2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
162 port - port # for AD1848 chip
163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
169 The power-management is supported.
174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
179 This module supports multiple cards.
184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
192 The power-management is supported.
197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
201 The power-management is supported.
206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
208 This module supports multiple cards.
210 The power-management is supported.
215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
222 The power-management is supported.
227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
233 instead of probing. If this works for you
234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
236 -1 -- Default behavior.
237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
240 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
247 The power-management is supported.
249 Module snd-atiixp-modem
250 -----------------------
252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
259 The power-management is supported.
261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
262 -----------------------------------------
264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
267 0 = Disable all workarounds
268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
271 3 = Force both settings
272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
290 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
292 This module supports multiple cards.
297 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
299 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
301 The power-management is supported.
306 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
308 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
310 This module supports multiple cards.
315 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
317 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
318 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
320 This module supports multiple cards.
322 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
328 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
330 This module supports multiple cards.
336 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
338 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
340 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
342 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
343 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
344 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
345 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
346 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
347 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
348 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
350 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
352 The power-management is supported.
357 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
359 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
360 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
361 0 = disable (default)
362 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
364 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
366 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
368 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
370 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
372 The power-management is supported.
377 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
379 port - port # for CS4231 chip
380 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
381 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
382 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
383 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
384 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
386 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
387 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
389 The power-management is supported.
394 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
396 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
398 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
400 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
401 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
402 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
403 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
404 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
405 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
406 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
407 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
409 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
410 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are
413 The power-management is supported.
418 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
419 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
421 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
423 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
425 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
426 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
427 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
428 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
429 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
430 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
431 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
432 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
434 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
435 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
436 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
438 The power-management is supported.
443 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
445 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
447 This module supports multiple cards.
449 The power-management is supported.
454 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
455 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
457 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
458 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
459 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
461 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
462 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
463 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
466 The power-management is supported.
471 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
473 Module snd-cs5535audio
474 ----------------------
476 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
478 The power-management is supported.
483 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
485 This module supports multiple cards.
486 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
491 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
493 This module supports multiple cards.
494 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
499 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
502 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
505 The power-management is supported.
510 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
511 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
512 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
514 The power-management is supported.
519 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
521 This module supports multiple cards.
522 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
527 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
528 * Sound Blaster Live!
529 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
530 * Emu APS (partially supported)
531 * Sound Blaster Audigy
533 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
534 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
535 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
536 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
537 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
538 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
539 enable_ir - enable IR
541 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
543 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
544 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
545 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
546 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
547 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
548 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
549 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
550 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
551 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
552 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
553 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
554 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
555 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
557 The power-management is supported.
562 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
564 This module supports multiple cards.
569 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
570 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
571 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
573 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
575 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
577 The power-management is supported.
582 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
583 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
584 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
585 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
587 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
588 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
590 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
592 The power-management is supported.
597 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
599 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
601 The power-management is supported.
606 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
608 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
609 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
610 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
611 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
612 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
614 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
619 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
621 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
623 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
625 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
626 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
627 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
628 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
629 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
630 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
632 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
633 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
634 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
636 The power-management is supported.
641 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
643 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
645 The power-management is supported.
650 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
652 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
653 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
654 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
655 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
656 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
658 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
659 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
661 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
663 The power-management is supported.
668 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
670 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
671 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
672 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
673 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
674 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
675 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
677 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
679 The power-management is supported.
684 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
686 This module supports multiple cards.
687 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
692 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
694 This module supports multiple cards.
695 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
697 Module snd-gusclassic
698 ---------------------
700 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
702 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
703 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
704 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
705 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
706 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
707 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
708 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
710 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
712 Module snd-gusextreme
713 ---------------------
715 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
717 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
718 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
719 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
720 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
721 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
722 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
723 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
724 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
725 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
726 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
727 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
729 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
734 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
736 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
737 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
738 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
739 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
740 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
741 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
742 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
744 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
749 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
751 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
752 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
756 [Multiple options for each card instance]
757 model - force the model name
758 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
759 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
760 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
761 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
762 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
763 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
764 value based on the controller chip.
766 [Single (global) options]
767 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
768 codecs (for debugging only)
769 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
770 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
772 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
775 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
777 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
780 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
781 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
782 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
783 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
784 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
785 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
787 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
788 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
789 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
791 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
792 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
793 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
794 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
796 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
797 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
799 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
800 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
801 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
802 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
803 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
804 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
807 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
808 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
809 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
810 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
811 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
812 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
813 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
814 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
815 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
816 avoided as much as possible...
