tracing/filters: use ring_buffer_discard_commit for discarded events

[linux-2.6] / kernel / trace / trace.c

/*
 * ring buffer based function tracer
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2008 Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
 *
 * Originally taken from the RT patch by:
 *    Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
 *
 * Based on code from the latency_tracer, that is:
 *  Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Ingo Molnar
 *  Copyright (C) 2004 William Lee Irwin III
 */
#include <linux/ring_buffer.h>
#include <linux/utsrelease.h>
#include <linux/stacktrace.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/irqflags.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/splice.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>

#include "trace.h"
#include "trace_output.h"

#define TRACE_BUFFER_FLAGS      (RB_FL_OVERWRITE)

unsigned long __read_mostly     tracing_max_latency;
unsigned long __read_mostly     tracing_thresh;

/*
 * On boot up, the ring buffer is set to the minimum size, so that
 * we do not waste memory on systems that are not using tracing.
 */
static int ring_buffer_expanded;

/*
 * We need to change this state when a selftest is running.
 * A selftest will lurk into the ring-buffer to count the
 * entries inserted during the selftest although some concurrent
 * insertions into the ring-buffer such as trace_printk could occurred
 * at the same time, giving false positive or negative results.
 */
static bool __read_mostly tracing_selftest_running;

/*
 * If a tracer is running, we do not want to run SELFTEST.
 */
static bool __read_mostly tracing_selftest_disabled;

/* For tracers that don't implement custom flags */
static struct tracer_opt dummy_tracer_opt[] = {
        { }
};

static struct tracer_flags dummy_tracer_flags = {
        .val = 0,
        .opts = dummy_tracer_opt
};

static int dummy_set_flag(u32 old_flags, u32 bit, int set)
{
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Kill all tracing for good (never come back).
 * It is initialized to 1 but will turn to zero if the initialization
 * of the tracer is successful. But that is the only place that sets
 * this back to zero.
 */
static int tracing_disabled = 1;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(local_t, ftrace_cpu_disabled);

static inline void ftrace_disable_cpu(void)
{
        preempt_disable();
        local_inc(&__get_cpu_var(ftrace_cpu_disabled));
}

static inline void ftrace_enable_cpu(void)
{
        local_dec(&__get_cpu_var(ftrace_cpu_disabled));
        preempt_enable();
}

static cpumask_var_t __read_mostly      tracing_buffer_mask;

/* Define which cpu buffers are currently read in trace_pipe */
static cpumask_var_t                    tracing_reader_cpumask;

#define for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu)       \
        for_each_cpu(cpu, tracing_buffer_mask)

/*
 * ftrace_dump_on_oops - variable to dump ftrace buffer on oops
 *
 * If there is an oops (or kernel panic) and the ftrace_dump_on_oops
 * is set, then ftrace_dump is called. This will output the contents
 * of the ftrace buffers to the console.  This is very useful for
 * capturing traces that lead to crashes and outputing it to a
 * serial console.
 *
 * It is default off, but you can enable it with either specifying
 * "ftrace_dump_on_oops" in the kernel command line, or setting
 * /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_dump_on_oops to true.
 */
int ftrace_dump_on_oops;

static int tracing_set_tracer(const char *buf);

#define BOOTUP_TRACER_SIZE              100
static char bootup_tracer_buf[BOOTUP_TRACER_SIZE] __initdata;
static char *default_bootup_tracer;

static int __init set_ftrace(char *str)
{
        strncpy(bootup_tracer_buf, str, BOOTUP_TRACER_SIZE);
        default_bootup_tracer = bootup_tracer_buf;
        /* We are using ftrace early, expand it */
        ring_buffer_expanded = 1;
        return 1;
}
__setup("ftrace=", set_ftrace);

static int __init set_ftrace_dump_on_oops(char *str)
{
        ftrace_dump_on_oops = 1;
        return 1;
}
__setup("ftrace_dump_on_oops", set_ftrace_dump_on_oops);

unsigned long long ns2usecs(cycle_t nsec)
{
        nsec += 500;
        do_div(nsec, 1000);
        return nsec;
}

/*
 * The global_trace is the descriptor that holds the tracing
 * buffers for the live tracing. For each CPU, it contains
 * a link list of pages that will store trace entries. The
 * page descriptor of the pages in the memory is used to hold
 * the link list by linking the lru item in the page descriptor
 * to each of the pages in the buffer per CPU.
 *
 * For each active CPU there is a data field that holds the
 * pages for the buffer for that CPU. Each CPU has the same number
 * of pages allocated for its buffer.
 */
static struct trace_array       global_trace;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct trace_array_cpu, global_trace_cpu);

cycle_t ftrace_now(int cpu)
{
        u64 ts;

        /* Early boot up does not have a buffer yet */
        if (!global_trace.buffer)
                return trace_clock_local();

        ts = ring_buffer_time_stamp(global_trace.buffer, cpu);
        ring_buffer_normalize_time_stamp(global_trace.buffer, cpu, &ts);

        return ts;
}

/*
 * The max_tr is used to snapshot the global_trace when a maximum
 * latency is reached. Some tracers will use this to store a maximum
 * trace while it continues examining live traces.
 *
 * The buffers for the max_tr are set up the same as the global_trace.
 * When a snapshot is taken, the link list of the max_tr is swapped
 * with the link list of the global_trace and the buffers are reset for
 * the global_trace so the tracing can continue.
 */
static struct trace_array       max_tr;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct trace_array_cpu, max_data);

/* tracer_enabled is used to toggle activation of a tracer */
static int                      tracer_enabled = 1;

/**
 * tracing_is_enabled - return tracer_enabled status
 *
 * This function is used by other tracers to know the status
 * of the tracer_enabled flag.  Tracers may use this function
 * to know if it should enable their features when starting
 * up. See irqsoff tracer for an example (start_irqsoff_tracer).
 */
int tracing_is_enabled(void)
{
        return tracer_enabled;
}

/*
 * trace_buf_size is the size in bytes that is allocated
 * for a buffer. Note, the number of bytes is always rounded
 * to page size.
 *
 * This number is purposely set to a low number of 16384.
 * If the dump on oops happens, it will be much appreciated
 * to not have to wait for all that output. Anyway this can be
 * boot time and run time configurable.
 */
#define TRACE_BUF_SIZE_DEFAULT  1441792UL /* 16384 * 88 (sizeof(entry)) */

static unsigned long            trace_buf_size = TRACE_BUF_SIZE_DEFAULT;

/* trace_types holds a link list of available tracers. */
static struct tracer            *trace_types __read_mostly;

/* current_trace points to the tracer that is currently active */
static struct tracer            *current_trace __read_mostly;

/*
 * max_tracer_type_len is used to simplify the allocating of
 * buffers to read userspace tracer names. We keep track of
 * the longest tracer name registered.
 */
static int                      max_tracer_type_len;

/*
 * trace_types_lock is used to protect the trace_types list.
 * This lock is also used to keep user access serialized.
 * Accesses from userspace will grab this lock while userspace
 * activities happen inside the kernel.
 */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(trace_types_lock);

/* trace_wait is a waitqueue for tasks blocked on trace_poll */
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(trace_wait);

/* trace_flags holds trace_options default values */
unsigned long trace_flags = TRACE_ITER_PRINT_PARENT | TRACE_ITER_PRINTK |
        TRACE_ITER_ANNOTATE | TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO | TRACE_ITER_SLEEP_TIME |
        TRACE_ITER_GRAPH_TIME;

/**
 * trace_wake_up - wake up tasks waiting for trace input
 *
 * Simply wakes up any task that is blocked on the trace_wait
 * queue. These is used with trace_poll for tasks polling the trace.
 */
void trace_wake_up(void)
{
        /*
         * The runqueue_is_locked() can fail, but this is the best we
         * have for now:
         */
        if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_BLOCK) && !runqueue_is_locked())
                wake_up(&trace_wait);
}

static int __init set_buf_size(char *str)
{
        unsigned long buf_size;
        int ret;

        if (!str)
                return 0;
        ret = strict_strtoul(str, 0, &buf_size);
        /* nr_entries can not be zero */
        if (ret < 0 || buf_size == 0)
                return 0;
        trace_buf_size = buf_size;
        return 1;
}
__setup("trace_buf_size=", set_buf_size);

unsigned long nsecs_to_usecs(unsigned long nsecs)
{
        return nsecs / 1000;
}

/* These must match the bit postions in trace_iterator_flags */
static const char *trace_options[] = {
        "print-parent",
        "sym-offset",
        "sym-addr",
        "verbose",
        "raw",
        "hex",
        "bin",
        "block",
        "stacktrace",
        "sched-tree",
        "trace_printk",
        "ftrace_preempt",
        "branch",
        "annotate",
        "userstacktrace",
        "sym-userobj",
        "printk-msg-only",
        "context-info",
        "latency-format",
        "global-clock",
        "sleep-time",
        "graph-time",
        NULL
};

/*
 * ftrace_max_lock is used to protect the swapping of buffers
 * when taking a max snapshot. The buffers themselves are
 * protected by per_cpu spinlocks. But the action of the swap
 * needs its own lock.
 *
 * This is defined as a raw_spinlock_t in order to help
 * with performance when lockdep debugging is enabled.
 */
static raw_spinlock_t ftrace_max_lock =
        (raw_spinlock_t)__RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;

/*
 * Copy the new maximum trace into the separate maximum-trace
 * structure. (this way the maximum trace is permanently saved,
 * for later retrieval via /debugfs/tracing/latency_trace)
 */
static void
__update_max_tr(struct trace_array *tr, struct task_struct *tsk, int cpu)
{
        struct trace_array_cpu *data = tr->data[cpu];

        max_tr.cpu = cpu;
        max_tr.time_start = data->preempt_timestamp;

        data = max_tr.data[cpu];
        data->saved_latency = tracing_max_latency;

        memcpy(data->comm, tsk->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN);
        data->pid = tsk->pid;
        data->uid = task_uid(tsk);
        data->nice = tsk->static_prio - 20 - MAX_RT_PRIO;
        data->policy = tsk->policy;
        data->rt_priority = tsk->rt_priority;

        /* record this tasks comm */
        tracing_record_cmdline(tsk);
}

ssize_t trace_seq_to_user(struct trace_seq *s, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt)
{
        int len;
        int ret;

        if (!cnt)
                return 0;

        if (s->len <= s->readpos)
                return -EBUSY;

        len = s->len - s->readpos;
        if (cnt > len)
                cnt = len;
        ret = copy_to_user(ubuf, s->buffer + s->readpos, cnt);
        if (ret == cnt)
                return -EFAULT;

        cnt -= ret;

        s->readpos += cnt;
        return cnt;
}

static ssize_t trace_seq_to_buffer(struct trace_seq *s, void *buf, size_t cnt)
{
        int len;
        void *ret;

        if (s->len <= s->readpos)
                return -EBUSY;

        len = s->len - s->readpos;
        if (cnt > len)
                cnt = len;
        ret = memcpy(buf, s->buffer + s->readpos, cnt);
        if (!ret)
                return -EFAULT;

        s->readpos += cnt;
        return cnt;
}

/**
 * update_max_tr - snapshot all trace buffers from global_trace to max_tr
 * @tr: tracer
 * @tsk: the task with the latency
 * @cpu: The cpu that initiated the trace.
 *
 * Flip the buffers between the @tr and the max_tr and record information
 * about which task was the cause of this latency.
 */
void
update_max_tr(struct trace_array *tr, struct task_struct *tsk, int cpu)
{
        struct ring_buffer *buf = tr->buffer;

        WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
        __raw_spin_lock(&ftrace_max_lock);

        tr->buffer = max_tr.buffer;
        max_tr.buffer = buf;

        ftrace_disable_cpu();
        ring_buffer_reset(tr->buffer);
        ftrace_enable_cpu();

        __update_max_tr(tr, tsk, cpu);
        __raw_spin_unlock(&ftrace_max_lock);
}

/**
 * update_max_tr_single - only copy one trace over, and reset the rest
 * @tr - tracer
 * @tsk - task with the latency
 * @cpu - the cpu of the buffer to copy.
 *
 * Flip the trace of a single CPU buffer between the @tr and the max_tr.
 */
void
update_max_tr_single(struct trace_array *tr, struct task_struct *tsk, int cpu)
{
        int ret;

        WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
        __raw_spin_lock(&ftrace_max_lock);

        ftrace_disable_cpu();

        ring_buffer_reset(max_tr.buffer);
        ret = ring_buffer_swap_cpu(max_tr.buffer, tr->buffer, cpu);

        ftrace_enable_cpu();

        WARN_ON_ONCE(ret && ret != -EAGAIN);

        __update_max_tr(tr, tsk, cpu);
        __raw_spin_unlock(&ftrace_max_lock);
}

/**
 * register_tracer - register a tracer with the ftrace system.
 * @type - the plugin for the tracer
 *
 * Register a new plugin tracer.
 */
int register_tracer(struct tracer *type)
__releases(kernel_lock)
__acquires(kernel_lock)
{
        struct tracer *t;
        int len;
        int ret = 0;

        if (!type->name) {
                pr_info("Tracer must have a name\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /*
         * When this gets called we hold the BKL which means that
         * preemption is disabled. Various trace selftests however
         * need to disable and enable preemption for successful tests.
         * So we drop the BKL here and grab it after the tests again.
         */
        unlock_kernel();
        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

        tracing_selftest_running = true;

        for (t = trace_types; t; t = t->next) {
                if (strcmp(type->name, t->name) == 0) {
                        /* already found */
                        pr_info("Trace %s already registered\n",
                                type->name);
                        ret = -1;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        if (!type->set_flag)
                type->set_flag = &dummy_set_flag;
        if (!type->flags)
                type->flags = &dummy_tracer_flags;
        else
                if (!type->flags->opts)
                        type->flags->opts = dummy_tracer_opt;
        if (!type->wait_pipe)
                type->wait_pipe = default_wait_pipe;


#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_STARTUP_TEST
        if (type->selftest && !tracing_selftest_disabled) {
                struct tracer *saved_tracer = current_trace;
                struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
                int i;

                /*
                 * Run a selftest on this tracer.
                 * Here we reset the trace buffer, and set the current
                 * tracer to be this tracer. The tracer can then run some
                 * internal tracing to verify that everything is in order.
                 * If we fail, we do not register this tracer.
                 */
                for_each_tracing_cpu(i)
                        tracing_reset(tr, i);

                current_trace = type;
                /* the test is responsible for initializing and enabling */
                pr_info("Testing tracer %s: ", type->name);
                ret = type->selftest(type, tr);
                /* the test is responsible for resetting too */
                current_trace = saved_tracer;
                if (ret) {
                        printk(KERN_CONT "FAILED!\n");
                        goto out;
                }
                /* Only reset on passing, to avoid touching corrupted buffers */
                for_each_tracing_cpu(i)
                        tracing_reset(tr, i);

                printk(KERN_CONT "PASSED\n");
        }
#endif

        type->next = trace_types;
        trace_types = type;
        len = strlen(type->name);
        if (len > max_tracer_type_len)
                max_tracer_type_len = len;

 out:
        tracing_selftest_running = false;
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        if (ret || !default_bootup_tracer)
                goto out_unlock;

        if (strncmp(default_bootup_tracer, type->name, BOOTUP_TRACER_SIZE))
                goto out_unlock;

        printk(KERN_INFO "Starting tracer '%s'\n", type->name);
        /* Do we want this tracer to start on bootup? */
        tracing_set_tracer(type->name);
        default_bootup_tracer = NULL;
        /* disable other selftests, since this will break it. */
        tracing_selftest_disabled = 1;
#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_STARTUP_TEST
        printk(KERN_INFO "Disabling FTRACE selftests due to running tracer '%s'\n",
               type->name);
#endif

 out_unlock:
        lock_kernel();
        return ret;
}

void unregister_tracer(struct tracer *type)
{
        struct tracer **t;
        int len;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        for (t = &trace_types; *t; t = &(*t)->next) {
                if (*t == type)
                        goto found;
        }
        pr_info("Trace %s not registered\n", type->name);
        goto out;

 found:
        *t = (*t)->next;

        if (type == current_trace && tracer_enabled) {
                tracer_enabled = 0;
                tracing_stop();
                if (current_trace->stop)
                        current_trace->stop(&global_trace);
                current_trace = &nop_trace;
        }

        if (strlen(type->name) != max_tracer_type_len)
                goto out;

        max_tracer_type_len = 0;
        for (t = &trace_types; *t; t = &(*t)->next) {
                len = strlen((*t)->name);
                if (len > max_tracer_type_len)
                        max_tracer_type_len = len;
        }
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
}

void tracing_reset(struct trace_array *tr, int cpu)
{
        ftrace_disable_cpu();
        ring_buffer_reset_cpu(tr->buffer, cpu);
        ftrace_enable_cpu();
}

void tracing_reset_online_cpus(struct trace_array *tr)
{
        int cpu;

        tr->time_start = ftrace_now(tr->cpu);

        for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
                tracing_reset(tr, cpu);
}

#define SAVED_CMDLINES 128
#define NO_CMDLINE_MAP UINT_MAX
static unsigned map_pid_to_cmdline[PID_MAX_DEFAULT+1];
static unsigned map_cmdline_to_pid[SAVED_CMDLINES];
static char saved_cmdlines[SAVED_CMDLINES][TASK_COMM_LEN];
static int cmdline_idx;
static raw_spinlock_t trace_cmdline_lock = __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;

/* temporary disable recording */
static atomic_t trace_record_cmdline_disabled __read_mostly;

static void trace_init_cmdlines(void)
{
        memset(&map_pid_to_cmdline, NO_CMDLINE_MAP, sizeof(map_pid_to_cmdline));
        memset(&map_cmdline_to_pid, NO_CMDLINE_MAP, sizeof(map_cmdline_to_pid));
        cmdline_idx = 0;
}

static int trace_stop_count;
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(tracing_start_lock);

/**
 * ftrace_off_permanent - disable all ftrace code permanently
 *
 * This should only be called when a serious anomally has
 * been detected.  This will turn off the function tracing,
 * ring buffers, and other tracing utilites. It takes no
 * locks and can be called from any context.
 */
void ftrace_off_permanent(void)
{
        tracing_disabled = 1;
        ftrace_stop();
        tracing_off_permanent();
}

/**
 * tracing_start - quick start of the tracer
 *
 * If tracing is enabled but was stopped by tracing_stop,
 * this will start the tracer back up.
 */
void tracing_start(void)
{
        struct ring_buffer *buffer;
        unsigned long flags;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&tracing_start_lock, flags);
        if (--trace_stop_count) {
                if (trace_stop_count < 0) {
                        /* Someone screwed up their debugging */
                        WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
                        trace_stop_count = 0;
                }
                goto out;
        }


        buffer = global_trace.buffer;
        if (buffer)
                ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);

        buffer = max_tr.buffer;
        if (buffer)
                ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);

        ftrace_start();
 out:
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tracing_start_lock, flags);
}

/**
 * tracing_stop - quick stop of the tracer
 *
 * Light weight way to stop tracing. Use in conjunction with
 * tracing_start.
 */
void tracing_stop(void)
{
        struct ring_buffer *buffer;
        unsigned long flags;

        ftrace_stop();
        spin_lock_irqsave(&tracing_start_lock, flags);
        if (trace_stop_count++)
                goto out;

        buffer = global_trace.buffer;
        if (buffer)
                ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);

        buffer = max_tr.buffer;
        if (buffer)
                ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);

 out:
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tracing_start_lock, flags);
}

void trace_stop_cmdline_recording(void);

static void trace_save_cmdline(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
        unsigned pid, idx;

        if (!tsk->pid || unlikely(tsk->pid > PID_MAX_DEFAULT))
                return;

        /*
         * It's not the end of the world if we don't get
         * the lock, but we also don't want to spin
         * nor do we want to disable interrupts,
         * so if we miss here, then better luck next time.
         */
        if (!__raw_spin_trylock(&trace_cmdline_lock))
                return;

        idx = map_pid_to_cmdline[tsk->pid];
        if (idx == NO_CMDLINE_MAP) {
                idx = (cmdline_idx + 1) % SAVED_CMDLINES;

                /*
                 * Check whether the cmdline buffer at idx has a pid
                 * mapped. We are going to overwrite that entry so we
                 * need to clear the map_pid_to_cmdline. Otherwise we
                 * would read the new comm for the old pid.
                 */
                pid = map_cmdline_to_pid[idx];
                if (pid != NO_CMDLINE_MAP)
                        map_pid_to_cmdline[pid] = NO_CMDLINE_MAP;

                map_cmdline_to_pid[idx] = tsk->pid;
                map_pid_to_cmdline[tsk->pid] = idx;

                cmdline_idx = idx;
        }

        memcpy(&saved_cmdlines[idx], tsk->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN);

        __raw_spin_unlock(&trace_cmdline_lock);
}

void trace_find_cmdline(int pid, char comm[])
{
        unsigned map;

        if (!pid) {
                strcpy(comm, "<idle>");
                return;
        }

        if (pid > PID_MAX_DEFAULT) {
                strcpy(comm, "<...>");
                return;
        }

        __raw_spin_lock(&trace_cmdline_lock);
        map = map_pid_to_cmdline[pid];
        if (map != NO_CMDLINE_MAP)
                strcpy(comm, saved_cmdlines[map]);
        else
                strcpy(comm, "<...>");

        __raw_spin_unlock(&trace_cmdline_lock);
}

void tracing_record_cmdline(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
        if (atomic_read(&trace_record_cmdline_disabled) || !tracer_enabled ||
            !tracing_is_on())
                return;

        trace_save_cmdline(tsk);
}

void
tracing_generic_entry_update(struct trace_entry *entry, unsigned long flags,
                             int pc)
{
        struct task_struct *tsk = current;

        entry->preempt_count            = pc & 0xff;
        entry->pid                      = (tsk) ? tsk->pid : 0;
        entry->tgid                     = (tsk) ? tsk->tgid : 0;
        entry->flags =
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT
                (irqs_disabled_flags(flags) ? TRACE_FLAG_IRQS_OFF : 0) |
#else
                TRACE_FLAG_IRQS_NOSUPPORT |
#endif
                ((pc & HARDIRQ_MASK) ? TRACE_FLAG_HARDIRQ : 0) |
                ((pc & SOFTIRQ_MASK) ? TRACE_FLAG_SOFTIRQ : 0) |
                (need_resched() ? TRACE_FLAG_NEED_RESCHED : 0);
}

struct ring_buffer_event *trace_buffer_lock_reserve(struct trace_array *tr,
                                                    unsigned char type,
                                                    unsigned long len,
                                                    unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;

        event = ring_buffer_lock_reserve(tr->buffer, len);
        if (event != NULL) {
                struct trace_entry *ent = ring_buffer_event_data(event);

                tracing_generic_entry_update(ent, flags, pc);
                ent->type = type;
        }

        return event;
}
static void ftrace_trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr,
                               unsigned long flags, int skip, int pc);
static void ftrace_trace_userstack(struct trace_array *tr,
                                   unsigned long flags, int pc);

static inline void __trace_buffer_unlock_commit(struct trace_array *tr,
                                        struct ring_buffer_event *event,
                                        unsigned long flags, int pc,
                                        int wake)
{
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);

        ftrace_trace_stack(tr, flags, 6, pc);
        ftrace_trace_userstack(tr, flags, pc);

        if (wake)
                trace_wake_up();
}

void trace_buffer_unlock_commit(struct trace_array *tr,
                                        struct ring_buffer_event *event,
                                        unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        __trace_buffer_unlock_commit(tr, event, flags, pc, 1);
}

struct ring_buffer_event *
trace_current_buffer_lock_reserve(unsigned char type, unsigned long len,
                                  unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        return trace_buffer_lock_reserve(&global_trace,
                                         type, len, flags, pc);
}

void trace_current_buffer_unlock_commit(struct ring_buffer_event *event,
                                        unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        __trace_buffer_unlock_commit(&global_trace, event, flags, pc, 1);
}

void trace_nowake_buffer_unlock_commit(struct ring_buffer_event *event,
                                        unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        __trace_buffer_unlock_commit(&global_trace, event, flags, pc, 0);
}

void trace_current_buffer_discard_commit(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
{
        ring_buffer_discard_commit(global_trace.buffer, event);
}

void
trace_function(struct trace_array *tr,
               unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip, unsigned long flags,
               int pc)
{
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_function;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct ftrace_entry *entry;

