2 * Code for replacing ftrace calls with jumps.
4 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
6 * Thanks goes out to P.A. Semi, Inc for supplying me with a PPC64 box.
10 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
11 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
12 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
15 #include <linux/percpu.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/list.h>
19 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
20 #include <asm/code-patching.h>
21 #include <asm/ftrace.h>
26 #define DEBUGP(fmt , ...) do { } while (0)
29 static unsigned int ftrace_nop = PPC_NOP_INSTR;
32 # define GET_ADDR(addr) addr
34 /* PowerPC64's functions are data that points to the functions */
35 # define GET_ADDR(addr) (*(unsigned long *)addr)
39 static unsigned int ftrace_calc_offset(long ip, long addr)
41 return (int)(addr - ip);
44 static unsigned char *ftrace_nop_replace(void)
46 return (char *)&ftrace_nop;
49 static unsigned char *ftrace_call_replace(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr)
51 static unsigned int op;
54 * It would be nice to just use create_function_call, but that will
55 * update the code itself. Here we need to just return the
56 * instruction that is going to be modified, without modifying the
59 addr = GET_ADDR(addr);
61 /* Set to "bl addr" */
62 op = 0x48000001 | (ftrace_calc_offset(ip, addr) & 0x03fffffc);
65 * No locking needed, this must be called via kstop_machine
66 * which in essence is like running on a uniprocessor machine.
68 return (unsigned char *)&op;
72 # define _ASM_ALIGN " .align 3 "
73 # define _ASM_PTR " .llong "
75 # define _ASM_ALIGN " .align 2 "
76 # define _ASM_PTR " .long "
80 ftrace_modify_code(unsigned long ip, unsigned char *old_code,
81 unsigned char *new_code)
83 unsigned char replaced[MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE];
86 * Note: Due to modules and __init, code can
87 * disappear and change, we need to protect against faulting
88 * as well as code changing. We do this by using the
89 * probe_kernel_* functions.
91 * No real locking needed, this code is run through
92 * kstop_machine, or before SMP starts.
95 /* read the text we want to modify */
96 if (probe_kernel_read(replaced, (void *)ip, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
99 /* Make sure it is what we expect it to be */
100 if (memcmp(replaced, old_code, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE) != 0)
103 /* replace the text with the new text */
104 if (probe_kernel_write((void *)ip, new_code, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
107 flush_icache_range(ip, ip + 8);
113 * Helper functions that are the same for both PPC64 and PPC32.
115 static int test_24bit_addr(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr)
118 /* use the create_branch to verify that this offset can be branched */
119 return create_branch((unsigned int *)ip, addr, 0);
122 static int is_bl_op(unsigned int op)
124 return (op & 0xfc000003) == 0x48000001;
127 static unsigned long find_bl_target(unsigned long ip, unsigned int op)
131 offset = (op & 0x03fffffc);
133 if (offset & 0x02000000)
134 offset |= 0xfe000000;
136 return ip + (long)offset;
141 __ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod,
142 struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
147 unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
151 /* read where this goes */
152 if (probe_kernel_read(&op, (void *)ip, sizeof(int)))
155 /* Make sure that that this is still a 24bit jump */
157 printk(KERN_ERR "Not expected bl: opcode is %x\n", op);
161 /* lets find where the pointer goes */
162 tramp = find_bl_target(ip, op);
165 * On PPC64 the trampoline looks like:
166 * 0x3d, 0x82, 0x00, 0x00, addis r12,r2, <high>
167 * 0x39, 0x8c, 0x00, 0x00, addi r12,r12, <low>
168 * Where the bytes 2,3,6 and 7 make up the 32bit offset
169 * to the TOC that holds the pointer.
