2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
162 port - port # for AD1848 chip
163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
169 The power-management is supported.
174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
179 This module supports multiple cards.
184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
192 The power-management is supported.
197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
201 The power-management is supported.
206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
208 This module supports multiple cards.
210 The power-management is supported.
215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
222 The power-management is supported.
227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
233 instead of probing. If this works for you
234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
236 -1 -- Default behavior.
237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
240 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
247 The power-management is supported.
249 Module snd-atiixp-modem
250 -----------------------
252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
259 The power-management is supported.
261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
262 -----------------------------------------
264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
267 0 = Disable all workarounds
268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
271 3 = Force both settings
272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
290 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
292 This module supports multiple cards.
297 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
299 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
301 The power-management is supported.
306 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
308 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
310 This module supports multiple cards.
315 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
317 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
318 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
320 This module supports multiple cards.
322 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
328 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
330 This module supports multiple cards.
336 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
338 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
340 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
342 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
343 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
344 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
345 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
346 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
347 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
348 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
349 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
350 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
351 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
353 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
355 The power-management is supported.
360 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
362 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
363 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
364 0 = disable (default)
365 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
367 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
369 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
371 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
373 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
375 The power-management is supported.
380 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
382 port - port # for CS4231 chip
383 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
384 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
385 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
386 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
387 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
389 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
390 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
392 The power-management is supported.
397 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
399 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
401 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
403 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
404 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
405 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
406 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
407 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
408 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
409 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
410 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
412 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
413 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are
416 The power-management is supported.
421 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
422 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
424 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
426 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
428 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
429 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
430 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
431 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
432 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
433 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
434 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
435 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
437 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
438 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
439 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
441 The power-management is supported.
446 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
448 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
450 This module supports multiple cards.
452 The power-management is supported.
457 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
458 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
460 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
461 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
462 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
464 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
465 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
466 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
469 The power-management is supported.
474 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
476 Module snd-cs5535audio
477 ----------------------
479 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
481 The power-management is supported.
486 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
488 This module supports multiple cards.
489 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
494 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
496 This module supports multiple cards.
497 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
502 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
505 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
508 The power-management is supported.
513 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
514 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
515 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
517 The power-management is supported.
522 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
524 This module supports multiple cards.
525 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
530 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
531 * Sound Blaster Live!
532 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
533 * Emu APS (partially supported)
534 * Sound Blaster Audigy
536 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
537 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
538 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
539 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
540 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
541 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
542 enable_ir - enable IR
544 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
546 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
547 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
548 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
549 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
550 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
551 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
552 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
553 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
554 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
555 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
556 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
557 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
558 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
560 The power-management is supported.
565 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
567 This module supports multiple cards.
572 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
573 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
574 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
576 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
578 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
580 The power-management is supported.
585 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
586 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
587 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
588 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
590 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
591 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
593 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
595 The power-management is supported.
600 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
602 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
604 The power-management is supported.
609 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
611 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
612 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
613 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
614 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
615 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
616 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
618 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
623 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
625 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
627 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
629 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
630 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
631 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
632 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
633 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
634 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
636 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
637 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
638 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
640 The power-management is supported.
645 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
647 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
649 The power-management is supported.
654 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
656 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
657 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
658 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
659 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
660 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
662 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
663 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
665 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
667 The power-management is supported.
672 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
674 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
675 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
676 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
677 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
678 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
679 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
681 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
683 The power-management is supported.
688 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
690 This module supports multiple cards.
691 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
696 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
698 This module supports multiple cards.
699 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
701 Module snd-gusclassic
702 ---------------------
704 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
706 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
707 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
708 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
709 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
710 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
711 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
712 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
714 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
716 Module snd-gusextreme
717 ---------------------
719 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
721 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
722 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
723 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
724 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
725 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
726 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
727 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
728 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
729 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
730 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
731 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
733 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
738 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
740 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
741 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
742 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
743 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
744 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
745 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
746 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
748 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
753 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
755 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
756 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
760 [Multiple options for each card instance]
761 model - force the model name
762 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
763 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
764 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
765 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
766 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
767 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
768 value based on the controller chip.
770 [Single (global) options]
771 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
772 codecs (for debugging only)
773 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
774 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
776 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
779 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
781 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
784 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
785 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
786 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
787 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
788 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
789 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
791 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
792 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
793 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
795 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
796 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
797 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
798 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
800 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
801 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
803 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
804 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
805 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
806 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
807 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
808 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
811 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
812 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
813 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
814 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
815 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
816 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
817 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
818 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
819 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
820 avoided as much as possible...
