2 * arch/xtensa/mm/init.c
4 * Derived from MIPS, PPC.
6 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
7 * License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
10 * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2005 Tensilica Inc.
12 * Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
13 * Joe Taylor <joe@tensilica.com, joetylr@yahoo.com>
18 #include <linux/config.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/signal.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/kernel.h>
23 #include <linux/errno.h>
24 #include <linux/string.h>
25 #include <linux/types.h>
26 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
27 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
28 #include <linux/swap.h>
30 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
31 #include <asm/bootparam.h>
32 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
34 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
36 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
37 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
42 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers);
43 //static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(tlb_lock);
46 * This flag is used to indicate that the page was mapped and modified in
47 * kernel space, so the cache is probably dirty at that address.
48 * If cache aliasing is enabled and the page color mismatches, update_mmu_cache
49 * synchronizes the caches if this bit is set.
52 #define PG_cache_clean PG_arch_1
54 /* References to section boundaries */
56 extern char _ftext, _etext, _fdata, _edata, _rodata_end;
57 extern char __init_begin, __init_end;
60 * mem_reserve(start, end, must_exist)
62 * Reserve some memory from the memory pool.
65 * start Start of region,
67 * must_exist Must exist in memory pool.
70 * 0 (memory area couldn't be mapped)
74 int __init mem_reserve(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int must_exist)
81 start = start & PAGE_MASK;
82 end = PAGE_ALIGN(end);
84 for (i = 0; i < sysmem.nr_banks; i++)
85 if (start < sysmem.bank[i].end
86 && end >= sysmem.bank[i].start)
89 if (i == sysmem.nr_banks) {
91 printk (KERN_WARNING "mem_reserve: [0x%0lx, 0x%0lx) "
92 "not in any region!\n", start, end);
96 if (start > sysmem.bank[i].start) {
97 if (end < sysmem.bank[i].end) {
99 if (sysmem.nr_banks >= SYSMEM_BANKS_MAX)
100 panic("meminfo overflow\n");
101 sysmem.bank[sysmem.nr_banks].start = end;
102 sysmem.bank[sysmem.nr_banks].end = sysmem.bank[i].end;
105 sysmem.bank[i].end = start;
107 if (end < sysmem.bank[i].end)
108 sysmem.bank[i].start = end;
112 sysmem.bank[i].start = sysmem.bank[sysmem.nr_banks].start;
113 sysmem.bank[i].end = sysmem.bank[sysmem.nr_banks].end;
121 * Initialize the bootmem system and give it all the memory we have available.
124 void __init bootmem_init(void)
127 unsigned long bootmap_start, bootmap_size;
130 max_low_pfn = max_pfn = 0;
133 for (i=0; i < sysmem.nr_banks; i++) {
134 pfn = PAGE_ALIGN(sysmem.bank[i].start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
135 if (pfn < min_low_pfn)
137 pfn = PAGE_ALIGN(sysmem.bank[i].end - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
142 if (min_low_pfn > max_pfn)
143 panic("No memory found!\n");
145 max_low_pfn = max_pfn < MAX_LOW_MEMORY >> PAGE_SHIFT ?
146 max_pfn : MAX_LOW_MEMORY >> PAGE_SHIFT;
148 /* Find an area to use for the bootmem bitmap. */
150 bootmap_size = bootmem_bootmap_pages(max_low_pfn) << PAGE_SHIFT;
153 for (i=0; i<sysmem.nr_banks; i++)
154 if (sysmem.bank[i].end - sysmem.bank[i].start >= bootmap_size) {
155 bootmap_start = sysmem.bank[i].start;
159 if (bootmap_start == ~0UL)
160 panic("Cannot find %ld bytes for bootmap\n", bootmap_size);
162 /* Reserve the bootmem bitmap area */
164 mem_reserve(bootmap_start, bootmap_start + bootmap_size, 1);
165 bootmap_size = init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0), min_low_pfn,
166 bootmap_start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
169 /* Add all remaining memory pieces into the bootmem map */
171 for (i=0; i<sysmem.nr_banks; i++)
172 free_bootmem(sysmem.bank[i].start,
173 sysmem.bank[i].end - sysmem.bank[i].start);
178 void __init paging_init(void)
180 unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES];
183 /* All pages are DMA-able, so we put them all in the DMA zone. */
185 zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = max_low_pfn;
186 for (i = 1; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++)
189 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
190 zones_size[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = max_pfn - max_low_pfn;
193 /* Initialize the kernel's page tables. */
195 memset(swapper_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
197 free_area_init(zones_size);
201 * Flush the mmu and reset associated register to default values.
