1 /* Driver for SanDisk SDDR-09 SmartMedia reader
3 * (c) 2000, 2001 Robert Baruch (autophile@starband.net)
4 * (c) 2002 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
5 * Developed with the assistance of:
6 * (c) 2002 Alan Stern <stern@rowland.org>
8 * The SanDisk SDDR-09 SmartMedia reader uses the Shuttle EUSB-01 chip.
9 * This chip is a programmable USB controller. In the SDDR-09, it has
10 * been programmed to obey a certain limited set of SCSI commands.
11 * This driver translates the "real" SCSI commands to the SDDR-09 SCSI
14 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
15 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
16 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
19 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
20 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
21 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
22 * General Public License for more details.
24 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
25 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
26 * 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
30 * Known vendor commands: 12 bytes, first byte is opcode
32 * E7: read scatter gather
40 * EF: compute checksum (?)
43 #include <linux/errno.h>
44 #include <linux/slab.h>
46 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
47 #include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h>
50 #include "transport.h"
56 #define short_pack(lsb,msb) ( ((u16)(lsb)) | ( ((u16)(msb))<<8 ) )
57 #define LSB_of(s) ((s)&0xFF)
58 #define MSB_of(s) ((s)>>8)
60 /* #define US_DEBUGP printk */
63 * First some stuff that does not belong here:
64 * data on SmartMedia and other cards, completely
65 * unrelated to this driver.
66 * Similar stuff occurs in <linux/mtd/nand_ids.h>.
69 struct nand_flash_dev {
71 int chipshift; /* 1<<cs bytes total capacity */
72 char pageshift; /* 1<<ps bytes in a page */
73 char blockshift; /* 1<<bs pages in an erase block */
74 char zoneshift; /* 1<<zs blocks in a zone */
75 /* # of logical blocks is 125/128 of this */
76 char pageadrlen; /* length of an address in bytes - 1 */
80 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
82 #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01
83 #define NAND_MFR_NATSEMI 0x8f
84 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
85 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
87 static inline char *nand_flash_manufacturer(int manuf_id) {
91 case NAND_MFR_NATSEMI:
93 case NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA:
95 case NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG:
103 * It looks like it is unnecessary to attach manufacturer to the
104 * remaining data: SSFDC prescribes manufacturer-independent id codes.
106 * 256 MB NAND flash has a 5-byte ID with 2nd byte 0xaa, 0xba, 0xca or 0xda.
109 static struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[] = {
111 { 0x6e, 20, 8, 4, 8, 2}, /* 1 MB */
112 { 0xe8, 20, 8, 4, 8, 2}, /* 1 MB */
113 { 0xec, 20, 8, 4, 8, 2}, /* 1 MB */
114 { 0x64, 21, 8, 4, 9, 2}, /* 2 MB */
115 { 0xea, 21, 8, 4, 9, 2}, /* 2 MB */
116 { 0x6b, 22, 9, 4, 9, 2}, /* 4 MB */
117 { 0xe3, 22, 9, 4, 9, 2}, /* 4 MB */
118 { 0xe5, 22, 9, 4, 9, 2}, /* 4 MB */
119 { 0xe6, 23, 9, 4, 10, 2}, /* 8 MB */
120 { 0x73, 24, 9, 5, 10, 2}, /* 16 MB */
121 { 0x75, 25, 9, 5, 10, 2}, /* 32 MB */
122 { 0x76, 26, 9, 5, 10, 3}, /* 64 MB */
123 { 0x79, 27, 9, 5, 10, 3}, /* 128 MB */
126 { 0x5d, 21, 9, 4, 8, 2}, /* 2 MB */
127 { 0xd5, 22, 9, 4, 9, 2}, /* 4 MB */
128 { 0xd6, 23, 9, 4, 10, 2}, /* 8 MB */
129 { 0x57, 24, 9, 4, 11, 2}, /* 16 MB */
130 { 0x58, 25, 9, 4, 12, 2}, /* 32 MB */
134 static struct nand_flash_dev *
135 nand_find_id(unsigned char id) {
138 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nand_flash_ids); i++)
139 if (nand_flash_ids[i].model_id == id)
140 return &(nand_flash_ids[i]);
147 static unsigned char parity[256];
148 static unsigned char ecc2[256];
150 static void nand_init_ecc(void) {
154 for (i = 1; i < 256; i++)
155 parity[i] = (parity[i&(i-1)] ^ 1);
157 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
159 for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
169 ecc2[i] = ~(a ^ (a<<1) ^ (parity[i] ? 0xa8 : 0));
173 /* compute 3-byte ecc on 256 bytes */
174 static void nand_compute_ecc(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *ecc) {
176 unsigned char par, bit, bits[8];
179 for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
182 /* collect 16 checksum bits */
183 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
185 bit = parity[data[i]];
186 for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
187 if ((i & (1<<j)) == 0)
191 /* put 4+4+4 = 12 bits in the ecc */
192 a = (bits[3] << 6) + (bits[2] << 4) + (bits[1] << 2) + bits[0];
193 ecc[0] = ~(a ^ (a<<1) ^ (parity[par] ? 0xaa : 0));
195 a = (bits[7] << 6) + (bits[6] << 4) + (bits[5] << 2) + bits[4];
196 ecc[1] = ~(a ^ (a<<1) ^ (parity[par] ? 0xaa : 0));
201 static int nand_compare_ecc(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *ecc) {
202 return (data[0] == ecc[0] && data[1] == ecc[1] && data[2] == ecc[2]);
205 static void nand_store_ecc(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *ecc) {
206 memcpy(data, ecc, 3);
210 * The actual driver starts here.
