5 Ext3 was originally released in September 1999. Written by Stephen Tweedie
6 for the 2.2 branch, and ported to 2.4 kernels by Peter Braam, Andreas Dilger,
7 Andrew Morton, Alexander Viro, Ted Ts'o and Stephen Tweedie.
9 Ext3 is the ext2 filesystem enhanced with journalling capabilities.
14 When mounting an ext3 filesystem, the following option are accepted:
17 ro Mount filesystem read only. Note that ext3 will replay
18 the journal (and thus write to the partition) even when
19 mounted "read only". Mount options "ro,noload" can be
20 used to prevent writes to the filesystem.
22 journal=update Update the ext3 file system's journal to the current
25 journal=inum When a journal already exists, this option is ignored.
26 Otherwise, it specifies the number of the inode which
27 will represent the ext3 file system's journal file.
29 journal_dev=devnum When the external journal device's major/minor numbers
30 have changed, this option allows the user to specify
31 the new journal location. The journal device is
32 identified through its new major/minor numbers encoded
35 noload Don't load the journal on mounting. Note that this forces
36 mount of inconsistent filesystem, which can lead to
39 data=journal All data are committed into the journal prior to being
40 written into the main file system.
42 data=ordered (*) All data are forced directly out to the main file
43 system prior to its metadata being committed to the
46 data=writeback Data ordering is not preserved, data may be written
47 into the main file system after its metadata has been
48 committed to the journal.
50 commit=nrsec (*) Ext3 can be told to sync all its data and metadata
51 every 'nrsec' seconds. The default value is 5 seconds.
52 This means that if you lose your power, you will lose
53 as much as the latest 5 seconds of work (your
54 filesystem will not be damaged though, thanks to the
55 journaling). This default value (or any low value)
56 will hurt performance, but it's good for data-safety.
57 Setting it to 0 will have the same effect as leaving
58 it at the default (5 seconds).
59 Setting it to very large values will improve
62 barrier=1 This enables/disables barriers. barrier=0 disables
63 it, barrier=1 enables it.
65 orlov (*) This enables the new Orlov block allocator. It is
68 oldalloc This disables the Orlov block allocator and enables
69 the old block allocator. Orlov should have better
70 performance - we'd like to get some feedback if it's
73 user_xattr Enables Extended User Attributes. Additionally, you
74 need to have extended attribute support enabled in the
75 kernel configuration (CONFIG_EXT3_FS_XATTR). See the
76 attr(5) manual page and http://acl.bestbits.at/ to
77 learn more about extended attributes.
79 nouser_xattr Disables Extended User Attributes.
81 acl Enables POSIX Access Control Lists support.
82 Additionally, you need to have ACL support enabled in
83 the kernel configuration (CONFIG_EXT3_FS_POSIX_ACL).
84 See the acl(5) manual page and http://acl.bestbits.at/
87 noacl This option disables POSIX Access Control List
94 bsddf (*) Make 'df' act like BSD.
95 minixdf Make 'df' act like Minix.
97 check=none Don't do extra checking of bitmaps on mount.
100 debug Extra debugging information is sent to syslog.
102 errors=remount-ro Remount the filesystem read-only on an error.
103 errors=continue Keep going on a filesystem error.
104 errors=panic Panic and halt the machine if an error occurs.
105 (These mount options override the errors behavior
106 specified in the superblock, which can be
107 configured using tune2fs.)
109 data_err=ignore(*) Just print an error message if an error occurs
110 in a file data buffer in ordered mode.
111 data_err=abort Abort the journal if an error occurs in a file
112 data buffer in ordered mode.
114 grpid Give objects the same group ID as their creator.
117 nogrpid (*) New objects have the group ID of their creator.
120 resgid=n The group ID which may use the reserved blocks.
122 resuid=n The user ID which may use the reserved blocks.
124 sb=n Use alternate superblock at this location.
131 bh (*) ext3 associates buffer heads to data pages to
132 nobh (a) cache disk block mapping information
133 (b) link pages into transaction to provide
135 "bh" option forces use of buffer heads.
136 "nobh" option tries to avoid associating buffer
137 heads (supported only for "writeback" mode).
142 Ext3 shares all disk implementation with the ext2 filesystem, and adds
143 transactions capabilities to ext2. Journaling is done by the Journaling Block
146 Journaling Block Device layer
147 -----------------------------
148 The Journaling Block Device layer (JBD) isn't ext3 specific. It was designed
149 to add journaling capabilities to a block device. The ext3 filesystem code
150 will inform the JBD of modifications it is performing (called a transaction).
151 The journal supports the transactions start and stop, and in case of a crash,
152 the journal can replay the transactions to quickly put the partition back into
155 Handles represent a single atomic update to a filesystem. JBD can handle an
156 external journal on a block device.
160 There are 3 different data modes:
163 In data=writeback mode, ext3 does not journal data at all. This mode provides
164 a similar level of journaling as that of XFS, JFS, and ReiserFS in its default
165 mode - metadata journaling. A crash+recovery can cause incorrect data to
166 appear in files which were written shortly before the crash. This mode will
167 typically provide the best ext3 performance.
170 In data=ordered mode, ext3 only officially journals metadata, but it logically
171 groups metadata and data blocks into a single unit called a transaction. When
172 it's time to write the new metadata out to disk, the associated data blocks
173 are written first. In general, this mode performs slightly slower than
174 writeback but significantly faster than journal mode.
177 data=journal mode provides full data and metadata journaling. All new data is
178 written to the journal first, and then to its final location.
179 In the event of a crash, the journal can be replayed, bringing both data and
180 metadata into a consistent state. This mode is the slowest except when data
181 needs to be read from and written to disk at the same time where it
182 outperforms all other modes.
187 Ext2 partitions can be easily convert to ext3, with `tune2fs -j <dev>`.
188 Ext3 is fully compatible with Ext2. Ext3 partitions can easily be mounted as
194 See manual pages to learn more.
196 tune2fs: create a ext3 journal on a ext2 partition with the -j flag.
197 mke2fs: create a ext3 partition with the -j flag.
198 debugfs: ext2 and ext3 file system debugger.
199 ext2online: online (mounted) ext2 and ext3 filesystem resizer
205 kernel source: <file:fs/ext3/>
208 programs: http://e2fsprogs.sourceforge.net/
209 http://ext2resize.sourceforge.net
211 useful links: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-fs7.html
212 http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-fs8.html