        /* If we are reading the ring buffer, don't trace */
        if (unlikely(local_read(&__get_cpu_var(ftrace_cpu_disabled))))
                return;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_FN, sizeof(*entry),
                                          flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->ip                       = ip;
        entry->parent_ip                = parent_ip;

        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);

        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
static int __trace_graph_entry(struct trace_array *tr,
                                struct ftrace_graph_ent *trace,
                                unsigned long flags,
                                int pc)
{
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_funcgraph_entry;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct ftrace_graph_ent_entry *entry;

        if (unlikely(local_read(&__get_cpu_var(ftrace_cpu_disabled))))
                return 0;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(&global_trace, TRACE_GRAPH_ENT,
                                          sizeof(*entry), flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return 0;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->graph_ent                        = *trace;
        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(global_trace.buffer, event);

        return 1;
}

static void __trace_graph_return(struct trace_array *tr,
                                struct ftrace_graph_ret *trace,
                                unsigned long flags,
                                int pc)
{
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_funcgraph_exit;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct ftrace_graph_ret_entry *entry;

        if (unlikely(local_read(&__get_cpu_var(ftrace_cpu_disabled))))
                return;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(&global_trace, TRACE_GRAPH_RET,
                                          sizeof(*entry), flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->ret                              = *trace;
        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(global_trace.buffer, event);
}
#endif

void
ftrace(struct trace_array *tr, struct trace_array_cpu *data,
       unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip, unsigned long flags,
       int pc)
{
        if (likely(!atomic_read(&data->disabled)))
                trace_function(tr, ip, parent_ip, flags, pc);
}

static void __ftrace_trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr,
                                 unsigned long flags,
                                 int skip, int pc)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_kernel_stack;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct stack_entry *entry;
        struct stack_trace trace;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_STACK,
                                          sizeof(*entry), flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        memset(&entry->caller, 0, sizeof(entry->caller));

        trace.nr_entries        = 0;
        trace.max_entries       = FTRACE_STACK_ENTRIES;
        trace.skip              = skip;
        trace.entries           = entry->caller;

        save_stack_trace(&trace);
        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);
#endif
}

static void ftrace_trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr,
                               unsigned long flags,
                               int skip, int pc)
{
        if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_STACKTRACE))
                return;

        __ftrace_trace_stack(tr, flags, skip, pc);
}

void __trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr,
                   unsigned long flags,
                   int skip, int pc)
{
        __ftrace_trace_stack(tr, flags, skip, pc);
}

static void ftrace_trace_userstack(struct trace_array *tr,
                                   unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_user_stack;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct userstack_entry *entry;
        struct stack_trace trace;

        if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_USERSTACKTRACE))
                return;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_USER_STACK,
                                          sizeof(*entry), flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);

        memset(&entry->caller, 0, sizeof(entry->caller));

        trace.nr_entries        = 0;
        trace.max_entries       = FTRACE_STACK_ENTRIES;
        trace.skip              = 0;
        trace.entries           = entry->caller;

        save_stack_trace_user(&trace);
        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);
#endif
}

#ifdef UNUSED
static void __trace_userstack(struct trace_array *tr, unsigned long flags)
{
        ftrace_trace_userstack(tr, flags, preempt_count());
}
#endif /* UNUSED */

static void
ftrace_trace_special(void *__tr,
                     unsigned long arg1, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3,
                     int pc)
{
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct trace_array *tr = __tr;
        struct special_entry *entry;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_SPECIAL,
                                          sizeof(*entry), 0, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->arg1                     = arg1;
        entry->arg2                     = arg2;
        entry->arg3                     = arg3;
        trace_buffer_unlock_commit(tr, event, 0, pc);
}

void
__trace_special(void *__tr, void *__data,
                unsigned long arg1, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3)
{
        ftrace_trace_special(__tr, arg1, arg2, arg3, preempt_count());
}

void
tracing_sched_switch_trace(struct trace_array *tr,
                           struct task_struct *prev,
                           struct task_struct *next,
                           unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_context_switch;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct ctx_switch_entry *entry;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_CTX,
                                          sizeof(*entry), flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->prev_pid                 = prev->pid;
        entry->prev_prio                = prev->prio;
        entry->prev_state               = prev->state;
        entry->next_pid                 = next->pid;
        entry->next_prio                = next->prio;
        entry->next_state               = next->state;
        entry->next_cpu = task_cpu(next);

        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);

        trace_buffer_unlock_commit(tr, event, flags, pc);
}

void
tracing_sched_wakeup_trace(struct trace_array *tr,
                           struct task_struct *wakee,
                           struct task_struct *curr,
                           unsigned long flags, int pc)
{
        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_wakeup;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct ctx_switch_entry *entry;

        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_WAKE,
                                          sizeof(*entry), flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                return;
        entry   = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->prev_pid                 = curr->pid;
        entry->prev_prio                = curr->prio;
        entry->prev_state               = curr->state;
        entry->next_pid                 = wakee->pid;
        entry->next_prio                = wakee->prio;
        entry->next_state               = wakee->state;
        entry->next_cpu                 = task_cpu(wakee);

        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);

        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);
        ftrace_trace_stack(tr, flags, 6, pc);
        ftrace_trace_userstack(tr, flags, pc);
}

void
ftrace_special(unsigned long arg1, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3)
{
        struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
        struct trace_array_cpu *data;
        unsigned long flags;
        int cpu;
        int pc;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return;

        pc = preempt_count();
        local_irq_save(flags);
        cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        data = tr->data[cpu];

        if (likely(atomic_inc_return(&data->disabled) == 1))
                ftrace_trace_special(tr, arg1, arg2, arg3, pc);

        atomic_dec(&data->disabled);
        local_irq_restore(flags);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
int trace_graph_entry(struct ftrace_graph_ent *trace)
{
        struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
        struct trace_array_cpu *data;
        unsigned long flags;
        long disabled;
        int ret;
        int cpu;
        int pc;

        if (!ftrace_trace_task(current))
                return 0;

        if (!ftrace_graph_addr(trace->func))
                return 0;

        local_irq_save(flags);
        cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        data = tr->data[cpu];
        disabled = atomic_inc_return(&data->disabled);
        if (likely(disabled == 1)) {
                pc = preempt_count();
                ret = __trace_graph_entry(tr, trace, flags, pc);
        } else {
                ret = 0;
        }
        /* Only do the atomic if it is not already set */
        if (!test_tsk_trace_graph(current))
                set_tsk_trace_graph(current);

        atomic_dec(&data->disabled);
        local_irq_restore(flags);

        return ret;
}

void trace_graph_return(struct ftrace_graph_ret *trace)
{
        struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
        struct trace_array_cpu *data;
        unsigned long flags;
        long disabled;
        int cpu;
        int pc;

        local_irq_save(flags);
        cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        data = tr->data[cpu];
        disabled = atomic_inc_return(&data->disabled);
        if (likely(disabled == 1)) {
                pc = preempt_count();
                __trace_graph_return(tr, trace, flags, pc);
        }
        if (!trace->depth)
                clear_tsk_trace_graph(current);
        atomic_dec(&data->disabled);
        local_irq_restore(flags);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */


/**
 * trace_vbprintk - write binary msg to tracing buffer
 *
 */
int trace_vbprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list args)
{
        static raw_spinlock_t trace_buf_lock =
                (raw_spinlock_t)__RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
        static u32 trace_buf[TRACE_BUF_SIZE];

        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_bprint;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
        struct trace_array_cpu *data;
        struct bprint_entry *entry;
        unsigned long flags;
        int resched;
        int cpu, len = 0, size, pc;

        if (unlikely(tracing_selftest_running || tracing_disabled))
                return 0;

        /* Don't pollute graph traces with trace_vprintk internals */
        pause_graph_tracing();

        pc = preempt_count();
        resched = ftrace_preempt_disable();
        cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        data = tr->data[cpu];

        if (unlikely(atomic_read(&data->disabled)))
                goto out;

        /* Lockdep uses trace_printk for lock tracing */
        local_irq_save(flags);
        __raw_spin_lock(&trace_buf_lock);
        len = vbin_printf(trace_buf, TRACE_BUF_SIZE, fmt, args);

        if (len > TRACE_BUF_SIZE || len < 0)
                goto out_unlock;

        size = sizeof(*entry) + sizeof(u32) * len;
        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_BPRINT, size, flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                goto out_unlock;
        entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->ip                       = ip;
        entry->fmt                      = fmt;

        memcpy(entry->buf, trace_buf, sizeof(u32) * len);
        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);

out_unlock:
        __raw_spin_unlock(&trace_buf_lock);
        local_irq_restore(flags);

out:
        ftrace_preempt_enable(resched);
        unpause_graph_tracing();

        return len;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_vbprintk);

int trace_vprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list args)
{
        static raw_spinlock_t trace_buf_lock = __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
        static char trace_buf[TRACE_BUF_SIZE];

        struct ftrace_event_call *call = &event_print;
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
        struct trace_array_cpu *data;
        int cpu, len = 0, size, pc;
        struct print_entry *entry;
        unsigned long irq_flags;

        if (tracing_disabled || tracing_selftest_running)
                return 0;

        pc = preempt_count();
        preempt_disable_notrace();
        cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        data = tr->data[cpu];

        if (unlikely(atomic_read(&data->disabled)))
                goto out;

        pause_graph_tracing();
        raw_local_irq_save(irq_flags);
        __raw_spin_lock(&trace_buf_lock);
        len = vsnprintf(trace_buf, TRACE_BUF_SIZE, fmt, args);

        len = min(len, TRACE_BUF_SIZE-1);
        trace_buf[len] = 0;

        size = sizeof(*entry) + len + 1;
        event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(tr, TRACE_PRINT, size, irq_flags, pc);
        if (!event)
                goto out_unlock;
        entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
        entry->ip                       = ip;

        memcpy(&entry->buf, trace_buf, len);
        entry->buf[len] = 0;
        filter_check_discard(call, entry, event);
        ring_buffer_unlock_commit(tr->buffer, event);

 out_unlock:
        __raw_spin_unlock(&trace_buf_lock);
        raw_local_irq_restore(irq_flags);
        unpause_graph_tracing();
 out:
        preempt_enable_notrace();

        return len;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_vprintk);

enum trace_file_type {
        TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT      = 1,
        TRACE_FILE_ANNOTATE     = 2,
};

static void trace_iterator_increment(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        /* Don't allow ftrace to trace into the ring buffers */
        ftrace_disable_cpu();

        iter->idx++;
        if (iter->buffer_iter[iter->cpu])
                ring_buffer_read(iter->buffer_iter[iter->cpu], NULL);

        ftrace_enable_cpu();
}

static struct trace_entry *
peek_next_entry(struct trace_iterator *iter, int cpu, u64 *ts)
{
        struct ring_buffer_event *event;
        struct ring_buffer_iter *buf_iter = iter->buffer_iter[cpu];

        /* Don't allow ftrace to trace into the ring buffers */
        ftrace_disable_cpu();

        if (buf_iter)
                event = ring_buffer_iter_peek(buf_iter, ts);
        else
                event = ring_buffer_peek(iter->tr->buffer, cpu, ts);

        ftrace_enable_cpu();

        return event ? ring_buffer_event_data(event) : NULL;
}

static struct trace_entry *
__find_next_entry(struct trace_iterator *iter, int *ent_cpu, u64 *ent_ts)
{
        struct ring_buffer *buffer = iter->tr->buffer;
        struct trace_entry *ent, *next = NULL;
        int cpu_file = iter->cpu_file;
        u64 next_ts = 0, ts;
        int next_cpu = -1;
        int cpu;

        /*
         * If we are in a per_cpu trace file, don't bother by iterating over
         * all cpu and peek directly.
         */
        if (cpu_file > TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU) {
                if (ring_buffer_empty_cpu(buffer, cpu_file))
                        return NULL;
                ent = peek_next_entry(iter, cpu_file, ent_ts);
                if (ent_cpu)
                        *ent_cpu = cpu_file;

                return ent;
        }

        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {

                if (ring_buffer_empty_cpu(buffer, cpu))
                        continue;

                ent = peek_next_entry(iter, cpu, &ts);