213 struct sddr09_card_info {
214 unsigned long capacity; /* Size of card in bytes */
215 int pagesize; /* Size of page in bytes */
216 int pageshift; /* log2 of pagesize */
217 int blocksize; /* Size of block in pages */
218 int blockshift; /* log2 of blocksize */
219 int blockmask; /* 2^blockshift - 1 */
220 int *lba_to_pba; /* logical to physical map */
221 int *pba_to_lba; /* physical to logical map */
222 int lbact; /* number of available pages */
224 #define SDDR09_WP 1 /* write protected */
228 * On my 16MB card, control blocks have size 64 (16 real control bytes,
229 * and 48 junk bytes). In reality of course the card uses 16 control bytes,
230 * so the reader makes up the remaining 48. Don't know whether these numbers
231 * depend on the card. For now a constant.
233 #define CONTROL_SHIFT 6
236 * On my Combo CF/SM reader, the SM reader has LUN 1.
237 * (and things fail with LUN 0).
238 * It seems LUN is irrelevant for others.
241 #define LUNBITS (LUN << 5)
244 * LBA and PBA are unsigned ints. Special values.
246 #define UNDEF 0xffffffff
247 #define SPARE 0xfffffffe
248 #define UNUSABLE 0xfffffffd
250 static const int erase_bad_lba_entries = 0;
252 /* send vendor interface command (0x41) */
253 /* called for requests 0, 1, 8 */
255 sddr09_send_command(struct us_data *us,
256 unsigned char request,
257 unsigned char direction,
258 unsigned char *xfer_data,
259 unsigned int xfer_len) {
261 unsigned char requesttype = (0x41 | direction);
264 // Get the receive or send control pipe number
266 if (direction == USB_DIR_IN)
267 pipe = us->recv_ctrl_pipe;
269 pipe = us->send_ctrl_pipe;
271 rc = usb_stor_ctrl_transfer(us, pipe, request, requesttype,
272 0, 0, xfer_data, xfer_len);
274 case USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD: return 0;
275 case USB_STOR_XFER_STALLED: return -EPIPE;
276 default: return -EIO;
281 sddr09_send_scsi_command(struct us_data *us,
282 unsigned char *command,
283 unsigned int command_len) {
284 return sddr09_send_command(us, 0, USB_DIR_OUT, command, command_len);
289 * Test Unit Ready Command: 12 bytes.
293 sddr09_test_unit_ready(struct us_data *us) {
294 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
297 memset(command, 0, 6);
298 command[1] = LUNBITS;
300 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 6);
302 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_test_unit_ready returns %d\n", result);
309 * Request Sense Command: 12 bytes.
311 * byte 4: data length
314 sddr09_request_sense(struct us_data *us, unsigned char *sensebuf, int buflen) {
315 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
318 memset(command, 0, 12);
320 command[1] = LUNBITS;
323 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
327 result = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
328 sensebuf, buflen, NULL);
329 return (result == USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD ? 0 : -EIO);
333 * Read Command: 12 bytes.
335 * byte 1: last two bits: 00: read data, 01: read blockwise control,
336 * 10: read both, 11: read pagewise control.
337 * It turns out we need values 20, 21, 22, 23 here (LUN 1).
338 * bytes 2-5: address (interpretation depends on byte 1, see below)
339 * bytes 10-11: count (idem)
341 * A page has 512 data bytes and 64 control bytes (16 control and 48 junk).
342 * A read data command gets data in 512-byte pages.
343 * A read control command gets control in 64-byte chunks.
344 * A read both command gets data+control in 576-byte chunks.
346 * Blocks are groups of 32 pages, and read blockwise control jumps to the
347 * next block, while read pagewise control jumps to the next page after
348 * reading a group of 64 control bytes.
349 * [Here 512 = 1<<pageshift, 32 = 1<<blockshift, 64 is constant?]
351 * (1 MB and 2 MB cards are a bit different, but I have only a 16 MB card.)
355 sddr09_readX(struct us_data *us, int x, unsigned long fromaddress,
356 int nr_of_pages, int bulklen, unsigned char *buf,
359 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
363 command[1] = LUNBITS | x;
364 command[2] = MSB_of(fromaddress>>16);
365 command[3] = LSB_of(fromaddress>>16);
366 command[4] = MSB_of(fromaddress & 0xFFFF);
367 command[5] = LSB_of(fromaddress & 0xFFFF);
372 command[10] = MSB_of(nr_of_pages);
373 command[11] = LSB_of(nr_of_pages);
375 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
378 US_DEBUGP("Result for send_control in sddr09_read2%d %d\n",
383 result = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_sg(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
384 buf, bulklen, use_sg, NULL);
386 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD) {
387 US_DEBUGP("Result for bulk_transfer in sddr09_read2%d %d\n",
397 * fromaddress counts data shorts:
398 * increasing it by 256 shifts the bytestream by 512 bytes;
399 * the last 8 bits are ignored.
401 * nr_of_pages counts pages of size (1 << pageshift).
404 sddr09_read20(struct us_data *us, unsigned long fromaddress,
405 int nr_of_pages, int pageshift, unsigned char *buf, int use_sg) {
406 int bulklen = nr_of_pages << pageshift;
408 /* The last 8 bits of fromaddress are ignored. */
409 return sddr09_readX(us, 0, fromaddress, nr_of_pages, bulklen,
414 * Read Blockwise Control
416 * fromaddress gives the starting position (as in read data;
417 * the last 8 bits are ignored); increasing it by 32*256 shifts
418 * the output stream by 64 bytes.
420 * count counts control groups of size (1 << controlshift).
