1 /* Generate assembler source containing symbol information
3 * Copyright 2002 by Kai Germaschewski
5 * This software may be used and distributed according to the terms
6 * of the GNU General Public License, incorporated herein by reference.
8 * Usage: nm -n vmlinux | scripts/kallsyms [--all-symbols] > symbols.S
10 * Table compression uses all the unused char codes on the symbols and
11 * maps these to the most used substrings (tokens). For instance, it might
12 * map char code 0xF7 to represent "write_" and then in every symbol where
13 * "write_" appears it can be replaced by 0xF7, saving 5 bytes.
14 * The used codes themselves are also placed in the table so that the
15 * decompresion can work without "special cases".
16 * Applied to kernel symbols, this usually produces a compression ratio
26 #define KSYM_NAME_LEN 128
29 unsigned long long addr;
31 unsigned int start_pos;
35 static struct sym_entry *table;
36 static unsigned int table_size, table_cnt;
37 static unsigned long long _text, _stext, _etext, _sinittext, _einittext;
38 static int all_symbols = 0;
39 static char symbol_prefix_char = '\0';
41 int token_profit[0x10000];
43 /* the table that holds the result of the compression */
44 unsigned char best_table[256][2];
45 unsigned char best_table_len[256];
48 static void usage(void)
50 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: kallsyms [--all-symbols] [--symbol-prefix=<prefix char>] < in.map > out.S\n");
55 * This ignores the intensely annoying "mapping symbols" found
56 * in ARM ELF files: $a, $t and $d.
58 static inline int is_arm_mapping_symbol(const char *str)
60 return str[0] == '$' && strchr("atd", str[1])
61 && (str[2] == '\0' || str[2] == '.');
64 static int read_symbol(FILE *in, struct sym_entry *s)
70 rc = fscanf(in, "%llx %c %499s\n", &s->addr, &stype, str);
80 /* skip prefix char */
81 if (symbol_prefix_char && str[0] == symbol_prefix_char)
84 /* Ignore most absolute/undefined (?) symbols. */
85 if (strcmp(sym, "_text") == 0)
87 else if (strcmp(sym, "_stext") == 0)
89 else if (strcmp(sym, "_etext") == 0)
91 else if (strcmp(sym, "_sinittext") == 0)
93 else if (strcmp(sym, "_einittext") == 0)
95 else if (toupper(stype) == 'A')
97 /* Keep these useful absolute symbols */
98 if (strcmp(sym, "__kernel_syscall_via_break") &&
99 strcmp(sym, "__kernel_syscall_via_epc") &&
100 strcmp(sym, "__kernel_sigtramp") &&
105 else if (toupper(stype) == 'U' ||
106 is_arm_mapping_symbol(sym))
108 /* exclude also MIPS ELF local symbols ($L123 instead of .L123) */
109 else if (str[0] == '$')
111 /* exclude debugging symbols */
112 else if (stype == 'N')
115 /* include the type field in the symbol name, so that it gets
116 * compressed together */
117 s->len = strlen(str) + 1;
118 s->sym = malloc(s->len + 1);
120 fprintf(stderr, "kallsyms failure: "
121 "unable to allocate required amount of memory\n");
124 strcpy((char *)s->sym + 1, str);
130 static int symbol_valid(struct sym_entry *s)
132 /* Symbols which vary between passes. Passes 1 and 2 must have
133 * identical symbol lists. The kallsyms_* symbols below are only added
134 * after pass 1, they would be included in pass 2 when --all-symbols is
135 * specified so exclude them to get a stable symbol list.
137 static char *special_symbols[] = {
138 "kallsyms_addresses",
142 "kallsyms_token_table",
143 "kallsyms_token_index",
145 /* Exclude linker generated symbols which vary between passes */
146 "_SDA_BASE_", /* ppc */
147 "_SDA2_BASE_", /* ppc */
152 /* skip prefix char */
153 if (symbol_prefix_char && *(s->sym + 1) == symbol_prefix_char)
156 /* if --all-symbols is not specified, then symbols outside the text
157 * and inittext sections are discarded */
159 if ((s->addr < _stext || s->addr > _etext)
160 && (s->addr < _sinittext || s->addr > _einittext))
162 /* Corner case. Discard any symbols with the same value as
163 * _etext _einittext; they can move between pass 1 and 2 when
164 * the kallsyms data are added. If these symbols move then
165 * they may get dropped in pass 2, which breaks the kallsyms
168 if ((s->addr == _etext &&
169 strcmp((char *)s->sym + offset, "_etext")) ||
170 (s->addr == _einittext &&
171 strcmp((char *)s->sym + offset, "_einittext")))
175 /* Exclude symbols which vary between passes. */
176 if (strstr((char *)s->sym + offset, "_compiled."))
