2 * linux/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2002 Russell King
5 * Fragments that appear the same as linux/arch/i386/kernel/traps.c (C) Linus Torvalds
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * 'traps.c' handles hardware exceptions after we have saved some state in
12 * 'linux/arch/arm/lib/traps.S'. Mostly a debugging aid, but will probably
13 * kill the offending process.
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/signal.h>
17 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
18 #include <linux/personality.h>
19 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
20 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <asm/atomic.h>
25 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
26 #include <asm/system.h>
27 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
28 #include <asm/unistd.h>
29 #include <asm/traps.h>
35 static const char *handler[]= { "prefetch abort", "data abort", "address exception", "interrupt" };
37 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
38 unsigned int user_debug;
40 static int __init user_debug_setup(char *str)
42 get_option(&str, &user_debug);
45 __setup("user_debug=", user_debug_setup);
48 void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where, unsigned long from)
50 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
51 printk("[<%08lx>] ", where);
52 print_symbol("(%s) ", where);
53 printk("from [<%08lx>] ", from);
54 print_symbol("(%s)\n", from);
56 printk("Function entered at [<%08lx>] from [<%08lx>]\n", where, from);
61 * Stack pointers should always be within the kernels view of
62 * physical memory. If it is not there, then we can't dump
63 * out any information relating to the stack.
65 static int verify_stack(unsigned long sp)
67 if (sp < PAGE_OFFSET || (sp > (unsigned long)high_memory && high_memory != 0))
74 * Dump out the contents of some memory nicely...
76 static void dump_mem(const char *str, unsigned long bottom, unsigned long top)
78 unsigned long p = bottom & ~31;
83 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
84 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
85 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
90 printk("%s(0x%08lx to 0x%08lx)\n", str, bottom, top);
92 for (p = bottom & ~31; p < top;) {
93 printk("%04lx: ", p & 0xffff);
95 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++, p += 4) {
98 if (p < bottom || p >= top)
101 __get_user(val, (unsigned long *)p);
102 printk("%08x ", val);
111 static void dump_instr(struct pt_regs *regs)
113 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
114 const int thumb = thumb_mode(regs);
115 const int width = thumb ? 4 : 8;
120 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
121 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
122 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
128 for (i = -4; i < 1; i++) {
129 unsigned int val, bad;
132 bad = __get_user(val, &((u16 *)addr)[i]);
134 bad = __get_user(val, &((u32 *)addr)[i]);
137 printk(i == 0 ? "(%0*x) " : "%0*x ", width, val);
139 printk("bad PC value.");
148 static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
153 printk("Backtrace: ");
156 printk("no frame pointer");
158 } else if (verify_stack(fp)) {
159 printk("invalid frame pointer 0x%08x", fp);
161 } else if (fp < (unsigned long)end_of_stack(tsk))
162 printk("frame pointer underflow");
166 c_backtrace(fp, processor_mode(regs));
169 void dump_stack(void)
171 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ERRORS
176 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_stack);
178 void show_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long *sp)
186 fp = thread_saved_fp(tsk);
188 asm("mov %0, fp" : "=r" (fp) : : "cc");
190 c_backtrace(fp, 0x10);
194 static void __die(const char *str, int err, struct thread_info *thread, struct pt_regs *regs)
196 struct task_struct *tsk = thread->task;
197 static int die_counter;
199 printk("Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]\n", str, err, ++die_counter);
202 printk("Process %s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
203 tsk->comm, tsk->pid, thread + 1);
205 if (!user_mode(regs) || in_interrupt()) {
206 dump_mem("Stack: ", regs->ARM_sp,
207 THREAD_SIZE + (unsigned long)task_stack_page(tsk));
208 dump_backtrace(regs, tsk);
213 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(die_lock);
216 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
218 NORET_TYPE void die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, int err)
220 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
223 spin_lock_irq(&die_lock);
225 __die(str, err, thread, regs);
227 spin_unlock_irq(&die_lock);
230 panic("Fatal exception");
235 void notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, struct siginfo *info,
236 unsigned long err, unsigned long trap)
238 if (user_mode(regs)) {
239 current->thread.error_code = err;
240 current->thread.trap_no = trap;
242 force_sig_info(info->si_signo, info, current);
248 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook);
249 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(undef_lock);
251 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
255 spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
256 list_add(&hook->node, &undef_hook);
257 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
260 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
264 spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
265 list_del(&hook->node);
266 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
269 asmlinkage void do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs *regs)
271 unsigned int correction = thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4;
273 struct undef_hook *hook;
278 * According to the ARM ARM, PC is 2 or 4 bytes ahead,
279 * depending whether we're in Thumb mode or not.
280 * Correct this offset.