421 * For me, controlshift = 6. Is this constant?
423 * After getting one control group, jump to the next block
424 * (fromaddress += 8192).
427 sddr09_read21(struct us_data *us, unsigned long fromaddress,
428 int count, int controlshift, unsigned char *buf, int use_sg) {
430 int bulklen = (count << controlshift);
431 return sddr09_readX(us, 1, fromaddress, count, bulklen,
436 * Read both Data and Control
438 * fromaddress counts data shorts, ignoring control:
439 * increasing it by 256 shifts the bytestream by 576 = 512+64 bytes;
440 * the last 8 bits are ignored.
442 * nr_of_pages counts pages of size (1 << pageshift) + (1 << controlshift).
445 sddr09_read22(struct us_data *us, unsigned long fromaddress,
446 int nr_of_pages, int pageshift, unsigned char *buf, int use_sg) {
448 int bulklen = (nr_of_pages << pageshift) + (nr_of_pages << CONTROL_SHIFT);
449 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_read22: reading %d pages, %d bytes\n",
450 nr_of_pages, bulklen);
451 return sddr09_readX(us, 2, fromaddress, nr_of_pages, bulklen,
457 * Read Pagewise Control
459 * fromaddress gives the starting position (as in read data;
460 * the last 8 bits are ignored); increasing it by 256 shifts
461 * the output stream by 64 bytes.
463 * count counts control groups of size (1 << controlshift).
464 * For me, controlshift = 6. Is this constant?
466 * After getting one control group, jump to the next page
467 * (fromaddress += 256).
470 sddr09_read23(struct us_data *us, unsigned long fromaddress,
471 int count, int controlshift, unsigned char *buf, int use_sg) {
473 int bulklen = (count << controlshift);
474 return sddr09_readX(us, 3, fromaddress, count, bulklen,
480 * Erase Command: 12 bytes.
482 * bytes 6-9: erase address (big-endian, counting shorts, sector aligned).
484 * Always precisely one block is erased; bytes 2-5 and 10-11 are ignored.
485 * The byte address being erased is 2*Eaddress.
486 * The CIS cannot be erased.
489 sddr09_erase(struct us_data *us, unsigned long Eaddress) {
490 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
493 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_erase: erase address %lu\n", Eaddress);
495 memset(command, 0, 12);
497 command[1] = LUNBITS;
498 command[6] = MSB_of(Eaddress>>16);
499 command[7] = LSB_of(Eaddress>>16);
500 command[8] = MSB_of(Eaddress & 0xFFFF);
501 command[9] = LSB_of(Eaddress & 0xFFFF);
503 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
506 US_DEBUGP("Result for send_control in sddr09_erase %d\n",
513 * Write CIS Command: 12 bytes.
515 * bytes 2-5: write address in shorts
516 * bytes 10-11: sector count
518 * This writes at the indicated address. Don't know how it differs
519 * from E9. Maybe it does not erase? However, it will also write to
522 * When two such commands on the same page follow each other directly,
523 * the second one is not done.
527 * Write Command: 12 bytes.
529 * bytes 2-5: write address (big-endian, counting shorts, sector aligned).
530 * bytes 6-9: erase address (big-endian, counting shorts, sector aligned).
531 * bytes 10-11: sector count (big-endian, in 512-byte sectors).
533 * If write address equals erase address, the erase is done first,
534 * otherwise the write is done first. When erase address equals zero
538 sddr09_writeX(struct us_data *us,
539 unsigned long Waddress, unsigned long Eaddress,
540 int nr_of_pages, int bulklen, unsigned char *buf, int use_sg) {
542 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
546 command[1] = LUNBITS;
548 command[2] = MSB_of(Waddress>>16);
549 command[3] = LSB_of(Waddress>>16);
550 command[4] = MSB_of(Waddress & 0xFFFF);
551 command[5] = LSB_of(Waddress & 0xFFFF);
553 command[6] = MSB_of(Eaddress>>16);
554 command[7] = LSB_of(Eaddress>>16);
555 command[8] = MSB_of(Eaddress & 0xFFFF);
556 command[9] = LSB_of(Eaddress & 0xFFFF);
558 command[10] = MSB_of(nr_of_pages);
559 command[11] = LSB_of(nr_of_pages);
561 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
564 US_DEBUGP("Result for send_control in sddr09_writeX %d\n",
569 result = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_sg(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
570 buf, bulklen, use_sg, NULL);
572 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD) {
573 US_DEBUGP("Result for bulk_transfer in sddr09_writeX %d\n",
580 /* erase address, write same address */
582 sddr09_write_inplace(struct us_data *us, unsigned long address,
583 int nr_of_pages, int pageshift, unsigned char *buf,
585 int bulklen = (nr_of_pages << pageshift) + (nr_of_pages << CONTROL_SHIFT);
586 return sddr09_writeX(us, address, address, nr_of_pages, bulklen,
592 * Read Scatter Gather Command: 3+4n bytes.
595 * bytes 4i-1,4i,4i+1: page address
596 * byte 4i+2: page count
599 * This reads several pages from the card to a single memory buffer.
600 * The last two bits of byte 1 have the same meaning as for E8.
