * Florian La Roche, <flla@stud.uni-sb.de>
15 * Charles Hedrick, <hedrick@klinzhai.rutgers.edu>
16 * Linus Torvalds, <torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
17 * Alan Cox, <gw4pts@gw4pts.ampr.org>
18 * Matthew Dillon, <dillon@apollo.west.oic.com>
19 * Arnt Gulbrandsen, <agulbra@nvg.unit.no>
20 * Jorge Cwik, <jorge@laser.satlink.net>
23 #include <linux/module.h>
26 int sysctl_tcp_syn_retries = TCP_SYN_RETRIES;
27 int sysctl_tcp_synack_retries = TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES;
28 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_time = TCP_KEEPALIVE_TIME;
29 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_probes = TCP_KEEPALIVE_PROBES;
30 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_intvl = TCP_KEEPALIVE_INTVL;
31 int sysctl_tcp_retries1 = TCP_RETR1;
32 int sysctl_tcp_retries2 = TCP_RETR2;
33 int sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries;
35 static void tcp_write_timer(unsigned long);
36 static void tcp_delack_timer(unsigned long);
37 static void tcp_keepalive_timer (unsigned long data);
40 const char tcp_timer_bug_msg[] = KERN_DEBUG "tcpbug: unknown timer value\n";
41 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_timer_bug_msg);
45 * Using different timers for retransmit, delayed acks and probes
46 * We may wish use just one timer maintaining a list of expire jiffies
50 void tcp_init_xmit_timers(struct sock *sk)
52 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
54 init_timer(&tp->retransmit_timer);
55 tp->retransmit_timer.function=&tcp_write_timer;
56 tp->retransmit_timer.data = (unsigned long) sk;
59 init_timer(&tp->delack_timer);
60 tp->delack_timer.function=&tcp_delack_timer;
61 tp->delack_timer.data = (unsigned long) sk;
64 init_timer(&sk->sk_timer);
65 sk->sk_timer.function = &tcp_keepalive_timer;
66 sk->sk_timer.data = (unsigned long)sk;
69 void tcp_clear_xmit_timers(struct sock *sk)
71 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
74 sk_stop_timer(sk, &tp->retransmit_timer);
78 sk_stop_timer(sk, &tp->delack_timer);
80 sk_stop_timer(sk, &sk->sk_timer);
83 static void tcp_write_err(struct sock *sk)
85 sk->sk_err = sk->sk_err_soft ? : ETIMEDOUT;
86 sk->sk_error_report(sk);
89 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPABORTONTIMEOUT);
92 /* Do not allow orphaned sockets to eat all our resources.
93 * This is direct violation of TCP specs, but it is required
94 * to prevent DoS attacks. It is called when a retransmission timeout
95 * or zero probe timeout occurs on orphaned socket.
97 * Criterium is still not confirmed experimentally and may change.
98 * We kill the socket, if:
99 * 1. If number of orphaned sockets exceeds an administratively configured
101 * 2. If we have strong memory pressure.
103 static int tcp_out_of_resources(struct sock *sk, int do_reset)
105 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
106 int orphans = atomic_read(&tcp_orphan_count);
108 /* If peer does not open window for long time, or did not transmit
109 * anything for long time, penalize it. */
110 if ((s32)(tcp_time_stamp - tp->lsndtime) > 2*TCP_RTO_MAX || !do_reset)
113 /* If some dubious ICMP arrived, penalize even more. */
117 if (orphans >= sysctl_tcp_max_orphans ||
118 (sk->sk_wmem_queued > SOCK_MIN_SNDBUF &&
119 atomic_read(&tcp_memory_allocated) > sysctl_tcp_mem[2])) {
121 printk(KERN_INFO "Out of socket memory\n");
123 /* Catch exceptional cases, when connection requires reset.
