2 * cpufreq driver for Enhanced SpeedStep, as found in Intel's Pentium
3 * M (part of the Centrino chipset).
5 * Despite the "SpeedStep" in the name, this is almost entirely unlike
6 * traditional SpeedStep.
8 * Modelled on speedstep.c
10 * Copyright (C) 2003 Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
12 * WARNING WARNING WARNING
14 * This driver manipulates the PERF_CTL MSR, which is only somewhat
15 * documented. While it seems to work on my laptop, it has not been
16 * tested anywhere else, and it may not work for you, do strange
17 * things or simply crash.
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
23 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
24 #include <linux/config.h>
25 #include <linux/sched.h> /* current */
26 #include <linux/delay.h>
27 #include <linux/compiler.h>
29 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
30 #include <linux/acpi.h>
31 #include <acpi/processor.h>
35 #include <asm/processor.h>
36 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
38 #include "speedstep-est-common.h"
40 #define PFX "speedstep-centrino: "
41 #define MAINTAINER "Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>"
43 #define dprintk(msg...) cpufreq_debug_printk(CPUFREQ_DEBUG_DRIVER, "speedstep-centrino", msg)
48 __u8 x86; /* CPU family */
49 __u8 x86_model; /* model */
50 __u8 x86_mask; /* stepping */
62 static const struct cpu_id cpu_ids[] = {
63 [CPU_BANIAS] = { 6, 9, 5 },
64 [CPU_DOTHAN_A1] = { 6, 13, 1 },
65 [CPU_DOTHAN_A2] = { 6, 13, 2 },
66 [CPU_DOTHAN_B0] = { 6, 13, 6 },
67 [CPU_MP4HT_D0] = {15, 3, 4 },
68 [CPU_MP4HT_E0] = {15, 4, 1 },
70 #define N_IDS ARRAY_SIZE(cpu_ids)
74 const struct cpu_id *cpu_id;
75 const char *model_name;
76 unsigned max_freq; /* max clock in kHz */
78 struct cpufreq_frequency_table *op_points; /* clock/voltage pairs */
80 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c, const struct cpu_id *x);
82 /* Operating points for current CPU */
83 static struct cpu_model *centrino_model[NR_CPUS];
84 static const struct cpu_id *centrino_cpu[NR_CPUS];
86 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver;
88 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE
90 /* Computes the correct form for IA32_PERF_CTL MSR for a particular
91 frequency/voltage operating point; frequency in MHz, volts in mV.
92 This is stored as "index" in the structure. */
95 .frequency = (mhz) * 1000, \
96 .index = (((mhz)/100) << 8) | ((mv - 700) / 16) \
100 * These voltage tables were derived from the Intel Pentium M
101 * datasheet, document 25261202.pdf, Table 5. I have verified they
102 * are consistent with my IBM ThinkPad X31, which has a 1.3GHz Pentium
106 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 900MHz (Banias) */
107 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_900[] =
112 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
115 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1000MHz (Banias) */
116 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1000[] =
122 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
125 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.10GHz (Banias) */
126 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1100[] =
133 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
137 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.20GHz (Banias) */
138 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1200[] =
146 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
149 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.30GHz (Banias) */
150 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1300[] =
157 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
160 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.40GHz (Banias) */
161 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1400[] =
168 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
171 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.50GHz (Banias) */
172 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1500[] =
180 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
183 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.60GHz (Banias) */
184 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1600[] =
192 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
195 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.70GHz (Banias) */
196 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1700[] =
204 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