603 sddr09_read_sg_test_only(struct us_data *us) {
604 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
605 int result, bulklen, nsg, ct;
607 unsigned long address;
611 command[1] = LUNBITS;
613 address = 040000; ct = 1;
615 bulklen += (ct << 9);
616 command[4*nsg+2] = ct;
617 command[4*nsg+1] = ((address >> 9) & 0xFF);
618 command[4*nsg+0] = ((address >> 17) & 0xFF);
619 command[4*nsg-1] = ((address >> 25) & 0xFF);
621 address = 0340000; ct = 1;
623 bulklen += (ct << 9);
624 command[4*nsg+2] = ct;
625 command[4*nsg+1] = ((address >> 9) & 0xFF);
626 command[4*nsg+0] = ((address >> 17) & 0xFF);
627 command[4*nsg-1] = ((address >> 25) & 0xFF);
629 address = 01000000; ct = 2;
631 bulklen += (ct << 9);
632 command[4*nsg+2] = ct;
633 command[4*nsg+1] = ((address >> 9) & 0xFF);
634 command[4*nsg+0] = ((address >> 17) & 0xFF);
635 command[4*nsg-1] = ((address >> 25) & 0xFF);
639 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 4*nsg+3);
642 US_DEBUGP("Result for send_control in sddr09_read_sg %d\n",
647 buf = kmalloc(bulklen, GFP_NOIO);
651 result = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
654 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD) {
655 US_DEBUGP("Result for bulk_transfer in sddr09_read_sg %d\n",
665 * Read Status Command: 12 bytes.
668 * Returns 64 bytes, all zero except for the first.
670 * bit 5: 1: Suspended
672 * bit 7: 1: Not write-protected
676 sddr09_read_status(struct us_data *us, unsigned char *status) {
678 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
679 unsigned char *data = us->iobuf;
682 US_DEBUGP("Reading status...\n");
684 memset(command, 0, 12);
686 command[1] = LUNBITS;
688 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
692 result = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
695 return (result == USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD ? 0 : -EIO);
699 sddr09_read_data(struct us_data *us,
700 unsigned long address,
701 unsigned int sectors) {
703 struct sddr09_card_info *info = (struct sddr09_card_info *) us->extra;
704 unsigned char *buffer;
705 unsigned int lba, maxlba, pba;
706 unsigned int page, pages;
707 unsigned int len, offset;
708 struct scatterlist *sg;
711 // Figure out the initial LBA and page
712 lba = address >> info->blockshift;
713 page = (address & info->blockmask);
714 maxlba = info->capacity >> (info->pageshift + info->blockshift);
718 // Since we only read in one block at a time, we have to create
719 // a bounce buffer and move the data a piece at a time between the
720 // bounce buffer and the actual transfer buffer.
722 len = min(sectors, (unsigned int) info->blocksize) * info->pagesize;
723 buffer = kmalloc(len, GFP_NOIO);
724 if (buffer == NULL) {
725 printk("sddr09_read_data: Out of memory\n");
729 // This could be made much more efficient by checking for
730 // contiguous LBA's. Another exercise left to the student.
736 while (sectors > 0) {
738 /* Find number of pages we can read in this block */
739 pages = min(sectors, info->blocksize - page);
740 len = pages << info->pageshift;
742 /* Not overflowing capacity? */
744 US_DEBUGP("Error: Requested lba %u exceeds "
745 "maximum %u\n", lba, maxlba);
750 /* Find where this lba lives on disk */
751 pba = info->lba_to_pba[lba];
753 if (pba == UNDEF) { /* this lba was never written */
755 US_DEBUGP("Read %d zero pages (LBA %d) page %d\n",
758 /* This is not really an error. It just means
759 that the block has never been written.
760 Instead of returning an error
761 it is better to return all zero data. */
763 memset(buffer, 0, len);
766 US_DEBUGP("Read %d pages, from PBA %d"
767 " (LBA %d) page %d\n",
768 pages, pba, lba, page);
770 address = ((pba << info->blockshift) + page) <<
773 result = sddr09_read20(us, address>>1,
774 pages, info->pageshift, buffer, 0);
779 // Store the data in the transfer buffer
780 usb_stor_access_xfer_buf(buffer, len, us->srb,
781 &sg, &offset, TO_XFER_BUF);
793 sddr09_find_unused_pba(struct sddr09_card_info *info, unsigned int lba) {
794 static unsigned int lastpba = 1;
795 int zonestart, end, i;
797 zonestart = (lba/1000) << 10;
798 end = info->capacity >> (info->blockshift + info->pageshift);
803 for (i = lastpba+1; i < end; i++) {
804 if (info->pba_to_lba[zonestart+i] == UNDEF) {
809 for (i = 0; i <= lastpba; i++) {
810 if (info->pba_to_lba[zonestart+i] == UNDEF) {
819 sddr09_write_lba(struct us_data *us, unsigned int lba,
820 unsigned int page, unsigned int pages,
821 unsigned char *ptr, unsigned char *blockbuffer) {
823 struct sddr09_card_info *info = (struct sddr09_card_info *) us->extra;
824 unsigned long address;
825 unsigned int pba, lbap;
826 unsigned int pagelen;
827 unsigned char *bptr, *cptr, *xptr;
828 unsigned char ecc[3];
829 int i, result, isnew;
831 lbap = ((lba % 1000) << 1) | 0x1000;
832 if (parity[MSB_of(lbap) ^ LSB_of(lbap)])
834 pba = info->lba_to_pba[lba];
838 pba = sddr09_find_unused_pba(info, lba);
840 printk("sddr09_write_lba: Out of unused blocks\n");
843 info->pba_to_lba[pba] = lba;
844 info->lba_to_pba[lba] = pba;
849 /* Maybe it is impossible to write to PBA 1.
