1 /* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 8; -*-
2 * vim: noexpandtab sw=8 ts=8 sts=0:
6 * Checksum and ECC codes for the OCFS2 userspace library.
8 * Copyright (C) 2006, 2008 Oracle. All rights reserved.
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
11 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
12 * License, version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
14 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
17 * General Public License for more details.
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/types.h>
22 #include <linux/crc32.h>
23 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
24 #include <linux/bitops.h>
25 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
27 #include <cluster/masklog.h>
31 #include "blockcheck.h"
35 * We use the following conventions:
39 * c = # total code bits (d + p)
44 * Calculate the bit offset in the hamming code buffer based on the bit's
45 * offset in the data buffer. Since the hamming code reserves all
46 * power-of-two bits for parity, the data bit number and the code bit
47 * number are offest by all the parity bits beforehand.
49 * Recall that bit numbers in hamming code are 1-based. This function
50 * takes the 0-based data bit from the caller.
52 * An example. Take bit 1 of the data buffer. 1 is a power of two (2^0),
53 * so it's a parity bit. 2 is a power of two (2^1), so it's a parity bit.
54 * 3 is not a power of two. So bit 1 of the data buffer ends up as bit 3
57 * The caller can pass in *p if it wants to keep track of the most recent
58 * number of parity bits added. This allows the function to start the
59 * calculation at the last place.
61 static unsigned int calc_code_bit(unsigned int i, unsigned int *p_cache)
63 unsigned int b, p = 0;
66 * Data bits are 0-based, but we're talking code bits, which
71 /* Use the cache if it is there */
77 * For every power of two below our bit number, bump our bit.
79 * We compare with (b + 1) because we have to compare with what b
80 * would be _if_ it were bumped up by the parity bit. Capice?
84 for (; (1 << p) < (b + 1); p++)
94 * This is the low level encoder function. It can be called across
95 * multiple hunks just like the crc32 code. 'd' is the number of bits
96 * _in_this_hunk_. nr is the bit offset of this hunk. So, if you had
97 * two 512B buffers, you would do it like so:
99 * parity = ocfs2_hamming_encode(0, buf1, 512 * 8, 0);
100 * parity = ocfs2_hamming_encode(parity, buf2, 512 * 8, 512 * 8);
102 * If you just have one buffer, use ocfs2_hamming_encode_block().
104 u32 ocfs2_hamming_encode(u32 parity, void *data, unsigned int d, unsigned int nr)
106 unsigned int i, b, p = 0;
111 * b is the hamming code bit number. Hamming code specifies a
112 * 1-based array, but C uses 0-based. So 'i' is for C, and 'b' is
115 * The i++ in the for loop is so that the start offset passed
116 * to ocfs2_find_next_bit_set() is one greater than the previously
119 for (i = 0; (i = ocfs2_find_next_bit(data, d, i)) < d; i++)
122 * i is the offset in this hunk, nr + i is the total bit
125 b = calc_code_bit(nr + i, &p);
128 * Data bits in the resultant code are checked by
129 * parity bits that are part of the bit number
130 * representation. Huh?
132 * <wikipedia href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_code">
133 * In other words, the parity bit at position 2^k
134 * checks bits in positions having bit k set in
135 * their binary representation. Conversely, for
136 * instance, bit 13, i.e. 1101(2), is checked by
137 * bits 1000(2) = 8, 0100(2)=4 and 0001(2) = 1.
140 * Note that 'k' is the _code_ bit number. 'b' in
146 /* While the data buffer was treated as little endian, the
147 * return value is in host endian. */
151 u32 ocfs2_hamming_encode_block(void *data, unsigned int blocksize)
153 return ocfs2_hamming_encode(0, data, blocksize * 8, 0);
157 * Like ocfs2_hamming_encode(), this can handle hunks. nr is the bit
158 * offset of the current hunk. If bit to be fixed is not part of the
159 * current hunk, this does nothing.
161 * If you only have one hunk, use ocfs2_hamming_fix_block().
163 void ocfs2_hamming_fix(void *data, unsigned int d, unsigned int nr,
171 * If the bit to fix has an hweight of 1, it's a parity bit. One
172 * busted parity bit is its own error. Nothing to do here.
