2 * Generic VM initialization for x86-64 NUMA setups.
3 * Copyright 2002,2003 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
5 #include <linux/kernel.h>
7 #include <linux/string.h>
8 #include <linux/init.h>
9 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
10 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
11 #include <linux/ctype.h>
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
14 #include <linux/sched.h>
17 #include <asm/proto.h>
23 struct pglist_data *node_data[MAX_NUMNODES] __read_mostly;
24 EXPORT_SYMBOL(node_data);
26 struct memnode memnode;
28 s16 apicid_to_node[MAX_LOCAL_APIC] __cpuinitdata = {
29 [0 ... MAX_LOCAL_APIC-1] = NUMA_NO_NODE
32 int numa_off __initdata;
33 static unsigned long __initdata nodemap_addr;
34 static unsigned long __initdata nodemap_size;
37 * Given a shift value, try to populate memnodemap[]
40 * 0 if memnodmap[] too small (of shift too small)
41 * -1 if node overlap or lost ram (shift too big)
43 static int __init populate_memnodemap(const struct bootnode *nodes,
44 int numnodes, int shift, int *nodeids)
46 unsigned long addr, end;
49 memset(memnodemap, 0xff, sizeof(s16)*memnodemapsize);
50 for (i = 0; i < numnodes; i++) {
51 addr = nodes[i].start;
55 if ((end >> shift) >= memnodemapsize)
58 if (memnodemap[addr >> shift] != NUMA_NO_NODE)
62 memnodemap[addr >> shift] = i;
64 memnodemap[addr >> shift] = nodeids[i];
66 addr += (1UL << shift);
73 static int __init allocate_cachealigned_memnodemap(void)
77 memnodemap = memnode.embedded_map;
78 if (memnodemapsize <= ARRAY_SIZE(memnode.embedded_map))
82 nodemap_size = roundup(sizeof(s16) * memnodemapsize, L1_CACHE_BYTES);
83 nodemap_addr = find_e820_area(addr, max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT,
84 nodemap_size, L1_CACHE_BYTES);
85 if (nodemap_addr == -1UL) {
87 "NUMA: Unable to allocate Memory to Node hash map\n");
88 nodemap_addr = nodemap_size = 0;
91 memnodemap = phys_to_virt(nodemap_addr);
92 reserve_early(nodemap_addr, nodemap_addr + nodemap_size, "MEMNODEMAP");
94 printk(KERN_DEBUG "NUMA: Allocated memnodemap from %lx - %lx\n",
95 nodemap_addr, nodemap_addr + nodemap_size);
100 * The LSB of all start and end addresses in the node map is the value of the
101 * maximum possible shift.
103 static int __init extract_lsb_from_nodes(const struct bootnode *nodes,
106 int i, nodes_used = 0;
107 unsigned long start, end;
108 unsigned long bitfield = 0, memtop = 0;
110 for (i = 0; i < numnodes; i++) {
111 start = nodes[i].start;
123 i = find_first_bit(&bitfield, sizeof(unsigned long)*8);
124 memnodemapsize = (memtop >> i)+1;
128 int __init compute_hash_shift(struct bootnode *nodes, int numnodes,
133 shift = extract_lsb_from_nodes(nodes, numnodes);
134 if (allocate_cachealigned_memnodemap())
136 printk(KERN_DEBUG "NUMA: Using %d for the hash shift.\n",
139 if (populate_memnodemap(nodes, numnodes, shift, nodeids) != 1) {
140 printk(KERN_INFO "Your memory is not aligned you need to "
141 "rebuild your kernel with a bigger NODEMAPSIZE "
142 "shift=%d\n", shift);
148 int __meminit __early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn)
150 return phys_to_nid(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
153 static void * __init early_node_mem(int nodeid, unsigned long start,
154 unsigned long end, unsigned long size,
157 unsigned long mem = find_e820_area(start, end, size, align);
163 ptr = __alloc_bootmem_nopanic(size, align, __pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS));
165 printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot find %lu bytes in node %d\n",
172 /* Initialize bootmem allocator for a node */
173 void __init setup_node_bootmem(int nodeid, unsigned long start,
176 unsigned long start_pfn, last_pfn, bootmap_pages, bootmap_size;
177 unsigned long bootmap_start, nodedata_phys;
