2 * Block driver for media (i.e., flash cards)
4 * Copyright 2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
5 * Copyright 2005-2008 Pierre Ossman
7 * Use consistent with the GNU GPL is permitted,
8 * provided that this copyright notice is
9 * preserved in its entirety in all copies and derived works.
11 * HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
12 * AS TO THE USEFULNESS OR CORRECTNESS OF THIS CODE OR ITS
13 * FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
15 * Many thanks to Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet!
17 * Author: Andrew Christian
20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/errno.h>
27 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
28 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
33 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
34 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
35 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
36 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
38 #include <asm/system.h>
39 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
44 * max 8 partitions per card
47 #define MMC_NUM_MINORS (256 >> MMC_SHIFT)
49 static DECLARE_BITMAP(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
52 * There is one mmc_blk_data per slot.
57 struct mmc_queue queue;
60 unsigned int block_bits;
61 unsigned int read_only;
64 static DEFINE_MUTEX(open_lock);
66 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_get(struct gendisk *disk)
68 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
70 mutex_lock(&open_lock);
71 md = disk->private_data;
72 if (md && md->usage == 0)
76 mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
81 static void mmc_blk_put(struct mmc_blk_data *md)
83 mutex_lock(&open_lock);
86 int devidx = md->disk->first_minor >> MMC_SHIFT;
87 __clear_bit(devidx, dev_use);
92 mutex_unlock(&open_lock);
95 static int mmc_blk_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
97 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
100 md = mmc_blk_get(inode->i_bdev->bd_disk);
103 check_disk_change(inode->i_bdev);
106 if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && md->read_only)
113 static int mmc_blk_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
115 struct mmc_blk_data *md = inode->i_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
122 mmc_blk_getgeo(struct block_device *bdev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
124 geo->cylinders = get_capacity(bdev->bd_disk) / (4 * 16);
130 static struct block_device_operations mmc_bdops = {
131 .open = mmc_blk_open,
132 .release = mmc_blk_release,
133 .getgeo = mmc_blk_getgeo,
134 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
137 struct mmc_blk_request {
138 struct mmc_request mrq;
139 struct mmc_command cmd;
140 struct mmc_command stop;
141 struct mmc_data data;
144 static u32 mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(struct mmc_card *card)
149 struct mmc_request mrq;
150 struct mmc_command cmd;
151 struct mmc_data data;
152 unsigned int timeout_us;
154 struct scatterlist sg;
156 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
158 cmd.opcode = MMC_APP_CMD;
159 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
160 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
162 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 0);
165 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && !(cmd.resp[0] & R1_APP_CMD))
168 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command));
170 cmd.opcode = SD_APP_SEND_NUM_WR_BLKS;
172 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
174 memset(&data, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_data));
176 data.timeout_ns = card->csd.tacc_ns * 100;
177 data.timeout_clks = card->csd.tacc_clks * 100;
179 timeout_us = data.timeout_ns / 1000;
180 timeout_us += data.timeout_clks * 1000 /
181 (card->host->ios.clock / 1000);
183 if (timeout_us > 100000) {
184 data.timeout_ns = 100000000;
185 data.timeout_clks = 0;
190 data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
194 memset(&mrq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_request));
199 sg_init_one(&sg, &blocks, 4);
201 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &mrq);
203 if (cmd.error || data.error)
206 blocks = ntohl(blocks);
211 static int mmc_blk_issue_rq(struct mmc_queue *mq, struct request *req)
213 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mq->data;
214 struct mmc_card *card = md->queue.card;
215 struct mmc_blk_request brq;
216 int ret = 1, data_size, i;
217 struct scatterlist *sg;
219 mmc_claim_host(card->host);
222 struct mmc_command cmd;
223 u32 readcmd, writecmd;
225 memset(&brq, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_blk_request));
226 brq.mrq.cmd = &brq.cmd;
227 brq.mrq.data = &brq.data;
229 brq.cmd.arg = req->sector;
230 if (!mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
232 brq.cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
233 brq.data.blksz = 1 << md->block_bits;
234 brq.stop.opcode = MMC_STOP_TRANSMISSION;
236 brq.stop.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1B | MMC_RSP_R1B | MMC_CMD_AC;
237 brq.data.blocks = req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9);
238 if (brq.data.blocks > card->host->max_blk_count)
239 brq.data.blocks = card->host->max_blk_count;
241 if (brq.data.blocks > 1) {
242 /* SPI multiblock writes terminate using a special
243 * token, not a STOP_TRANSMISSION request.