                /*
                 * Pick the entry with the smallest timestamp:
                 */
                if (ent && (!next || ts < next_ts)) {
                        next = ent;
                        next_cpu = cpu;
                        next_ts = ts;
                }
        }

        if (ent_cpu)
                *ent_cpu = next_cpu;

        if (ent_ts)
                *ent_ts = next_ts;

        return next;
}

/* Find the next real entry, without updating the iterator itself */
struct trace_entry *trace_find_next_entry(struct trace_iterator *iter,
                                          int *ent_cpu, u64 *ent_ts)
{
        return __find_next_entry(iter, ent_cpu, ent_ts);
}

/* Find the next real entry, and increment the iterator to the next entry */
static void *find_next_entry_inc(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        iter->ent = __find_next_entry(iter, &iter->cpu, &iter->ts);

        if (iter->ent)
                trace_iterator_increment(iter);

        return iter->ent ? iter : NULL;
}

static void trace_consume(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        /* Don't allow ftrace to trace into the ring buffers */
        ftrace_disable_cpu();
        ring_buffer_consume(iter->tr->buffer, iter->cpu, &iter->ts);
        ftrace_enable_cpu();
}

static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;
        int i = (int)*pos;
        void *ent;

        (*pos)++;

        /* can't go backwards */
        if (iter->idx > i)
                return NULL;

        if (iter->idx < 0)
                ent = find_next_entry_inc(iter);
        else
                ent = iter;

        while (ent && iter->idx < i)
                ent = find_next_entry_inc(iter);

        iter->pos = *pos;

        return ent;
}

/*
 * No necessary locking here. The worst thing which can
 * happen is loosing events consumed at the same time
 * by a trace_pipe reader.
 * Other than that, we don't risk to crash the ring buffer
 * because it serializes the readers.
 *
 * The current tracer is copied to avoid a global locking
 * all around.
 */
static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;
        static struct tracer *old_tracer;
        int cpu_file = iter->cpu_file;
        void *p = NULL;
        loff_t l = 0;
        int cpu;

        /* copy the tracer to avoid using a global lock all around */
        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (unlikely(old_tracer != current_trace && current_trace)) {
                old_tracer = current_trace;
                *iter->trace = *current_trace;
        }
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        atomic_inc(&trace_record_cmdline_disabled);

        if (*pos != iter->pos) {
                iter->ent = NULL;
                iter->cpu = 0;
                iter->idx = -1;

                ftrace_disable_cpu();

                if (cpu_file == TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU) {
                        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu)
                                ring_buffer_iter_reset(iter->buffer_iter[cpu]);
                } else
                        ring_buffer_iter_reset(iter->buffer_iter[cpu_file]);


                ftrace_enable_cpu();

                for (p = iter; p && l < *pos; p = s_next(m, p, &l))
                        ;

        } else {
                l = *pos - 1;
                p = s_next(m, p, &l);
        }

        return p;
}

static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
        atomic_dec(&trace_record_cmdline_disabled);
}

static void print_lat_help_header(struct seq_file *m)
{
        seq_puts(m, "#                  _------=> CPU#            \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#                 / _-----=> irqs-off        \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#                | / _----=> need-resched    \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#                || / _---=> hardirq/softirq \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#                ||| / _--=> preempt-depth   \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#                |||| /                      \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#                |||||     delay             \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#  cmd     pid   ||||| time  |   caller      \n");
        seq_puts(m, "#     \\   /      |||||   \\   |   /           \n");
}

static void print_func_help_header(struct seq_file *m)
{
        seq_puts(m, "#           TASK-PID    CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION\n");
        seq_puts(m, "#              | |       |          |         |\n");
}


static void
print_trace_header(struct seq_file *m, struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        unsigned long sym_flags = (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_SYM_MASK);
        struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
        struct trace_array_cpu *data = tr->data[tr->cpu];
        struct tracer *type = current_trace;
        unsigned long total;
        unsigned long entries;
        const char *name = "preemption";

        if (type)
                name = type->name;

        entries = ring_buffer_entries(iter->tr->buffer);
        total = entries +
                ring_buffer_overruns(iter->tr->buffer);

        seq_printf(m, "# %s latency trace v1.1.5 on %s\n",
                   name, UTS_RELEASE);
        seq_puts(m, "# -----------------------------------"
                 "---------------------------------\n");
        seq_printf(m, "# latency: %lu us, #%lu/%lu, CPU#%d |"
                   " (M:%s VP:%d, KP:%d, SP:%d HP:%d",
                   nsecs_to_usecs(data->saved_latency),
                   entries,
                   total,
                   tr->cpu,
#if defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE)
                   "server",
#elif defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY)
                   "desktop",
#elif defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT)
                   "preempt",
#else
                   "unknown",
#endif
                   /* These are reserved for later use */
                   0, 0, 0, 0);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
        seq_printf(m, " #P:%d)\n", num_online_cpus());
#else
        seq_puts(m, ")\n");
#endif
        seq_puts(m, "#    -----------------\n");
        seq_printf(m, "#    | task: %.16s-%d "
                   "(uid:%d nice:%ld policy:%ld rt_prio:%ld)\n",
                   data->comm, data->pid, data->uid, data->nice,
                   data->policy, data->rt_priority);
        seq_puts(m, "#    -----------------\n");

        if (data->critical_start) {
                seq_puts(m, "#  => started at: ");
                seq_print_ip_sym(&iter->seq, data->critical_start, sym_flags);
                trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);
                seq_puts(m, "\n#  => ended at:   ");
                seq_print_ip_sym(&iter->seq, data->critical_end, sym_flags);
                trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);
                seq_puts(m, "#\n");
        }

        seq_puts(m, "#\n");
}

static void test_cpu_buff_start(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;

        if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_ANNOTATE))
                return;

        if (!(iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_ANNOTATE))
                return;

        if (cpumask_test_cpu(iter->cpu, iter->started))
                return;

        cpumask_set_cpu(iter->cpu, iter->started);

        /* Don't print started cpu buffer for the first entry of the trace */
        if (iter->idx > 1)
                trace_seq_printf(s, "##### CPU %u buffer started ####\n",
                                iter->cpu);
}

static enum print_line_t print_trace_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
        unsigned long sym_flags = (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_SYM_MASK);
        struct trace_entry *entry;
        struct trace_event *event;

        entry = iter->ent;

        test_cpu_buff_start(iter);

        event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO) {
                if (iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT) {
                        if (!trace_print_lat_context(iter))
                                goto partial;
                } else {
                        if (!trace_print_context(iter))
                                goto partial;
                }
        }

        if (event)
                return event->trace(iter, sym_flags);

        if (!trace_seq_printf(s, "Unknown type %d\n", entry->type))
                goto partial;

        return TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED;
partial:
        return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;
}

static enum print_line_t print_raw_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
        struct trace_entry *entry;
        struct trace_event *event;

        entry = iter->ent;

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO) {
                if (!trace_seq_printf(s, "%d %d %llu ",
                                      entry->pid, iter->cpu, iter->ts))
                        goto partial;
        }

        event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);
        if (event)
                return event->raw(iter, 0);

        if (!trace_seq_printf(s, "%d ?\n", entry->type))
                goto partial;

        return TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED;
partial:
        return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;
}

static enum print_line_t print_hex_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
        unsigned char newline = '\n';
        struct trace_entry *entry;
        struct trace_event *event;

        entry = iter->ent;

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO) {
                SEQ_PUT_HEX_FIELD_RET(s, entry->pid);
                SEQ_PUT_HEX_FIELD_RET(s, iter->cpu);
                SEQ_PUT_HEX_FIELD_RET(s, iter->ts);
        }

        event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);
        if (event) {
                enum print_line_t ret = event->hex(iter, 0);
                if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED)
                        return ret;
        }

        SEQ_PUT_FIELD_RET(s, newline);

        return TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED;
}

static enum print_line_t print_bin_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
        struct trace_entry *entry;
        struct trace_event *event;

        entry = iter->ent;

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO) {
                SEQ_PUT_FIELD_RET(s, entry->pid);
                SEQ_PUT_FIELD_RET(s, iter->cpu);
                SEQ_PUT_FIELD_RET(s, iter->ts);
        }

        event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);
        return event ? event->binary(iter, 0) : TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED;
}

static int trace_empty(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        int cpu;

        /* If we are looking at one CPU buffer, only check that one */
        if (iter->cpu_file != TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU) {
                cpu = iter->cpu_file;
                if (iter->buffer_iter[cpu]) {
                        if (!ring_buffer_iter_empty(iter->buffer_iter[cpu]))
                                return 0;
                } else {
                        if (!ring_buffer_empty_cpu(iter->tr->buffer, cpu))
                                return 0;
                }
                return 1;
        }

        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                if (iter->buffer_iter[cpu]) {
                        if (!ring_buffer_iter_empty(iter->buffer_iter[cpu]))
                                return 0;
                } else {
                        if (!ring_buffer_empty_cpu(iter->tr->buffer, cpu))
                                return 0;
                }
        }

        return 1;
}

static enum print_line_t print_trace_line(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        enum print_line_t ret;

        if (iter->trace && iter->trace->print_line) {
                ret = iter->trace->print_line(iter);
                if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_UNHANDLED)
                        return ret;
        }

        if (iter->ent->type == TRACE_BPRINT &&
                        trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_PRINTK &&
                        trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_PRINTK_MSGONLY)
                return trace_print_bprintk_msg_only(iter);

        if (iter->ent->type == TRACE_PRINT &&
                        trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_PRINTK &&
                        trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_PRINTK_MSGONLY)
                return trace_print_printk_msg_only(iter);

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_BIN)
                return print_bin_fmt(iter);

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_HEX)
                return print_hex_fmt(iter);

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_RAW)
                return print_raw_fmt(iter);

        return print_trace_fmt(iter);
}

static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = v;

        if (iter->ent == NULL) {
                if (iter->tr) {
                        seq_printf(m, "# tracer: %s\n", iter->trace->name);
                        seq_puts(m, "#\n");
                }
                if (iter->trace && iter->trace->print_header)
                        iter->trace->print_header(m);
                else if (iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT) {
                        /* print nothing if the buffers are empty */
                        if (trace_empty(iter))
                                return 0;
                        print_trace_header(m, iter);
                        if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_VERBOSE))
                                print_lat_help_header(m);
                } else {
                        if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_VERBOSE))
                                print_func_help_header(m);
                }
        } else {
                print_trace_line(iter);
                trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);
        }

        return 0;
}

static struct seq_operations tracer_seq_ops = {
        .start          = s_start,
        .next           = s_next,
        .stop           = s_stop,
        .show           = s_show,
};

static struct trace_iterator *
__tracing_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        long cpu_file = (long) inode->i_private;
        void *fail_ret = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
        struct trace_iterator *iter;
        struct seq_file *m;
        int cpu, ret;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);

        iter = kzalloc(sizeof(*iter), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!iter)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        /*
         * We make a copy of the current tracer to avoid concurrent
         * changes on it while we are reading.
         */
        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        iter->trace = kzalloc(sizeof(*iter->trace), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!iter->trace)
                goto fail;

        if (current_trace)
                *iter->trace = *current_trace;

        if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&iter->started, GFP_KERNEL))
                goto fail;

        cpumask_clear(iter->started);

        if (current_trace && current_trace->print_max)
                iter->tr = &max_tr;
        else
                iter->tr = &global_trace;
        iter->pos = -1;
        mutex_init(&iter->mutex);
        iter->cpu_file = cpu_file;

        /* Notify the tracer early; before we stop tracing. */
        if (iter->trace && iter->trace->open)
                iter->trace->open(iter);

        /* Annotate start of buffers if we had overruns */
        if (ring_buffer_overruns(iter->tr->buffer))
                iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_ANNOTATE;

        if (iter->cpu_file == TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU) {
                for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {

                        iter->buffer_iter[cpu] =
                                ring_buffer_read_start(iter->tr->buffer, cpu);
                }
        } else {
                cpu = iter->cpu_file;
                iter->buffer_iter[cpu] =
                                ring_buffer_read_start(iter->tr->buffer, cpu);
        }

        /* TODO stop tracer */
        ret = seq_open(file, &tracer_seq_ops);
        if (ret < 0) {
                fail_ret = ERR_PTR(ret);
                goto fail_buffer;
        }

        m = file->private_data;
        m->private = iter;

        /* stop the trace while dumping */
        tracing_stop();

