4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * super.c contains code to handle: - mount structures
8 * - filesystem drivers list
10 * - umount system call
13 * GK 2/5/95 - Changed to support mounting the root fs via NFS
15 * Added kerneld support: Jacques Gelinas and Bjorn Ekwall
16 * Added change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
17 * Added options to /proc/mounts:
18 * Torbjörn Lindh (torbjorn.lindh@gopta.se), April 14, 1996.
19 * Added devfs support: Richard Gooch <rgooch@atnf.csiro.au>, 13-JAN-1998
20 * Heavily rewritten for 'one fs - one tree' dcache architecture. AV, Mar 2000
23 #include <linux/config.h>
24 #include <linux/module.h>
25 #include <linux/slab.h>
26 #include <linux/init.h>
27 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
28 #include <linux/acct.h>
29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
30 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
31 #include <linux/namei.h>
32 #include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* for fsync_super() */
33 #include <linux/mount.h>
34 #include <linux/security.h>
35 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
36 #include <linux/vfs.h>
37 #include <linux/writeback.h> /* for the emergency remount stuff */
38 #include <linux/idr.h>
39 #include <linux/kobject.h>
40 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
43 void get_filesystem(struct file_system_type *fs);
44 void put_filesystem(struct file_system_type *fs);
45 struct file_system_type *get_fs_type(const char *name);
47 LIST_HEAD(super_blocks);
48 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(sb_lock);
51 * alloc_super - create new superblock
53 * Allocates and initializes a new &struct super_block. alloc_super()
54 * returns a pointer new superblock or %NULL if allocation had failed.
56 static struct super_block *alloc_super(void)
58 struct super_block *s = kmalloc(sizeof(struct super_block), GFP_USER);
59 static struct super_operations default_op;
62 memset(s, 0, sizeof(struct super_block));
63 if (security_sb_alloc(s)) {
68 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_dirty);
69 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_io);
70 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_files);
71 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_instances);
72 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&s->s_anon);
73 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_inodes);
74 init_rwsem(&s->s_umount);
75 mutex_init(&s->s_lock);
76 down_write(&s->s_umount);
78 atomic_set(&s->s_active, 1);
79 mutex_init(&s->s_vfs_rename_mutex);
80 mutex_init(&s->s_dquot.dqio_mutex);
81 mutex_init(&s->s_dquot.dqonoff_mutex);
82 init_rwsem(&s->s_dquot.dqptr_sem);
83 init_waitqueue_head(&s->s_wait_unfrozen);
84 s->s_maxbytes = MAX_NON_LFS;
85 s->dq_op = sb_dquot_ops;
86 s->s_qcop = sb_quotactl_ops;
87 s->s_op = &default_op;
88 s->s_time_gran = 1000000000;
95 * destroy_super - frees a superblock
96 * @s: superblock to free
100 static inline void destroy_super(struct super_block *s)
106 /* Superblock refcounting */
109 * Drop a superblock's refcount. Returns non-zero if the superblock was
110 * destroyed. The caller must hold sb_lock.
112 int __put_super(struct super_block *sb)
116 if (!--sb->s_count) {
124 * Drop a superblock's refcount.
125 * Returns non-zero if the superblock is about to be destroyed and
126 * at least is already removed from super_blocks list, so if we are
127 * making a loop through super blocks then we need to restart.
128 * The caller must hold sb_lock.
130 int __put_super_and_need_restart(struct super_block *sb)
132 /* check for race with generic_shutdown_super() */
133 if (list_empty(&sb->s_list)) {
134 /* super block is removed, need to restart... */
138 /* can't be the last, since s_list is still in use */
140 BUG_ON(sb->s_count == 0);
145 * put_super - drop a temporary reference to superblock
146 * @sb: superblock in question
148 * Drops a temporary reference, frees superblock if there's no
151 static void put_super(struct super_block *sb)
155 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
160 * deactivate_super - drop an active reference to superblock
161 * @s: superblock to deactivate
163 * Drops an active reference to superblock, acquiring a temprory one if
164 * there is no active references left. In that case we lock superblock,
165 * tell fs driver to shut it down and drop the temporary reference we
168 void deactivate_super(struct super_block *s)
170 struct file_system_type *fs = s->s_type;
171 if (atomic_dec_and_lock(&s->s_active, &sb_lock)) {
172 s->s_count -= S_BIAS-1;
173 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
175 down_write(&s->s_umount);
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(deactivate_super);
185 * grab_super - acquire an active reference
186 * @s: reference we are trying to make active
188 * Tries to acquire an active reference. grab_super() is used when we
189 * had just found a superblock in super_blocks or fs_type->fs_supers
190 * and want to turn it into a full-blown active reference. grab_super()
191 * is called with sb_lock held and drops it. Returns 1 in case of
192 * success, 0 if we had failed (superblock contents was already dead or
193 * dying when grab_super() had been called).