282 regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
284 pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
286 if (processor_mode(regs) == SVC_MODE) {
288 } else if (thumb_mode(regs)) {
289 get_user(instr, (u16 __user *)pc);
291 get_user(instr, (u32 __user *)pc);
294 spin_lock_irq(&undef_lock);
295 list_for_each_entry(hook, &undef_hook, node) {
296 if ((instr & hook->instr_mask) == hook->instr_val &&
297 (regs->ARM_cpsr & hook->cpsr_mask) == hook->cpsr_val) {
298 if (hook->fn(regs, instr) == 0) {
299 spin_unlock_irq(&undef_lock);
304 spin_unlock_irq(&undef_lock);
306 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
307 if (user_debug & UDBG_UNDEFINED) {
308 printk(KERN_INFO "%s (%d): undefined instruction: pc=%p\n",
309 current->comm, current->pid, pc);
314 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
316 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
319 notify_die("Oops - undefined instruction", regs, &info, 0, 6);
322 asmlinkage void do_unexp_fiq (struct pt_regs *regs)
324 #ifndef CONFIG_IGNORE_FIQ
325 printk("Hmm. Unexpected FIQ received, but trying to continue\n");
326 printk("You may have a hardware problem...\n");
331 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the vectors. If you see one of
332 * these, then it's extremely serious, and could mean you have buggy hardware.
333 * It never returns, and never tries to sync. We hope that we can at least
334 * dump out some state information...
336 asmlinkage void bad_mode(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason)
340 printk(KERN_CRIT "Bad mode in %s handler detected\n", handler[reason]);
342 die("Oops - bad mode", regs, 0);
347 static int bad_syscall(int n, struct pt_regs *regs)
349 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
352 if (current->personality != PER_LINUX &&
353 current->personality != PER_LINUX_32BIT &&
354 thread->exec_domain->handler) {
355 thread->exec_domain->handler(n, regs);
359 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
360 if (user_debug & UDBG_SYSCALL) {
361 printk(KERN_ERR "[%d] %s: obsolete system call %08x.\n",
362 current->pid, current->comm, n);
367 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
369 info.si_code = ILL_ILLTRP;
370 info.si_addr = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs) -
371 (thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4);
373 notify_die("Oops - bad syscall", regs, &info, n, 0);
379 do_cache_op(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int flags)
381 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
383 if (end < start || flags)
386 vma = find_vma(current->active_mm, start);
387 if (vma && vma->vm_start < end) {
388 if (start < vma->vm_start)
389 start = vma->vm_start;
390 if (end > vma->vm_end)
393 flush_cache_user_range(vma, start, end);
398 * Handle all unrecognised system calls.
399 * 0x9f0000 - 0x9fffff are some more esoteric system calls
401 #define NR(x) ((__ARM_NR_##x) - __ARM_NR_BASE)
402 asmlinkage int arm_syscall(int no, struct pt_regs *regs)
404 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
407 if ((no >> 16) != (__ARM_NR_BASE>> 16))
408 return bad_syscall(no, regs);
410 switch (no & 0xffff) {
411 case 0: /* branch through 0 */
412 info.si_signo = SIGSEGV;
414 info.si_code = SEGV_MAPERR;
417 notify_die("branch through zero", regs, &info, 0, 0);
420 case NR(breakpoint): /* SWI BREAK_POINT */
421 regs->ARM_pc -= thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4;
422 ptrace_break(current, regs);
426 * Flush a region from virtual address 'r0' to virtual address 'r1'
427 * _exclusive_. There is no alignment requirement on either address;
428 * user space does not need to know the hardware cache layout.
430 * r2 contains flags. It should ALWAYS be passed as ZERO until it
431 * is defined to be something else. For now we ignore it, but may
432 * the fires of hell burn in your belly if you break this rule. ;)
434 * (at a later date, we may want to allow this call to not flush
435 * various aspects of the cache. Passing '0' will guarantee that
436 * everything necessary gets flushed to maintain consistency in
437 * the specified region).
440 do_cache_op(regs->ARM_r0, regs->ARM_r1, regs->ARM_r2);
444 if (!(elf_hwcap & HWCAP_26BIT))
446 regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~MODE32_BIT;
450 if (!(elf_hwcap & HWCAP_26BIT))
452 regs->ARM_cpsr |= MODE32_BIT;
456 thread->tp_value = regs->ARM_r0;
457 #if defined(CONFIG_HAS_TLS_REG)
458 asm ("mcr p15, 0, %0, c13, c0, 3" : : "r" (regs->ARM_r0) );
459 #elif !defined(CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL)
461 * User space must never try to access this directly.
462 * Expect your app to break eventually if you do so.
463 * The user helper at 0xffff0fe0 must be used instead.
464 * (see entry-armv.S for details)
466 *((unsigned int *)0xffff0ff0) = regs->ARM_r0;
470 #ifdef CONFIG_NEEDS_SYSCALL_FOR_CMPXCHG
472 * Atomically store r1 in *r2 if *r2 is equal to r0 for user space.
473 * Return zero in r0 if *MEM was changed or non-zero if no exchange
474 * happened. Also set the user C flag accordingly.
475 * If access permissions have to be fixed up then non-zero is
476 * returned and the operation has to be re-attempted.
478 * *NOTE*: This is a ghost syscall private to the kernel. Only the
479 * __kuser_cmpxchg code in entry-armv.S should be aware of its
480 * existence. Don't ever use this from user code.