        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        return iter;

 fail_buffer:
        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                if (iter->buffer_iter[cpu])
                        ring_buffer_read_finish(iter->buffer_iter[cpu]);
        }
        free_cpumask_var(iter->started);
 fail:
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
        kfree(iter->trace);
        kfree(iter);

        return fail_ret;
}

int tracing_open_generic(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
        if (tracing_disabled)
                return -ENODEV;

        filp->private_data = inode->i_private;
        return 0;
}

static int tracing_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        struct seq_file *m = (struct seq_file *)file->private_data;
        struct trace_iterator *iter;
        int cpu;

        if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
                return 0;

        iter = m->private;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                if (iter->buffer_iter[cpu])
                        ring_buffer_read_finish(iter->buffer_iter[cpu]);
        }

        if (iter->trace && iter->trace->close)
                iter->trace->close(iter);

        /* reenable tracing if it was previously enabled */
        tracing_start();
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        seq_release(inode, file);
        mutex_destroy(&iter->mutex);
        free_cpumask_var(iter->started);
        kfree(iter->trace);
        kfree(iter);
        return 0;
}

static int tracing_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter;
        int ret = 0;

        /* If this file was open for write, then erase contents */
        if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) &&
            !(file->f_flags & O_APPEND)) {
                long cpu = (long) inode->i_private;

                if (cpu == TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU)
                        tracing_reset_online_cpus(&global_trace);
                else
                        tracing_reset(&global_trace, cpu);
        }

        if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
                iter = __tracing_open(inode, file);
                if (IS_ERR(iter))
                        ret = PTR_ERR(iter);
                else if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_LATENCY_FMT)
                        iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT;
        }
        return ret;
}

static void *
t_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
        struct tracer *t = m->private;

        (*pos)++;

        if (t)
                t = t->next;

        m->private = t;

        return t;
}

static void *t_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
        struct tracer *t = m->private;
        loff_t l = 0;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        for (; t && l < *pos; t = t_next(m, t, &l))
                ;

        return t;
}

static void t_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
}

static int t_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
        struct tracer *t = v;

        if (!t)
                return 0;

        seq_printf(m, "%s", t->name);
        if (t->next)
                seq_putc(m, ' ');
        else
                seq_putc(m, '\n');

        return 0;
}

static struct seq_operations show_traces_seq_ops = {
        .start          = t_start,
        .next           = t_next,
        .stop           = t_stop,
        .show           = t_show,
};

static int show_traces_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        int ret;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return -ENODEV;

        ret = seq_open(file, &show_traces_seq_ops);
        if (!ret) {
                struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
                m->private = trace_types;
        }

        return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_write_stub(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                   size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        return count;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open,
        .read           = seq_read,
        .write          = tracing_write_stub,
        .llseek         = seq_lseek,
        .release        = tracing_release,
};

static const struct file_operations show_traces_fops = {
        .open           = show_traces_open,
        .read           = seq_read,
        .release        = seq_release,
};

/*
 * Only trace on a CPU if the bitmask is set:
 */
static cpumask_var_t tracing_cpumask;

/*
 * The tracer itself will not take this lock, but still we want
 * to provide a consistent cpumask to user-space:
 */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(tracing_cpumask_update_lock);

/*
 * Temporary storage for the character representation of the
 * CPU bitmask (and one more byte for the newline):
 */
static char mask_str[NR_CPUS + 1];

static ssize_t
tracing_cpumask_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        int len;

        mutex_lock(&tracing_cpumask_update_lock);

        len = cpumask_scnprintf(mask_str, count, tracing_cpumask);
        if (count - len < 2) {
                count = -EINVAL;
                goto out_err;
        }
        len += sprintf(mask_str + len, "\n");
        count = simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, count, ppos, mask_str, NR_CPUS+1);

out_err:
        mutex_unlock(&tracing_cpumask_update_lock);

        return count;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_cpumask_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        int err, cpu;
        cpumask_var_t tracing_cpumask_new;

        if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&tracing_cpumask_new, GFP_KERNEL))
                return -ENOMEM;

        mutex_lock(&tracing_cpumask_update_lock);
        err = cpumask_parse_user(ubuf, count, tracing_cpumask_new);
        if (err)
                goto err_unlock;

        local_irq_disable();
        __raw_spin_lock(&ftrace_max_lock);
        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                /*
                 * Increase/decrease the disabled counter if we are
                 * about to flip a bit in the cpumask:
                 */
                if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tracing_cpumask) &&
                                !cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tracing_cpumask_new)) {
                        atomic_inc(&global_trace.data[cpu]->disabled);
                }
                if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tracing_cpumask) &&
                                cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tracing_cpumask_new)) {
                        atomic_dec(&global_trace.data[cpu]->disabled);
                }
        }
        __raw_spin_unlock(&ftrace_max_lock);
        local_irq_enable();

        cpumask_copy(tracing_cpumask, tracing_cpumask_new);

        mutex_unlock(&tracing_cpumask_update_lock);
        free_cpumask_var(tracing_cpumask_new);

        return count;

err_unlock:
        mutex_unlock(&tracing_cpumask_update_lock);
        free_cpumask_var(tracing_cpumask);

        return err;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_cpumask_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_cpumask_read,
        .write          = tracing_cpumask_write,
};

static ssize_t
tracing_trace_options_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct tracer_opt *trace_opts;
        u32 tracer_flags;
        int len = 0;
        char *buf;
        int r = 0;
        int i;


        /* calculate max size */
        for (i = 0; trace_options[i]; i++) {
                len += strlen(trace_options[i]);
                len += 3; /* "no" and newline */
        }

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        tracer_flags = current_trace->flags->val;
        trace_opts = current_trace->flags->opts;

        /*
         * Increase the size with names of options specific
         * of the current tracer.
         */
        for (i = 0; trace_opts[i].name; i++) {
                len += strlen(trace_opts[i].name);
                len += 3; /* "no" and newline */
        }

        /* +2 for \n and \0 */
        buf = kmalloc(len + 2, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!buf) {
                mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        for (i = 0; trace_options[i]; i++) {
                if (trace_flags & (1 << i))
                        r += sprintf(buf + r, "%s\n", trace_options[i]);
                else
                        r += sprintf(buf + r, "no%s\n", trace_options[i]);
        }

        for (i = 0; trace_opts[i].name; i++) {
                if (tracer_flags & trace_opts[i].bit)
                        r += sprintf(buf + r, "%s\n",
                                trace_opts[i].name);
                else
                        r += sprintf(buf + r, "no%s\n",
                                trace_opts[i].name);
        }
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        WARN_ON(r >= len + 2);

        r = simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);

        kfree(buf);
        return r;
}

/* Try to assign a tracer specific option */
static int set_tracer_option(struct tracer *trace, char *cmp, int neg)
{
        struct tracer_flags *trace_flags = trace->flags;
        struct tracer_opt *opts = NULL;
        int ret = 0, i = 0;
        int len;

        for (i = 0; trace_flags->opts[i].name; i++) {
                opts = &trace_flags->opts[i];
                len = strlen(opts->name);

                if (strncmp(cmp, opts->name, len) == 0) {
                        ret = trace->set_flag(trace_flags->val,
                                opts->bit, !neg);
                        break;
                }
        }
        /* Not found */
        if (!trace_flags->opts[i].name)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Refused to handle */
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        if (neg)
                trace_flags->val &= ~opts->bit;
        else
                trace_flags->val |= opts->bit;

        return 0;
}

static void set_tracer_flags(unsigned int mask, int enabled)
{
        /* do nothing if flag is already set */
        if (!!(trace_flags & mask) == !!enabled)
                return;

        if (enabled)
                trace_flags |= mask;
        else
                trace_flags &= ~mask;

        if (mask == TRACE_ITER_GLOBAL_CLK) {
                u64 (*func)(void);

                if (enabled)
                        func = trace_clock_global;
                else
                        func = trace_clock_local;

                mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
                ring_buffer_set_clock(global_trace.buffer, func);

                if (max_tr.buffer)
                        ring_buffer_set_clock(max_tr.buffer, func);
                mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
        }
}

static ssize_t
tracing_trace_options_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                        size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        char buf[64];
        char *cmp = buf;
        int neg = 0;
        int ret;
        int i;

        if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        if (strncmp(buf, "no", 2) == 0) {
                neg = 1;
                cmp += 2;
        }

        for (i = 0; trace_options[i]; i++) {
                int len = strlen(trace_options[i]);

                if (strncmp(cmp, trace_options[i], len) == 0) {
                        set_tracer_flags(1 << i, !neg);
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* If no option could be set, test the specific tracer options */
        if (!trace_options[i]) {
                mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
                ret = set_tracer_option(current_trace, cmp, neg);
                mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        filp->f_pos += cnt;

        return cnt;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_iter_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_trace_options_read,
        .write          = tracing_trace_options_write,
};

static const char readme_msg[] =
        "tracing mini-HOWTO:\n\n"
        "# mkdir /debug\n"
        "# mount -t debugfs nodev /debug\n\n"
        "# cat /debug/tracing/available_tracers\n"
        "wakeup preemptirqsoff preemptoff irqsoff function sched_switch nop\n\n"
        "# cat /debug/tracing/current_tracer\n"
        "nop\n"
        "# echo sched_switch > /debug/tracing/current_tracer\n"
        "# cat /debug/tracing/current_tracer\n"
        "sched_switch\n"
        "# cat /debug/tracing/trace_options\n"
        "noprint-parent nosym-offset nosym-addr noverbose\n"
        "# echo print-parent > /debug/tracing/trace_options\n"
        "# echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled\n"
        "# cat /debug/tracing/trace > /tmp/trace.txt\n"
        "echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled\n"
;

static ssize_t
tracing_readme_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos,
                                        readme_msg, strlen(readme_msg));
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_readme_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_readme_read,
};

static ssize_t
tracing_ctrl_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        char buf[64];
        int r;

        r = sprintf(buf, "%u\n", tracer_enabled);
        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_ctrl_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                   size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
        char buf[64];
        unsigned long val;
        int ret;

        if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        ret = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &val);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        val = !!val;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (tracer_enabled ^ val) {
                if (val) {
                        tracer_enabled = 1;
                        if (current_trace->start)
                                current_trace->start(tr);
                        tracing_start();
                } else {
                        tracer_enabled = 0;
                        tracing_stop();
                        if (current_trace->stop)
                                current_trace->stop(tr);
                }
        }
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        filp->f_pos += cnt;

        return cnt;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_set_trace_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        char buf[max_tracer_type_len+2];
        int r;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (current_trace)
                r = sprintf(buf, "%s\n", current_trace->name);
        else
                r = sprintf(buf, "\n");
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

int tracer_init(struct tracer *t, struct trace_array *tr)
{
        tracing_reset_online_cpus(tr);
        return t->init(tr);
}

static int tracing_resize_ring_buffer(unsigned long size)
{
        int ret;

