2 * linux/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2002 Russell King
5 * Fragments that appear the same as linux/arch/i386/kernel/traps.c (C) Linus Torvalds
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * 'traps.c' handles hardware exceptions after we have saved some state in
12 * 'linux/arch/arm/lib/traps.S'. Mostly a debugging aid, but will probably
13 * kill the offending process.
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/signal.h>
17 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
18 #include <linux/personality.h>
19 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
20 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <asm/atomic.h>
25 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
26 #include <asm/system.h>
27 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
28 #include <asm/unistd.h>
29 #include <asm/traps.h>
34 const char *processor_modes[]=
35 { "USER_26", "FIQ_26" , "IRQ_26" , "SVC_26" , "UK4_26" , "UK5_26" , "UK6_26" , "UK7_26" ,
36 "UK8_26" , "UK9_26" , "UK10_26", "UK11_26", "UK12_26", "UK13_26", "UK14_26", "UK15_26",
37 "USER_32", "FIQ_32" , "IRQ_32" , "SVC_32" , "UK4_32" , "UK5_32" , "UK6_32" , "ABT_32" ,
38 "UK8_32" , "UK9_32" , "UK10_32", "UND_32" , "UK12_32", "UK13_32", "UK14_32", "SYS_32"
41 static const char *handler[]= { "prefetch abort", "data abort", "address exception", "interrupt" };
43 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
44 unsigned int user_debug;
46 static int __init user_debug_setup(char *str)
48 get_option(&str, &user_debug);
51 __setup("user_debug=", user_debug_setup);
54 void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where, unsigned long from)
56 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
57 printk("[<%08lx>] ", where);
58 print_symbol("(%s) ", where);
59 printk("from [<%08lx>] ", from);
60 print_symbol("(%s)\n", from);
62 printk("Function entered at [<%08lx>] from [<%08lx>]\n", where, from);
67 * Stack pointers should always be within the kernels view of
68 * physical memory. If it is not there, then we can't dump
69 * out any information relating to the stack.
71 static int verify_stack(unsigned long sp)
73 if (sp < PAGE_OFFSET || (sp > (unsigned long)high_memory && high_memory != 0))
80 * Dump out the contents of some memory nicely...
82 static void dump_mem(const char *str, unsigned long bottom, unsigned long top)
84 unsigned long p = bottom & ~31;
89 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
90 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
91 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
96 printk("%s(0x%08lx to 0x%08lx)\n", str, bottom, top);
98 for (p = bottom & ~31; p < top;) {
99 printk("%04lx: ", p & 0xffff);
101 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++, p += 4) {
104 if (p < bottom || p >= top)
107 __get_user(val, (unsigned long *)p);
108 printk("%08x ", val);
117 static void dump_instr(struct pt_regs *regs)
119 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
120 const int thumb = thumb_mode(regs);
121 const int width = thumb ? 4 : 8;
126 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
127 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
128 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
134 for (i = -4; i < 1; i++) {
135 unsigned int val, bad;
138 bad = __get_user(val, &((u16 *)addr)[i]);
140 bad = __get_user(val, &((u32 *)addr)[i]);
143 printk(i == 0 ? "(%0*x) " : "%0*x ", width, val);
145 printk("bad PC value.");
154 static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
159 printk("Backtrace: ");
162 printk("no frame pointer");
164 } else if (verify_stack(fp)) {
165 printk("invalid frame pointer 0x%08x", fp);
167 } else if (fp < (unsigned long)end_of_stack(tsk))
168 printk("frame pointer underflow");
172 c_backtrace(fp, processor_mode(regs));
175 void dump_stack(void)
177 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ERRORS
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_stack);
184 void show_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long *sp)
192 fp = thread_saved_fp(tsk);
194 asm("mov%? %0, fp" : "=r" (fp));
196 c_backtrace(fp, 0x10);
200 static void __die(const char *str, int err, struct thread_info *thread, struct pt_regs *regs)
202 struct task_struct *tsk = thread->task;
203 static int die_counter;
205 printk("Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]\n", str, err, ++die_counter);
208 printk("Process %s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
209 tsk->comm, tsk->pid, thread + 1);
211 if (!user_mode(regs) || in_interrupt()) {
212 dump_mem("Stack: ", regs->ARM_sp,