124 * 1. Last segment was sent recently. */
125 if ((s32)(tcp_time_stamp - tp->lsndtime) <= TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN ||
126 /* 2. Window is closed. */
127 (!tp->snd_wnd && !tp->packets_out))
130 tcp_send_active_reset(sk, GFP_ATOMIC);
132 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPABORTONMEMORY);
138 /* Calculate maximal number or retries on an orphaned socket. */
139 static int tcp_orphan_retries(struct sock *sk, int alive)
141 int retries = sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries; /* May be zero. */
143 /* We know from an ICMP that something is wrong. */
144 if (sk->sk_err_soft && !alive)
147 /* However, if socket sent something recently, select some safe
148 * number of retries. 8 corresponds to >100 seconds with minimal
150 if (retries == 0 && alive)
155 /* A write timeout has occurred. Process the after effects. */
156 static int tcp_write_timeout(struct sock *sk)
158 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
161 if ((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT | TCPF_SYN_RECV)) {
163 dst_negative_advice(&sk->sk_dst_cache);
164 retry_until = tp->syn_retries ? : sysctl_tcp_syn_retries;
166 if (tp->retransmits >= sysctl_tcp_retries1) {
167 /* NOTE. draft-ietf-tcpimpl-pmtud-01.txt requires pmtu black
170 It is place to make it. It is not made. I do not want
171 to make it. It is disguisting. It does not work in any
172 case. Let me to cite the same draft, which requires for
173 us to implement this:
175 "The one security concern raised by this memo is that ICMP black holes
176 are often caused by over-zealous security administrators who block
177 all ICMP messages. It is vitally important that those who design and
178 deploy security systems understand the impact of strict filtering on
179 upper-layer protocols. The safest web site in the world is worthless
180 if most TCP implementations cannot transfer data from it. It would
181 be far nicer to have all of the black holes fixed rather than fixing
182 all of the TCP implementations."
187 dst_negative_advice(&sk->sk_dst_cache);
190 retry_until = sysctl_tcp_retries2;
191 if (sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)) {
192 int alive = (tp->rto < TCP_RTO_MAX);
194 retry_until = tcp_orphan_retries(sk, alive);
196 if (tcp_out_of_resources(sk, alive || tp->retransmits < retry_until))
201 if (tp->retransmits >= retry_until) {
202 /* Has it gone just too far? */
209 static void tcp_delack_timer(unsigned long data)
211 struct sock *sk = (struct sock*)data;
212 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
215 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
216 /* Try again later. */
218 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_DELAYEDACKLOCKED);
219 sk_reset_timer(sk, &tp->delack_timer, jiffies + TCP_DELACK_MIN);
223 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
225 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE || !(tp->ack.pending & TCP_ACK_TIMER))
228 if (time_after(tp->ack.timeout, jiffies)) {
229 sk_reset_timer(sk, &tp->delack_timer, tp->ack.timeout);
232 tp->ack.pending &= ~TCP_ACK_TIMER;
234 if (!skb_queue_empty(&tp->ucopy.prequeue)) {
237 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPSCHEDULERFAILED);
239 while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(&tp->ucopy.prequeue)) != NULL)
240 sk->sk_backlog_rcv(sk, skb);
242 tp->ucopy.memory = 0;
245 if (tcp_ack_scheduled(tp)) {
246 if (!tp->ack.pingpong) {
247 /* Delayed ACK missed: inflate ATO. */
248 tp->ack.ato = min(tp->ack.ato << 1, tp->rto);
250 /* Delayed ACK missed: leave pingpong mode and
253 tp->ack.pingpong = 0;
254 tp->ack.ato = TCP_ATO_MIN;
257 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_DELAYEDACKS);
262 if (tcp_memory_pressure)
263 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
269 static void tcp_probe_timer(struct sock *sk)
271 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
274 if (tp->packets_out || !sk->sk_send_head) {
279 /* *WARNING* RFC 1122 forbids this
281 * It doesn't AFAIK, because we kill the retransmit timer -AK
283 * FIXME: We ought not to do it, Solaris 2.5 actually has fixing
284 * this behaviour in Solaris down as a bug fix. [AC]
286 * Let me to explain. probes_out is zeroed by incoming ACKs
287 * even if they advertise zero window. Hence, connection is killed only
288 * if we received no ACKs for normal connection timeout. It is not killed
289 * only because window stays zero for some time, window may be zero
290 * until armageddon and even later. We are in full accordance
291 * with RFCs, only probe timer combines both retransmission timeout
292 * and probe timeout in one bottle. --ANK
294 max_probes = sysctl_tcp_retries2;
296 if (sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)) {
297 int alive = ((tp->rto<<tp->backoff) < TCP_RTO_MAX);
299 max_probes = tcp_orphan_retries(sk, alive);
301 if (tcp_out_of_resources(sk, alive || tp->probes_out <= max_probes))
305 if (tp->probes_out > max_probes) {
308 /* Only send another probe if we didn't close things up. */
314 * The TCP retransmit timer.