        /*
         * If kernel or user changes the size of the ring buffer
         * we use the size that was given, and we can forget about
         * expanding it later.
         */
        ring_buffer_expanded = 1;

        ret = ring_buffer_resize(global_trace.buffer, size);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        ret = ring_buffer_resize(max_tr.buffer, size);
        if (ret < 0) {
                int r;

                r = ring_buffer_resize(global_trace.buffer,
                                       global_trace.entries);
                if (r < 0) {
                        /*
                         * AARGH! We are left with different
                         * size max buffer!!!!
                         * The max buffer is our "snapshot" buffer.
                         * When a tracer needs a snapshot (one of the
                         * latency tracers), it swaps the max buffer
                         * with the saved snap shot. We succeeded to
                         * update the size of the main buffer, but failed to
                         * update the size of the max buffer. But when we tried
                         * to reset the main buffer to the original size, we
                         * failed there too. This is very unlikely to
                         * happen, but if it does, warn and kill all
                         * tracing.
                         */
                        WARN_ON(1);
                        tracing_disabled = 1;
                }
                return ret;
        }

        global_trace.entries = size;

        return ret;
}

/**
 * tracing_update_buffers - used by tracing facility to expand ring buffers
 *
 * To save on memory when the tracing is never used on a system with it
 * configured in. The ring buffers are set to a minimum size. But once
 * a user starts to use the tracing facility, then they need to grow
 * to their default size.
 *
 * This function is to be called when a tracer is about to be used.
 */
int tracing_update_buffers(void)
{
        int ret = 0;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (!ring_buffer_expanded)
                ret = tracing_resize_ring_buffer(trace_buf_size);
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        return ret;
}

struct trace_option_dentry;

static struct trace_option_dentry *
create_trace_option_files(struct tracer *tracer);

static void
destroy_trace_option_files(struct trace_option_dentry *topts);

static int tracing_set_tracer(const char *buf)
{
        static struct trace_option_dentry *topts;
        struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
        struct tracer *t;
        int ret = 0;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

        if (!ring_buffer_expanded) {
                ret = tracing_resize_ring_buffer(trace_buf_size);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
                ret = 0;
        }

        for (t = trace_types; t; t = t->next) {
                if (strcmp(t->name, buf) == 0)
                        break;
        }
        if (!t) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto out;
        }
        if (t == current_trace)
                goto out;

        trace_branch_disable();
        if (current_trace && current_trace->reset)
                current_trace->reset(tr);

        destroy_trace_option_files(topts);

        current_trace = t;

        topts = create_trace_option_files(current_trace);

        if (t->init) {
                ret = tracer_init(t, tr);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }

        trace_branch_enable(tr);
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_set_trace_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                        size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        char buf[max_tracer_type_len+1];
        int i;
        size_t ret;
        int err;

        ret = cnt;

        if (cnt > max_tracer_type_len)
                cnt = max_tracer_type_len;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        /* strip ending whitespace. */
        for (i = cnt - 1; i > 0 && isspace(buf[i]); i--)
                buf[i] = 0;

        err = tracing_set_tracer(buf);
        if (err)
                return err;

        filp->f_pos += ret;

        return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_max_lat_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                     size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        unsigned long *ptr = filp->private_data;
        char buf[64];
        int r;

        r = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld\n",
                     *ptr == (unsigned long)-1 ? -1 : nsecs_to_usecs(*ptr));
        if (r > sizeof(buf))
                r = sizeof(buf);
        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_max_lat_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                      size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        unsigned long *ptr = filp->private_data;
        char buf[64];
        unsigned long val;
        int ret;

        if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        ret = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &val);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        *ptr = val * 1000;

        return cnt;
}

static int tracing_open_pipe(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
        long cpu_file = (long) inode->i_private;
        struct trace_iterator *iter;
        int ret = 0;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return -ENODEV;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

        /* We only allow one reader per cpu */
        if (cpu_file == TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU) {
                if (!cpumask_empty(tracing_reader_cpumask)) {
                        ret = -EBUSY;
                        goto out;
                }
                cpumask_setall(tracing_reader_cpumask);
        } else {
                if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu_file, tracing_reader_cpumask))
                        cpumask_set_cpu(cpu_file, tracing_reader_cpumask);
                else {
                        ret = -EBUSY;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* create a buffer to store the information to pass to userspace */
        iter = kzalloc(sizeof(*iter), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!iter) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * We make a copy of the current tracer to avoid concurrent
         * changes on it while we are reading.
         */
        iter->trace = kmalloc(sizeof(*iter->trace), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!iter->trace) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto fail;
        }
        if (current_trace)
                *iter->trace = *current_trace;

        if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&iter->started, GFP_KERNEL)) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto fail;
        }

        /* trace pipe does not show start of buffer */
        cpumask_setall(iter->started);

        iter->cpu_file = cpu_file;
        iter->tr = &global_trace;
        mutex_init(&iter->mutex);
        filp->private_data = iter;

        if (iter->trace->pipe_open)
                iter->trace->pipe_open(iter);

out:
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
        return ret;

fail:
        kfree(iter->trace);
        kfree(iter);
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
        return ret;
}

static int tracing_release_pipe(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = file->private_data;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

        if (iter->cpu_file == TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU)
                cpumask_clear(tracing_reader_cpumask);
        else
                cpumask_clear_cpu(iter->cpu_file, tracing_reader_cpumask);

        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        free_cpumask_var(iter->started);
        mutex_destroy(&iter->mutex);
        kfree(iter->trace);
        kfree(iter);

        return 0;
}

static unsigned int
tracing_poll_pipe(struct file *filp, poll_table *poll_table)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;

        if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_BLOCK) {
                /*
                 * Always select as readable when in blocking mode
                 */
                return POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
        } else {
                if (!trace_empty(iter))
                        return POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
                poll_wait(filp, &trace_wait, poll_table);
                if (!trace_empty(iter))
                        return POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;

                return 0;
        }
}


void default_wait_pipe(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        DEFINE_WAIT(wait);

        prepare_to_wait(&trace_wait, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);

        if (trace_empty(iter))
                schedule();

        finish_wait(&trace_wait, &wait);
}

/*
 * This is a make-shift waitqueue.
 * A tracer might use this callback on some rare cases:
 *
 *  1) the current tracer might hold the runqueue lock when it wakes up
 *     a reader, hence a deadlock (sched, function, and function graph tracers)
 *  2) the function tracers, trace all functions, we don't want
 *     the overhead of calling wake_up and friends
 *     (and tracing them too)
 *
 *     Anyway, this is really very primitive wakeup.
 */
void poll_wait_pipe(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
        /* sleep for 100 msecs, and try again. */
        schedule_timeout(HZ / 10);
}

/* Must be called with trace_types_lock mutex held. */
static int tracing_wait_pipe(struct file *filp)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;

        while (trace_empty(iter)) {

                if ((filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)) {
                        return -EAGAIN;
                }

                mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);

                iter->trace->wait_pipe(iter);

                mutex_lock(&iter->mutex);

                if (signal_pending(current))
                        return -EINTR;

                /*
                 * We block until we read something and tracing is disabled.
                 * We still block if tracing is disabled, but we have never
                 * read anything. This allows a user to cat this file, and
                 * then enable tracing. But after we have read something,
                 * we give an EOF when tracing is again disabled.
                 *
                 * iter->pos will be 0 if we haven't read anything.
                 */
                if (!tracer_enabled && iter->pos)
                        break;
        }

        return 1;
}

/*
 * Consumer reader.
 */
static ssize_t
tracing_read_pipe(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;
        static struct tracer *old_tracer;
        ssize_t sret;

        /* return any leftover data */
        sret = trace_seq_to_user(&iter->seq, ubuf, cnt);
        if (sret != -EBUSY)
                return sret;

        trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);

        /* copy the tracer to avoid using a global lock all around */
        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (unlikely(old_tracer != current_trace && current_trace)) {
                old_tracer = current_trace;
                *iter->trace = *current_trace;
        }
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        /*
         * Avoid more than one consumer on a single file descriptor
         * This is just a matter of traces coherency, the ring buffer itself
         * is protected.
         */
        mutex_lock(&iter->mutex);
        if (iter->trace->read) {
                sret = iter->trace->read(iter, filp, ubuf, cnt, ppos);
                if (sret)
                        goto out;
        }

waitagain:
        sret = tracing_wait_pipe(filp);
        if (sret <= 0)
                goto out;

        /* stop when tracing is finished */
        if (trace_empty(iter)) {
                sret = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        if (cnt >= PAGE_SIZE)
                cnt = PAGE_SIZE - 1;

        /* reset all but tr, trace, and overruns */
        memset(&iter->seq, 0,
               sizeof(struct trace_iterator) -
               offsetof(struct trace_iterator, seq));
        iter->pos = -1;

        while (find_next_entry_inc(iter) != NULL) {
                enum print_line_t ret;
                int len = iter->seq.len;

                ret = print_trace_line(iter);
                if (ret == TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE) {
                        /* don't print partial lines */
                        iter->seq.len = len;
                        break;
                }
                if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_NO_CONSUME)
                        trace_consume(iter);

                if (iter->seq.len >= cnt)
                        break;
        }

        /* Now copy what we have to the user */
        sret = trace_seq_to_user(&iter->seq, ubuf, cnt);
        if (iter->seq.readpos >= iter->seq.len)
                trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);

        /*
         * If there was nothing to send to user, inspite of consuming trace
         * entries, go back to wait for more entries.
         */
        if (sret == -EBUSY)
                goto waitagain;

out:
        mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);

        return sret;
}

static void tracing_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
                                     struct pipe_buffer *buf)
{
        __free_page(buf->page);
}

static void tracing_spd_release_pipe(struct splice_pipe_desc *spd,
                                     unsigned int idx)
{
        __free_page(spd->pages[idx]);
}

static struct pipe_buf_operations tracing_pipe_buf_ops = {
        .can_merge              = 0,
        .map                    = generic_pipe_buf_map,
        .unmap                  = generic_pipe_buf_unmap,
        .confirm                = generic_pipe_buf_confirm,
        .release                = tracing_pipe_buf_release,
        .steal                  = generic_pipe_buf_steal,
        .get                    = generic_pipe_buf_get,
};

static size_t
tracing_fill_pipe_page(size_t rem, struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
        size_t count;
        int ret;

        /* Seq buffer is page-sized, exactly what we need. */
        for (;;) {
                count = iter->seq.len;
                ret = print_trace_line(iter);
                count = iter->seq.len - count;
                if (rem < count) {
                        rem = 0;
                        iter->seq.len -= count;
                        break;
                }
                if (ret == TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE) {
                        iter->seq.len -= count;
                        break;
                }

                trace_consume(iter);
                rem -= count;
                if (!find_next_entry_inc(iter)) {
                        rem = 0;
                        iter->ent = NULL;
                        break;
                }
        }

        return rem;
}

static ssize_t tracing_splice_read_pipe(struct file *filp,
                                        loff_t *ppos,
                                        struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
                                        size_t len,
                                        unsigned int flags)
{
        struct page *pages[PIPE_BUFFERS];
        struct partial_page partial[PIPE_BUFFERS];
        struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;
        struct splice_pipe_desc spd = {
                .pages          = pages,
                .partial        = partial,
                .nr_pages       = 0, /* This gets updated below. */
                .flags          = flags,
                .ops            = &tracing_pipe_buf_ops,
                .spd_release    = tracing_spd_release_pipe,
        };
        static struct tracer *old_tracer;
        ssize_t ret;
        size_t rem;
        unsigned int i;

        /* copy the tracer to avoid using a global lock all around */
        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (unlikely(old_tracer != current_trace && current_trace)) {
                old_tracer = current_trace;
                *iter->trace = *current_trace;
        }
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        mutex_lock(&iter->mutex);

        if (iter->trace->splice_read) {
                ret = iter->trace->splice_read(iter, filp,
                                               ppos, pipe, len, flags);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_err;
        }

        ret = tracing_wait_pipe(filp);
        if (ret <= 0)
                goto out_err;

        if (!iter->ent && !find_next_entry_inc(iter)) {
                ret = -EFAULT;
                goto out_err;
        }

        /* Fill as many pages as possible. */
        for (i = 0, rem = len; i < PIPE_BUFFERS && rem; i++) {
                pages[i] = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!pages[i])
                        break;

                rem = tracing_fill_pipe_page(rem, iter);

                /* Copy the data into the page, so we can start over. */
                ret = trace_seq_to_buffer(&iter->seq,
                                          page_address(pages[i]),
                                          iter->seq.len);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        __free_page(pages[i]);
                        break;
                }
                partial[i].offset = 0;
                partial[i].len = iter->seq.len;

                trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);
        }

        mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);

        spd.nr_pages = i;

        return splice_to_pipe(pipe, &spd);

out_err:
        mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);

        return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_entries_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                     size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
        char buf[96];
        int r;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
        if (!ring_buffer_expanded)
                r = sprintf(buf, "%lu (expanded: %lu)\n",
                            tr->entries >> 10,
                            trace_buf_size >> 10);
        else
                r = sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", tr->entries >> 10);
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_entries_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                      size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        unsigned long val;
        char buf[64];
        int ret, cpu;

        if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        ret = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &val);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        /* must have at least 1 entry */
        if (!val)
                return -EINVAL;

        mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

        tracing_stop();

        /* disable all cpu buffers */
        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                if (global_trace.data[cpu])
                        atomic_inc(&global_trace.data[cpu]->disabled);
                if (max_tr.data[cpu])
                        atomic_inc(&max_tr.data[cpu]->disabled);
        }

        /* value is in KB */
        val <<= 10;

        if (val != global_trace.entries) {
                ret = tracing_resize_ring_buffer(val);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        cnt = ret;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        filp->f_pos += cnt;