822 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
823 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
824 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
825 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
826 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
827 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
828 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
829 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
830 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
831 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
833 The power-management is supported.
838 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
840 This module supports multiple cards.
842 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
843 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
844 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
846 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
848 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
849 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
850 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
851 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
852 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
858 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
860 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
861 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
862 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
864 See hdspm.txt for details.
869 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
871 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
876 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
877 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
878 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
879 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
880 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
881 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
882 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
883 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
889 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
890 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
891 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
892 * Event Electronics, EZ8
894 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
897 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
898 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
899 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
900 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
901 phase88, mediastation
902 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
903 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
904 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
906 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
907 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
910 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
911 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
912 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
913 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
919 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
920 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
921 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
922 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
924 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
925 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
926 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
929 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
930 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
931 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
932 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
933 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
934 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
936 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
945 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
946 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
948 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
949 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
950 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
951 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
952 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
953 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M
955 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
957 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
958 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
959 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
960 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
966 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
968 This module supports multiple cards.
969 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
974 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
976 This module supports multiple cards.
977 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
982 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
984 This module supports multiple cards.
985 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
990 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
991 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
992 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
994 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
996 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
999 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1000 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1001 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1002 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1003 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1005 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1006 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1008 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1009 from the controller chip
1010 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1012 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1014 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1015 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1016 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1018 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1019 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1020 modules, respectively.
1022 The power-management is supported.
1024 Module snd-intel8x0m
1025 --------------------
1027 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1028 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1030 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1031 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1035 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1037 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1039 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1042 The power-management is supported.
1044 Module snd-interwave
1045 --------------------
1047 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1048 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1050 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1051 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1052 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1053 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1055 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1057 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1059 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1060 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1061 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1062 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1064 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1066 Module snd-interwave-stb
1067 ------------------------
1069 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1070 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1071 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1073 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1074 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1075 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1076 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1078 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1080 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1082 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1083 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1084 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1085 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1086 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1088 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1093 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1095 This module supports multiple cards.
1100 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1102 This module supports multiple cards.
1103 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1108 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1110 This module supports multiple cards.
1111 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1116 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1118 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1119 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1120 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1123 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1125 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1126 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1127 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1128 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1131 The power-management is supported.
1136 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1138 This module supports multiple cards.
1139 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1144 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1146 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1148 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1149 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1150 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1151 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1152 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1153 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1154 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1155 wss - enable WSS mode
1156 ide - enable onboard ide support
1161 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1163 This module supports multiple cards.
1164 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1165 See MIXART.txt for details.
1167 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1168 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1169 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1170 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1171 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1176 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1178 This module supports multiple cards.
1179 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1184 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1186 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1187 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1188 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1190 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1195 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1198 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1199 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1200 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1202 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1207 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1209 This module supports multiple devices.
1210 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1215 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1217 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1218 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1219 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1220 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1221 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1222 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1223 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1224 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1227 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1229 The power-management is supported.
1231 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1232 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1233 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1234 the buffer_top option.
1236 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1237 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1238 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1239 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1240 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1243 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1244 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1245 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1246 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1247 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1248 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1249 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1251 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1252 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1253 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1254 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1256 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1257 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1258 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1259 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1261 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1262 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1263 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1264 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1265 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1266 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1272 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1274 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1276 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1278 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1279 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1280 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1281 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1282 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1283 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1284 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1285 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1287 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1288 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1290 The power-management is supported.
1292 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1293 -------------------------
1295 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1296 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1298 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1300 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1302 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1303 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1304 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1305 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1306 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1307 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1309 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1311 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1312 -------------------------
1314 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1316 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1318 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1320 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1321 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1322 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1323 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1324 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1325 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1326 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1328 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1333 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1335 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1337 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1339 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1340 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1341 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1342 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1343 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1344 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1345 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1347 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1352 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1354 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1356 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1357 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1358 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1359 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1362 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1367 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1369 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1371 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1372 even a few mixer controls.
1377 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1379 This module supports multiple cards.
1381 Module snd-portman2x4
1382 ---------------------
1384 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1386 This module supports multiple cards.
1388 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1389 ---------------------------------
1391 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1393 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1395 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1397 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1399 The power-management is supported.
1401 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1402 ------------------------------------
1404 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1406 For ARM architecture only.
1408 The power-management is supported.
1413 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1415 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1416 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1417 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1419 This module supports multiple cards.
1420 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1421 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1422 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1427 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1428 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1430 This module supports multiple cards.
1435 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1437 This module supports multiple cards.
1442 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1444 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1447 This module supports multiple cards.
1449 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1450 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1451 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1452 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1453 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1456 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1457 ---------------------------------------
1459 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1461 Module supports only one card.
1462 Module has no enable and index options.
1464 The power-management is supported.
1469 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1473 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1474 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1475 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1477 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1479 The power-management is supported.
1481 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1482 -----------------------------
1484 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1485 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1486 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1488 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1489 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1490 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1492 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1494 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1495 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1496 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1497 (snd-sbawe module only)
1498 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1499 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1500 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1502 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1504 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1505 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1506 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1507 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1510 The power-management is supported.
1515 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1517 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1518 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1519 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1520 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1523 This module supports multiple cards.
1525 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1530 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1532 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1533 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1534 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1537 This module supports multiple cards.
1539 The power-management is supported.
1544 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1546 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1547 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1548 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1549 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1550 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1551 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1553 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1554 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1557 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1558 --------------------------------------
1560 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1562 This module supports multiple cards.
1564 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1565 -------------------------------------
1567 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1569 This module supports multiple cards.
