2 * INET An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
3 * operating system. INET is implemented using the BSD Socket
4 * interface as the means of communication with the user level.
6 * Implementation of the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP).
8 * Version: $Id: tcp_timer.c,v 1.88 2002/02/01 22:01:04 davem Exp $
11 * Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
12 * Mark Evans, <evansmp@uhura.aston.ac.uk>
13 * Corey Minyard <wf-rch!minyard@relay.EU.net>
14 * Florian La Roche, <flla@stud.uni-sb.de>
15 * Charles Hedrick, <hedrick@klinzhai.rutgers.edu>
16 * Linus Torvalds, <torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
17 * Alan Cox, <gw4pts@gw4pts.ampr.org>
18 * Matthew Dillon, <dillon@apollo.west.oic.com>
19 * Arnt Gulbrandsen, <agulbra@nvg.unit.no>
20 * Jorge Cwik, <jorge@laser.satlink.net>
23 #include <linux/module.h>
26 int sysctl_tcp_syn_retries = TCP_SYN_RETRIES;
27 int sysctl_tcp_synack_retries = TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES;
28 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_time = TCP_KEEPALIVE_TIME;
29 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_probes = TCP_KEEPALIVE_PROBES;
30 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_intvl = TCP_KEEPALIVE_INTVL;
31 int sysctl_tcp_retries1 = TCP_RETR1;
32 int sysctl_tcp_retries2 = TCP_RETR2;
33 int sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries;
35 static void tcp_write_timer(unsigned long);
36 static void tcp_delack_timer(unsigned long);
37 static void tcp_keepalive_timer (unsigned long data);
39 void tcp_init_xmit_timers(struct sock *sk)
41 inet_csk_init_xmit_timers(sk, &tcp_write_timer, &tcp_delack_timer,
42 &tcp_keepalive_timer);
45 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_init_xmit_timers);
47 static void tcp_write_err(struct sock *sk)
49 sk->sk_err = sk->sk_err_soft ? : ETIMEDOUT;
50 sk->sk_error_report(sk);
53 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPABORTONTIMEOUT);
56 /* Do not allow orphaned sockets to eat all our resources.
57 * This is direct violation of TCP specs, but it is required
58 * to prevent DoS attacks. It is called when a retransmission timeout
59 * or zero probe timeout occurs on orphaned socket.
61 * Criterium is still not confirmed experimentally and may change.
62 * We kill the socket, if:
63 * 1. If number of orphaned sockets exceeds an administratively configured
65 * 2. If we have strong memory pressure.
67 static int tcp_out_of_resources(struct sock *sk, int do_reset)
69 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
70 int orphans = atomic_read(&tcp_orphan_count);
72 /* If peer does not open window for long time, or did not transmit
73 * anything for long time, penalize it. */
74 if ((s32)(tcp_time_stamp - tp->lsndtime) > 2*TCP_RTO_MAX || !do_reset)
77 /* If some dubious ICMP arrived, penalize even more. */
81 if (orphans >= sysctl_tcp_max_orphans ||
82 (sk->sk_wmem_queued > SOCK_MIN_SNDBUF &&
83 atomic_read(&tcp_memory_allocated) > sysctl_tcp_mem[2])) {
85 printk(KERN_INFO "Out of socket memory\n");
87 /* Catch exceptional cases, when connection requires reset.