245 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host)
246 || rq_data_dir(req) == READ)
247 brq.mrq.stop = &brq.stop;
248 readcmd = MMC_READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
249 writecmd = MMC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK;
252 readcmd = MMC_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK;
253 writecmd = MMC_WRITE_BLOCK;
256 if (rq_data_dir(req) == READ) {
257 brq.cmd.opcode = readcmd;
258 brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_READ;
260 brq.cmd.opcode = writecmd;
261 brq.data.flags |= MMC_DATA_WRITE;
264 mmc_set_data_timeout(&brq.data, card);
266 brq.data.sg = mq->sg;
267 brq.data.sg_len = mmc_queue_map_sg(mq);
269 mmc_queue_bounce_pre(mq);
272 * Adjust the sg list so it is the same size as the
275 if (brq.data.blocks !=
276 (req->nr_sectors >> (md->block_bits - 9))) {
277 data_size = brq.data.blocks * brq.data.blksz;
278 for_each_sg(brq.data.sg, sg, brq.data.sg_len, i) {
279 data_size -= sg->length;
280 if (data_size <= 0) {
281 sg->length += data_size;
289 mmc_wait_for_req(card->host, &brq.mrq);
291 mmc_queue_bounce_post(mq);
294 * Check for errors here, but don't jump to cmd_err
295 * until later as we need to wait for the card to leave
296 * programming mode even when things go wrong.
299 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending read/write command\n",
300 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.cmd.error);
303 if (brq.data.error) {
304 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d transferring data\n",
305 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.data.error);
308 if (brq.stop.error) {
309 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d sending stop command\n",
310 req->rq_disk->disk_name, brq.stop.error);
313 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card->host) && rq_data_dir(req) != READ) {
317 cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_STATUS;
318 cmd.arg = card->rca << 16;
319 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
320 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
322 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d requesting status\n",
323 req->rq_disk->disk_name, err);
327 * Some cards mishandle the status bits,
328 * so make sure to check both the busy
329 * indication and the card state.
331 } while (!(cmd.resp[0] & R1_READY_FOR_DATA) ||
332 (R1_CURRENT_STATE(cmd.resp[0]) == 7));
335 if (cmd.resp[0] & ~0x00000900)
336 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: status = %08x\n",
337 req->rq_disk->disk_name, cmd.resp[0]);
338 if (mmc_decode_status(cmd.resp))
343 if (brq.cmd.error || brq.data.error || brq.stop.error)
347 * A block was successfully transferred.
349 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
350 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
351 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
354 mmc_release_host(card->host);
360 * If this is an SD card and we're writing, we can first
361 * mark the known good sectors as ok.
363 * If the card is not SD, we can still ok written sectors
364 * as reported by the controller (which might be less than
365 * the real number of written sectors, but never more).
367 * For reads we just fail the entire chunk as that should
368 * be safe in all cases.
370 if (rq_data_dir(req) != READ) {
371 if (mmc_card_sd(card)) {
375 blocks = mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(card);
376 if (blocks != (u32)-1) {
377 if (card->csd.write_partial)
378 bytes = blocks << md->block_bits;
381 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
382 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, bytes);
383 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
386 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
387 ret = __blk_end_request(req, 0, brq.data.bytes_xfered);
388 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
392 mmc_release_host(card->host);
394 spin_lock_irq(&md->lock);
396 ret = __blk_end_request(req, -EIO, blk_rq_cur_bytes(req));
397 spin_unlock_irq(&md->lock);
403 static inline int mmc_blk_readonly(struct mmc_card *card)
405 return mmc_card_readonly(card) ||
406 !(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_WRITE);
409 static struct mmc_blk_data *mmc_blk_alloc(struct mmc_card *card)
411 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
414 devidx = find_first_zero_bit(dev_use, MMC_NUM_MINORS);
415 if (devidx >= MMC_NUM_MINORS)
416 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
417 __set_bit(devidx, dev_use);
419 md = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mmc_blk_data), GFP_KERNEL);
427 * Set the read-only status based on the supported commands
428 * and the write protect switch.