204 void __init init_mmu (void)
206 /* Writing zeros to the <t>TLBCFG special registers ensure
207 * that valid values exist in the register. For existing
208 * PGSZID<w> fields, zero selects the first element of the
209 * page-size array. For nonexistant PGSZID<w> fields, zero is
210 * the best value to write. Also, when changing PGSZID<w>
211 * fields, the corresponding TLB must be flushed.
213 set_itlbcfg_register (0);
214 set_dtlbcfg_register (0);
217 /* Set rasid register to a known value. */
219 set_rasid_register (ASID_ALL_RESERVED);
221 /* Set PTEVADDR special register to the start of the page
222 * table, which is in kernel mappable space (ie. not
223 * statically mapped). This register's value is undefined on
226 set_ptevaddr_register (PGTABLE_START);
230 * Initialize memory pages.
233 void __init mem_init(void)
235 unsigned long codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
236 unsigned long highmemsize, tmp, ram;
238 max_mapnr = num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
239 high_memory = (void *) __va(max_mapnr << PAGE_SHIFT);
242 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
243 #error HIGHGMEM not implemented in init.c
246 totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
248 reservedpages = ram = 0;
249 for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++) {
251 if (PageReserved(mem_map+tmp))
255 codesize = (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_ftext;
256 datasize = (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_fdata;
257 initsize = (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
259 printk("Memory: %luk/%luk available (%ldk kernel code, %ldk reserved, "
260 "%ldk data, %ldk init %ldk highmem)\n",
261 (unsigned long) nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
262 ram << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
264 reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
271 free_reserved_mem(void *start, void *end)
273 for (; start < end; start += PAGE_SIZE) {
274 ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(start));
275 set_page_count(virt_to_page(start), 1);
276 free_page((unsigned long)start);
281 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
282 extern int initrd_is_mapped;
284 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
286 if (initrd_is_mapped) {
287 free_reserved_mem((void*)start, (void*)end);
288 printk ("Freeing initrd memory: %ldk freed\n",(end-start)>>10);
293 void free_initmem(void)
295 free_reserved_mem(&__init_begin, &__init_end);
296 printk("Freeing unused kernel memory: %dk freed\n",
297 (&__init_end - &__init_begin) >> 10);
302 int i, free = 0, total = 0, reserved = 0;
303 int shared = 0, cached = 0;
305 printk("Mem-info:\n");
307 printk("Free swap: %6ldkB\n", nr_swap_pages<<(PAGE_SHIFT-10));
311 if (PageReserved(mem_map+i))
313 else if (PageSwapCache(mem_map+i))
315 else if (!page_count(mem_map + i))
318 shared += page_count(mem_map + i) - 1;
320 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total);
321 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved);
322 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared);
323 printk("%d pages swap cached\n",cached);
324 printk("%d free pages\n", free);
327 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
329 #if (DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
332 * With cache aliasing, the page color of the page in kernel space and user
333 * space might mismatch. We temporarily map the page to a different virtual
334 * address with the same color and clear the page there.
337 void clear_user_page(void *kaddr, unsigned long vaddr, struct page* page)
340 /* There shouldn't be any entries for this page. */
342 __flush_invalidate_dcache_page_phys(__pa(page_address(page)));
344 if (!PAGE_COLOR_EQ(vaddr, kaddr)) {
347 /* Temporarily map page to DTLB_WAY_DCACHE_ALIAS0. */
349 spin_lock(&tlb_lock);
351 p = (unsigned long)pte_val((mk_pte(page,PAGE_KERNEL)));
352 kaddr = (void*)PAGE_COLOR_MAP0(vaddr);
353 v = (unsigned long)kaddr | DTLB_WAY_DCACHE_ALIAS0;
354 __asm__ __volatile__("wdtlb %0,%1; dsync" : :"a" (p), "a" (v));
358 spin_unlock(&tlb_lock);
363 /* We need to make sure that i$ and d$ are coherent. */
365 clear_bit(PG_cache_clean, &page->flags);
369 * With cache aliasing, we have to make sure that the page color of the page
370 * in kernel space matches that of the virtual user address before we read
371 * the page. If the page color differ, we create a temporary DTLB entry with
372 * the corrent page color and use this 'temporary' address as the source.
373 * We then use the same approach as in clear_user_page and copy the data
374 * to the kernel space and clear the PG_cache_clean bit to synchronize caches
378 * Instead of using another 'way' for the temporary DTLB entry, we could
379 * probably use the same entry that points to the kernel address (after
380 * saving the original value and restoring it when we are done).