88 * 1. Last segment was sent recently. */
89 if ((s32)(tcp_time_stamp - tp->lsndtime) <= TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN ||
90 /* 2. Window is closed. */
91 (!tp->snd_wnd && !tp->packets_out))
94 tcp_send_active_reset(sk, GFP_ATOMIC);
96 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPABORTONMEMORY);
102 /* Calculate maximal number or retries on an orphaned socket. */
103 static int tcp_orphan_retries(struct sock *sk, int alive)
105 int retries = sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries; /* May be zero. */
107 /* We know from an ICMP that something is wrong. */
108 if (sk->sk_err_soft && !alive)
111 /* However, if socket sent something recently, select some safe
112 * number of retries. 8 corresponds to >100 seconds with minimal
114 if (retries == 0 && alive)
119 /* A write timeout has occurred. Process the after effects. */
120 static int tcp_write_timeout(struct sock *sk)
122 const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
125 if ((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT | TCPF_SYN_RECV)) {
126 if (icsk->icsk_retransmits)
127 dst_negative_advice(&sk->sk_dst_cache);
128 retry_until = icsk->icsk_syn_retries ? : sysctl_tcp_syn_retries;
130 if (icsk->icsk_retransmits >= sysctl_tcp_retries1) {
131 /* NOTE. draft-ietf-tcpimpl-pmtud-01.txt requires pmtu black
134 It is place to make it. It is not made. I do not want
135 to make it. It is disguisting. It does not work in any
136 case. Let me to cite the same draft, which requires for
137 us to implement this:
139 "The one security concern raised by this memo is that ICMP black holes
140 are often caused by over-zealous security administrators who block
141 all ICMP messages. It is vitally important that those who design and
142 deploy security systems understand the impact of strict filtering on
143 upper-layer protocols. The safest web site in the world is worthless
144 if most TCP implementations cannot transfer data from it. It would
145 be far nicer to have all of the black holes fixed rather than fixing
146 all of the TCP implementations."
151 dst_negative_advice(&sk->sk_dst_cache);
154 retry_until = sysctl_tcp_retries2;
155 if (sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)) {
156 const int alive = (icsk->icsk_rto < TCP_RTO_MAX);
158 retry_until = tcp_orphan_retries(sk, alive);
160 if (tcp_out_of_resources(sk, alive || icsk->icsk_retransmits < retry_until))
165 if (icsk->icsk_retransmits >= retry_until) {
166 /* Has it gone just too far? */
173 static void tcp_delack_timer(unsigned long data)
175 struct sock *sk = (struct sock*)data;
176 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
177 struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
180 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
181 /* Try again later. */
182 icsk->icsk_ack.blocked = 1;
183 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_DELAYEDACKLOCKED);
184 sk_reset_timer(sk, &icsk->icsk_delack_timer, jiffies + TCP_DELACK_MIN);
188 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
190 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE || !(icsk->icsk_ack.pending & ICSK_ACK_TIMER))
193 if (time_after(icsk->icsk_ack.timeout, jiffies)) {
194 sk_reset_timer(sk, &icsk->icsk_delack_timer, icsk->icsk_ack.timeout);
197 icsk->icsk_ack.pending &= ~ICSK_ACK_TIMER;
199 if (!skb_queue_empty(&tp->ucopy.prequeue)) {
202 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPSCHEDULERFAILED);
204 while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(&tp->ucopy.prequeue)) != NULL)
205 sk->sk_backlog_rcv(sk, skb);
207 tp->ucopy.memory = 0;
210 if (inet_csk_ack_scheduled(sk)) {
211 if (!icsk->icsk_ack.pingpong) {
212 /* Delayed ACK missed: inflate ATO. */
213 icsk->icsk_ack.ato = min(icsk->icsk_ack.ato << 1, icsk->icsk_rto);
215 /* Delayed ACK missed: leave pingpong mode and
218 icsk->icsk_ack.pingpong = 0;
219 icsk->icsk_ack.ato = TCP_ATO_MIN;
222 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_DELAYEDACKS);
227 if (tcp_memory_pressure)
228 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
234 static void tcp_probe_timer(struct sock *sk)
236 struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
237 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
240 if (tp->packets_out || !sk->sk_send_head) {
241 icsk->icsk_probes_out = 0;
245 /* *WARNING* RFC 1122 forbids this
247 * It doesn't AFAIK, because we kill the retransmit timer -AK
249 * FIXME: We ought not to do it, Solaris 2.5 actually has fixing
250 * this behaviour in Solaris down as a bug fix. [AC]
252 * Let me to explain. icsk_probes_out is zeroed by incoming ACKs
253 * even if they advertise zero window. Hence, connection is killed only
254 * if we received no ACKs for normal connection timeout. It is not killed
255 * only because window stays zero for some time, window may be zero
256 * until armageddon and even later. We are in full accordance
257 * with RFCs, only probe timer combines both retransmission timeout
258 * and probe timeout in one bottle. --ANK
260 max_probes = sysctl_tcp_retries2;
262 if (sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)) {
263 const int alive = ((icsk->icsk_rto << icsk->icsk_backoff) < TCP_RTO_MAX);
265 max_probes = tcp_orphan_retries(sk, alive);
267 if (tcp_out_of_resources(sk, alive || icsk->icsk_probes_out <= max_probes))
271 if (icsk->icsk_probes_out > max_probes) {
274 /* Only send another probe if we didn't close things up. */
280 * The TCP retransmit timer.