317 static void tcp_retransmit_timer(struct sock *sk)
319 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
321 if (!tp->packets_out)
324 BUG_TRAP(!skb_queue_empty(&sk->sk_write_queue));
326 if (!tp->snd_wnd && !sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD) &&
327 !((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT | TCPF_SYN_RECV))) {
328 /* Receiver dastardly shrinks window. Our retransmits
329 * become zero probes, but we should not timeout this
330 * connection. If the socket is an orphan, time it out,
331 * we cannot allow such beasts to hang infinitely.
334 if (net_ratelimit()) {
335 struct inet_sock *inet = inet_sk(sk);
336 printk(KERN_DEBUG "TCP: Treason uncloaked! Peer %u.%u.%u.%u:%u/%u shrinks window %u:%u. Repaired.\n",
337 NIPQUAD(inet->daddr), htons(inet->dport),
338 inet->num, tp->snd_una, tp->snd_nxt);
341 if (tcp_time_stamp - tp->rcv_tstamp > TCP_RTO_MAX) {
345 tcp_enter_loss(sk, 0);
346 tcp_retransmit_skb(sk, skb_peek(&sk->sk_write_queue));
348 goto out_reset_timer;
351 if (tcp_write_timeout(sk))
354 if (tp->retransmits == 0) {
355 if (tp->ca_state == TCP_CA_Disorder || tp->ca_state == TCP_CA_Recovery) {
356 if (tp->rx_opt.sack_ok) {
357 if (tp->ca_state == TCP_CA_Recovery)
358 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPSACKRECOVERYFAIL);
360 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPSACKFAILURES);
362 if (tp->ca_state == TCP_CA_Recovery)
363 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPRENORECOVERYFAIL);
365 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPRENOFAILURES);
367 } else if (tp->ca_state == TCP_CA_Loss) {
368 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPLOSSFAILURES);
370 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPTIMEOUTS);
374 if (tcp_use_frto(sk)) {
377 tcp_enter_loss(sk, 0);
380 if (tcp_retransmit_skb(sk, skb_peek(&sk->sk_write_queue)) > 0) {
381 /* Retransmission failed because of local congestion,
384 if (!tp->retransmits)
386 tcp_reset_xmit_timer(sk, TCP_TIME_RETRANS,
387 min(tp->rto, TCP_RESOURCE_PROBE_INTERVAL));
391 /* Increase the timeout each time we retransmit. Note that
392 * we do not increase the rtt estimate. rto is initialized
393 * from rtt, but increases here. Jacobson (SIGCOMM 88) suggests
394 * that doubling rto each time is the least we can get away with.
395 * In KA9Q, Karn uses this for the first few times, and then
396 * goes to quadratic. netBSD doubles, but only goes up to *64,
397 * and clamps at 1 to 64 sec afterwards. Note that 120 sec is
398 * defined in the protocol as the maximum possible RTT. I guess
399 * we'll have to use something other than TCP to talk to the
400 * University of Mars.
402 * PAWS allows us longer timeouts and large windows, so once
403 * implemented ftp to mars will work nicely. We will have to fix
404 * the 120 second clamps though!
410 tp->rto = min(tp->rto << 1, TCP_RTO_MAX);
411 tcp_reset_xmit_timer(sk, TCP_TIME_RETRANS, tp->rto);
412 if (tp->retransmits > sysctl_tcp_retries1)
418 static void tcp_write_timer(unsigned long data)
420 struct sock *sk = (struct sock*)data;
421 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
425 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
426 /* Try again later */
427 sk_reset_timer(sk, &tp->retransmit_timer, jiffies + (HZ / 20));
431 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE || !tp->pending)
434 if (time_after(tp->timeout, jiffies)) {
435 sk_reset_timer(sk, &tp->retransmit_timer, tp->timeout);
443 case TCP_TIME_RETRANS:
444 tcp_retransmit_timer(sk);
446 case TCP_TIME_PROBE0:
453 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
460 * Timer for listening sockets
463 static void tcp_synack_timer(struct sock *sk)
465 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
466 struct listen_sock *lopt = tp->accept_queue.listen_opt;
467 int max_retries = tp->syn_retries ? : sysctl_tcp_synack_retries;
468 int thresh = max_retries;
469 unsigned long now = jiffies;
470 struct request_sock **reqp, *req;
473 if (lopt == NULL || lopt->qlen == 0)
476 /* Normally all the openreqs are young and become mature
477 * (i.e. converted to established socket) for first timeout.
478 * If synack was not acknowledged for 3 seconds, it means
479 * one of the following things: synack was lost, ack was lost,
480 * rtt is high or nobody planned to ack (i.e. synflood).