850 Fake success, but don't do anything. */
851 printk("sddr09: avoid writing to pba 1\n");
855 pagelen = (1 << info->pageshift) + (1 << CONTROL_SHIFT);
857 /* read old contents */
858 address = (pba << (info->pageshift + info->blockshift));
859 result = sddr09_read22(us, address>>1, info->blocksize,
860 info->pageshift, blockbuffer, 0);
864 /* check old contents and fill lba */
865 for (i = 0; i < info->blocksize; i++) {
866 bptr = blockbuffer + i*pagelen;
867 cptr = bptr + info->pagesize;
868 nand_compute_ecc(bptr, ecc);
869 if (!nand_compare_ecc(cptr+13, ecc)) {
870 US_DEBUGP("Warning: bad ecc in page %d- of pba %d\n",
872 nand_store_ecc(cptr+13, ecc);
874 nand_compute_ecc(bptr+(info->pagesize / 2), ecc);
875 if (!nand_compare_ecc(cptr+8, ecc)) {
876 US_DEBUGP("Warning: bad ecc in page %d+ of pba %d\n",
878 nand_store_ecc(cptr+8, ecc);
880 cptr[6] = cptr[11] = MSB_of(lbap);
881 cptr[7] = cptr[12] = LSB_of(lbap);
884 /* copy in new stuff and compute ECC */
886 for (i = page; i < page+pages; i++) {
887 bptr = blockbuffer + i*pagelen;
888 cptr = bptr + info->pagesize;
889 memcpy(bptr, xptr, info->pagesize);
890 xptr += info->pagesize;
891 nand_compute_ecc(bptr, ecc);
892 nand_store_ecc(cptr+13, ecc);
893 nand_compute_ecc(bptr+(info->pagesize / 2), ecc);
894 nand_store_ecc(cptr+8, ecc);
897 US_DEBUGP("Rewrite PBA %d (LBA %d)\n", pba, lba);
899 result = sddr09_write_inplace(us, address>>1, info->blocksize,
900 info->pageshift, blockbuffer, 0);
902 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_write_inplace returns %d\n", result);
906 unsigned char status = 0;
907 int result2 = sddr09_read_status(us, &status);
909 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_write_inplace: cannot read status\n");
910 else if (status != 0xc0)
911 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_write_inplace: status after write: 0x%x\n",
918 int result2 = sddr09_test_unit_ready(us);
926 sddr09_write_data(struct us_data *us,
927 unsigned long address,
928 unsigned int sectors) {
930 struct sddr09_card_info *info = (struct sddr09_card_info *) us->extra;
931 unsigned int lba, maxlba, page, pages;
932 unsigned int pagelen, blocklen;
933 unsigned char *blockbuffer;
934 unsigned char *buffer;
935 unsigned int len, offset;
936 struct scatterlist *sg;
939 // Figure out the initial LBA and page
940 lba = address >> info->blockshift;
941 page = (address & info->blockmask);
942 maxlba = info->capacity >> (info->pageshift + info->blockshift);
946 // blockbuffer is used for reading in the old data, overwriting
947 // with the new data, and performing ECC calculations
949 /* TODO: instead of doing kmalloc/kfree for each write,
950 add a bufferpointer to the info structure */
952 pagelen = (1 << info->pageshift) + (1 << CONTROL_SHIFT);
953 blocklen = (pagelen << info->blockshift);
954 blockbuffer = kmalloc(blocklen, GFP_NOIO);
956 printk("sddr09_write_data: Out of memory\n");
960 // Since we don't write the user data directly to the device,
961 // we have to create a bounce buffer and move the data a piece
962 // at a time between the bounce buffer and the actual transfer buffer.
964 len = min(sectors, (unsigned int) info->blocksize) * info->pagesize;
965 buffer = kmalloc(len, GFP_NOIO);
966 if (buffer == NULL) {
967 printk("sddr09_write_data: Out of memory\n");
976 while (sectors > 0) {
978 // Write as many sectors as possible in this block
980 pages = min(sectors, info->blocksize - page);
981 len = (pages << info->pageshift);
983 /* Not overflowing capacity? */
985 US_DEBUGP("Error: Requested lba %u exceeds "
986 "maximum %u\n", lba, maxlba);
991 // Get the data from the transfer buffer
992 usb_stor_access_xfer_buf(buffer, len, us->srb,
993 &sg, &offset, FROM_XFER_BUF);
995 result = sddr09_write_lba(us, lba, page, pages,
996 buffer, blockbuffer);
1012 sddr09_read_control(struct us_data *us,
1013 unsigned long address,
1014 unsigned int blocks,
1015 unsigned char *content,
1018 US_DEBUGP("Read control address %lu, blocks %d\n",
1021 return sddr09_read21(us, address, blocks,
1022 CONTROL_SHIFT, content, use_sg);
1026 * Read Device ID Command: 12 bytes.
1027 * byte 0: opcode: ED
1029 * Returns 2 bytes: Manufacturer ID and Device ID.
1030 * On more recent cards 3 bytes: the third byte is an option code A5
1031 * signifying that the secret command to read an 128-bit ID is available.
1032 * On still more recent cards 4 bytes: the fourth byte C0 means that
1033 * a second read ID cmd is available.
1036 sddr09_read_deviceID(struct us_data *us, unsigned char *deviceID) {
1037 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
1038 unsigned char *content = us->iobuf;
1041 memset(command, 0, 12);
1043 command[1] = LUNBITS;
1045 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
1049 result = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
1052 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
1053 deviceID[i] = content[i];
1055 return (result == USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD ? 0 : -EIO);
1059 sddr09_get_wp(struct us_data *us, struct sddr09_card_info *info) {
1061 unsigned char status;
1063 result = sddr09_read_status(us, &status);
1065 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_get_wp: read_status fails\n");
1068 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_get_wp: status 0x%02X", status);
1069 if ((status & 0x80) == 0) {
1070 info->flags |= SDDR09_WP; /* write protected */
1074 US_DEBUGP(" Ready");
1075 if (status & LUNBITS)
1076 US_DEBUGP(" Suspended");
1078 US_DEBUGP(" Error");
1085 * Reset Command: 12 bytes.