171 * 0xf8, 0x41, 0x00, 0x28, std r2,40(r1)
172 * 0xe9, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x20, ld r11,32(r12)
173 * The actually address is 32 bytes from the offset
175 * 0xe8, 0x4c, 0x00, 0x28, ld r2,40(r12)
178 DEBUGP("ip:%lx jumps to %lx r2: %lx", ip, tramp, mod->arch.toc);
180 /* Find where the trampoline jumps to */
181 if (probe_kernel_read(jmp, (void *)tramp, sizeof(jmp))) {
182 printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to read %lx\n", tramp);
186 DEBUGP(" %08x %08x", jmp[0], jmp[1]);
188 /* verify that this is what we expect it to be */
189 if (((jmp[0] & 0xffff0000) != 0x3d820000) ||
190 ((jmp[1] & 0xffff0000) != 0x398c0000) ||
191 (jmp[2] != 0xf8410028) ||
192 (jmp[3] != 0xe96c0020) ||
193 (jmp[4] != 0xe84c0028)) {
194 printk(KERN_ERR "Not a trampoline\n");
198 /* The bottom half is signed extended */
199 offset = ((unsigned)((unsigned short)jmp[0]) << 16) +
200 (int)((short)jmp[1]);
202 DEBUGP(" %x ", offset);
204 /* get the address this jumps too */
205 tramp = mod->arch.toc + offset + 32;
206 DEBUGP("toc: %lx", tramp);
208 if (probe_kernel_read(jmp, (void *)tramp, 8)) {
209 printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to read %lx\n", tramp);
213 DEBUGP(" %08x %08x\n", jmp[0], jmp[1]);
215 ptr = ((unsigned long)jmp[0] << 32) + jmp[1];
217 /* This should match what was called */
218 if (ptr != GET_ADDR(addr)) {
219 printk(KERN_ERR "addr does not match %lx\n", ptr);
224 * We want to nop the line, but the next line is
225 * 0xe8, 0x41, 0x00, 0x28 ld r2,40(r1)
226 * This needs to be turned to a nop too.
228 if (probe_kernel_read(&op, (void *)(ip+4), MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
231 if (op != 0xe8410028) {
232 printk(KERN_ERR "Next line is not ld! (%08x)\n", op);
237 * Milton Miller pointed out that we can not blindly do nops.
238 * If a task was preempted when calling a trace function,
239 * the nops will remove the way to restore the TOC in r2
240 * and the r2 TOC will get corrupted.
245 * bl <tramp> <==== will be replaced with "b 1f"
249 op = 0x48000008; /* b +8 */
251 if (probe_kernel_write((void *)ip, &op, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
255 flush_icache_range(ip, ip + 8);
262 __ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod,
263 struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
267 unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
270 if (probe_kernel_read(&op, (void *)ip, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
273 /* Make sure that that this is still a 24bit jump */
275 printk(KERN_ERR "Not expected bl: opcode is %x\n", op);
279 /* lets find where the pointer goes */
280 tramp = find_bl_target(ip, op);
283 * On PPC32 the trampoline looks like:
284 * 0x3d, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00 lis r11,sym@ha
285 * 0x39, 0x6b, 0x00, 0x00 addi r11,r11,sym@l
286 * 0x7d, 0x69, 0x03, 0xa6 mtctr r11
287 * 0x4e, 0x80, 0x04, 0x20 bctr
290 DEBUGP("ip:%lx jumps to %lx", ip, tramp);
292 /* Find where the trampoline jumps to */
293 if (probe_kernel_read(jmp, (void *)tramp, sizeof(jmp))) {
294 printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to read %lx\n", tramp);
298 DEBUGP(" %08x %08x ", jmp[0], jmp[1]);
300 /* verify that this is what we expect it to be */
301 if (((jmp[0] & 0xffff0000) != 0x3d600000) ||
302 ((jmp[1] & 0xffff0000) != 0x396b0000) ||
303 (jmp[2] != 0x7d6903a6) ||
304 (jmp[3] != 0x4e800420)) {
305 printk(KERN_ERR "Not a trampoline\n");
309 tramp = (jmp[1] & 0xffff) |
310 ((jmp[0] & 0xffff) << 16);
314 DEBUGP(" %x ", tramp);
318 "Trampoline location %08lx does not match addr\n",
325 if (probe_kernel_write((void *)ip, &op, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
328 flush_icache_range(ip, ip + 8);
334 int ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod,
335 struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
337 unsigned char *old, *new;
338 unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
341 * If the calling address is more that 24 bits away,
342 * then we had to use a trampoline to make the call.