        /* If check pages failed, return ENOMEM */
        if (tracing_disabled)
                cnt = -ENOMEM;
 out:
        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                if (global_trace.data[cpu])
                        atomic_dec(&global_trace.data[cpu]->disabled);
                if (max_tr.data[cpu])
                        atomic_dec(&max_tr.data[cpu]->disabled);
        }

        tracing_start();
        max_tr.entries = global_trace.entries;
        mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

        return cnt;
}

static int mark_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        int ret;
        va_list args;
        va_start(args, fmt);
        ret = trace_vprintk(0, fmt, args);
        va_end(args);
        return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_mark_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
                                        size_t cnt, loff_t *fpos)
{
        char *buf;
        char *end;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (cnt > TRACE_BUF_SIZE)
                cnt = TRACE_BUF_SIZE;

        buf = kmalloc(cnt + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (buf == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (copy_from_user(buf, ubuf, cnt)) {
                kfree(buf);
                return -EFAULT;
        }

        /* Cut from the first nil or newline. */
        buf[cnt] = '\0';
        end = strchr(buf, '\n');
        if (end)
                *end = '\0';

        cnt = mark_printk("%s\n", buf);
        kfree(buf);
        *fpos += cnt;

        return cnt;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_max_lat_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_max_lat_read,
        .write          = tracing_max_lat_write,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_ctrl_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_ctrl_read,
        .write          = tracing_ctrl_write,
};

static const struct file_operations set_tracer_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_set_trace_read,
        .write          = tracing_set_trace_write,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_pipe_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_pipe,
        .poll           = tracing_poll_pipe,
        .read           = tracing_read_pipe,
        .splice_read    = tracing_splice_read_pipe,
        .release        = tracing_release_pipe,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_entries_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_entries_read,
        .write          = tracing_entries_write,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_mark_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .write          = tracing_mark_write,
};

struct ftrace_buffer_info {
        struct trace_array      *tr;
        void                    *spare;
        int                     cpu;
        unsigned int            read;
};

static int tracing_buffers_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
        int cpu = (int)(long)inode->i_private;
        struct ftrace_buffer_info *info;

        if (tracing_disabled)
                return -ENODEV;

        info = kzalloc(sizeof(*info), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!info)
                return -ENOMEM;

        info->tr        = &global_trace;
        info->cpu       = cpu;
        info->spare     = NULL;
        /* Force reading ring buffer for first read */
        info->read      = (unsigned int)-1;

        filp->private_data = info;

        return nonseekable_open(inode, filp);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_buffers_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = filp->private_data;
        unsigned int pos;
        ssize_t ret;
        size_t size;

        if (!count)
                return 0;

        if (!info->spare)
                info->spare = ring_buffer_alloc_read_page(info->tr->buffer);
        if (!info->spare)
                return -ENOMEM;

        /* Do we have previous read data to read? */
        if (info->read < PAGE_SIZE)
                goto read;

        info->read = 0;

        ret = ring_buffer_read_page(info->tr->buffer,
                                    &info->spare,
                                    count,
                                    info->cpu, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                return 0;

        pos = ring_buffer_page_len(info->spare);

        if (pos < PAGE_SIZE)
                memset(info->spare + pos, 0, PAGE_SIZE - pos);

read:
        size = PAGE_SIZE - info->read;
        if (size > count)
                size = count;

        ret = copy_to_user(ubuf, info->spare + info->read, size);
        if (ret == size)
                return -EFAULT;
        size -= ret;

        *ppos += size;
        info->read += size;

        return size;
}

static int tracing_buffers_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = file->private_data;

        if (info->spare)
                ring_buffer_free_read_page(info->tr->buffer, info->spare);
        kfree(info);

        return 0;
}

struct buffer_ref {
        struct ring_buffer      *buffer;
        void                    *page;
        int                     ref;
};

static void buffer_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
                                    struct pipe_buffer *buf)
{
        struct buffer_ref *ref = (struct buffer_ref *)buf->private;

        if (--ref->ref)
                return;

        ring_buffer_free_read_page(ref->buffer, ref->page);
        kfree(ref);
        buf->private = 0;
}

static int buffer_pipe_buf_steal(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
                                 struct pipe_buffer *buf)
{
        return 1;
}

static void buffer_pipe_buf_get(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
                                struct pipe_buffer *buf)
{
        struct buffer_ref *ref = (struct buffer_ref *)buf->private;

        ref->ref++;
}

/* Pipe buffer operations for a buffer. */
static struct pipe_buf_operations buffer_pipe_buf_ops = {
        .can_merge              = 0,
        .map                    = generic_pipe_buf_map,
        .unmap                  = generic_pipe_buf_unmap,
        .confirm                = generic_pipe_buf_confirm,
        .release                = buffer_pipe_buf_release,
        .steal                  = buffer_pipe_buf_steal,
        .get                    = buffer_pipe_buf_get,
};

/*
 * Callback from splice_to_pipe(), if we need to release some pages
 * at the end of the spd in case we error'ed out in filling the pipe.
 */
static void buffer_spd_release(struct splice_pipe_desc *spd, unsigned int i)
{
        struct buffer_ref *ref =
                (struct buffer_ref *)spd->partial[i].private;

        if (--ref->ref)
                return;

        ring_buffer_free_read_page(ref->buffer, ref->page);
        kfree(ref);
        spd->partial[i].private = 0;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_buffers_splice_read(struct file *file, loff_t *ppos,
                            struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, size_t len,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
        struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = file->private_data;
        struct partial_page partial[PIPE_BUFFERS];
        struct page *pages[PIPE_BUFFERS];
        struct splice_pipe_desc spd = {
                .pages          = pages,
                .partial        = partial,
                .flags          = flags,
                .ops            = &buffer_pipe_buf_ops,
                .spd_release    = buffer_spd_release,
        };
        struct buffer_ref *ref;
        int size, i;
        size_t ret;

        if (*ppos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) {
                WARN_ONCE(1, "Ftrace: previous read must page-align\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (len & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) {
                WARN_ONCE(1, "Ftrace: splice_read should page-align\n");
                if (len < PAGE_SIZE)
                        return -EINVAL;
                len &= PAGE_MASK;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < PIPE_BUFFERS && len; i++, len -= PAGE_SIZE) {
                struct page *page;
                int r;

                ref = kzalloc(sizeof(*ref), GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!ref)
                        break;

                ref->buffer = info->tr->buffer;
                ref->page = ring_buffer_alloc_read_page(ref->buffer);
                if (!ref->page) {
                        kfree(ref);
                        break;
                }

                r = ring_buffer_read_page(ref->buffer, &ref->page,
                                          len, info->cpu, 0);
                if (r < 0) {
                        ring_buffer_free_read_page(ref->buffer,
                                                   ref->page);
                        kfree(ref);
                        break;
                }

                /*
                 * zero out any left over data, this is going to
                 * user land.
                 */
                size = ring_buffer_page_len(ref->page);
                if (size < PAGE_SIZE)
                        memset(ref->page + size, 0, PAGE_SIZE - size);

                page = virt_to_page(ref->page);

                spd.pages[i] = page;
                spd.partial[i].len = PAGE_SIZE;
                spd.partial[i].offset = 0;
                spd.partial[i].private = (unsigned long)ref;
                spd.nr_pages++;
                *ppos += PAGE_SIZE;
        }

        spd.nr_pages = i;

        /* did we read anything? */
        if (!spd.nr_pages) {
                if (flags & SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK)
                        ret = -EAGAIN;
                else
                        ret = 0;
                /* TODO: block */
                return ret;
        }

        ret = splice_to_pipe(pipe, &spd);

        return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_buffers_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_buffers_open,
        .read           = tracing_buffers_read,
        .release        = tracing_buffers_release,
        .splice_read    = tracing_buffers_splice_read,
        .llseek         = no_llseek,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE

int __weak ftrace_arch_read_dyn_info(char *buf, int size)
{
        return 0;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_read_dyn_info(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
                  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
        static char ftrace_dyn_info_buffer[1024];
        static DEFINE_MUTEX(dyn_info_mutex);
        unsigned long *p = filp->private_data;
        char *buf = ftrace_dyn_info_buffer;
        int size = ARRAY_SIZE(ftrace_dyn_info_buffer);
        int r;

        mutex_lock(&dyn_info_mutex);
        r = sprintf(buf, "%ld ", *p);

        r += ftrace_arch_read_dyn_info(buf+r, (size-1)-r);
        buf[r++] = '\n';

        r = simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);

        mutex_unlock(&dyn_info_mutex);

        return r;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_dyn_info_fops = {
        .open           = tracing_open_generic,
        .read           = tracing_read_dyn_info,
};
#endif

static struct dentry *d_tracer;

struct dentry *tracing_init_dentry(void)
{
        static int once;

        if (d_tracer)
                return d_tracer;

        if (!debugfs_initialized())
                return NULL;

        d_tracer = debugfs_create_dir("tracing", NULL);

        if (!d_tracer && !once) {
                once = 1;
                pr_warning("Could not create debugfs directory 'tracing'\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        return d_tracer;
}

static struct dentry *d_percpu;

struct dentry *tracing_dentry_percpu(void)
{
        static int once;
        struct dentry *d_tracer;

        if (d_percpu)
                return d_percpu;

        d_tracer = tracing_init_dentry();

        if (!d_tracer)
                return NULL;

        d_percpu = debugfs_create_dir("per_cpu", d_tracer);

        if (!d_percpu && !once) {
                once = 1;
                pr_warning("Could not create debugfs directory 'per_cpu'\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        return d_percpu;
}

static void tracing_init_debugfs_percpu(long cpu)
{
        struct dentry *d_percpu = tracing_dentry_percpu();
        struct dentry *d_cpu;
        /* strlen(cpu) + MAX(log10(cpu)) + '\0' */
        char cpu_dir[7];

        if (cpu > 999 || cpu < 0)
                return;

        sprintf(cpu_dir, "cpu%ld", cpu);
        d_cpu = debugfs_create_dir(cpu_dir, d_percpu);
        if (!d_cpu) {
                pr_warning("Could not create debugfs '%s' entry\n", cpu_dir);
                return;
        }

        /* per cpu trace_pipe */
        trace_create_file("trace_pipe", 0444, d_cpu,
                        (void *) cpu, &tracing_pipe_fops);

        /* per cpu trace */
        trace_create_file("trace", 0644, d_cpu,
                        (void *) cpu, &tracing_fops);

        trace_create_file("trace_pipe_raw", 0444, d_cpu,
                        (void *) cpu, &tracing_buffers_fops);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_SELFTEST
/* Let selftest have access to static functions in this file */
#include "trace_selftest.c"
#endif

struct trace_option_dentry {
        struct tracer_opt               *opt;
        struct tracer_flags             *flags;
        struct dentry                   *entry;
};

static ssize_t
trace_options_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
                        loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct trace_option_dentry *topt = filp->private_data;
        char *buf;

        if (topt->flags->val & topt->opt->bit)
                buf = "1\n";
        else
                buf = "0\n";

        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, 2);
}

static ssize_t
trace_options_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
                         loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct trace_option_dentry *topt = filp->private_data;
        unsigned long val;
        char buf[64];
        int ret;

        if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        ret = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &val);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        ret = 0;
        switch (val) {
        case 0:
                /* do nothing if already cleared */
                if (!(topt->flags->val & topt->opt->bit))
                        break;

                mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
                if (current_trace->set_flag)
                        ret = current_trace->set_flag(topt->flags->val,
                                                      topt->opt->bit, 0);
                mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                topt->flags->val &= ~topt->opt->bit;
                break;
        case 1:
                /* do nothing if already set */
                if (topt->flags->val & topt->opt->bit)
                        break;

                mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
                if (current_trace->set_flag)
                        ret = current_trace->set_flag(topt->flags->val,
                                                      topt->opt->bit, 1);
                mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                topt->flags->val |= topt->opt->bit;
                break;