179 const int pgdat_size = roundup(sizeof(pg_data_t), PAGE_SIZE);
182 start = roundup(start, ZONE_ALIGN);
184 printk(KERN_INFO "Bootmem setup node %d %016lx-%016lx\n", nodeid,
187 start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
188 last_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
190 node_data[nodeid] = early_node_mem(nodeid, start, end, pgdat_size,
192 if (node_data[nodeid] == NULL)
194 nodedata_phys = __pa(node_data[nodeid]);
195 printk(KERN_INFO " NODE_DATA [%016lx - %016lx]\n", nodedata_phys,
196 nodedata_phys + pgdat_size - 1);
198 memset(NODE_DATA(nodeid), 0, sizeof(pg_data_t));
199 NODE_DATA(nodeid)->bdata = &bootmem_node_data[nodeid];
200 NODE_DATA(nodeid)->node_start_pfn = start_pfn;
201 NODE_DATA(nodeid)->node_spanned_pages = last_pfn - start_pfn;
204 * Find a place for the bootmem map
205 * nodedata_phys could be on other nodes by alloc_bootmem,
206 * so need to sure bootmap_start not to be small, otherwise
207 * early_node_mem will get that with find_e820_area instead
208 * of alloc_bootmem, that could clash with reserved range
210 bootmap_pages = bootmem_bootmap_pages(last_pfn - start_pfn);
211 nid = phys_to_nid(nodedata_phys);
213 bootmap_start = roundup(nodedata_phys + pgdat_size, PAGE_SIZE);
215 bootmap_start = roundup(start, PAGE_SIZE);
217 * SMP_CACHE_BYTES could be enough, but init_bootmem_node like
218 * to use that to align to PAGE_SIZE
220 bootmap = early_node_mem(nodeid, bootmap_start, end,
221 bootmap_pages<<PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_SIZE);
222 if (bootmap == NULL) {
223 if (nodedata_phys < start || nodedata_phys >= end)
224 free_bootmem(nodedata_phys, pgdat_size);
225 node_data[nodeid] = NULL;
228 bootmap_start = __pa(bootmap);
230 bootmap_size = init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid),
231 bootmap_start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
232 start_pfn, last_pfn);
234 printk(KERN_INFO " bootmap [%016lx - %016lx] pages %lx\n",
235 bootmap_start, bootmap_start + bootmap_size - 1,
238 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(nodeid, end);
241 * convert early reserve to bootmem reserve earlier
242 * otherwise early_node_mem could use early reserved mem
245 early_res_to_bootmem(start, end);
248 * in some case early_node_mem could use alloc_bootmem
249 * to get range on other node, don't reserve that again
252 printk(KERN_INFO " NODE_DATA(%d) on node %d\n", nodeid, nid);
254 reserve_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid), nodedata_phys,
255 pgdat_size, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
256 nid = phys_to_nid(bootmap_start);
258 printk(KERN_INFO " bootmap(%d) on node %d\n", nodeid, nid);
260 reserve_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid), bootmap_start,
261 bootmap_pages<<PAGE_SHIFT, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
263 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
264 srat_reserve_add_area(nodeid);
266 node_set_online(nodeid);
270 * There are unfortunately some poorly designed mainboards around that
271 * only connect memory to a single CPU. This breaks the 1:1 cpu->node
272 * mapping. To avoid this fill in the mapping for all possible CPUs,
273 * as the number of CPUs is not known yet. We round robin the existing
276 void __init numa_init_array(void)
280 rr = first_node(node_online_map);
281 for (i = 0; i < nr_cpu_ids; i++) {
282 if (early_cpu_to_node(i) != NUMA_NO_NODE)
284 numa_set_node(i, rr);
285 rr = next_node(rr, node_online_map);
286 if (rr == MAX_NUMNODES)
287 rr = first_node(node_online_map);
291 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_EMU
293 static char *cmdline __initdata;
296 * Setups up nid to range from addr to addr + size. If the end
297 * boundary is greater than max_addr, then max_addr is used instead.