343 * Otherwise just update the call site.
345 if (test_24bit_addr(ip, addr)) {
347 old = ftrace_call_replace(ip, addr);
348 new = ftrace_nop_replace();
349 return ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
353 * Out of range jumps are called from modules.
354 * We should either already have a pointer to the module
355 * or it has been passed in.
357 if (!rec->arch.mod) {
359 printk(KERN_ERR "No module loaded addr=%lx\n",
365 if (mod != rec->arch.mod) {
367 "Record mod %p not equal to passed in mod %p\n",
371 /* nothing to do if mod == rec->arch.mod */
375 return __ftrace_make_nop(mod, rec, addr);
381 __ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
384 unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
386 /* read where this goes */
387 if (probe_kernel_read(op, (void *)ip, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE * 2))
391 * It should be pointing to two nops or
394 if (((op[0] != 0x48000008) || (op[1] != 0xe8410028)) &&
395 ((op[0] != PPC_NOP_INSTR) || (op[1] != PPC_NOP_INSTR))) {
396 printk(KERN_ERR "Expected NOPs but have %x %x\n", op[0], op[1]);
400 /* If we never set up a trampoline to ftrace_caller, then bail */
401 if (!rec->arch.mod->arch.tramp) {
402 printk(KERN_ERR "No ftrace trampoline\n");
406 /* create the branch to the trampoline */
407 op[0] = create_branch((unsigned int *)ip,
408 rec->arch.mod->arch.tramp, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
410 printk(KERN_ERR "REL24 out of range!\n");
417 DEBUGP("write to %lx\n", rec->ip);
419 if (probe_kernel_write((void *)ip, op, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE * 2))
422 flush_icache_range(ip, ip + 8);
428 __ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
431 unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
433 /* read where this goes */
434 if (probe_kernel_read(&op, (void *)ip, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
437 /* It should be pointing to a nop */
438 if (op != PPC_NOP_INSTR) {
439 printk(KERN_ERR "Expected NOP but have %x\n", op);
443 /* If we never set up a trampoline to ftrace_caller, then bail */
444 if (!rec->arch.mod->arch.tramp) {
445 printk(KERN_ERR "No ftrace trampoline\n");
449 /* create the branch to the trampoline */
450 op = create_branch((unsigned int *)ip,
451 rec->arch.mod->arch.tramp, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
453 printk(KERN_ERR "REL24 out of range!\n");
457 DEBUGP("write to %lx\n", rec->ip);
459 if (probe_kernel_write((void *)ip, &op, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
462 flush_icache_range(ip, ip + 8);
466 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC64 */
468 int ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
470 unsigned char *old, *new;
471 unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
474 * If the calling address is more that 24 bits away,
475 * then we had to use a trampoline to make the call.
476 * Otherwise just update the call site.
478 if (test_24bit_addr(ip, addr)) {
480 old = ftrace_nop_replace();
481 new = ftrace_call_replace(ip, addr);
482 return ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
486 * Out of range jumps are called from modules.
487 * Being that we are converting from nop, it had better
488 * already have a module defined.
490 if (!rec->arch.mod) {
491 printk(KERN_ERR "No module loaded\n");
495 return __ftrace_make_call(rec, addr);
498 int ftrace_update_ftrace_func(ftrace_func_t func)
500 unsigned long ip = (unsigned long)(&ftrace_call);
501 unsigned char old[MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE], *new;
504 memcpy(old, &ftrace_call, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
505 new = ftrace_call_replace(ip, (unsigned long)func);
506 ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
511 int __init ftrace_dyn_arch_init(void *data)
513 /* caller expects data to be zero */
514 unsigned long *p = data;