        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        *ppos += cnt;

        return cnt;
}


static const struct file_operations trace_options_fops = {
        .open = tracing_open_generic,
        .read = trace_options_read,
        .write = trace_options_write,
};

static ssize_t
trace_options_core_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
                        loff_t *ppos)
{
        long index = (long)filp->private_data;
        char *buf;

        if (trace_flags & (1 << index))
                buf = "1\n";
        else
                buf = "0\n";

        return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, 2);
}

static ssize_t
trace_options_core_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
                         loff_t *ppos)
{
        long index = (long)filp->private_data;
        char buf[64];
        unsigned long val;
        int ret;

        if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
                return -EFAULT;

        buf[cnt] = 0;

        ret = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &val);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        switch (val) {
        case 0:
                trace_flags &= ~(1 << index);
                break;
        case 1:
                trace_flags |= 1 << index;
                break;

        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        *ppos += cnt;

        return cnt;
}

static const struct file_operations trace_options_core_fops = {
        .open = tracing_open_generic,
        .read = trace_options_core_read,
        .write = trace_options_core_write,
};

struct dentry *trace_create_file(const char *name,
                                 mode_t mode,
                                 struct dentry *parent,
                                 void *data,
                                 const struct file_operations *fops)
{
        struct dentry *ret;

        ret = debugfs_create_file(name, mode, parent, data, fops);
        if (!ret)
                pr_warning("Could not create debugfs '%s' entry\n", name);

        return ret;
}


static struct dentry *trace_options_init_dentry(void)
{
        struct dentry *d_tracer;
        static struct dentry *t_options;

        if (t_options)
                return t_options;

        d_tracer = tracing_init_dentry();
        if (!d_tracer)
                return NULL;

        t_options = debugfs_create_dir("options", d_tracer);
        if (!t_options) {
                pr_warning("Could not create debugfs directory 'options'\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        return t_options;
}

static void
create_trace_option_file(struct trace_option_dentry *topt,
                         struct tracer_flags *flags,
                         struct tracer_opt *opt)
{
        struct dentry *t_options;

        t_options = trace_options_init_dentry();
        if (!t_options)
                return;

        topt->flags = flags;
        topt->opt = opt;

        topt->entry = trace_create_file(opt->name, 0644, t_options, topt,
                                    &trace_options_fops);

}

static struct trace_option_dentry *
create_trace_option_files(struct tracer *tracer)
{
        struct trace_option_dentry *topts;
        struct tracer_flags *flags;
        struct tracer_opt *opts;
        int cnt;

        if (!tracer)
                return NULL;

        flags = tracer->flags;

        if (!flags || !flags->opts)
                return NULL;

        opts = flags->opts;

        for (cnt = 0; opts[cnt].name; cnt++)
                ;

        topts = kcalloc(cnt + 1, sizeof(*topts), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!topts)
                return NULL;

        for (cnt = 0; opts[cnt].name; cnt++)
                create_trace_option_file(&topts[cnt], flags,
                                         &opts[cnt]);

        return topts;
}

static void
destroy_trace_option_files(struct trace_option_dentry *topts)
{
        int cnt;

        if (!topts)
                return;

        for (cnt = 0; topts[cnt].opt; cnt++) {
                if (topts[cnt].entry)
                        debugfs_remove(topts[cnt].entry);
        }

        kfree(topts);
}

static struct dentry *
create_trace_option_core_file(const char *option, long index)
{
        struct dentry *t_options;

        t_options = trace_options_init_dentry();
        if (!t_options)
                return NULL;

        return trace_create_file(option, 0644, t_options, (void *)index,
                                    &trace_options_core_fops);
}

static __init void create_trace_options_dir(void)
{
        struct dentry *t_options;
        int i;

        t_options = trace_options_init_dentry();
        if (!t_options)
                return;

        for (i = 0; trace_options[i]; i++)
                create_trace_option_core_file(trace_options[i], i);
}

static __init int tracer_init_debugfs(void)
{
        struct dentry *d_tracer;
        int cpu;

        d_tracer = tracing_init_dentry();

        trace_create_file("tracing_enabled", 0644, d_tracer,
                        &global_trace, &tracing_ctrl_fops);

        trace_create_file("trace_options", 0644, d_tracer,
                        NULL, &tracing_iter_fops);

        trace_create_file("tracing_cpumask", 0644, d_tracer,
                        NULL, &tracing_cpumask_fops);

        trace_create_file("trace", 0644, d_tracer,
                        (void *) TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU, &tracing_fops);

        trace_create_file("available_tracers", 0444, d_tracer,
                        &global_trace, &show_traces_fops);

        trace_create_file("current_tracer", 0444, d_tracer,
                        &global_trace, &set_tracer_fops);

        trace_create_file("tracing_max_latency", 0644, d_tracer,
                        &tracing_max_latency, &tracing_max_lat_fops);

        trace_create_file("tracing_thresh", 0644, d_tracer,
                        &tracing_thresh, &tracing_max_lat_fops);

        trace_create_file("README", 0644, d_tracer,
                        NULL, &tracing_readme_fops);

        trace_create_file("trace_pipe", 0444, d_tracer,
                        (void *) TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU, &tracing_pipe_fops);

        trace_create_file("buffer_size_kb", 0644, d_tracer,
                        &global_trace, &tracing_entries_fops);

        trace_create_file("trace_marker", 0220, d_tracer,
                        NULL, &tracing_mark_fops);

#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
        trace_create_file("dyn_ftrace_total_info", 0444, d_tracer,
                        &ftrace_update_tot_cnt, &tracing_dyn_info_fops);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSPROF_TRACER
        init_tracer_sysprof_debugfs(d_tracer);
#endif

        create_trace_options_dir();

        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu)
                tracing_init_debugfs_percpu(cpu);

        return 0;
}

static int trace_panic_handler(struct notifier_block *this,
                               unsigned long event, void *unused)
{
        if (ftrace_dump_on_oops)
                ftrace_dump();
        return NOTIFY_OK;
}

static struct notifier_block trace_panic_notifier = {
        .notifier_call  = trace_panic_handler,
        .next           = NULL,
        .priority       = 150   /* priority: INT_MAX >= x >= 0 */
};

static int trace_die_handler(struct notifier_block *self,
                             unsigned long val,
                             void *data)
{
        switch (val) {
        case DIE_OOPS:
                if (ftrace_dump_on_oops)
                        ftrace_dump();
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
        return NOTIFY_OK;
}

static struct notifier_block trace_die_notifier = {
        .notifier_call = trace_die_handler,
        .priority = 200
};

/*
 * printk is set to max of 1024, we really don't need it that big.
 * Nothing should be printing 1000 characters anyway.
 */
#define TRACE_MAX_PRINT         1000

/*
 * Define here KERN_TRACE so that we have one place to modify
 * it if we decide to change what log level the ftrace dump
 * should be at.
 */
#define KERN_TRACE              KERN_EMERG

static void
trace_printk_seq(struct trace_seq *s)
{
        /* Probably should print a warning here. */
        if (s->len >= 1000)
                s->len = 1000;

        /* should be zero ended, but we are paranoid. */
        s->buffer[s->len] = 0;

        printk(KERN_TRACE "%s", s->buffer);

        trace_seq_init(s);
}

static void __ftrace_dump(bool disable_tracing)
{
        static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ftrace_dump_lock);
        /* use static because iter can be a bit big for the stack */
        static struct trace_iterator iter;
        unsigned int old_userobj;
        static int dump_ran;
        unsigned long flags;
        int cnt = 0, cpu;

        /* only one dump */
        spin_lock_irqsave(&ftrace_dump_lock, flags);
        if (dump_ran)
                goto out;

        dump_ran = 1;

        tracing_off();

        if (disable_tracing)
                ftrace_kill();

        for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                atomic_inc(&global_trace.data[cpu]->disabled);
        }

        old_userobj = trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_SYM_USEROBJ;

        /* don't look at user memory in panic mode */
        trace_flags &= ~TRACE_ITER_SYM_USEROBJ;

        printk(KERN_TRACE "Dumping ftrace buffer:\n");

        /* Simulate the iterator */
        iter.tr = &global_trace;
        iter.trace = current_trace;
        iter.cpu_file = TRACE_PIPE_ALL_CPU;

        /*
         * We need to stop all tracing on all CPUS to read the
         * the next buffer. This is a bit expensive, but is
         * not done often. We fill all what we can read,
         * and then release the locks again.
         */

        while (!trace_empty(&iter)) {

                if (!cnt)
                        printk(KERN_TRACE "---------------------------------\n");

                cnt++;

                /* reset all but tr, trace, and overruns */
                memset(&iter.seq, 0,
                       sizeof(struct trace_iterator) -
                       offsetof(struct trace_iterator, seq));
                iter.iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT;
                iter.pos = -1;

                if (find_next_entry_inc(&iter) != NULL) {
                        print_trace_line(&iter);
                        trace_consume(&iter);
                }

                trace_printk_seq(&iter.seq);
        }

        if (!cnt)
                printk(KERN_TRACE "   (ftrace buffer empty)\n");
        else
                printk(KERN_TRACE "---------------------------------\n");

        /* Re-enable tracing if requested */
        if (!disable_tracing) {
                trace_flags |= old_userobj;

                for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
                        atomic_dec(&global_trace.data[cpu]->disabled);
                }
                tracing_on();
        }

 out:
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ftrace_dump_lock, flags);
}

/* By default: disable tracing after the dump */
void ftrace_dump(void)
{
        __ftrace_dump(true);
}

__init static int tracer_alloc_buffers(void)
{
        struct trace_array_cpu *data;
        int ring_buf_size;
        int i;
        int ret = -ENOMEM;

        if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&tracing_buffer_mask, GFP_KERNEL))
                goto out;

        if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&tracing_cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
                goto out_free_buffer_mask;

        if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&tracing_reader_cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
                goto out_free_tracing_cpumask;

        /* To save memory, keep the ring buffer size to its minimum */
        if (ring_buffer_expanded)
                ring_buf_size = trace_buf_size;
        else
                ring_buf_size = 1;

        cpumask_copy(tracing_buffer_mask, cpu_possible_mask);
        cpumask_copy(tracing_cpumask, cpu_all_mask);
        cpumask_clear(tracing_reader_cpumask);

        /* TODO: make the number of buffers hot pluggable with CPUS */
        global_trace.buffer = ring_buffer_alloc(ring_buf_size,
                                                   TRACE_BUFFER_FLAGS);
        if (!global_trace.buffer) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "tracer: failed to allocate ring buffer!\n");
                WARN_ON(1);
                goto out_free_cpumask;
        }
        global_trace.entries = ring_buffer_size(global_trace.buffer);


#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_MAX_TRACE
        max_tr.buffer = ring_buffer_alloc(ring_buf_size,
                                             TRACE_BUFFER_FLAGS);
        if (!max_tr.buffer) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "tracer: failed to allocate max ring buffer!\n");
                WARN_ON(1);
                ring_buffer_free(global_trace.buffer);
                goto out_free_cpumask;
        }
        max_tr.entries = ring_buffer_size(max_tr.buffer);
        WARN_ON(max_tr.entries != global_trace.entries);
#endif

        /* Allocate the first page for all buffers */
        for_each_tracing_cpu(i) {
                data = global_trace.data[i] = &per_cpu(global_trace_cpu, i);
                max_tr.data[i] = &per_cpu(max_data, i);
        }

        trace_init_cmdlines();

        register_tracer(&nop_trace);
        current_trace = &nop_trace;
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_TRACER
        register_tracer(&boot_tracer);
#endif
        /* All seems OK, enable tracing */
        tracing_disabled = 0;

        atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list,
                                       &trace_panic_notifier);

        register_die_notifier(&trace_die_notifier);

        return 0;

out_free_cpumask:
        free_cpumask_var(tracing_reader_cpumask);
out_free_tracing_cpumask:
        free_cpumask_var(tracing_cpumask);
out_free_buffer_mask:
        free_cpumask_var(tracing_buffer_mask);
out:
        return ret;
}

__init static int clear_boot_tracer(void)
{
        /*
         * The default tracer at boot buffer is an init section.
         * This function is called in lateinit. If we did not
         * find the boot tracer, then clear it out, to prevent
         * later registration from accessing the buffer that is
         * about to be freed.
         */
        if (!default_bootup_tracer)
                return 0;

        printk(KERN_INFO "ftrace bootup tracer '%s' not registered.\n",
               default_bootup_tracer);
        default_bootup_tracer = NULL;

        return 0;
}

early_initcall(tracer_alloc_buffers);
fs_initcall(tracer_init_debugfs);
late_initcall(clear_boot_tracer);