174 if (hweight32(fix) == 1)
178 * nr + d is the bit right past the data hunk we're looking at.
179 * If fix after that, nothing to do
181 if (fix >= calc_code_bit(nr + d, NULL))
185 * nr is the offset in the data hunk we're starting at. Let's
186 * start b at the offset in the code buffer. See hamming_encode()
187 * for a more detailed description of 'b'.
189 b = calc_code_bit(nr, NULL);
190 /* If the fix is before this hunk, nothing to do */
194 for (i = 0; i < d; i++, b++)
196 /* Skip past parity bits */
197 while (hweight32(b) == 1)
201 * i is the offset in this data hunk.
202 * nr + i is the offset in the total data buffer.
203 * b is the offset in the total code buffer.
205 * Thus, when b == fix, bit i in the current hunk needs
210 if (ocfs2_test_bit(i, data))
211 ocfs2_clear_bit(i, data);
213 ocfs2_set_bit(i, data);
219 void ocfs2_hamming_fix_block(void *data, unsigned int blocksize,
222 ocfs2_hamming_fix(data, blocksize * 8, 0, fix);
226 * This function generates check information for a block.
227 * data is the block to be checked. bc is a pointer to the
228 * ocfs2_block_check structure describing the crc32 and the ecc.
230 * bc should be a pointer inside data, as the function will
231 * take care of zeroing it before calculating the check information. If
232 * bc does not point inside data, the caller must make sure any inline
233 * ocfs2_block_check structures are zeroed.
235 * The data buffer must be in on-disk endian (little endian for ocfs2).
236 * bc will be filled with little-endian values and will be ready to go to
239 void ocfs2_block_check_compute(void *data, size_t blocksize,
240 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
245 memset(bc, 0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_block_check));
247 crc = crc32_le(~0, data, blocksize);
248 ecc = ocfs2_hamming_encode_block(data, blocksize);
251 * No ecc'd ocfs2 structure is larger than 4K, so ecc will be no
252 * larger than 16 bits.
254 BUG_ON(ecc > USHORT_MAX);
256 bc->bc_crc32e = cpu_to_le32(crc);
257 bc->bc_ecc = cpu_to_le16((u16)ecc);
261 * This function validates existing check information. Like _compute,
262 * the function will take care of zeroing bc before calculating check codes.
263 * If bc is not a pointer inside data, the caller must have zeroed any
264 * inline ocfs2_block_check structures.
266 * Again, the data passed in should be the on-disk endian.
268 int ocfs2_block_check_validate(void *data, size_t blocksize,
269 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
272 struct ocfs2_block_check check;
275 check.bc_crc32e = le32_to_cpu(bc->bc_crc32e);
276 check.bc_ecc = le16_to_cpu(bc->bc_ecc);
278 memset(bc, 0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_block_check));
280 /* Fast path - if the crc32 validates, we're good to go */
281 crc = crc32_le(~0, data, blocksize);
282 if (crc == check.bc_crc32e)
286 "CRC32 failed: stored: %u, computed %u. Applying ECC.\n",
287 (unsigned int)check.bc_crc32e, (unsigned int)crc);
289 /* Ok, try ECC fixups */
290 ecc = ocfs2_hamming_encode_block(data, blocksize);
291 ocfs2_hamming_fix_block(data, blocksize, ecc ^ check.bc_ecc);
293 /* And check the crc32 again */
294 crc = crc32_le(~0, data, blocksize);
295 if (crc == check.bc_crc32e)
298 mlog(ML_ERROR, "Fixed CRC32 failed: stored: %u, computed %u\n",
299 (unsigned int)check.bc_crc32e, (unsigned int)crc);
304 bc->bc_crc32e = cpu_to_le32(check.bc_crc32e);
305 bc->bc_ecc = cpu_to_le16(check.bc_ecc);
311 * This function generates check information for a list of buffer_heads.
312 * bhs is the blocks to be checked. bc is a pointer to the
313 * ocfs2_block_check structure describing the crc32 and the ecc.
315 * bc should be a pointer inside data, as the function will
316 * take care of zeroing it before calculating the check information. If
317 * bc does not point inside data, the caller must make sure any inline
318 * ocfs2_block_check structures are zeroed.