179 for (i = 0; special_symbols[i]; i++)
180 if( strcmp((char *)s->sym + offset, special_symbols[i]) == 0 )
186 static void read_map(FILE *in)
189 if (table_cnt >= table_size) {
191 table = realloc(table, sizeof(*table) * table_size);
193 fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n");
197 if (read_symbol(in, &table[table_cnt]) == 0) {
198 table[table_cnt].start_pos = table_cnt;
204 static void output_label(char *label)
206 if (symbol_prefix_char)
207 printf(".globl %c%s\n", symbol_prefix_char, label);
209 printf(".globl %s\n", label);
211 if (symbol_prefix_char)
212 printf("%c%s:\n", symbol_prefix_char, label);
214 printf("%s:\n", label);
217 /* uncompress a compressed symbol. When this function is called, the best table
218 * might still be compressed itself, so the function needs to be recursive */
219 static int expand_symbol(unsigned char *data, int len, char *result)
221 int c, rlen, total=0;
225 /* if the table holds a single char that is the same as the one
226 * we are looking for, then end the search */
227 if (best_table[c][0]==c && best_table_len[c]==1) {
231 /* if not, recurse and expand */
232 rlen = expand_symbol(best_table[c], best_table_len[c], result);
244 static void write_src(void)
246 unsigned int i, k, off;
247 unsigned int best_idx[256];
248 unsigned int *markers;
249 char buf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
251 printf("#include <asm/types.h>\n");
252 printf("#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64\n");
253 printf("#define PTR .quad\n");
254 printf("#define ALGN .align 8\n");
256 printf("#define PTR .long\n");
257 printf("#define ALGN .align 4\n");
260 printf("\t.section .rodata, \"a\"\n");
262 /* Provide proper symbols relocatability by their '_text'
263 * relativeness. The symbol names cannot be used to construct
264 * normal symbol references as the list of symbols contains
265 * symbols that are declared static and are private to their
266 * .o files. This prevents .tmp_kallsyms.o or any other
267 * object from referencing them.
269 output_label("kallsyms_addresses");
270 for (i = 0; i < table_cnt; i++) {
271 if (toupper(table[i].sym[0]) != 'A') {
272 if (_text <= table[i].addr)
273 printf("\tPTR\t_text + %#llx\n",
274 table[i].addr - _text);
276 printf("\tPTR\t_text - %#llx\n",
277 _text - table[i].addr);
279 printf("\tPTR\t%#llx\n", table[i].addr);
284 output_label("kallsyms_num_syms");
285 printf("\tPTR\t%d\n", table_cnt);
288 /* table of offset markers, that give the offset in the compressed stream
289 * every 256 symbols */
290 markers = malloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * ((table_cnt + 255) / 256));
292 fprintf(stderr, "kallsyms failure: "
293 "unable to allocate required memory\n");
297 output_label("kallsyms_names");
299 for (i = 0; i < table_cnt; i++) {
301 markers[i >> 8] = off;
303 printf("\t.byte 0x%02x", table[i].len);
304 for (k = 0; k < table[i].len; k++)
305 printf(", 0x%02x", table[i].sym[k]);
308 off += table[i].len + 1;
312 output_label("kallsyms_markers");
313 for (i = 0; i < ((table_cnt + 255) >> 8); i++)
314 printf("\tPTR\t%d\n", markers[i]);
319 output_label("kallsyms_token_table");
321 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
323 expand_symbol(best_table[i], best_table_len[i], buf);
324 printf("\t.asciz\t\"%s\"\n", buf);
325 off += strlen(buf) + 1;
329 output_label("kallsyms_token_index");
330 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
331 printf("\t.short\t%d\n", best_idx[i]);
336 /* table lookup compression functions */
338 /* count all the possible tokens in a symbol */
339 static void learn_symbol(unsigned char *symbol, int len)
343 for (i = 0; i < len - 1; i++)
344 token_profit[ symbol[i] + (symbol[i + 1] << 8) ]++;
347 /* decrease the count for all the possible tokens in a symbol */
348 static void forget_symbol(unsigned char *symbol, int len)
352 for (i = 0; i < len - 1; i++)
353 token_profit[ symbol[i] + (symbol[i + 1] << 8) ]--;
356 /* remove all the invalid symbols from the table and do the initial token count */
357 static void build_initial_tok_table(void)
362 for (i = 0; i < table_cnt; i++) {
363 if ( symbol_valid(&table[i]) ) {
365 table[pos] = table[i];