195 static int grab_super(struct super_block *s)
198 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
199 down_write(&s->s_umount);
202 if (s->s_count > S_BIAS) {
203 atomic_inc(&s->s_active);
205 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
208 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
210 up_write(&s->s_umount);
217 * generic_shutdown_super - common helper for ->kill_sb()
218 * @sb: superblock to kill
220 * generic_shutdown_super() does all fs-independent work on superblock
221 * shutdown. Typical ->kill_sb() should pick all fs-specific objects
222 * that need destruction out of superblock, call generic_shutdown_super()
223 * and release aforementioned objects. Note: dentries and inodes _are_
224 * taken care of and do not need specific handling.
226 void generic_shutdown_super(struct super_block *sb)
228 struct dentry *root = sb->s_root;
229 struct super_operations *sop = sb->s_op;
233 shrink_dcache_parent(root);
234 shrink_dcache_anon(&sb->s_anon);
238 sb->s_flags &= ~MS_ACTIVE;
239 /* bad name - it should be evict_inodes() */
240 invalidate_inodes(sb);
243 if (sop->write_super && sb->s_dirt)
244 sop->write_super(sb);
248 /* Forget any remaining inodes */
249 if (invalidate_inodes(sb)) {
250 printk("VFS: Busy inodes after unmount of %s. "
251 "Self-destruct in 5 seconds. Have a nice day...\n",
259 /* should be initialized for __put_super_and_need_restart() */
260 list_del_init(&sb->s_list);
261 list_del(&sb->s_instances);
262 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
263 up_write(&sb->s_umount);
266 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_shutdown_super);
269 * sget - find or create a superblock
270 * @type: filesystem type superblock should belong to
271 * @test: comparison callback
272 * @set: setup callback
273 * @data: argument to each of them
275 struct super_block *sget(struct file_system_type *type,
276 int (*test)(struct super_block *,void *),
277 int (*set)(struct super_block *,void *),
280 struct super_block *s = NULL;
286 if (test) list_for_each(p, &type->fs_supers) {
287 struct super_block *old;
288 old = list_entry(p, struct super_block, s_instances);
289 if (!test(old, data))
291 if (!grab_super(old))
298 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
301 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
307 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
312 strlcpy(s->s_id, type->name, sizeof(s->s_id));
313 list_add_tail(&s->s_list, &super_blocks);
314 list_add(&s->s_instances, &type->fs_supers);
315 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
316 get_filesystem(type);
322 void drop_super(struct super_block *sb)
324 up_read(&sb->s_umount);
328 EXPORT_SYMBOL(drop_super);
330 static inline void write_super(struct super_block *sb)
333 if (sb->s_root && sb->s_dirt)
334 if (sb->s_op->write_super)
335 sb->s_op->write_super(sb);
340 * Note: check the dirty flag before waiting, so we don't
341 * hold up the sync while mounting a device. (The newly
342 * mounted device won't need syncing.)
344 void sync_supers(void)
346 struct super_block *sb;
350 list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
353 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
354 down_read(&sb->s_umount);
356 up_read(&sb->s_umount);
358 if (__put_super_and_need_restart(sb))
362 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
366 * Call the ->sync_fs super_op against all filesytems which are r/w and
367 * which implement it.
369 * This operation is careful to avoid the livelock which could easily happen
370 * if two or more filesystems are being continuously dirtied. s_need_sync_fs
371 * is used only here. We set it against all filesystems and then clear it as
372 * we sync them. So redirtied filesystems are skipped.
374 * But if process A is currently running sync_filesytems and then process B
375 * calls sync_filesystems as well, process B will set all the s_need_sync_fs
376 * flags again, which will cause process A to resync everything. Fix that with
379 * (Fabian) Avoid sync_fs with clean fs & wait mode 0
381 void sync_filesystems(int wait)
383 struct super_block *sb;
384 static DECLARE_MUTEX(mutex);
386 down(&mutex); /* Could be down_interruptible */
388 list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
389 if (!sb->s_op->sync_fs)
391 if (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
393 sb->s_need_sync_fs = 1;
397 list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
398 if (!sb->s_need_sync_fs)
400 sb->s_need_sync_fs = 0;
401 if (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
402 continue; /* hm. Was remounted r/o meanwhile */
404 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
405 down_read(&sb->s_umount);
406 if (sb->s_root && (wait || sb->s_dirt))
407 sb->s_op->sync_fs(sb, wait);
408 up_read(&sb->s_umount);
409 /* restart only when sb is no longer on the list */
411 if (__put_super_and_need_restart(sb))
414 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
419 * get_super - get the superblock of a device
420 * @bdev: device to get the superblock for
422 * Scans the superblock list and finds the superblock of the file system
423 * mounted on the device given. %NULL is returned if no match is found.