213 THREAD_SIZE + (unsigned long)task_stack_page(tsk));
214 dump_backtrace(regs, tsk);
219 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(die_lock);
222 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
224 NORET_TYPE void die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, int err)
226 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
229 spin_lock_irq(&die_lock);
231 __die(str, err, thread, regs);
233 spin_unlock_irq(&die_lock);
236 printk(KERN_EMERG "Fatal exception: panic in 5 seconds\n");
238 panic("Fatal exception");
244 void notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, struct siginfo *info,
245 unsigned long err, unsigned long trap)
247 if (user_mode(regs)) {
248 current->thread.error_code = err;
249 current->thread.trap_no = trap;
251 force_sig_info(info->si_signo, info, current);
257 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook);
258 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(undef_lock);
260 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
264 spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
265 list_add(&hook->node, &undef_hook);
266 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
269 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
273 spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
274 list_del(&hook->node);
275 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
278 asmlinkage void do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs *regs)
280 unsigned int correction = thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4;
282 struct undef_hook *hook;
287 * According to the ARM ARM, PC is 2 or 4 bytes ahead,
288 * depending whether we're in Thumb mode or not.
289 * Correct this offset.
291 regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
293 pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
294 if (thumb_mode(regs)) {
295 get_user(instr, (u16 __user *)pc);
297 get_user(instr, (u32 __user *)pc);
300 spin_lock_irq(&undef_lock);
301 list_for_each_entry(hook, &undef_hook, node) {
302 if ((instr & hook->instr_mask) == hook->instr_val &&
303 (regs->ARM_cpsr & hook->cpsr_mask) == hook->cpsr_val) {
304 if (hook->fn(regs, instr) == 0) {
305 spin_unlock_irq(&undef_lock);
310 spin_unlock_irq(&undef_lock);
312 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
313 if (user_debug & UDBG_UNDEFINED) {
314 printk(KERN_INFO "%s (%d): undefined instruction: pc=%p\n",
315 current->comm, current->pid, pc);
320 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
322 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
325 notify_die("Oops - undefined instruction", regs, &info, 0, 6);
328 asmlinkage void do_unexp_fiq (struct pt_regs *regs)
330 #ifndef CONFIG_IGNORE_FIQ
331 printk("Hmm. Unexpected FIQ received, but trying to continue\n");
332 printk("You may have a hardware problem...\n");
337 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the vectors. If you see one of
338 * these, then it's extremely serious, and could mean you have buggy hardware.
339 * It never returns, and never tries to sync. We hope that we can at least
340 * dump out some state information...
342 asmlinkage void bad_mode(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason, int proc_mode)
346 printk(KERN_CRIT "Bad mode in %s handler detected: mode %s\n",
347 handler[reason], processor_modes[proc_mode]);
349 die("Oops - bad mode", regs, 0);
354 static int bad_syscall(int n, struct pt_regs *regs)
356 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
359 if (current->personality != PER_LINUX &&
360 current->personality != PER_LINUX_32BIT &&
361 thread->exec_domain->handler) {
362 thread->exec_domain->handler(n, regs);
366 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
367 if (user_debug & UDBG_SYSCALL) {
368 printk(KERN_ERR "[%d] %s: obsolete system call %08x.\n",
369 current->pid, current->comm, n);
374 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
376 info.si_code = ILL_ILLTRP;
377 info.si_addr = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs) -
378 (thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4);
380 notify_die("Oops - bad syscall", regs, &info, n, 0);
386 do_cache_op(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int flags)
388 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
390 if (end < start || flags)
393 vma = find_vma(current->active_mm, start);
394 if (vma && vma->vm_start < end) {
395 if (start < vma->vm_start)
396 start = vma->vm_start;
397 if (end > vma->vm_end)
400 flush_cache_user_range(vma, start, end);
405 * Handle all unrecognised system calls.