1571 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1572 -----------------------------------
1574 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1576 This module supports multiple cards.
1578 Module snd-wavefront
1579 --------------------
1581 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1583 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1584 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1585 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1587 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1589 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1590 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1591 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1592 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1593 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1594 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1595 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1596 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1597 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1599 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1600 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1601 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1602 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1603 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1604 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1605 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1606 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1607 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1608 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1609 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1611 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1612 based on my limited experimentation.
1613 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1614 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1615 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1616 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1618 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1619 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1620 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1622 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1624 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1625 (default:wavefront.os)
1626 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1627 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1628 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1630 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1632 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1634 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1637 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1639 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1640 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1641 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1642 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1643 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1645 Module snd-sonicvibes
1646 ---------------------
1648 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1649 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1651 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1652 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1653 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1655 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1657 Module snd-serial-u16550
1658 ------------------------
1660 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1662 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1663 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1664 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1666 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1668 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1670 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1671 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1672 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1674 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1675 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1680 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1681 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1683 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1686 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1687 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1688 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1689 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1690 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1692 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1693 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1695 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1697 The power-management is supported.
1699 Module snd-usb-audio
1700 --------------------
1702 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1704 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1705 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1706 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1707 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1708 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1709 - Influence depends on the device
1711 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1712 interface (default: no)
1714 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1716 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1717 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1719 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1720 debugging purpose (if any).
1721 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1722 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1723 buggy USB device or the controller.
1725 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1726 --------------------
1728 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1729 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1730 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1731 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1732 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1734 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1736 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1737 --------------------
1739 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1741 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1743 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1744 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1749 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1750 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1752 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1754 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1755 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1756 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1757 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1758 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1759 rate and different sample rates on different
1761 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1762 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1763 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1765 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1767 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1768 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1769 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1770 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1771 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1773 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1774 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1775 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1776 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1778 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1779 except for the known devices since the output is often
1780 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1782 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1783 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1784 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1786 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1787 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1788 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1789 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1790 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1791 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1792 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1793 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1794 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1797 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1798 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1800 The power-management is supported.
1802 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1803 ------------------------
1805 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1807 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1809 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1811 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1814 The power-management is supported.
1819 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1820 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1821 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1823 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1825 This module supports multiple cards.
1830 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1831 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X and HDAV1.3 (Deluxe).
1833 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1838 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1840 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1841 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1843 This module supports multiple cards.
1845 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1846 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1847 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1848 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1849 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1850 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1852 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1854 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1855 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1856 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1857 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1858 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1859 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1860 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1862 The power-management is supported.
1867 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1869 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1871 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1872 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1874 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
1875 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
1876 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
1877 longer require a config file.
1879 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1880 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1881 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1882 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1883 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1885 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1887 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
1890 The power-management is supported.
1895 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1897 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1898 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1899 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1900 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1901 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1903 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1905 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1907 The power-management is supported.
1909 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1910 --------------------
1912 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
1914 The power-management is supported.
1920 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
1921 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
1922 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
1923 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
1924 specifications from version to version :-)
1926 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
1927 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
1928 the proper value with this option.
1930 The following strings are accepted:
1931 - default Don't override the default setting
1932 - none Disable the quirk
1933 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
1934 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
1935 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
1936 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
1937 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
1938 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
1939 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
1941 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
1942 ... are accepted, too.
1944 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
1945 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
1948 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1949 ============================
1951 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1952 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1953 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1954 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1955 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1957 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1958 will be not built in.
1961 Module Autoloading Support
1962 ==========================
1964 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1965 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1966 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
1968 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
1969 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
1970 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
1971 as the same card module.
1973 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
1974 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1975 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
1976 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
1977 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1979 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
1980 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
1981 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
1982 sound cards in that option.
1984 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
1985 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
1986 cards is kept consistent.
1988 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
1990 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1992 options snd cards_limit=2
1993 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
1994 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
1995 options snd-interwave index=0
1996 options snd-ens1371 index=1
1998 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
1999 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2000 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2002 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2003 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2005 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2006 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2009 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2011 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2012 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2013 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2014 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2016 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2017 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2018 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2019 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2020 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2022 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2023 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2024 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2027 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2028 =======================================
2030 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2031 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2032 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2033 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2034 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2035 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2036 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2037 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2038 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2040 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2041 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2042 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2043 playback, respectively.
2045 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2046 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2049 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2050 ==============================
2052 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2053 -------------------------------
2054 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2055 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2057 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2058 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2059 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2060 <options> - optional parameters
2061 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2062 this channel but does not want to use it.
2063 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2064 It's good for Quake etc...
2065 - direct don't use plugins
2066 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2067 - non-block force non-block mode
2068 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2070 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2071 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2072 instead of filled blocks
2074 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2075 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2076 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2079 Early Buffer Allocation
2080 =======================
2082 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2083 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2084 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2085 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2086 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2087 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2089 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2090 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2091 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2093 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2095 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2096 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2097 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2098 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2099 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2100 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2101 than 0. The max number is 4.
2105 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2112 ALSA project homepage
2113 http://www.alsa-project.org
2116 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2119 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2122 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
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