208 #define _BANIAS(cpuid, max, name) \
210 .model_name = "Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor " name "MHz", \
211 .max_freq = (max)*1000, \
212 .op_points = banias_##max, \
214 #define BANIAS(max) _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], max, #max)
216 /* CPU models, their operating frequency range, and freq/voltage
218 static struct cpu_model models[] =
220 _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], 900, " 900"),
230 /* NULL model_name is a wildcard */
231 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A1], NULL, 0, NULL },
232 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A2], NULL, 0, NULL },
233 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_B0], NULL, 0, NULL },
234 { &cpu_ids[CPU_MP4HT_D0], NULL, 0, NULL },
235 { &cpu_ids[CPU_MP4HT_E0], NULL, 0, NULL },
242 static int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
244 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = &cpu_data[policy->cpu];
245 struct cpu_model *model;
247 for(model = models; model->cpu_id != NULL; model++)
248 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu, model->cpu_id) &&
249 (model->model_name == NULL ||
250 strcmp(cpu->x86_model_id, model->model_name) == 0))
253 if (model->cpu_id == NULL) {
254 /* No match at all */
255 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "no support for CPU model \"%s\": "
256 "send /proc/cpuinfo to " MAINTAINER "\n",
261 if (model->op_points == NULL) {
262 /* Matched a non-match */
263 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "no table support for CPU model \"%s\"\n",
265 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
266 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "try compiling with CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI enabled\n");
271 centrino_model[policy->cpu] = model;
273 dprintk("found \"%s\": max frequency: %dkHz\n",
274 model->model_name, model->max_freq);
280 static inline int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) { return -ENODEV; }
281 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE */
283 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c, const struct cpu_id *x)
285 if ((c->x86 == x->x86) &&
286 (c->x86_model == x->x86_model) &&
287 (c->x86_mask == x->x86_mask))
292 /* To be called only after centrino_model is initialized */
293 static unsigned extract_clock(unsigned msr, unsigned int cpu, int failsafe)
298 * Extract clock in kHz from PERF_CTL value
299 * for centrino, as some DSDTs are buggy.
300 * Ideally, this can be done using the acpi_data structure.
302 if ((centrino_cpu[cpu] == &cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS]) ||
303 (centrino_cpu[cpu] == &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A1]) ||
304 (centrino_cpu[cpu] == &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_B0])) {
305 msr = (msr >> 8) & 0xff;
309 if ((!centrino_model[cpu]) || (!centrino_model[cpu]->op_points))
313 for (i=0;centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END; i++) {
314 if (msr == centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index)
315 return centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency;
318 return centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i-1].frequency;
323 /* Return the current CPU frequency in kHz */
324 static unsigned int get_cur_freq(unsigned int cpu)
328 cpumask_t saved_mask;
330 saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed;
331 set_cpus_allowed(current, cpumask_of_cpu(cpu));
332 if (smp_processor_id() != cpu)
335 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_STATUS, l, h);
336 clock_freq = extract_clock(l, cpu, 0);
338 if (unlikely(clock_freq == 0)) {
340 * On some CPUs, we can see transient MSR values (which are
341 * not present in _PSS), while CPU is doing some automatic
342 * P-state transition (like TM2). Get the last freq set
345 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, l, h);
346 clock_freq = extract_clock(l, cpu, 1);
349 set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask);
354 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
356 static struct acpi_processor_performance p;
359 * centrino_cpu_init_acpi - register with ACPI P-States library
361 * Register with the ACPI P-States library (part of drivers/acpi/processor.c)
362 * in order to determine correct frequency and voltage pairings by reading
363 * the _PSS of the ACPI DSDT or SSDT tables.