406 * 0x9f0000 - 0x9fffff are some more esoteric system calls
408 #define NR(x) ((__ARM_NR_##x) - __ARM_NR_BASE)
409 asmlinkage int arm_syscall(int no, struct pt_regs *regs)
411 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
414 if ((no >> 16) != (__ARM_NR_BASE>> 16))
415 return bad_syscall(no, regs);
417 switch (no & 0xffff) {
418 case 0: /* branch through 0 */
419 info.si_signo = SIGSEGV;
421 info.si_code = SEGV_MAPERR;
424 notify_die("branch through zero", regs, &info, 0, 0);
427 case NR(breakpoint): /* SWI BREAK_POINT */
428 regs->ARM_pc -= thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4;
429 ptrace_break(current, regs);
433 * Flush a region from virtual address 'r0' to virtual address 'r1'
434 * _exclusive_. There is no alignment requirement on either address;
435 * user space does not need to know the hardware cache layout.
437 * r2 contains flags. It should ALWAYS be passed as ZERO until it
438 * is defined to be something else. For now we ignore it, but may
439 * the fires of hell burn in your belly if you break this rule. ;)
441 * (at a later date, we may want to allow this call to not flush
442 * various aspects of the cache. Passing '0' will guarantee that
443 * everything necessary gets flushed to maintain consistency in
444 * the specified region).
447 do_cache_op(regs->ARM_r0, regs->ARM_r1, regs->ARM_r2);
451 if (!(elf_hwcap & HWCAP_26BIT))
453 regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~MODE32_BIT;
457 if (!(elf_hwcap & HWCAP_26BIT))
459 regs->ARM_cpsr |= MODE32_BIT;
463 thread->tp_value = regs->ARM_r0;
464 #if defined(CONFIG_HAS_TLS_REG)
465 asm ("mcr p15, 0, %0, c13, c0, 3" : : "r" (regs->ARM_r0) );
466 #elif !defined(CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL)
468 * User space must never try to access this directly.
469 * Expect your app to break eventually if you do so.
470 * The user helper at 0xffff0fe0 must be used instead.
471 * (see entry-armv.S for details)
473 *((unsigned int *)0xffff0ff0) = regs->ARM_r0;
477 #ifdef CONFIG_NEEDS_SYSCALL_FOR_CMPXCHG
479 * Atomically store r1 in *r2 if *r2 is equal to r0 for user space.
480 * Return zero in r0 if *MEM was changed or non-zero if no exchange
481 * happened. Also set the user C flag accordingly.
482 * If access permissions have to be fixed up then non-zero is
483 * returned and the operation has to be re-attempted.
485 * *NOTE*: This is a ghost syscall private to the kernel. Only the
486 * __kuser_cmpxchg code in entry-armv.S should be aware of its
487 * existence. Don't ever use this from user code.