481 * When server is a bit loaded, queue is populated with old
482 * open requests, reducing effective size of queue.
483 * When server is well loaded, queue size reduces to zero
484 * after several minutes of work. It is not synflood,
485 * it is normal operation. The solution is pruning
486 * too old entries overriding normal timeout, when
487 * situation becomes dangerous.
489 * Essentially, we reserve half of room for young
490 * embrions; and abort old ones without pity, if old
491 * ones are about to clog our table.
493 if (lopt->qlen>>(lopt->max_qlen_log-1)) {
494 int young = (lopt->qlen_young<<1);
497 if (lopt->qlen < young)
504 if (tp->defer_accept)
505 max_retries = tp->defer_accept;
507 budget = 2*(TCP_SYNQ_HSIZE/(TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT/TCP_SYNQ_INTERVAL));
508 i = lopt->clock_hand;
511 reqp=&lopt->syn_table[i];
512 while ((req = *reqp) != NULL) {
513 if (time_after_eq(now, req->expires)) {
514 if ((req->retrans < thresh ||
515 (inet_rsk(req)->acked && req->retrans < max_retries))
516 && !req->rsk_ops->rtx_syn_ack(sk, req, NULL)) {
519 if (req->retrans++ == 0)
521 timeo = min((TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT << req->retrans),
523 req->expires = now + timeo;
524 reqp = &req->dl_next;
528 /* Drop this request */
529 tcp_synq_unlink(tp, req, reqp);
530 reqsk_queue_removed(&tp->accept_queue, req);
534 reqp = &req->dl_next;
537 i = (i+1)&(TCP_SYNQ_HSIZE-1);
539 } while (--budget > 0);
541 lopt->clock_hand = i;
544 tcp_reset_keepalive_timer(sk, TCP_SYNQ_INTERVAL);
547 void tcp_delete_keepalive_timer (struct sock *sk)
549 sk_stop_timer(sk, &sk->sk_timer);
552 void tcp_reset_keepalive_timer (struct sock *sk, unsigned long len)
554 sk_reset_timer(sk, &sk->sk_timer, jiffies + len);
557 void tcp_set_keepalive(struct sock *sk, int val)
559 if ((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_CLOSE | TCPF_LISTEN))
562 if (val && !sock_flag(sk, SOCK_KEEPOPEN))
563 tcp_reset_keepalive_timer(sk, keepalive_time_when(tcp_sk(sk)));
565 tcp_delete_keepalive_timer(sk);
569 static void tcp_keepalive_timer (unsigned long data)
571 struct sock *sk = (struct sock *) data;
572 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
575 /* Only process if socket is not in use. */
577 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
578 /* Try again later. */
579 tcp_reset_keepalive_timer (sk, HZ/20);
583 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_LISTEN) {
584 tcp_synack_timer(sk);
588 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_FIN_WAIT2 && sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)) {
589 if (tp->linger2 >= 0) {
590 int tmo = tcp_fin_time(tp) - TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN;
593 tcp_time_wait(sk, TCP_FIN_WAIT2, tmo);
597 tcp_send_active_reset(sk, GFP_ATOMIC);
601 if (!sock_flag(sk, SOCK_KEEPOPEN) || sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE)
604 elapsed = keepalive_time_when(tp);
606 /* It is alive without keepalive 8) */
607 if (tp->packets_out || sk->sk_send_head)
610 elapsed = tcp_time_stamp - tp->rcv_tstamp;
612 if (elapsed >= keepalive_time_when(tp)) {
613 if ((!tp->keepalive_probes && tp->probes_out >= sysctl_tcp_keepalive_probes) ||
614 (tp->keepalive_probes && tp->probes_out >= tp->keepalive_probes)) {
615 tcp_send_active_reset(sk, GFP_ATOMIC);
619 if (tcp_write_wakeup(sk) <= 0) {
621 elapsed = keepalive_intvl_when(tp);
623 /* If keepalive was lost due to local congestion,
626 elapsed = TCP_RESOURCE_PROBE_INTERVAL;
629 /* It is tp->rcv_tstamp + keepalive_time_when(tp) */
630 elapsed = keepalive_time_when(tp) - elapsed;
634 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
637 tcp_reset_keepalive_timer (sk, elapsed);
648 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_clear_xmit_timers);
649 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_delete_keepalive_timer);
650 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_init_xmit_timers);
651 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_reset_keepalive_timer);