426 struct super_block * get_super(struct block_device *bdev)
428 struct super_block *sb;
435 list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
436 if (sb->s_bdev == bdev) {
438 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
439 down_read(&sb->s_umount);
442 up_read(&sb->s_umount);
443 /* restart only when sb is no longer on the list */
445 if (__put_super_and_need_restart(sb))
449 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
453 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_super);
455 struct super_block * user_get_super(dev_t dev)
457 struct super_block *sb;
461 list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
462 if (sb->s_dev == dev) {
464 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
465 down_read(&sb->s_umount);
468 up_read(&sb->s_umount);
469 /* restart only when sb is no longer on the list */
471 if (__put_super_and_need_restart(sb))
475 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
479 asmlinkage long sys_ustat(unsigned dev, struct ustat __user * ubuf)
481 struct super_block *s;
486 s = user_get_super(new_decode_dev(dev));
489 err = vfs_statfs(s, &sbuf);
494 memset(&tmp,0,sizeof(struct ustat));
495 tmp.f_tfree = sbuf.f_bfree;
496 tmp.f_tinode = sbuf.f_ffree;
498 err = copy_to_user(ubuf,&tmp,sizeof(struct ustat)) ? -EFAULT : 0;
505 * @sb: superblock in question
507 * All files are marked read/only. We don't care about pending
508 * delete files so this should be used in 'force' mode only
511 static void mark_files_ro(struct super_block *sb)
516 list_for_each_entry(f, &sb->s_files, f_u.fu_list) {
517 if (S_ISREG(f->f_dentry->d_inode->i_mode) && file_count(f))
518 f->f_mode &= ~FMODE_WRITE;
524 * do_remount_sb - asks filesystem to change mount options.
525 * @sb: superblock in question
526 * @flags: numeric part of options
527 * @data: the rest of options
528 * @force: whether or not to force the change
530 * Alters the mount options of a mounted file system.
532 int do_remount_sb(struct super_block *sb, int flags, void *data, int force)
536 if (!(flags & MS_RDONLY) && bdev_read_only(sb->s_bdev))
538 if (flags & MS_RDONLY)
540 shrink_dcache_sb(sb);
543 /* If we are remounting RDONLY and current sb is read/write,
544 make sure there are no rw files opened */
545 if ((flags & MS_RDONLY) && !(sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
548 else if (!fs_may_remount_ro(sb))
552 if (sb->s_op->remount_fs) {
554 retval = sb->s_op->remount_fs(sb, &flags, data);
559 sb->s_flags = (sb->s_flags & ~MS_RMT_MASK) | (flags & MS_RMT_MASK);
563 static void do_emergency_remount(unsigned long foo)
565 struct super_block *sb;
568 list_for_each_entry(sb, &super_blocks, s_list) {
570 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
571 down_read(&sb->s_umount);
572 if (sb->s_root && sb->s_bdev && !(sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
574 * ->remount_fs needs lock_kernel().
576 * What lock protects sb->s_flags??