1086 * byte 0: opcode: EB
1089 sddr09_reset(struct us_data *us) {
1091 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
1093 memset(command, 0, 12);
1095 command[1] = LUNBITS;
1097 return sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, command, 12);
1101 static struct nand_flash_dev *
1102 sddr09_get_cardinfo(struct us_data *us, unsigned char flags) {
1103 struct nand_flash_dev *cardinfo;
1104 unsigned char deviceID[4];
1108 US_DEBUGP("Reading capacity...\n");
1110 result = sddr09_read_deviceID(us, deviceID);
1113 US_DEBUGP("Result of read_deviceID is %d\n", result);
1114 printk("sddr09: could not read card info\n");
1118 sprintf(blurbtxt, "sddr09: Found Flash card, ID = %02X %02X %02X %02X",
1119 deviceID[0], deviceID[1], deviceID[2], deviceID[3]);
1121 /* Byte 0 is the manufacturer */
1122 sprintf(blurbtxt + strlen(blurbtxt),
1124 nand_flash_manufacturer(deviceID[0]));
1126 /* Byte 1 is the device type */
1127 cardinfo = nand_find_id(deviceID[1]);
1129 /* MB or MiB? It is neither. A 16 MB card has
1130 17301504 raw bytes, of which 16384000 are
1131 usable for user data. */
1132 sprintf(blurbtxt + strlen(blurbtxt),
1133 ", %d MB", 1<<(cardinfo->chipshift - 20));
1135 sprintf(blurbtxt + strlen(blurbtxt),
1136 ", type unrecognized");
1139 /* Byte 2 is code to signal availability of 128-bit ID */
1140 if (deviceID[2] == 0xa5) {
1141 sprintf(blurbtxt + strlen(blurbtxt),
1145 /* Byte 3 announces the availability of another read ID command */
1146 if (deviceID[3] == 0xc0) {
1147 sprintf(blurbtxt + strlen(blurbtxt),
1151 if (flags & SDDR09_WP)
1152 sprintf(blurbtxt + strlen(blurbtxt),
1155 printk("%s\n", blurbtxt);
1161 sddr09_read_map(struct us_data *us) {
1163 struct sddr09_card_info *info = (struct sddr09_card_info *) us->extra;
1164 int numblocks, alloc_len, alloc_blocks;
1166 unsigned char *buffer, *buffer_end, *ptr;
1167 unsigned int lba, lbact;
1169 if (!info->capacity)
1172 // size of a block is 1 << (blockshift + pageshift) bytes
1173 // divide into the total capacity to get the number of blocks
1175 numblocks = info->capacity >> (info->blockshift + info->pageshift);
1177 // read 64 bytes for every block (actually 1 << CONTROL_SHIFT)
1178 // but only use a 64 KB buffer
1179 // buffer size used must be a multiple of (1 << CONTROL_SHIFT)
1180 #define SDDR09_READ_MAP_BUFSZ 65536
1182 alloc_blocks = min(numblocks, SDDR09_READ_MAP_BUFSZ >> CONTROL_SHIFT);
1183 alloc_len = (alloc_blocks << CONTROL_SHIFT);
1184 buffer = kmalloc(alloc_len, GFP_NOIO);
1185 if (buffer == NULL) {
1186 printk("sddr09_read_map: out of memory\n");
1190 buffer_end = buffer + alloc_len;
1192 #undef SDDR09_READ_MAP_BUFSZ
1194 kfree(info->lba_to_pba);
1195 kfree(info->pba_to_lba);
1196 info->lba_to_pba = kmalloc(numblocks*sizeof(int), GFP_NOIO);
1197 info->pba_to_lba = kmalloc(numblocks*sizeof(int), GFP_NOIO);
1199 if (info->lba_to_pba == NULL || info->pba_to_lba == NULL) {
1200 printk("sddr09_read_map: out of memory\n");
1205 for (i = 0; i < numblocks; i++)
1206 info->lba_to_pba[i] = info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNDEF;
1209 * Define lba-pba translation table
1213 for (i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
1214 ptr += (1 << CONTROL_SHIFT);
1215 if (ptr >= buffer_end) {
1216 unsigned long address;
1218 address = i << (info->pageshift + info->blockshift);
1219 result = sddr09_read_control(
1221 min(alloc_blocks, numblocks - i),
1230 if (i == 0 || i == 1) {
1231 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
1235 /* special PBAs have control field 0^16 */
1236 for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
1239 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
1240 printk("sddr09: PBA %d has no logical mapping\n", i);
1244 /* unwritten PBAs have control field FF^16 */
1245 for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
1251 /* normal PBAs start with six FFs */
1253 printk("sddr09: PBA %d has no logical mapping: "
1254 "reserved area = %02X%02X%02X%02X "
1255 "data status %02X block status %02X\n",
1256 i, ptr[0], ptr[1], ptr[2], ptr[3],
1258 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
1262 if ((ptr[6] >> 4) != 0x01) {
1263 printk("sddr09: PBA %d has invalid address field "
1264 "%02X%02X/%02X%02X\n",
1265 i, ptr[6], ptr[7], ptr[11], ptr[12]);
1266 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
1270 /* check even parity */
1271 if (parity[ptr[6] ^ ptr[7]]) {
1272 printk("sddr09: Bad parity in LBA for block %d"
1273 " (%02X %02X)\n", i, ptr[6], ptr[7]);
1274 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
1278 lba = short_pack(ptr[7], ptr[6]);
1279 lba = (lba & 0x07FF) >> 1;
1282 * Every 1024 physical blocks ("zone"), the LBA numbers
1283 * go back to zero, but are within a higher block of LBA's.
1284 * Also, there is a maximum of 1000 LBA's per zone.
1285 * In other words, in PBA 1024-2047 you will find LBA 0-999
1286 * which are really LBA 1000-1999. This allows for 24 bad
1287 * or special physical blocks per zone.
1291 printk("sddr09: Bad low LBA %d for block %d\n",
1293 goto possibly_erase;
1296 lba += 1000*(i/0x400);
1298 if (info->lba_to_pba[lba] != UNDEF) {
1299 printk("sddr09: LBA %d seen for PBA %d and %d\n",
1300 lba, info->lba_to_pba[lba], i);
1301 goto possibly_erase;
1304 info->pba_to_lba[i] = lba;
1305 info->lba_to_pba[lba] = i;
1309 if (erase_bad_lba_entries) {
1310 unsigned long address;
1312 address = (i << (info->pageshift + info->blockshift));
1313 sddr09_erase(us, address>>1);
1314 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNDEF;
1316 info->pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
1320 * Approximate capacity. This is not entirely correct yet,
1321 * since a zone with less than 1000 usable pages leads to
1322 * missing LBAs. Especially if it is the last zone, some
1323 * LBAs can be past capacity.
1326 for (i = 0; i < numblocks; i += 1024) {
1329 for (j = 0; j < 1024 && i+j < numblocks; j++) {
1330 if (info->pba_to_lba[i+j] != UNUSABLE) {
1332 info->pba_to_lba[i+j] = SPARE;
1339 info->lbact = lbact;
1340 US_DEBUGP("Found %d LBA's\n", lbact);
1345 kfree(info->lba_to_pba);
1346 kfree(info->pba_to_lba);
1347 info->lba_to_pba = NULL;
1348 info->pba_to_lba = NULL;
1355 sddr09_card_info_destructor(void *extra) {
1356 struct sddr09_card_info *info = (struct sddr09_card_info *)extra;
1361 kfree(info->lba_to_pba);
1362 kfree(info->pba_to_lba);
1366 sddr09_common_init(struct us_data *us) {
1369 /* set the configuration -- STALL is an acceptable response here */
1370 if (us->pusb_dev->actconfig->desc.bConfigurationValue != 1) {
1371 US_DEBUGP("active config #%d != 1 ??\n", us->pusb_dev
1372 ->actconfig->desc.bConfigurationValue);
1376 result = usb_reset_configuration(us->pusb_dev);
1377 US_DEBUGP("Result of usb_reset_configuration is %d\n", result);
1378 if (result == -EPIPE) {
1379 US_DEBUGP("-- stall on control interface\n");
1380 } else if (result != 0) {
1381 /* it's not a stall, but another error -- time to bail */
1382 US_DEBUGP("-- Unknown error. Rejecting device\n");
1386 us->extra = kzalloc(sizeof(struct sddr09_card_info), GFP_NOIO);
1389 us->extra_destructor = sddr09_card_info_destructor;
1397 * This is needed at a very early stage. If this is not listed in the
1398 * unusual devices list but called from here then LUN 0 of the combo reader
1399 * is not recognized. But I do not know what precisely these calls do.
1402 usb_stor_sddr09_dpcm_init(struct us_data *us) {
1404 unsigned char *data = us->iobuf;
1406 result = sddr09_common_init(us);
1410 result = sddr09_send_command(us, 0x01, USB_DIR_IN, data, 2);
1412 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_init: send_command fails\n");
1416 US_DEBUGP("SDDR09init: %02X %02X\n", data[0], data[1]);
1419 result = sddr09_send_command(us, 0x08, USB_DIR_IN, data, 2);
1421 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_init: 2nd send_command fails\n");
1425 US_DEBUGP("SDDR09init: %02X %02X\n", data[0], data[1]);
1428 result = sddr09_request_sense(us, data, 18);
1429 if (result == 0 && data[2] != 0) {
1431 for (j=0; j<18; j++)
1432 printk(" %02X", data[j]);
1434 // get 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 * 00 00 00 00 00 00
1435 // 70: current command
1436 // sense key 0, sense code 0, extd sense code 0
1437 // additional transfer length * = sizeof(data) - 7
1438 // Or: 70 00 06 00 00 00 00 0b 00 00 00 00 28 00 00 00 00 00
1439 // sense key 06, sense code 28: unit attention,
1440 // not ready to ready transition
1445 return 0; /* not result */
1449 * Transport for the Sandisk SDDR-09
1451 int sddr09_transport(struct scsi_cmnd *srb, struct us_data *us)
1453 static unsigned char sensekey = 0, sensecode = 0;
1454 static unsigned char havefakesense = 0;
1456 unsigned char *ptr = us->iobuf;
1457 unsigned long capacity;
1458 unsigned int page, pages;
1460 struct sddr09_card_info *info;
1462 static unsigned char inquiry_response[8] = {
1463 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x02, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
1466 /* note: no block descriptor support */
1467 static unsigned char mode_page_01[19] = {
1468 0x00, 0x0F, 0x00, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x00,
1470 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
1473 info = (struct sddr09_card_info *)us->extra;
1475 if (srb->cmnd[0] == REQUEST_SENSE && havefakesense) {
1476 /* for a faked command, we have to follow with a faked sense */
1481 ptr[12] = sensecode;
1482 usb_stor_set_xfer_buf(ptr, 18, srb);
1483 sensekey = sensecode = havefakesense = 0;
1484 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1489 /* Dummy up a response for INQUIRY since SDDR09 doesn't
1490 respond to INQUIRY commands */
1492 if (srb->cmnd[0] == INQUIRY) {
1493 memcpy(ptr, inquiry_response, 8);
1494 fill_inquiry_response(us, ptr, 36);
1495 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1498 if (srb->cmnd[0] == READ_CAPACITY) {
1499 struct nand_flash_dev *cardinfo;
1501 sddr09_get_wp(us, info); /* read WP bit */
1503 cardinfo = sddr09_get_cardinfo(us, info->flags);
1505 /* probably no media */
1507 sensekey = 0x02; /* not ready */
1508 sensecode = 0x3a; /* medium not present */
1509 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_FAILED;
1512 info->capacity = (1 << cardinfo->chipshift);
1513 info->pageshift = cardinfo->pageshift;
1514 info->pagesize = (1 << info->pageshift);
1515 info->blockshift = cardinfo->blockshift;
1516 info->blocksize = (1 << info->blockshift);
1517 info->blockmask = info->blocksize - 1;
1519 // map initialization, must follow get_cardinfo()
1520 if (sddr09_read_map(us)) {
1521 /* probably out of memory */
1527 capacity = (info->lbact << info->blockshift) - 1;
1529 ((__be32 *) ptr)[0] = cpu_to_be32(capacity);
1533 ((__be32 *) ptr)[1] = cpu_to_be32(info->pagesize);
1534 usb_stor_set_xfer_buf(ptr, 8, srb);
1536 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1539 if (srb->cmnd[0] == MODE_SENSE_10) {
1540 int modepage = (srb->cmnd[2] & 0x3F);
1542 /* They ask for the Read/Write error recovery page,
1543 or for all pages. */
1544 /* %% We should check DBD %% */
1545 if (modepage == 0x01 || modepage == 0x3F) {
1546 US_DEBUGP("SDDR09: Dummy up request for "
1547 "mode page 0x%x\n", modepage);
1549 memcpy(ptr, mode_page_01, sizeof(mode_page_01));
1550 ((__be16*)ptr)[0] = cpu_to_be16(sizeof(mode_page_01) - 2);
1551 ptr[3] = (info->flags & SDDR09_WP) ? 0x80 : 0;
1552 usb_stor_set_xfer_buf(ptr, sizeof(mode_page_01), srb);
1553 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1556 sensekey = 0x05; /* illegal request */
1557 sensecode = 0x24; /* invalid field in CDB */
1558 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_FAILED;
1561 if (srb->cmnd[0] == ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL)
1562 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1566 if (srb->cmnd[0] == READ_10) {
1568 page = short_pack(srb->cmnd[3], srb->cmnd[2]);
1570 page |= short_pack(srb->cmnd[5], srb->cmnd[4]);
1571 pages = short_pack(srb->cmnd[8], srb->cmnd[7]);
1573 US_DEBUGP("READ_10: read page %d pagect %d\n",
1576 result = sddr09_read_data(us, page, pages);
1577 return (result == 0 ? USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD :
1578 USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR);
1581 if (srb->cmnd[0] == WRITE_10) {
1583 page = short_pack(srb->cmnd[3], srb->cmnd[2]);
1585 page |= short_pack(srb->cmnd[5], srb->cmnd[4]);
1586 pages = short_pack(srb->cmnd[8], srb->cmnd[7]);
1588 US_DEBUGP("WRITE_10: write page %d pagect %d\n",
1591 result = sddr09_write_data(us, page, pages);
1592 return (result == 0 ? USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD :
1593 USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR);
1596 /* catch-all for all other commands, except
1597 * pass TEST_UNIT_READY and REQUEST_SENSE through
1599 if (srb->cmnd[0] != TEST_UNIT_READY &&
1600 srb->cmnd[0] != REQUEST_SENSE) {
1601 sensekey = 0x05; /* illegal request */
1602 sensecode = 0x20; /* invalid command */
1604 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_FAILED;
1607 for (; srb->cmd_len<12; srb->cmd_len++)
1608 srb->cmnd[srb->cmd_len] = 0;
1610 srb->cmnd[1] = LUNBITS;
1613 for (i=0; i<12; i++)
1614 sprintf(ptr+strlen(ptr), "%02X ", srb->cmnd[i]);
1616 US_DEBUGP("SDDR09: Send control for command %s\n", ptr);
1618 result = sddr09_send_scsi_command(us, srb->cmnd, 12);
1620 US_DEBUGP("sddr09_transport: sddr09_send_scsi_command "
1621 "returns %d\n", result);
1622 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
1625 if (scsi_bufflen(srb) == 0)
1626 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1628 if (srb->sc_data_direction == DMA_TO_DEVICE ||
1629 srb->sc_data_direction == DMA_FROM_DEVICE) {
1630 unsigned int pipe = (srb->sc_data_direction == DMA_TO_DEVICE)
1631 ? us->send_bulk_pipe : us->recv_bulk_pipe;
1633 US_DEBUGP("SDDR09: %s %d bytes\n",
1634 (srb->sc_data_direction == DMA_TO_DEVICE) ?
1635 "sending" : "receiving",
1638 result = usb_stor_bulk_srb(us, pipe, srb);
1640 return (result == USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD ?
1641 USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD : USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR);
1644 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1648 * Initialization routine for the sddr09 subdriver
1651 usb_stor_sddr09_init(struct us_data *us) {
1652 return sddr09_common_init(us);