2 * linux/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
4 * Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
5 * Copyright(C) 2005-2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
6 * Copyright(C) 2006-2007 Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner
8 * No idle tick implementation for low and high resolution timers
10 * Started by: Thomas Gleixner and Ingo Molnar
12 * For licencing details see kernel-base/COPYING
14 #include <linux/cpu.h>
15 #include <linux/err.h>
16 #include <linux/hrtimer.h>
17 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
18 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
19 #include <linux/percpu.h>
20 #include <linux/profile.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/tick.h>
24 #include "tick-internal.h"
27 * Per cpu nohz control structure
29 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tick_sched, tick_cpu_sched);
32 * The time, when the last jiffy update happened. Protected by xtime_lock.
34 static ktime_t last_jiffies_update;
36 struct tick_sched *tick_get_tick_sched(int cpu)
38 return &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
42 * Must be called with interrupts disabled !
44 static void tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_t now)
46 unsigned long ticks = 0;
49 /* Reevalute with xtime_lock held */
50 write_seqlock(&xtime_lock);
52 delta = ktime_sub(now, last_jiffies_update);
53 if (delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64) {
55 delta = ktime_sub(delta, tick_period);
56 last_jiffies_update = ktime_add(last_jiffies_update,
59 /* Slow path for long timeouts */
60 if (unlikely(delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64)) {
61 s64 incr = ktime_to_ns(tick_period);
63 ticks = ktime_divns(delta, incr);
65 last_jiffies_update = ktime_add_ns(last_jiffies_update,
70 write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock);
74 * Initialize and return retrieve the jiffies update.
76 static ktime_t tick_init_jiffy_update(void)
80 write_seqlock(&xtime_lock);
81 /* Did we start the jiffies update yet ? */
82 if (last_jiffies_update.tv64 == 0)
83 last_jiffies_update = tick_next_period;
84 period = last_jiffies_update;
85 write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock);
90 * NOHZ - aka dynamic tick functionality
96 static int tick_nohz_enabled __read_mostly = 1;
99 * Enable / Disable tickless mode
101 static int __init setup_tick_nohz(char *str)
103 if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
104 tick_nohz_enabled = 0;
105 else if (!strcmp(str, "on"))
106 tick_nohz_enabled = 1;
112 __setup("nohz=", setup_tick_nohz);
115 * tick_nohz_update_jiffies - update jiffies when idle was interrupted
117 * Called from interrupt entry when the CPU was idle
119 * In case the sched_tick was stopped on this CPU, we have to check if jiffies
120 * must be updated. Otherwise an interrupt handler could use a stale jiffy
121 * value. We do this unconditionally on any cpu, as we don't know whether the
122 * cpu, which has the update task assigned is in a long sleep.
124 void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(void)
126 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
127 struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
131 if (!ts->tick_stopped)
134 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
137 local_irq_save(flags);
138 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
139 local_irq_restore(flags);
143 * tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick - stop the idle tick from the idle task
145 * When the next event is more than a tick into the future, stop the idle tick
146 * Called either from the idle loop or from irq_exit() when an idle period was
147 * just interrupted by an interrupt which did not cause a reschedule.
149 void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(void)
151 unsigned long seq, last_jiffies, next_jiffies, delta_jiffies, flags;
152 struct tick_sched *ts;
153 ktime_t last_update, expires, now, delta;
156 local_irq_save(flags);
158 cpu = smp_processor_id();
159 ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
161 if (unlikely(ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE))
167 cpu = smp_processor_id();
168 BUG_ON(local_softirq_pending());
172 * When called from irq_exit we need to account the idle sleep time
175 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
176 delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
177 ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
180 ts->idle_entrytime = now;
183 /* Read jiffies and the time when jiffies were updated last */
185 seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock);
186 last_update = last_jiffies_update;
187 last_jiffies = jiffies;
188 } while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));
190 /* Get the next timer wheel timer */
191 next_jiffies = get_next_timer_interrupt(last_jiffies);
192 delta_jiffies = next_jiffies - last_jiffies;
195 * Do not stop the tick, if we are only one off
196 * or if the cpu is required for rcu
198 if (!ts->tick_stopped && (delta_jiffies == 1 || rcu_needs_cpu(cpu)))
201 /* Schedule the tick, if we are at least one jiffie off */
202 if ((long)delta_jiffies >= 1) {
204 if (rcu_needs_cpu(cpu))
207 cpu_set(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
209 * nohz_stop_sched_tick can be called several times before
210 * the nohz_restart_sched_tick is called. This happens when
211 * interrupts arrive which do not cause a reschedule. In the
212 * first call we save the current tick time, so we can restart
213 * the scheduler tick in nohz_restart_sched_tick.
215 if (!ts->tick_stopped) {
216 ts->idle_tick = ts->sched_timer.expires;
217 ts->tick_stopped = 1;
218 ts->idle_jiffies = last_jiffies;
221 * calculate the expiry time for the next timer wheel
224 expires = ktime_add_ns(last_update, tick_period.tv64 *
226 ts->idle_expires = expires;
229 if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) {
230 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, expires,
232 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
233 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
235 } else if(!tick_program_event(expires, 0))
238 * We are past the event already. So we crossed a
239 * jiffie boundary. Update jiffies and raise the
242 tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_get());
243 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
245 raise_softirq_irqoff(TIMER_SOFTIRQ);
247 ts->next_jiffies = next_jiffies;
248 ts->last_jiffies = last_jiffies;
250 local_irq_restore(flags);
254 * nohz_restart_sched_tick - restart the idle tick from the idle task
256 * Restart the idle tick when the CPU is woken up from idle
258 void tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick(void)
260 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
261 struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
265 if (!ts->tick_stopped)
268 /* Update jiffies first */
272 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
273 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
275 /* Account the idle time */
276 delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
277 ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
280 * We stopped the tick in idle. Update process times would miss the
281 * time we slept as update_process_times does only a 1 tick
282 * accounting. Enforce that this is accounted to idle !