366 learn_symbol(table[pos].sym, table[pos].len);
373 static void *find_token(unsigned char *str, int len, unsigned char *token)
377 for (i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {
378 if (str[i] == token[0] && str[i+1] == token[1])
384 /* replace a given token in all the valid symbols. Use the sampled symbols
385 * to update the counts */
386 static void compress_symbols(unsigned char *str, int idx)
388 unsigned int i, len, size;
389 unsigned char *p1, *p2;
391 for (i = 0; i < table_cnt; i++) {
396 /* find the token on the symbol */
397 p2 = find_token(p1, len, str);
400 /* decrease the counts for this symbol's tokens */
401 forget_symbol(table[i].sym, len);
409 memmove(p2, p2 + 1, size);
415 /* find the token on the symbol */
416 p2 = find_token(p1, size, str);
422 /* increase the counts for this symbol's new tokens */
423 learn_symbol(table[i].sym, len);
427 /* search the token with the maximum profit */
428 static int find_best_token(void)
430 int i, best, bestprofit;
435 for (i = 0; i < 0x10000; i++) {
436 if (token_profit[i] > bestprofit) {
438 bestprofit = token_profit[i];
444 /* this is the core of the algorithm: calculate the "best" table */
445 static void optimize_result(void)
449 /* using the '\0' symbol last allows compress_symbols to use standard
450 * fast string functions */
451 for (i = 255; i >= 0; i--) {
453 /* if this table slot is empty (it is not used by an actual
454 * original char code */
455 if (!best_table_len[i]) {
457 /* find the token with the breates profit value */
458 best = find_best_token();
460 /* place it in the "best" table */
461 best_table_len[i] = 2;
462 best_table[i][0] = best & 0xFF;
463 best_table[i][1] = (best >> 8) & 0xFF;
465 /* replace this token in all the valid symbols */
466 compress_symbols(best_table[i], i);
471 /* start by placing the symbols that are actually used on the table */
472 static void insert_real_symbols_in_table(void)
474 unsigned int i, j, c;
476 memset(best_table, 0, sizeof(best_table));
477 memset(best_table_len, 0, sizeof(best_table_len));
479 for (i = 0; i < table_cnt; i++) {
480 for (j = 0; j < table[i].len; j++) {
488 static void optimize_token_table(void)
490 build_initial_tok_table();
492 insert_real_symbols_in_table();
494 /* When valid symbol is not registered, exit to error */
496 fprintf(stderr, "No valid symbol.\n");
503 /* guess for "linker script provide" symbol */
504 static int may_be_linker_script_provide_symbol(const struct sym_entry *se)
506 const char *symbol = (char *)se->sym + 1;
507 int len = se->len - 1;
512 if (symbol[0] != '_' || symbol[1] != '_')
516 if (!memcmp(symbol + 2, "start_", 6))
520 if (!memcmp(symbol + 2, "stop_", 5))
524 if (!memcmp(symbol + 2, "end_", 4))
528 if (!memcmp(symbol + len - 6, "_start", 6))
532 if (!memcmp(symbol + len - 4, "_end", 4))
538 static int prefix_underscores_count(const char *str)
540 const char *tail = str;
548 static int compare_symbols(const void *a, const void *b)
550 const struct sym_entry *sa;
551 const struct sym_entry *sb;
557 /* sort by address first */
558 if (sa->addr > sb->addr)
560 if (sa->addr < sb->addr)
563 /* sort by "weakness" type */
564 wa = (sa->sym[0] == 'w') || (sa->sym[0] == 'W');
565 wb = (sb->sym[0] == 'w') || (sb->sym[0] == 'W');
569 /* sort by "linker script provide" type */
570 wa = may_be_linker_script_provide_symbol(sa);
571 wb = may_be_linker_script_provide_symbol(sb);
575 /* sort by the number of prefix underscores */
576 wa = prefix_underscores_count((const char *)sa->sym + 1);
577 wb = prefix_underscores_count((const char *)sb->sym + 1);
581 /* sort by initial order, so that other symbols are left undisturbed */
582 return sa->start_pos - sb->start_pos;
585 static void sort_symbols(void)
587 qsort(table, table_cnt, sizeof(struct sym_entry), compare_symbols);
590 int main(int argc, char **argv)
594 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
595 if(strcmp(argv[i], "--all-symbols") == 0)
597 else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--symbol-prefix=", 16) == 0) {
598 char *p = &argv[i][16];
600 if ((*p == '"' && *(p+2) == '"') || (*p == '\'' && *(p+2) == '\''))
602 symbol_prefix_char = *p;
606 } else if (argc != 1)
611 optimize_token_table();