579 do_remount_sb(sb, MS_RDONLY, NULL, 1);
585 spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
586 printk("Emergency Remount complete\n");
589 void emergency_remount(void)
591 pdflush_operation(do_emergency_remount, 0);
595 * Unnamed block devices are dummy devices used by virtual
596 * filesystems which don't use real block-devices. -- jrs
599 static struct idr unnamed_dev_idr;
600 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(unnamed_dev_lock);/* protects the above */
602 int set_anon_super(struct super_block *s, void *data)
608 if (idr_pre_get(&unnamed_dev_idr, GFP_ATOMIC) == 0)
610 spin_lock(&unnamed_dev_lock);
611 error = idr_get_new(&unnamed_dev_idr, NULL, &dev);
612 spin_unlock(&unnamed_dev_lock);
613 if (error == -EAGAIN)
614 /* We raced and lost with another CPU. */
619 if ((dev & MAX_ID_MASK) == (1 << MINORBITS)) {
620 spin_lock(&unnamed_dev_lock);
621 idr_remove(&unnamed_dev_idr, dev);
622 spin_unlock(&unnamed_dev_lock);
625 s->s_dev = MKDEV(0, dev & MINORMASK);
629 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_anon_super);
631 void kill_anon_super(struct super_block *sb)
633 int slot = MINOR(sb->s_dev);
635 generic_shutdown_super(sb);
636 spin_lock(&unnamed_dev_lock);
637 idr_remove(&unnamed_dev_idr, slot);
638 spin_unlock(&unnamed_dev_lock);
641 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kill_anon_super);
643 void __init unnamed_dev_init(void)
645 idr_init(&unnamed_dev_idr);
648 void kill_litter_super(struct super_block *sb)
651 d_genocide(sb->s_root);
655 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kill_litter_super);
657 static int set_bdev_super(struct super_block *s, void *data)
660 s->s_dev = s->s_bdev->bd_dev;
664 static int test_bdev_super(struct super_block *s, void *data)
666 return (void *)s->s_bdev == data;
669 static void bdev_uevent(struct block_device *bdev, enum kobject_action action)
673 kobject_uevent(&bdev->bd_part->kobj, action);
675 kobject_uevent(&bdev->bd_disk->kobj, action);
679 struct super_block *get_sb_bdev(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
680 int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data,
681 int (*fill_super)(struct super_block *, void *, int))
683 struct block_device *bdev;
684 struct super_block *s;
687 bdev = open_bdev_excl(dev_name, flags, fs_type);
689 return (struct super_block *)bdev;
692 * once the super is inserted into the list by sget, s_umount
693 * will protect the lockfs code from trying to start a snapshot
694 * while we are mounting
696 mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mount_mutex);
697 s = sget(fs_type, test_bdev_super, set_bdev_super, bdev);
698 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mount_mutex);
703 if ((flags ^ s->s_flags) & MS_RDONLY) {
704 up_write(&s->s_umount);
710 char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
713 strlcpy(s->s_id, bdevname(bdev, b), sizeof(s->s_id));
714 sb_set_blocksize(s, block_size(bdev));
715 error = fill_super(s, data, flags & MS_VERBOSE ? 1 : 0);
717 up_write(&s->s_umount);
721 s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
722 bdev_uevent(bdev, KOBJ_MOUNT);
729 close_bdev_excl(bdev);
733 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_sb_bdev);
735 void kill_block_super(struct super_block *sb)
737 struct block_device *bdev = sb->s_bdev;
739 bdev_uevent(bdev, KOBJ_UMOUNT);
740 generic_shutdown_super(sb);
742 close_bdev_excl(bdev);
745 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kill_block_super);
747 struct super_block *get_sb_nodev(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
748 int flags, void *data,
749 int (*fill_super)(struct super_block *, void *, int))
752 struct super_block *s = sget(fs_type, NULL, set_anon_super, NULL);
759 error = fill_super(s, data, flags & MS_VERBOSE ? 1 : 0);
761 up_write(&s->s_umount);
763 return ERR_PTR(error);
765 s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
769 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_sb_nodev);
771 static int compare_single(struct super_block *s, void *p)
776 struct super_block *get_sb_single(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
777 int flags, void *data,
778 int (*fill_super)(struct super_block *, void *, int))
780 struct super_block *s;
783 s = sget(fs_type, compare_single, set_anon_super, NULL);
788 error = fill_super(s, data, flags & MS_VERBOSE ? 1 : 0);
790 up_write(&s->s_umount);
792 return ERR_PTR(error);
794 s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
796 do_remount_sb(s, flags, data, 0);
800 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_sb_single);
803 do_kern_mount(const char *fstype, int flags, const char *name, void *data)
805 struct file_system_type *type = get_fs_type(fstype);
806 struct super_block *sb = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
807 struct vfsmount *mnt;
809 char *secdata = NULL;
812 return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
814 mnt = alloc_vfsmnt(name);
819 secdata = alloc_secdata();
821 sb = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
825 error = security_sb_copy_data(type, data, secdata);
828 goto out_free_secdata;
832 sb = type->get_sb(type, flags, name, data);
834 goto out_free_secdata;
835 error = security_sb_kern_mount(sb, secdata);
839 mnt->mnt_root = dget(sb->s_root);
840 mnt->mnt_mountpoint = sb->s_root;
841 mnt->mnt_parent = mnt;
842 up_write(&sb->s_umount);
843 free_secdata(secdata);
844 put_filesystem(type);
847 up_write(&sb->s_umount);
848 deactivate_super(sb);
851 free_secdata(secdata);
855 put_filesystem(type);
856 return (struct vfsmount *)sb;
859 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(do_kern_mount);
861 struct vfsmount *kern_mount(struct file_system_type *type)
863 return do_kern_mount(type->name, 0, type->name, NULL);
866 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kern_mount);