365 static int centrino_cpu_init_acpi(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
367 union acpi_object arg0 = {ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER};
369 struct acpi_object_list arg_list = {1, &arg0};
370 unsigned long cur_freq;
372 unsigned int cpu = policy->cpu;
375 arg0.buffer.length = 12;
376 arg0.buffer.pointer = (u8 *) arg0_buf;
377 arg0_buf[0] = ACPI_PDC_REVISION_ID;
379 arg0_buf[2] = ACPI_PDC_EST_CAPABILITY_SMP_MSR;
383 /* register with ACPI core */
384 if (acpi_processor_register_performance(&p, cpu)) {
385 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "obtaining ACPI data failed\n");
389 /* verify the acpi_data */
390 if (p.state_count <= 1) {
391 dprintk("No P-States\n");
396 if ((p.control_register.space_id != ACPI_ADR_SPACE_FIXED_HARDWARE) ||
397 (p.status_register.space_id != ACPI_ADR_SPACE_FIXED_HARDWARE)) {
398 dprintk("Invalid control/status registers (%x - %x)\n",
399 p.control_register.space_id, p.status_register.space_id);
404 for (i=0; i<p.state_count; i++) {
405 if (p.states[i].control != p.states[i].status) {
406 dprintk("Different control (%llu) and status values (%llu)\n",
407 p.states[i].control, p.states[i].status);
412 if (!p.states[i].core_frequency) {
413 dprintk("Zero core frequency for state %u\n", i);
418 if (p.states[i].core_frequency > p.states[0].core_frequency) {
419 dprintk("P%u has larger frequency (%llu) than P0 (%llu), skipping\n", i,
420 p.states[i].core_frequency, p.states[0].core_frequency);
421 p.states[i].core_frequency = 0;
426 centrino_model[cpu] = kmalloc(sizeof(struct cpu_model), GFP_KERNEL);
427 if (!centrino_model[cpu]) {
431 memset(centrino_model[cpu], 0, sizeof(struct cpu_model));
433 centrino_model[cpu]->model_name=NULL;
434 centrino_model[cpu]->max_freq = p.states[0].core_frequency * 1000;
435 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points = kmalloc(sizeof(struct cpufreq_frequency_table) *
436 (p.state_count + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
437 if (!centrino_model[cpu]->op_points) {
442 for (i=0; i<p.state_count; i++) {
443 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index = p.states[i].control;
444 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency = p.states[i].core_frequency * 1000;
445 dprintk("adding state %i with frequency %u and control value %04x\n",
446 i, centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency, centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index);
448 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[p.state_count].frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END;
450 cur_freq = get_cur_freq(cpu);
452 for (i=0; i<p.state_count; i++) {
453 if (!p.states[i].core_frequency) {
454 dprintk("skipping state %u\n", i);
455 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency = CPUFREQ_ENTRY_INVALID;
459 if (extract_clock(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index, cpu, 0) !=
460 (centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency)) {
461 dprintk("Invalid encoded frequency (%u vs. %u)\n",
462 extract_clock(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index, cpu, 0),
463 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency);
468 if (cur_freq == centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency)
472 /* notify BIOS that we exist */
473 acpi_processor_notify_smm(THIS_MODULE);
478 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points);
480 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]);
482 acpi_processor_unregister_performance(&p, cpu);
483 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "invalid ACPI data\n");
487 static inline int centrino_cpu_init_acpi(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) { return -ENODEV; }
490 static int centrino_cpu_init(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
492 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = &cpu_data[policy->cpu];
498 /* Only Intel makes Enhanced Speedstep-capable CPUs */
499 if (cpu->x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_INTEL || !cpu_has(cpu, X86_FEATURE_EST))
502 if (is_const_loops_cpu(policy->cpu)) {
503 centrino_driver.flags |= CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS;
506 if (centrino_cpu_init_acpi(policy)) {
507 if (policy->cpu != 0)
510 for (i = 0; i < N_IDS; i++)
511 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu, &cpu_ids[i]))
515 centrino_cpu[policy->cpu] = &cpu_ids[i];
517 if (!centrino_cpu[policy->cpu]) {
518 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "found unsupported CPU with "
519 "Enhanced SpeedStep: send /proc/cpuinfo to "
524 if (centrino_cpu_init_table(policy)) {
529 /* Check to see if Enhanced SpeedStep is enabled, and try to
531 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
533 if (!(l & (1<<16))) {
535 dprintk("trying to enable Enhanced SpeedStep (%x)\n", l);
536 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
538 /* check to see if it stuck */
539 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
540 if (!(l & (1<<16))) {
541 printk(KERN_INFO PFX "couldn't enable Enhanced SpeedStep\n");
546 freq = get_cur_freq(policy->cpu);
548 policy->governor = CPUFREQ_DEFAULT_GOVERNOR;
549 policy->cpuinfo.transition_latency = 10000; /* 10uS transition latency */
552 dprintk("centrino_cpu_init: cur=%dkHz\n", policy->cur);
554 ret = cpufreq_frequency_table_cpuinfo(policy, centrino_model[policy->cpu]->op_points);
558 cpufreq_frequency_table_get_attr(centrino_model[policy->cpu]->op_points, policy->cpu);
563 static int centrino_cpu_exit(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
565 unsigned int cpu = policy->cpu;
567 if (!centrino_model[cpu])
570 cpufreq_frequency_table_put_attr(cpu);
572 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
573 if (!centrino_model[cpu]->model_name) {
574 dprintk("unregistering and freeing ACPI data\n");
575 acpi_processor_unregister_performance(&p, cpu);
576 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points);
577 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]);
581 centrino_model[cpu] = NULL;
587 * centrino_verify - verifies a new CPUFreq policy
588 * @policy: new policy
590 * Limit must be within this model's frequency range at least one
593 static int centrino_verify (struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
595 return cpufreq_frequency_table_verify(policy, centrino_model[policy->cpu]->op_points);
599 * centrino_setpolicy - set a new CPUFreq policy
600 * @policy: new policy
601 * @target_freq: the target frequency
602 * @relation: how that frequency relates to achieved frequency (CPUFREQ_RELATION_L or CPUFREQ_RELATION_H)
604 * Sets a new CPUFreq policy.