320 * The data buffer must be in on-disk endian (little endian for ocfs2).
321 * bc will be filled with little-endian values and will be ready to go to
324 void ocfs2_block_check_compute_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr,
325 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
335 memset(bc, 0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_block_check));
337 for (i = 0, crc = ~0, ecc = 0; i < nr; i++) {
338 crc = crc32_le(crc, bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size);
340 * The number of bits in a buffer is obviously b_size*8.
341 * The offset of this buffer is b_size*i, so the bit offset
342 * of this buffer is b_size*8*i.
344 ecc = (u16)ocfs2_hamming_encode(ecc, bhs[i]->b_data,
346 bhs[i]->b_size * 8 * i);
350 * No ecc'd ocfs2 structure is larger than 4K, so ecc will be no
351 * larger than 16 bits.
353 BUG_ON(ecc > USHORT_MAX);
355 bc->bc_crc32e = cpu_to_le32(crc);
356 bc->bc_ecc = cpu_to_le16((u16)ecc);
360 * This function validates existing check information on a list of
361 * buffer_heads. Like _compute_bhs, the function will take care of
362 * zeroing bc before calculating check codes. If bc is not a pointer
363 * inside data, the caller must have zeroed any inline
364 * ocfs2_block_check structures.
366 * Again, the data passed in should be the on-disk endian.
368 int ocfs2_block_check_validate_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr,
369 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
372 struct ocfs2_block_check check;
380 check.bc_crc32e = le32_to_cpu(bc->bc_crc32e);
381 check.bc_ecc = le16_to_cpu(bc->bc_ecc);
383 memset(bc, 0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_block_check));
385 /* Fast path - if the crc32 validates, we're good to go */
386 for (i = 0, crc = ~0; i < nr; i++)
387 crc = crc32_le(crc, bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size);
388 if (crc == check.bc_crc32e)
392 "CRC32 failed: stored: %u, computed %u. Applying ECC.\n",
393 (unsigned int)check.bc_crc32e, (unsigned int)crc);
395 /* Ok, try ECC fixups */
396 for (i = 0, ecc = 0; i < nr; i++) {
398 * The number of bits in a buffer is obviously b_size*8.
399 * The offset of this buffer is b_size*i, so the bit offset
400 * of this buffer is b_size*8*i.
402 ecc = (u16)ocfs2_hamming_encode(ecc, bhs[i]->b_data,
404 bhs[i]->b_size * 8 * i);
406 fix = ecc ^ check.bc_ecc;
407 for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
409 * Try the fix against each buffer. It will only affect
412 ocfs2_hamming_fix(bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size * 8,
413 bhs[i]->b_size * 8 * i, fix);
416 /* And check the crc32 again */
417 for (i = 0, crc = ~0; i < nr; i++)
418 crc = crc32_le(crc, bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size);
419 if (crc == check.bc_crc32e)
422 mlog(ML_ERROR, "Fixed CRC32 failed: stored: %u, computed %u\n",
423 (unsigned int)check.bc_crc32e, (unsigned int)crc);
428 bc->bc_crc32e = cpu_to_le32(check.bc_crc32e);
429 bc->bc_ecc = cpu_to_le16(check.bc_ecc);
435 * These are the main API. They check the superblock flag before
436 * calling the underlying operations.
438 * They expect the buffer(s) to be in disk format.
440 void ocfs2_compute_meta_ecc(struct super_block *sb, void *data,
441 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
443 if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(OCFS2_SB(sb)))
444 ocfs2_block_check_compute(data, sb->s_blocksize, bc);
447 int ocfs2_validate_meta_ecc(struct super_block *sb, void *data,
448 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
452 if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(OCFS2_SB(sb)))
453 rc = ocfs2_block_check_validate(data, sb->s_blocksize, bc);
458 void ocfs2_compute_meta_ecc_bhs(struct super_block *sb,
459 struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr,
460 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
462 if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(OCFS2_SB(sb)))
463 ocfs2_block_check_compute_bhs(bhs, nr, bc);
466 int ocfs2_validate_meta_ecc_bhs(struct super_block *sb,
467 struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr,
468 struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
472 if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(OCFS2_SB(sb)))
473 rc = ocfs2_block_check_validate_bhs(bhs, nr, bc);