818 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
819 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
820 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
821 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
822 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
823 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
824 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
825 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
826 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
827 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
829 The power-management is supported.
834 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
836 This module supports multiple cards.
838 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
839 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
840 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
842 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
844 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
845 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
846 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
847 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
848 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
854 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
856 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
857 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
858 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
860 See hdspm.txt for details.
865 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
867 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
872 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
873 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
874 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
875 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
876 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
877 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
878 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
879 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
885 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
886 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
887 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
888 * Event Electronics, EZ8
890 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
893 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
894 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
895 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
896 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
897 phase88, mediastation
898 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
899 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
900 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
902 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
903 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
906 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
907 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
908 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
909 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
915 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
916 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
917 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
918 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
920 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
921 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
922 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
925 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
926 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
927 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
928 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
929 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
930 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
932 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
941 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
942 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
944 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
945 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
946 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
947 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
948 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
949 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M
951 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
953 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
954 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
955 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
956 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
962 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
964 This module supports multiple cards.
965 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
970 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
972 This module supports multiple cards.
973 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
978 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
980 This module supports multiple cards.
981 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
986 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
987 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
988 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
990 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
992 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
995 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
996 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
997 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
998 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
999 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1001 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1002 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1004 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1005 from the controller chip
1006 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1008 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1010 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1011 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1012 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1014 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1015 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1016 modules, respectively.
1018 The power-management is supported.
1020 Module snd-intel8x0m
1021 --------------------
1023 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1024 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1026 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1027 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1031 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1033 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1035 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1038 The power-management is supported.
1040 Module snd-interwave
1041 --------------------
1043 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1044 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1046 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1047 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1048 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1049 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1051 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1053 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1055 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1056 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1057 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1058 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1060 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1062 Module snd-interwave-stb
1063 ------------------------
1065 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1066 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1067 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1069 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1070 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1071 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1072 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1074 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1076 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1078 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1079 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1080 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1081 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1082 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1084 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1089 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1091 This module supports multiple cards.
1096 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1098 This module supports multiple cards.
1099 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1104 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1106 This module supports multiple cards.
1107 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1112 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1114 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1115 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1116 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1119 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1121 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1122 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1123 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1124 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1127 The power-management is supported.
1132 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1134 This module supports multiple cards.
1135 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1140 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1142 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1144 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1145 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1146 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1147 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1148 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1149 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1150 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1151 wss - enable WSS mode
1152 ide - enable onboard ide support
1157 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1159 This module supports multiple cards.
1160 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1161 See MIXART.txt for details.
1163 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1164 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1165 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1166 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1167 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1172 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1174 This module supports multiple cards.
1175 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1180 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1182 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1183 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1184 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1186 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1191 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1194 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1195 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1196 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1198 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1203 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1205 This module supports multiple devices.
1206 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1211 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1213 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1214 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1215 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1216 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1217 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1218 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1219 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1220 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1223 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1225 The power-management is supported.
1227 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1228 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1229 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1230 the buffer_top option.
1232 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1233 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1234 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1235 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1236 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1239 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1240 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1241 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1242 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1243 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1244 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1245 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1247 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1248 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1249 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1250 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1252 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1253 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1254 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1255 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1257 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1258 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1259 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1260 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1261 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1262 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1268 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1270 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1272 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1274 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1275 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1276 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1277 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1278 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1279 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1280 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1281 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1283 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1284 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1286 The power-management is supported.
1288 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1289 -------------------------
1291 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1292 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1294 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1296 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1298 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1299 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1300 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1301 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1302 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1303 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1305 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1307 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1308 -------------------------
1310 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1312 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1314 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1316 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1317 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1318 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1319 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1320 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1321 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1322 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1324 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1329 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1331 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1333 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1335 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1336 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1337 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1338 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1339 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1340 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1341 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1343 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1348 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1350 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1352 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1353 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1354 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1355 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1358 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1363 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1365 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1367 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1368 even a few mixer controls.
1373 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1375 This module supports multiple cards.
1377 Module snd-portman2x4
1378 ---------------------
1380 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1382 This module supports multiple cards.
1384 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1385 ---------------------------------
1387 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1389 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1391 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1393 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1395 The power-management is supported.
1397 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1398 ------------------------------------
1400 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1402 For ARM architecture only.
1404 The power-management is supported.
1409 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1411 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1412 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1413 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1415 This module supports multiple cards.
1416 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1417 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1418 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1423 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1424 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1426 This module supports multiple cards.
1431 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1433 This module supports multiple cards.
1438 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1440 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1443 This module supports multiple cards.
1445 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1446 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1447 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1448 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1449 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1452 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1453 ---------------------------------------
1455 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1457 Module supports only one card.
1458 Module has no enable and index options.
1460 The power-management is supported.
1465 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1469 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1470 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1471 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1473 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1475 The power-management is supported.
1477 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1478 -----------------------------
1480 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1481 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1482 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1484 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1485 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1486 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1488 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1490 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1491 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1492 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1493 (snd-sbawe module only)
1494 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1495 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1496 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1498 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1500 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1501 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1502 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1503 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1506 The power-management is supported.
1511 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1513 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1514 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1515 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1516 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1519 This module supports multiple cards.
1521 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1526 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1528 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1529 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1530 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1533 This module supports multiple cards.
1535 The power-management is supported.
1540 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1542 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1543 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1544 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1545 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1546 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1547 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1549 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1550 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1553 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1554 --------------------------------------
1556 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1558 This module supports multiple cards.
1560 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1561 -------------------------------------
1563 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1565 This module supports multiple cards.
1567 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1568 -----------------------------------
1570 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1572 This module supports multiple cards.