606 static int centrino_target (struct cpufreq_policy *policy,
607 unsigned int target_freq,
608 unsigned int relation)
610 unsigned int newstate = 0;
611 unsigned int msr, oldmsr, h, cpu = policy->cpu;
612 struct cpufreq_freqs freqs;
613 cpumask_t saved_mask;
616 if (centrino_model[cpu] == NULL)
620 * Support for SMP systems.
621 * Make sure we are running on the CPU that wants to change frequency
623 saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed;
624 set_cpus_allowed(current, policy->cpus);
625 if (!cpu_isset(smp_processor_id(), policy->cpus)) {
626 dprintk("couldn't limit to CPUs in this domain\n");
630 if (cpufreq_frequency_table_target(policy, centrino_model[cpu]->op_points, target_freq,
631 relation, &newstate)) {
636 msr = centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[newstate].index;
637 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, oldmsr, h);
639 if (msr == (oldmsr & 0xffff)) {
641 dprintk("no change needed - msr was and needs to be %x\n", oldmsr);
646 freqs.old = extract_clock(oldmsr, cpu, 0);
647 freqs.new = extract_clock(msr, cpu, 0);
649 dprintk("target=%dkHz old=%d new=%d msr=%04x\n",
650 target_freq, freqs.old, freqs.new, msr);
652 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_PRECHANGE);
654 /* all but 16 LSB are "reserved", so treat them with
660 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, oldmsr, h);
662 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE);
666 set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask);
670 static struct freq_attr* centrino_attr[] = {
671 &cpufreq_freq_attr_scaling_available_freqs,
675 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver = {
676 .name = "centrino", /* should be speedstep-centrino,
677 but there's a 16 char limit */
678 .init = centrino_cpu_init,
679 .exit = centrino_cpu_exit,
680 .verify = centrino_verify,
681 .target = centrino_target,
683 .attr = centrino_attr,
684 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
689 * centrino_init - initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep CPUFreq driver
691 * Initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep support. Returns -ENODEV on
692 * unsupported devices, -ENOENT if there's no voltage table for this
693 * particular CPU model, -EINVAL on problems during initiatization,
694 * and zero on success.
696 * This is quite picky. Not only does the CPU have to advertise the
697 * "est" flag in the cpuid capability flags, we look for a specific
698 * CPU model and stepping, and we need to have the exact model name in
699 * our voltage tables. That is, be paranoid about not releasing
700 * someone's valuable magic smoke.
702 static int __init centrino_init(void)
704 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = cpu_data;
706 if (!cpu_has(cpu, X86_FEATURE_EST))
709 return cpufreq_register_driver(¢rino_driver);
712 static void __exit centrino_exit(void)
714 cpufreq_unregister_driver(¢rino_driver);
717 MODULE_AUTHOR ("Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>");
718 MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("Enhanced SpeedStep driver for Intel Pentium M processors.");
719 MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
721 late_initcall(centrino_init);
722 module_exit(centrino_exit);