491 extern void do_DataAbort(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr,
492 struct pt_regs *regs);
494 unsigned long addr = regs->ARM_r2;
495 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
496 pgd_t *pgd; pmd_t *pmd; pte_t *pte;
499 regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~PSR_C_BIT;
500 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
501 pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
502 if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
504 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, addr);
505 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
507 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
508 if (!pte_present(*pte) || !pte_dirty(*pte)) {
509 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
512 val = *(unsigned long *)addr;
515 *(unsigned long *)addr = regs->ARM_r1;
516 regs->ARM_cpsr |= PSR_C_BIT;
518 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
519 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
523 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
524 /* simulate a write access fault */
525 do_DataAbort(addr, 15 + (1 << 11), regs);
531 /* Calls 9f00xx..9f07ff are defined to return -ENOSYS
532 if not implemented, rather than raising SIGILL. This
533 way the calling program can gracefully determine whether
534 a feature is supported. */
539 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
541 * experience shows that these seem to indicate that
542 * something catastrophic has happened
544 if (user_debug & UDBG_SYSCALL) {
545 printk("[%d] %s: arm syscall %d\n",
546 current->pid, current->comm, no);
548 if (user_mode(regs)) {
550 c_backtrace(regs->ARM_fp, processor_mode(regs));
554 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
556 info.si_code = ILL_ILLTRP;
557 info.si_addr = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs) -
558 (thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4);
560 notify_die("Oops - bad syscall(2)", regs, &info, no, 0);
564 #ifdef CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL
567 * We might be running on an ARMv6+ processor which should have the TLS
568 * register but for some reason we can't use it, or maybe an SMP system
569 * using a pre-ARMv6 processor (there are apparently a few prototypes like
570 * that in existence) and therefore access to that register must be
574 static int get_tp_trap(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int instr)
576 int reg = (instr >> 12) & 15;
579 regs->uregs[reg] = current_thread_info()->tp_value;
584 static struct undef_hook arm_mrc_hook = {
585 .instr_mask = 0x0fff0fff,
586 .instr_val = 0x0e1d0f70,
587 .cpsr_mask = PSR_T_BIT,
592 static int __init arm_mrc_hook_init(void)
594 register_undef_hook(&arm_mrc_hook);
598 late_initcall(arm_mrc_hook_init);
602 void __bad_xchg(volatile void *ptr, int size)
604 printk("xchg: bad data size: pc 0x%p, ptr 0x%p, size %d\n",
605 __builtin_return_address(0), ptr, size);
608 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bad_xchg);
611 * A data abort trap was taken, but we did not handle the instruction.
612 * Try to abort the user program, or panic if it was the kernel.
615 baddataabort(int code, unsigned long instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
617 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
620 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
621 if (user_debug & UDBG_BADABORT) {
622 printk(KERN_ERR "[%d] %s: bad data abort: code %d instr 0x%08lx\n",
623 current->pid, current->comm, code, instr);
625 show_pte(current->mm, addr);
629 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
631 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
632 info.si_addr = (void __user *)addr;
634 notify_die("unknown data abort code", regs, &info, instr, 0);
637 void __attribute__((noreturn)) __bug(const char *file, int line, void *data)
639 printk(KERN_CRIT"kernel BUG at %s:%d!", file, line);
641 printk(" - extra data = %p", data);
645 /* Avoid "noreturn function does return" */
648 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bug);
650 void __readwrite_bug(const char *fn)
652 printk("%s called, but not implemented\n", fn);
655 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__readwrite_bug);
657 void __pte_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
659 printk("%s:%d: bad pte %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
662 void __pmd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
664 printk("%s:%d: bad pmd %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
667 void __pgd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
669 printk("%s:%d: bad pgd %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
672 asmlinkage void __div0(void)
674 printk("Division by zero in kernel.\n");
677 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__div0);
683 /* if that doesn't kill us, halt */
684 panic("Oops failed to kill thread");
686 EXPORT_SYMBOL(abort);
688 void __init trap_init(void)
690 unsigned long vectors = CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE;
691 extern char __stubs_start[], __stubs_end[];
692 extern char __vectors_start[], __vectors_end[];
693 extern char __kuser_helper_start[], __kuser_helper_end[];
694 int kuser_sz = __kuser_helper_end - __kuser_helper_start;
697 * Copy the vectors, stubs and kuser helpers (in entry-armv.S)
698 * into the vector page, mapped at 0xffff0000, and ensure these
699 * are visible to the instruction stream.
701 memcpy((void *)vectors, __vectors_start, __vectors_end - __vectors_start);
702 memcpy((void *)vectors + 0x200, __stubs_start, __stubs_end - __stubs_start);
703 memcpy((void *)vectors + 0x1000 - kuser_sz, __kuser_helper_start, kuser_sz);
706 * Copy signal return handlers into the vector page, and
707 * set sigreturn to be a pointer to these.
709 memcpy((void *)KERN_SIGRETURN_CODE, sigreturn_codes,
710 sizeof(sigreturn_codes));
712 flush_icache_range(vectors, vectors + PAGE_SIZE);
713 modify_domain(DOMAIN_USER, DOMAIN_CLIENT);