283 static void tcp_retransmit_timer(struct sock *sk)
285 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
286 struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
288 if (!tp->packets_out)
291 BUG_TRAP(!skb_queue_empty(&sk->sk_write_queue));
293 if (!tp->snd_wnd && !sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD) &&
294 !((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT | TCPF_SYN_RECV))) {
295 /* Receiver dastardly shrinks window. Our retransmits
296 * become zero probes, but we should not timeout this
297 * connection. If the socket is an orphan, time it out,
298 * we cannot allow such beasts to hang infinitely.
301 if (net_ratelimit()) {
302 struct inet_sock *inet = inet_sk(sk);
303 printk(KERN_DEBUG "TCP: Treason uncloaked! Peer %u.%u.%u.%u:%u/%u shrinks window %u:%u. Repaired.\n",
304 NIPQUAD(inet->daddr), htons(inet->dport),
305 inet->num, tp->snd_una, tp->snd_nxt);
308 if (tcp_time_stamp - tp->rcv_tstamp > TCP_RTO_MAX) {
312 tcp_enter_loss(sk, 0);
313 tcp_retransmit_skb(sk, skb_peek(&sk->sk_write_queue));
315 goto out_reset_timer;
318 if (tcp_write_timeout(sk))
321 if (icsk->icsk_retransmits == 0) {
322 if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Disorder ||
323 icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Recovery) {
324 if (tp->rx_opt.sack_ok) {
325 if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Recovery)
326 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPSACKRECOVERYFAIL);
328 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPSACKFAILURES);
330 if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Recovery)
331 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPRENORECOVERYFAIL);
333 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPRENOFAILURES);
335 } else if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Loss) {
336 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPLOSSFAILURES);
338 NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_TCPTIMEOUTS);
342 if (tcp_use_frto(sk)) {
345 tcp_enter_loss(sk, 0);
348 if (tcp_retransmit_skb(sk, skb_peek(&sk->sk_write_queue)) > 0) {
349 /* Retransmission failed because of local congestion,
352 if (!icsk->icsk_retransmits)
353 icsk->icsk_retransmits = 1;
354 inet_csk_reset_xmit_timer(sk, ICSK_TIME_RETRANS,
355 min(icsk->icsk_rto, TCP_RESOURCE_PROBE_INTERVAL),
360 /* Increase the timeout each time we retransmit. Note that
361 * we do not increase the rtt estimate. rto is initialized
362 * from rtt, but increases here. Jacobson (SIGCOMM 88) suggests
363 * that doubling rto each time is the least we can get away with.
364 * In KA9Q, Karn uses this for the first few times, and then
365 * goes to quadratic. netBSD doubles, but only goes up to *64,
366 * and clamps at 1 to 64 sec afterwards. Note that 120 sec is
367 * defined in the protocol as the maximum possible RTT. I guess
368 * we'll have to use something other than TCP to talk to the
369 * University of Mars.