430 md->read_only = mmc_blk_readonly(card);
433 * Both SD and MMC specifications state (although a bit
434 * unclearly in the MMC case) that a block size of 512
435 * bytes must always be supported by the card.
439 md->disk = alloc_disk(1 << MMC_SHIFT);
440 if (md->disk == NULL) {
445 spin_lock_init(&md->lock);
448 ret = mmc_init_queue(&md->queue, card, &md->lock);
452 md->queue.issue_fn = mmc_blk_issue_rq;
455 md->disk->major = MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR;
456 md->disk->first_minor = devidx << MMC_SHIFT;
457 md->disk->fops = &mmc_bdops;
458 md->disk->private_data = md;
459 md->disk->queue = md->queue.queue;
460 md->disk->driverfs_dev = &card->dev;
463 * As discussed on lkml, GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE should:
465 * - be set for removable media with permanent block devices
466 * - be unset for removable block devices with permanent media
468 * Since MMC block devices clearly fall under the second
469 * case, we do not set GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE. Userspace
470 * should use the block device creation/destruction hotplug
471 * messages to tell when the card is present.
474 sprintf(md->disk->disk_name, "mmcblk%d", devidx);
476 blk_queue_hardsect_size(md->queue.queue, 1 << md->block_bits);
478 if (!mmc_card_sd(card) && mmc_card_blockaddr(card)) {
480 * The EXT_CSD sector count is in number or 512 byte
483 set_capacity(md->disk, card->ext_csd.sectors);
486 * The CSD capacity field is in units of read_blkbits.
487 * set_capacity takes units of 512 bytes.
489 set_capacity(md->disk,
490 card->csd.capacity << (card->csd.read_blkbits - 9));
503 mmc_blk_set_blksize(struct mmc_blk_data *md, struct mmc_card *card)
505 struct mmc_command cmd;
508 /* Block-addressed cards ignore MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN. */
509 if (mmc_card_blockaddr(card))
512 mmc_claim_host(card->host);
513 cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN;
514 cmd.arg = 1 << md->block_bits;
515 cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
516 err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(card->host, &cmd, 5);
517 mmc_release_host(card->host);
520 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unable to set block size to %d: %d\n",
521 md->disk->disk_name, cmd.arg, err);
528 static int mmc_blk_probe(struct mmc_card *card)
530 struct mmc_blk_data *md;
534 * Check that the card supports the command class(es) we need.
536 if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_BLOCK_READ))
539 md = mmc_blk_alloc(card);
543 err = mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
547 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %s %s %lluKiB %s\n",
548 md->disk->disk_name, mmc_card_id(card), mmc_card_name(card),
549 (unsigned long long)(get_capacity(md->disk) >> 1),
550 md->read_only ? "(ro)" : "");
552 mmc_set_drvdata(card, md);
562 static void mmc_blk_remove(struct mmc_card *card)
564 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
567 /* Stop new requests from getting into the queue */
568 del_gendisk(md->disk);
570 /* Then flush out any already in there */
571 mmc_cleanup_queue(&md->queue);
575 mmc_set_drvdata(card, NULL);
579 static int mmc_blk_suspend(struct mmc_card *card, pm_message_t state)
581 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
584 mmc_queue_suspend(&md->queue);
589 static int mmc_blk_resume(struct mmc_card *card)
591 struct mmc_blk_data *md = mmc_get_drvdata(card);
594 mmc_blk_set_blksize(md, card);
595 mmc_queue_resume(&md->queue);
600 #define mmc_blk_suspend NULL
601 #define mmc_blk_resume NULL
604 static struct mmc_driver mmc_driver = {
608 .probe = mmc_blk_probe,
609 .remove = mmc_blk_remove,
610 .suspend = mmc_blk_suspend,
611 .resume = mmc_blk_resume,
614 static int __init mmc_blk_init(void)
618 res = register_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
622 return mmc_register_driver(&mmc_driver);
628 static void __exit mmc_blk_exit(void)
630 mmc_unregister_driver(&mmc_driver);
631 unregister_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR, "mmc");
634 module_init(mmc_blk_init);
635 module_exit(mmc_blk_exit);
637 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
638 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Multimedia Card (MMC) block device driver");