383 void copy_user_page(void* to, void* from, unsigned long vaddr,
384 struct page* to_page)
386 /* There shouldn't be any entries for the new page. */
388 __flush_invalidate_dcache_page_phys(__pa(page_address(to_page)));
390 spin_lock(&tlb_lock);
392 if (!PAGE_COLOR_EQ(vaddr, from)) {
393 unsigned long v, p, t;
395 __asm__ __volatile__ ("pdtlb %1,%2; rdtlb1 %0,%1"
396 : "=a"(p), "=a"(t) : "a"(from));
397 from = (void*)PAGE_COLOR_MAP0(vaddr);
398 v = (unsigned long)from | DTLB_WAY_DCACHE_ALIAS0;
399 __asm__ __volatile__ ("wdtlb %0,%1; dsync" ::"a" (p), "a" (v));
402 if (!PAGE_COLOR_EQ(vaddr, to)) {
405 p = (unsigned long)pte_val((mk_pte(to_page,PAGE_KERNEL)));
406 to = (void*)PAGE_COLOR_MAP1(vaddr);
407 v = (unsigned long)to | DTLB_WAY_DCACHE_ALIAS1;
408 __asm__ __volatile__ ("wdtlb %0,%1; dsync" ::"a" (p), "a" (v));
412 spin_unlock(&tlb_lock);
414 /* We need to make sure that i$ and d$ are coherent. */
416 clear_bit(PG_cache_clean, &to_page->flags);
422 * Any time the kernel writes to a user page cache page, or it is about to
423 * read from a page cache page this routine is called.
426 * The kernel currently only provides one architecture bit in the page
427 * flags that we use for I$/D$ coherency. Maybe, in future, we can
428 * use a sepearte bit for deferred dcache aliasing:
429 * If the page is not mapped yet, we only need to set a flag,
430 * if mapped, we need to invalidate the page.
432 // FIXME: we probably need this for WB caches not only for Page Coloring..
434 void flush_dcache_page(struct page *page)
436 unsigned long addr = __pa(page_address(page));
437 struct address_space *mapping = page_mapping(page);
439 __flush_invalidate_dcache_page_phys(addr);
441 if (!test_bit(PG_cache_clean, &page->flags))
444 /* If this page hasn't been mapped, yet, handle I$/D$ coherency later.*/
446 if (mapping && !mapping_mapped(mapping))
447 clear_bit(PG_cache_clean, &page->flags);
450 __invalidate_icache_page_phys(addr);
453 void flush_cache_range(struct vm_area_struct* vma, unsigned long s,
456 __flush_invalidate_cache_all();
459 void flush_cache_page(struct vm_area_struct* vma, unsigned long address,
462 struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
464 /* Remove any entry for the old mapping. */
466 if (current->active_mm == vma->vm_mm) {
467 unsigned long addr = __pa(page_address(page));
468 __flush_invalidate_dcache_page_phys(addr);
469 if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC) != 0)
470 __invalidate_icache_page_phys(addr);
476 #endif /* (DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE) */
479 pte_t* pte_alloc_one_kernel (struct mm_struct* mm, unsigned long addr)
481 pte_t* pte = (pte_t*)__get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_REPEAT, 0);
483 pte_t* ptep = (pte_t*)(pte_val(*pte) + PAGE_OFFSET);
485 for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++, ptep++)
486 pte_clear(mm, addr, ptep);
491 struct page* pte_alloc_one(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
495 page = alloc_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_REPEAT, 0);
498 pte_t* ptep = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER0);
501 for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++, ptep++)
502 pte_clear(mm, addr, ptep);
504 kunmap_atomic(ptep, KM_USER0);
511 * Handle D$/I$ coherency.
514 * We only have one architecture bit for the page flags, so we cannot handle
515 * cache aliasing, yet.
519 update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct * vma, unsigned long addr, pte_t pte)
521 unsigned long pfn = pte_pfn(pte);
523 unsigned long vaddr = addr & PAGE_MASK;
528 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
530 invalidate_itlb_mapping(addr);
531 invalidate_dtlb_mapping(addr);
533 /* We have a new mapping. Use it. */
535 write_dtlb_entry(pte, dtlb_probe(addr));
537 /* If the processor can execute from this page, synchronize D$/I$. */
539 if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC) != 0) {
541 write_itlb_entry(pte, itlb_probe(addr));
543 /* Synchronize caches, if not clean. */
545 if (!test_and_set_bit(PG_cache_clean, &page->flags)) {
546 __flush_dcache_page(vaddr);
547 __invalidate_icache_page(vaddr);