298 * The return value is 0 if there is additional memory left for
299 * allocation past addr and -1 otherwise. addr is adjusted to be at
300 * the end of the node.
302 static int __init setup_node_range(int nid, struct bootnode *nodes, u64 *addr,
303 u64 size, u64 max_addr)
307 nodes[nid].start = *addr;
309 if (*addr >= max_addr) {
313 nodes[nid].end = *addr;
314 node_set(nid, node_possible_map);
315 printk(KERN_INFO "Faking node %d at %016Lx-%016Lx (%LuMB)\n", nid,
316 nodes[nid].start, nodes[nid].end,
317 (nodes[nid].end - nodes[nid].start) >> 20);
322 * Splits num_nodes nodes up equally starting at node_start. The return value
323 * is the number of nodes split up and addr is adjusted to be at the end of the
324 * last node allocated.
326 static int __init split_nodes_equally(struct bootnode *nodes, u64 *addr,
327 u64 max_addr, int node_start,
336 if (num_nodes > MAX_NUMNODES)
337 num_nodes = MAX_NUMNODES;
338 size = (max_addr - *addr - e820_hole_size(*addr, max_addr)) /
341 * Calculate the number of big nodes that can be allocated as a result
342 * of consolidating the leftovers.
344 big = ((size & ~FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK) * num_nodes) /
347 /* Round down to nearest FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE. */
348 size &= FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK;
350 printk(KERN_ERR "Not enough memory for each node. "
351 "NUMA emulation disabled.\n");
355 for (i = node_start; i < num_nodes + node_start; i++) {
356 u64 end = *addr + size;
359 end += FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE;
361 * The final node can have the remaining system RAM. Other
362 * nodes receive roughly the same amount of available pages.
364 if (i == num_nodes + node_start - 1)
367 while (end - *addr - e820_hole_size(*addr, end) <
369 end += FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE;
370 if (end > max_addr) {
375 if (setup_node_range(i, nodes, addr, end - *addr, max_addr) < 0)
378 return i - node_start + 1;
382 * Splits the remaining system RAM into chunks of size. The remaining memory is
383 * always assigned to a final node and can be asymmetric. Returns the number of
386 static int __init split_nodes_by_size(struct bootnode *nodes, u64 *addr,
387 u64 max_addr, int node_start, u64 size)
390 size = (size << 20) & FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK;
391 while (!setup_node_range(i++, nodes, addr, size, max_addr))
393 return i - node_start;
397 * Sets up the system RAM area from start_pfn to last_pfn according to the
398 * numa=fake command-line option.
400 static struct bootnode nodes[MAX_NUMNODES] __initdata;
402 static int __init numa_emulation(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long last_pfn)
404 u64 size, addr = start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
405 u64 max_addr = last_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
406 int num_nodes = 0, num = 0, coeff_flag, coeff = -1, i;
408 memset(&nodes, 0, sizeof(nodes));
410 * If the numa=fake command-line is just a single number N, split the
411 * system RAM into N fake nodes.
413 if (!strchr(cmdline, '*') && !strchr(cmdline, ',')) {
414 long n = simple_strtol(cmdline, NULL, 0);
416 num_nodes = split_nodes_equally(nodes, &addr, max_addr, 0, n);
422 /* Parse the command line. */
423 for (coeff_flag = 0; ; cmdline++) {
424 if (*cmdline && isdigit(*cmdline)) {
425 num = num * 10 + *cmdline - '0';
428 if (*cmdline == '*') {
433 if (!*cmdline || *cmdline == ',') {
437 * Round down to the nearest FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE.
438 * Command-line coefficients are in megabytes.
440 size = ((u64)num << 20) & FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK;
442 for (i = 0; i < coeff; i++, num_nodes++)
443 if (setup_node_range(num_nodes, nodes,
444 &addr, size, max_addr) < 0)
456 /* Fill remainder of system RAM, if appropriate. */
457 if (addr < max_addr) {
458 if (coeff_flag && coeff < 0) {
459 /* Split remaining nodes into num-sized chunks */
460 num_nodes += split_nodes_by_size(nodes, &addr, max_addr,
464 switch (*(cmdline - 1)) {
466 /* Split remaining nodes into coeff chunks */
469 num_nodes += split_nodes_equally(nodes, &addr, max_addr,
473 /* Do not allocate remaining system RAM */
476 /* Give one final node */
477 setup_node_range(num_nodes, nodes, &addr,
478 max_addr - addr, max_addr);
483 memnode_shift = compute_hash_shift(nodes, num_nodes, NULL);
484 if (memnode_shift < 0) {
486 printk(KERN_ERR "No NUMA hash function found. NUMA emulation "
492 * We need to vacate all active ranges that may have been registered by
493 * SRAT and set acpi_numa to -1 so that srat_disabled() always returns
494 * true. NUMA emulation has succeeded so we will not scan ACPI nodes.
496 remove_all_active_ranges();
497 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
500 for_each_node_mask(i, node_possible_map) {
501 e820_register_active_regions(i, nodes[i].start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
502 nodes[i].end >> PAGE_SHIFT);
503 setup_node_bootmem(i, nodes[i].start, nodes[i].end);
505 acpi_fake_nodes(nodes, num_nodes);
509 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_EMU */
511 void __init initmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long last_pfn)
515 nodes_clear(node_possible_map);
516 nodes_clear(node_online_map);
518 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_EMU
519 if (cmdline && !numa_emulation(start_pfn, last_pfn))
521 nodes_clear(node_possible_map);
522 nodes_clear(node_online_map);
525 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
526 if (!numa_off && !acpi_scan_nodes(start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT,
527 last_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT))
529 nodes_clear(node_possible_map);
530 nodes_clear(node_online_map);
533 #ifdef CONFIG_K8_NUMA
534 if (!numa_off && !k8_scan_nodes(start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT,
535 last_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT))
537 nodes_clear(node_possible_map);
538 nodes_clear(node_online_map);
540 printk(KERN_INFO "%s\n",
541 numa_off ? "NUMA turned off" : "No NUMA configuration found");
543 printk(KERN_INFO "Faking a node at %016lx-%016lx\n",
544 start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT,
545 last_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
546 /* setup dummy node covering all memory */
548 memnodemap = memnode.embedded_map;
551 node_set(0, node_possible_map);
552 for (i = 0; i < nr_cpu_ids; i++)
554 e820_register_active_regions(0, start_pfn, last_pfn);
555 setup_node_bootmem(0, start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, last_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
558 unsigned long __init numa_free_all_bootmem(void)
560 unsigned long pages = 0;
563 for_each_online_node(i)
564 pages += free_all_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(i));
569 void __init paging_init(void)
571 unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES];
573 memset(max_zone_pfns, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns));
574 max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] = MAX_DMA_PFN;
575 max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = MAX_DMA32_PFN;
576 max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_pfn;
578 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES);
581 free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
584 static __init int numa_setup(char *opt)
588 if (!strncmp(opt, "off", 3))
590 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_EMU
591 if (!strncmp(opt, "fake=", 5))
594 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
595 if (!strncmp(opt, "noacpi", 6))
597 if (!strncmp(opt, "hotadd=", 7))
598 hotadd_percent = simple_strtoul(opt+7, NULL, 10);
602 early_param("numa", numa_setup);
606 * Setup early cpu_to_node.
608 * Populate cpu_to_node[] only if x86_cpu_to_apicid[],
609 * and apicid_to_node[] tables have valid entries for a CPU.
610 * This means we skip cpu_to_node[] initialisation for NUMA
611 * emulation and faking node case (when running a kernel compiled
612 * for NUMA on a non NUMA box), which is OK as cpu_to_node[]
613 * is already initialized in a round robin manner at numa_init_array,
614 * prior to this call, and this initialization is good enough
615 * for the fake NUMA cases.
617 * Called before the per_cpu areas are setup.
619 void __init init_cpu_to_node(void)
622 u16 *cpu_to_apicid = early_per_cpu_ptr(x86_cpu_to_apicid);
624 BUG_ON(cpu_to_apicid == NULL);
626 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
628 u16 apicid = cpu_to_apicid[cpu];
630 if (apicid == BAD_APICID)
632 node = apicid_to_node[apicid];
633 if (node == NUMA_NO_NODE)
635 if (!node_online(node))
637 numa_set_node(cpu, node);