1574 Module snd-wavefront
1575 --------------------
1577 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1579 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1580 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1581 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1583 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1585 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1586 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1587 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1588 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1589 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1590 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1591 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1592 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1593 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1595 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1596 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1597 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1598 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1599 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1600 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1601 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1602 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1603 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1604 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1605 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1607 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1608 based on my limited experimentation.
1609 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1610 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1611 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1612 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1614 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1615 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1616 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1618 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1620 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1621 (default:wavefront.os)
1622 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1623 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1624 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1626 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1628 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1630 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1633 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1635 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1636 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1637 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1638 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1639 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1641 Module snd-sonicvibes
1642 ---------------------
1644 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1645 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1647 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1648 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1649 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1651 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1653 Module snd-serial-u16550
1654 ------------------------
1656 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1658 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1659 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1660 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1662 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1664 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1666 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1667 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1668 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1670 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1671 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1676 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1677 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1679 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1682 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1683 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1684 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1685 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1686 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1688 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1689 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1691 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1693 The power-management is supported.
1695 Module snd-usb-audio
1696 --------------------
1698 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1700 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1701 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1702 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1703 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1704 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1705 - Influence depends on the device
1707 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1708 interface (default: no)
1710 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1712 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1713 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1715 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1716 debugging purpose (if any).
1717 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1718 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1719 buggy USB device or the controller.
1721 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1722 --------------------
1724 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1725 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1726 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1727 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1728 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1730 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1732 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1733 --------------------
1735 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1737 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1739 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1740 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1745 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1746 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1748 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1750 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1751 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1752 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1753 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1754 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1755 rate and different sample rates on different
1757 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1758 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1759 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1761 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1763 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1764 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1765 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1766 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1767 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1769 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1770 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1771 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1772 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1774 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1775 except for the known devices since the output is often
1776 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1778 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1779 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1780 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1782 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1783 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1784 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1785 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1786 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1787 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1788 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1789 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1790 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1793 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1794 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1796 The power-management is supported.
1798 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1799 ------------------------
1801 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1803 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1805 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1807 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1810 The power-management is supported.
1815 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1816 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1817 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1819 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1821 This module supports multiple cards.
1826 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1827 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X and HDAV1.3 (Deluxe).
1829 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1834 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1836 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1837 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1839 This module supports multiple cards.
1841 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1842 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1843 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1844 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1845 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1846 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1848 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1850 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1851 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1852 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1853 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1854 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1855 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1856 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1858 The power-management is supported.
1863 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1865 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1867 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1868 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1870 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
1871 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
1872 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
1873 longer require a config file.
1875 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1876 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1877 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1878 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1879 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1881 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1883 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
1886 The power-management is supported.
1891 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1893 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1894 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1895 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1896 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1897 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1899 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1901 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1903 The power-management is supported.
1905 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1906 --------------------
1908 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
1910 The power-management is supported.
1916 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
1917 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
1918 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
1919 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
1920 specifications from version to version :-)
1922 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
1923 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
1924 the proper value with this option.
1926 The following strings are accepted:
1927 - default Don't override the default setting
1928 - none Disable the quirk
1929 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
1930 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
1931 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
1932 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
1933 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
1934 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
1935 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
1937 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
1938 ... are accepted, too.
1940 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
1941 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
1944 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1945 ============================
1947 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1948 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1949 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1950 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1951 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1953 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1954 will be not built in.
1957 Module Autoloading Support
1958 ==========================
1960 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1961 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1962 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
1964 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
1965 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
1966 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
1967 as the same card module.
1969 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
1970 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1971 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
1972 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
1973 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1975 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
1976 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
1977 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
1978 sound cards in that option.
1980 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
1981 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
1982 cards is kept consistent.
1984 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
1986 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1988 options snd cards_limit=2
1989 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
1990 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
1991 options snd-interwave index=0
1992 options snd-ens1371 index=1
1994 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
1995 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
1996 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1998 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
1999 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2001 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2002 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2005 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2007 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2008 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2009 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2010 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2012 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2013 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2014 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2015 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2016 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2018 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2019 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2020 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2023 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2024 =======================================
2026 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2027 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2028 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2029 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2030 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2031 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2032 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2033 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2034 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2036 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2037 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2038 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2039 playback, respectively.
2041 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2042 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2045 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2046 ==============================
2048 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2049 -------------------------------
2050 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2051 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2053 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2054 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2055 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2056 <options> - optional parameters
2057 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2058 this channel but does not want to use it.
2059 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2060 It's good for Quake etc...
2061 - direct don't use plugins
2062 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2063 - non-block force non-block mode
2064 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2066 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2067 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2068 instead of filled blocks
2070 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2071 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2072 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2075 Early Buffer Allocation
2076 =======================
2078 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2079 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2080 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2081 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2082 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2083 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2085 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2086 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2087 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2089 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2091 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2092 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2093 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2094 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2095 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2096 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2097 than 0. The max number is 4.
2101 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2108 ALSA project homepage
2109 http://www.alsa-project.org
2112 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2115 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2118 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
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