371 * PAWS allows us longer timeouts and large windows, so once
372 * implemented ftp to mars will work nicely. We will have to fix
373 * the 120 second clamps though!
375 icsk->icsk_backoff++;
376 icsk->icsk_retransmits++;
379 icsk->icsk_rto = min(icsk->icsk_rto << 1, TCP_RTO_MAX);
380 inet_csk_reset_xmit_timer(sk, ICSK_TIME_RETRANS, icsk->icsk_rto, TCP_RTO_MAX);
381 if (icsk->icsk_retransmits > sysctl_tcp_retries1)
387 static void tcp_write_timer(unsigned long data)
389 struct sock *sk = (struct sock*)data;
390 struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
394 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
395 /* Try again later */
396 sk_reset_timer(sk, &icsk->icsk_retransmit_timer, jiffies + (HZ / 20));
400 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE || !icsk->icsk_pending)
403 if (time_after(icsk->icsk_timeout, jiffies)) {
404 sk_reset_timer(sk, &icsk->icsk_retransmit_timer, icsk->icsk_timeout);
408 event = icsk->icsk_pending;
409 icsk->icsk_pending = 0;
412 case ICSK_TIME_RETRANS:
413 tcp_retransmit_timer(sk);
415 case ICSK_TIME_PROBE0:
422 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
429 * Timer for listening sockets
432 static void tcp_synack_timer(struct sock *sk)
434 inet_csk_reqsk_queue_prune(sk, TCP_SYNQ_INTERVAL,
435 TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT, TCP_RTO_MAX);
438 void tcp_set_keepalive(struct sock *sk, int val)
440 if ((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_CLOSE | TCPF_LISTEN))
443 if (val && !sock_flag(sk, SOCK_KEEPOPEN))
444 inet_csk_reset_keepalive_timer(sk, keepalive_time_when(tcp_sk(sk)));
446 inet_csk_delete_keepalive_timer(sk);
450 static void tcp_keepalive_timer (unsigned long data)
452 struct sock *sk = (struct sock *) data;
453 struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
454 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
457 /* Only process if socket is not in use. */
459 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
460 /* Try again later. */
461 inet_csk_reset_keepalive_timer (sk, HZ/20);
465 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_LISTEN) {
466 tcp_synack_timer(sk);
470 if (sk->sk_state == TCP_FIN_WAIT2 && sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)) {
471 if (tp->linger2 >= 0) {
472 const int tmo = tcp_fin_time(sk) - TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN;
475 tcp_time_wait(sk, TCP_FIN_WAIT2, tmo);
479 tcp_send_active_reset(sk, GFP_ATOMIC);
483 if (!sock_flag(sk, SOCK_KEEPOPEN) || sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE)
486 elapsed = keepalive_time_when(tp);
488 /* It is alive without keepalive 8) */
489 if (tp->packets_out || sk->sk_send_head)
492 elapsed = tcp_time_stamp - tp->rcv_tstamp;
494 if (elapsed >= keepalive_time_when(tp)) {
495 if ((!tp->keepalive_probes && icsk->icsk_probes_out >= sysctl_tcp_keepalive_probes) ||
496 (tp->keepalive_probes && icsk->icsk_probes_out >= tp->keepalive_probes)) {
497 tcp_send_active_reset(sk, GFP_ATOMIC);
501 if (tcp_write_wakeup(sk) <= 0) {
502 icsk->icsk_probes_out++;
503 elapsed = keepalive_intvl_when(tp);
505 /* If keepalive was lost due to local congestion,
508 elapsed = TCP_RESOURCE_PROBE_INTERVAL;
511 /* It is tp->rcv_tstamp + keepalive_time_when(tp) */
512 elapsed = keepalive_time_when(tp) - elapsed;
516 sk_stream_mem_reclaim(sk);
519 inet_csk_reset_keepalive_timer (sk, elapsed);