484 extern void do_DataAbort(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr,
485 struct pt_regs *regs);
487 unsigned long addr = regs->ARM_r2;
488 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
489 pgd_t *pgd; pmd_t *pmd; pte_t *pte;
492 regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~PSR_C_BIT;
493 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
494 pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
495 if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
497 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, addr);
498 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
500 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
501 if (!pte_present(*pte) || !pte_dirty(*pte)) {
502 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
505 val = *(unsigned long *)addr;
508 *(unsigned long *)addr = regs->ARM_r1;
509 regs->ARM_cpsr |= PSR_C_BIT;
511 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
512 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
516 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
517 /* simulate a write access fault */
518 do_DataAbort(addr, 15 + (1 << 11), regs);
524 /* Calls 9f00xx..9f07ff are defined to return -ENOSYS
525 if not implemented, rather than raising SIGILL. This
526 way the calling program can gracefully determine whether
527 a feature is supported. */
532 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
534 * experience shows that these seem to indicate that
535 * something catastrophic has happened
537 if (user_debug & UDBG_SYSCALL) {
538 printk("[%d] %s: arm syscall %d\n",
539 current->pid, current->comm, no);
541 if (user_mode(regs)) {
543 c_backtrace(regs->ARM_fp, processor_mode(regs));
547 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
549 info.si_code = ILL_ILLTRP;
550 info.si_addr = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs) -
551 (thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4);
553 notify_die("Oops - bad syscall(2)", regs, &info, no, 0);
557 #ifdef CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL
560 * We might be running on an ARMv6+ processor which should have the TLS
561 * register but for some reason we can't use it, or maybe an SMP system
562 * using a pre-ARMv6 processor (there are apparently a few prototypes like
563 * that in existence) and therefore access to that register must be
567 static int get_tp_trap(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int instr)
569 int reg = (instr >> 12) & 15;
572 regs->uregs[reg] = current_thread_info()->tp_value;
577 static struct undef_hook arm_mrc_hook = {
578 .instr_mask = 0x0fff0fff,
579 .instr_val = 0x0e1d0f70,
580 .cpsr_mask = PSR_T_BIT,
585 static int __init arm_mrc_hook_init(void)
587 register_undef_hook(&arm_mrc_hook);
591 late_initcall(arm_mrc_hook_init);
595 void __bad_xchg(volatile void *ptr, int size)
597 printk("xchg: bad data size: pc 0x%p, ptr 0x%p, size %d\n",
598 __builtin_return_address(0), ptr, size);
601 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bad_xchg);
604 * A data abort trap was taken, but we did not handle the instruction.
605 * Try to abort the user program, or panic if it was the kernel.
608 baddataabort(int code, unsigned long instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
610 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
613 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
614 if (user_debug & UDBG_BADABORT) {
615 printk(KERN_ERR "[%d] %s: bad data abort: code %d instr 0x%08lx\n",
616 current->pid, current->comm, code, instr);
618 show_pte(current->mm, addr);
622 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
624 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
625 info.si_addr = (void __user *)addr;
627 notify_die("unknown data abort code", regs, &info, instr, 0);
630 void __attribute__((noreturn)) __bug(const char *file, int line)
632 printk(KERN_CRIT"kernel BUG at %s:%d!\n", file, line);
635 /* Avoid "noreturn function does return" */
638 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bug);
640 void __readwrite_bug(const char *fn)
642 printk("%s called, but not implemented\n", fn);
645 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__readwrite_bug);
647 void __pte_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
649 printk("%s:%d: bad pte %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
652 void __pmd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
654 printk("%s:%d: bad pmd %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
657 void __pgd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
659 printk("%s:%d: bad pgd %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
662 asmlinkage void __div0(void)
664 printk("Division by zero in kernel.\n");
667 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__div0);
673 /* if that doesn't kill us, halt */
674 panic("Oops failed to kill thread");
676 EXPORT_SYMBOL(abort);
678 void __init trap_init(void)
680 unsigned long vectors = CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE;
681 extern char __stubs_start[], __stubs_end[];
682 extern char __vectors_start[], __vectors_end[];
683 extern char __kuser_helper_start[], __kuser_helper_end[];
684 int kuser_sz = __kuser_helper_end - __kuser_helper_start;
687 * Copy the vectors, stubs and kuser helpers (in entry-armv.S)
688 * into the vector page, mapped at 0xffff0000, and ensure these
689 * are visible to the instruction stream.
691 memcpy((void *)vectors, __vectors_start, __vectors_end - __vectors_start);
692 memcpy((void *)vectors + 0x200, __stubs_start, __stubs_end - __stubs_start);
693 memcpy((void *)vectors + 0x1000 - kuser_sz, __kuser_helper_start, kuser_sz);
696 * Copy signal return handlers into the vector page, and
697 * set sigreturn to be a pointer to these.
699 memcpy((void *)KERN_SIGRETURN_CODE, sigreturn_codes,
700 sizeof(sigreturn_codes));
702 flush_icache_range(vectors, vectors + PAGE_SIZE);
703 modify_domain(DOMAIN_USER, DOMAIN_CLIENT);