284 ticks = jiffies - ts->idle_jiffies;
286 * We might be one off. Do not randomly account a huge number of ticks!
288 if (ticks && ticks < LONG_MAX) {
289 add_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
290 account_system_time(current, HARDIRQ_OFFSET,
291 jiffies_to_cputime(ticks));
292 sub_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
296 * Cancel the scheduled timer and restore the tick
298 ts->tick_stopped = 0;
299 hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
300 ts->sched_timer.expires = ts->idle_tick;
303 /* Forward the time to expire in the future */
304 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
306 if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) {
307 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer,
308 ts->sched_timer.expires,
310 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
311 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
314 if (!tick_program_event(ts->sched_timer.expires, 0))
317 /* Update jiffies and reread time */
318 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
324 static int tick_nohz_reprogram(struct tick_sched *ts, ktime_t now)
326 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
327 return tick_program_event(ts->sched_timer.expires, 0);
331 * The nohz low res interrupt handler
333 static void tick_nohz_handler(struct clock_event_device *dev)
335 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
336 struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
337 ktime_t now = ktime_get();
339 dev->next_event.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;
341 /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */
342 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
345 * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch
346 * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long
347 * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while
348 * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start
349 * of idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we
350 * do when we go busy again does not account too much ticks.
352 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
353 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
357 update_process_times(user_mode(regs));
358 profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING);
360 /* Do not restart, when we are in the idle loop */
361 if (ts->tick_stopped)
364 while (tick_nohz_reprogram(ts, now)) {
366 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
371 * tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz - switch to nohz mode
373 static void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void)
375 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
378 if (!tick_nohz_enabled)
382 if (tick_switch_to_oneshot(tick_nohz_handler)) {
387 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_LOWRES;
390 * Recycle the hrtimer in ts, so we can share the
391 * hrtimer_forward with the highres code.
393 hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
394 /* Get the next period */
395 next = tick_init_jiffy_update();
398 ts->sched_timer.expires = next;
399 if (!tick_program_event(next, 0))
401 next = ktime_add(next, tick_period);
405 printk(KERN_INFO "Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #%d\n",
411 static inline void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void) { }
416 * High resolution timer specific code
418 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS
420 * We rearm the timer until we get disabled by the idle code
421 * Called with interrupts disabled and timer->base->cpu_base->lock held.
423 static enum hrtimer_restart tick_sched_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
425 struct tick_sched *ts =
426 container_of(timer, struct tick_sched, sched_timer);
427 struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base = timer->base->cpu_base;
428 struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
429 ktime_t now = ktime_get();
431 /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */
432 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
435 * Do not call, when we are not in irq context and have
436 * no valid regs pointer
440 * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch
441 * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long
442 * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while
443 * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start of
444 * idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we do
445 * when we go busy again does not account too much ticks.
447 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
448 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
452 * update_process_times() might take tasklist_lock, hence
453 * drop the base lock. sched-tick hrtimers are per-CPU and
454 * never accessible by userspace APIs, so this is safe to do.
456 spin_unlock(&base->lock);
457 update_process_times(user_mode(regs));
458 profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING);
459 spin_lock(&base->lock);
462 /* Do not restart, when we are in the idle loop */
463 if (ts->tick_stopped)
464 return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
466 hrtimer_forward(timer, now, tick_period);
468 return HRTIMER_RESTART;
472 * tick_setup_sched_timer - setup the tick emulation timer
474 void tick_setup_sched_timer(void)
476 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
477 ktime_t now = ktime_get();
480 * Emulate tick processing via per-CPU hrtimers:
482 hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
483 ts->sched_timer.function = tick_sched_timer;
484 ts->sched_timer.cb_mode = HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_SOFTIRQ;
486 /* Get the next period */
487 ts->sched_timer.expires = tick_init_jiffy_update();
490 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
491 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, ts->sched_timer.expires,
493 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
494 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
500 if (tick_nohz_enabled)
501 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES;
505 void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu)
507 struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
509 if (ts->sched_timer.base)
510 hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
511 ts->tick_stopped = 0;
512 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE;
514 #endif /* HIGH_RES_TIMERS */
517 * Async notification about clocksource changes
519 void tick_clock_notify(void)
523 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
524 set_bit(0, &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu).check_clocks);
528 * Async notification about clock event changes
530 void tick_oneshot_notify(void)
532 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
534 set_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks);
538 * Check, if a change happened, which makes oneshot possible.
540 * Called cyclic from the hrtimer softirq (driven by the timer
541 * softirq) allow_nohz signals, that we can switch into low-res nohz
542 * mode, because high resolution timers are disabled (either compile
545 int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz)
547 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
549 if (!test_and_clear_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks))
552 if (ts->nohz_mode != NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE)
555 if (!timekeeping_is_continuous() || !tick_is_oneshot_available())
561 tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz();