2 * Copyright (C) 1994-1998 Linus Torvalds & authors (see below)
3 * Copyright (C) 1998-2002 Linux ATA Development
4 * Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
5 * Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat
6 * Copyright (C) 2003-2005, 2007 Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
10 * Mostly written by Mark Lord <mlord@pobox.com>
11 * and Gadi Oxman <gadio@netvision.net.il>
12 * and Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
14 * This is the IDE/ATA disk driver, as evolved from hd.c and ide.c.
17 #include <linux/types.h>
18 #include <linux/string.h>
19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
20 #include <linux/timer.h>
22 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
23 #include <linux/major.h>
24 #include <linux/errno.h>
25 #include <linux/genhd.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/delay.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/leds.h>
30 #include <linux/ide.h>
32 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
34 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
36 #include <asm/div64.h>
40 static const u8 ide_rw_cmds[] = {
43 ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT,
44 ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT,
48 ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE_EXT,
55 static void ide_tf_set_cmd(ide_drive_t *drive, struct ide_cmd *cmd, u8 dma)
57 u8 index, lba48, write;
59 lba48 = (cmd->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_LBA48) ? 2 : 0;
60 write = (cmd->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_WRITE) ? 1 : 0;
63 cmd->protocol = ATA_PROT_DMA;
66 cmd->protocol = ATA_PROT_PIO;
67 if (drive->mult_count) {
68 cmd->tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_MULTI_PIO;
74 cmd->tf.command = ide_rw_cmds[index + lba48 + write];
78 * __ide_do_rw_disk() issues READ and WRITE commands to a disk,
79 * using LBA if supported, or CHS otherwise, to address sectors.
81 static ide_startstop_t __ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
84 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
85 u16 nsectors = (u16)rq->nr_sectors;
86 u8 lba48 = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
87 u8 dma = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_USING_DMA);
89 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
92 if ((hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) && lba48 && dma) {
93 if (block + rq->nr_sectors > 1ULL << 28)
99 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
100 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
102 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) {
104 pr_debug("%s: LBA=0x%012llx\n", drive->name,
105 (unsigned long long)block);
107 tf->hob_nsect = (nsectors >> 8) & 0xff;
108 tf->hob_lbal = (u8)(block >> 24);
109 if (sizeof(block) != 4) {
110 tf->hob_lbam = (u8)((u64)block >> 32);
111 tf->hob_lbah = (u8)((u64)block >> 40);
114 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
115 tf->lbal = (u8) block;
116 tf->lbam = (u8)(block >> 8);
117 tf->lbah = (u8)(block >> 16);
119 cmd.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
121 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
123 tf->lbam = block >>= 8;
124 tf->lbah = block >>= 8;
125 tf->device = (block >> 8) & 0xf;
128 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
130 unsigned int sect, head, cyl, track;
132 track = (int)block / drive->sect;
133 sect = (int)block % drive->sect + 1;
134 head = track % drive->head;
135 cyl = track / drive->head;
137 pr_debug("%s: CHS=%u/%u/%u\n", drive->name, cyl, head, sect);
139 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
146 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_FS;
149 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_WRITE;
151 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &cmd, dma);
155 ide_init_sg_cmd(&cmd, nsectors << 9);
156 ide_map_sg(drive, &cmd);
159 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
161 if (rc == ide_stopped && dma) {
162 /* fallback to PIO */
163 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_DMA_PIO_FALLBACK;
164 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &cmd, 0);
165 ide_init_sg_cmd(&cmd, nsectors << 9);
166 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
173 * 268435455 == 137439 MB or 28bit limit
174 * 320173056 == 163929 MB or 48bit addressing
175 * 1073741822 == 549756 MB or 48bit addressing fake drive
178 static ide_startstop_t ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
181 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
183 BUG_ON(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_BLOCKED);
185 if (!blk_fs_request(rq)) {
186 blk_dump_rq_flags(rq, "ide_do_rw_disk - bad command");
189 ide_complete_rq(drive, -EIO, ide_rq_bytes(rq));
193 ledtrig_ide_activity();
195 pr_debug("%s: %sing: block=%llu, sectors=%lu, buffer=0x%08lx\n",
196 drive->name, rq_data_dir(rq) == READ ? "read" : "writ",
197 (unsigned long long)block, rq->nr_sectors,
198 (unsigned long)rq->buffer);
201 hwif->rw_disk(drive, rq);
203 return __ide_do_rw_disk(drive, rq, block);
207 * Queries for true maximum capacity of the drive.
208 * Returns maximum LBA address (> 0) of the drive, 0 if failed.
210 static u64 idedisk_read_native_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, int lba48)
213 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
216 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
218 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT;
220 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX;
221 tf->device = ATA_LBA;
223 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
225 cmd.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
227 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
229 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
230 if (!(tf->status & ATA_ERR))
231 addr = ide_get_lba_addr(tf, lba48) + 1;
237 * Sets maximum virtual LBA address of the drive.
238 * Returns new maximum virtual LBA address (> 0) or 0 on failure.
240 static u64 idedisk_set_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, u64 addr_req, int lba48)
243 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
248 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
249 tf->lbal = (addr_req >> 0) & 0xff;
250 tf->lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
251 tf->lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
253 tf->hob_lbal = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
254 tf->hob_lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
255 tf->hob_lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
256 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX_EXT;
258 tf->device = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0x0f;
259 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX;
261 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
263 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
265 cmd.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
267 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
269 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
270 if (!(tf->status & ATA_ERR))
271 addr_set = ide_get_lba_addr(tf, lba48) + 1;
276 static unsigned long long sectors_to_MB(unsigned long long n)
278 n <<= 9; /* make it bytes */
279 do_div(n, 1000000); /* make it MB */
284 * Some disks report total number of sectors instead of
285 * maximum sector address. We list them here.
287 static const struct drive_list_entry hpa_list[] = {
288 { "ST340823A", NULL },
289 { "ST320413A", NULL },
290 { "ST310211A", NULL },
294 static void idedisk_check_hpa(ide_drive_t *drive)
296 unsigned long long capacity, set_max;
297 int lba48 = ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id);
299 capacity = drive->capacity64;
301 set_max = idedisk_read_native_max_address(drive, lba48);
303 if (ide_in_drive_list(drive->id, hpa_list)) {
305 * Since we are inclusive wrt to firmware revisions do this
306 * extra check and apply the workaround only when needed.
308 if (set_max == capacity + 1)
312 if (set_max <= capacity)
315 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area detected.\n"
316 "\tcurrent capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n"
317 "\tnative capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
319 capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity),
320 set_max, sectors_to_MB(set_max));
322 set_max = idedisk_set_max_address(drive, set_max, lba48);
325 drive->capacity64 = set_max;
326 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area disabled.\n",
331 static int ide_disk_get_capacity(ide_drive_t *drive)
336 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(id)) {
337 /* drive speaks 48-bit LBA */
339 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u64(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY_2);
340 } else if (ata_id_has_lba(id) && ata_id_is_lba_capacity_ok(id)) {
341 /* drive speaks 28-bit LBA */
343 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u32(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY);
345 /* drive speaks boring old 28-bit CHS */
347 drive->capacity64 = drive->cyl * drive->head * drive->sect;
351 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA;
354 * If this device supports the Host Protected Area feature set,
355 * then we may need to change our opinion about its capacity.
357 if (ata_id_hpa_enabled(id))
358 idedisk_check_hpa(drive);
361 /* limit drive capacity to 137GB if LBA48 cannot be used */
362 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 &&
363 drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
364 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: cannot use LBA48 - full capacity "
365 "%llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
366 drive->name, (unsigned long long)drive->capacity64,
367 sectors_to_MB(drive->capacity64));
368 drive->capacity64 = 1ULL << 28;
371 if ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) &&
372 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48)) {
373 if (drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
374 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cannot use LBA48 DMA - PIO mode"
375 " will be used for accessing sectors "
376 "> %u\n", drive->name, 1 << 28);
378 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
384 static void idedisk_prepare_flush(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
386 ide_drive_t *drive = q->queuedata;
387 struct ide_cmd *cmd = kmalloc(sizeof(*cmd), GFP_ATOMIC);
389 /* FIXME: map struct ide_taskfile on rq->cmd[] */
392 memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
393 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id) &&
394 (drive->capacity64 >= (1UL << 28)))
395 cmd->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
397 cmd->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
398 cmd->tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_OUT_TF | IDE_TFLAG_OUT_DEVICE |
400 cmd->protocol = ATA_PROT_NODATA;
402 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
403 rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_SOFTBARRIER;
407 ide_devset_get(multcount, mult_count);
410 * This is tightly woven into the driver->do_special can not touch.
411 * DON'T do it again until a total personality rewrite is committed.
413 static int set_multcount(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
418 if (arg < 0 || arg > (drive->id[ATA_ID_MAX_MULTSECT] & 0xff))
421 if (drive->special.b.set_multmode)
424 rq = blk_get_request(drive->queue, READ, __GFP_WAIT);
425 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
427 drive->mult_req = arg;
428 drive->special.b.set_multmode = 1;
429 error = blk_execute_rq(drive->queue, NULL, rq, 0);
432 return (drive->mult_count == arg) ? 0 : -EIO;
435 ide_devset_get_flag(nowerr, IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR);
437 static int set_nowerr(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
439 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
443 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
445 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
447 drive->bad_wstat = arg ? BAD_R_STAT : BAD_W_STAT;
452 static int ide_do_setfeature(ide_drive_t *drive, u8 feature, u8 nsect)
456 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
457 cmd.tf.feature = feature;
458 cmd.tf.nsect = nsect;
459 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_SET_FEATURES;
460 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
462 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
465 static void update_ordered(ide_drive_t *drive)
468 unsigned ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_NONE;
469 prepare_flush_fn *prep_fn = NULL;
471 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) {
472 unsigned long long capacity;
475 * We must avoid issuing commands a drive does not
476 * understand or we may crash it. We check flush cache
477 * is supported. We also check we have the LBA48 flush
478 * cache if the drive capacity is too large. By this
479 * time we have trimmed the drive capacity if LBA48 is
480 * not available so we don't need to recheck that.
482 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
483 barrier = ata_id_flush_enabled(id) &&
484 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_NOFLUSH) == 0 &&
485 ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 ||
486 capacity <= (1ULL << 28) ||
487 ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(id));
489 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cache flushes %ssupported\n",
490 drive->name, barrier ? "" : "not ");
493 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN_FLUSH;
494 prep_fn = idedisk_prepare_flush;
497 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN;
499 blk_queue_ordered(drive->queue, ordered, prep_fn);
502 ide_devset_get_flag(wcache, IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE);
504 static int set_wcache(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
508 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
511 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id)) {
512 err = ide_do_setfeature(drive,
513 arg ? SETFEATURES_WC_ON : SETFEATURES_WC_OFF, 0);
516 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
518 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
522 update_ordered(drive);
527 static int do_idedisk_flushcache(ide_drive_t *drive)
531 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
532 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id))
533 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
535 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
536 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
538 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
541 ide_devset_get(acoustic, acoustic);
543 static int set_acoustic(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
545 if (arg < 0 || arg > 254)
548 ide_do_setfeature(drive,
549 arg ? SETFEATURES_AAM_ON : SETFEATURES_AAM_OFF, arg);
551 drive->acoustic = arg;
556 ide_devset_get_flag(addressing, IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
562 * 2: 48-bit capable doing 28-bit
564 static int set_addressing(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
566 if (arg < 0 || arg > 2)
569 if (arg && ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48) ||
570 ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id) == 0))
577 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
579 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
584 ide_ext_devset_rw(acoustic, acoustic);
585 ide_ext_devset_rw(address, addressing);
586 ide_ext_devset_rw(multcount, multcount);
587 ide_ext_devset_rw(wcache, wcache);
589 ide_ext_devset_rw_sync(nowerr, nowerr);
591 static int ide_disk_check(ide_drive_t *drive, const char *s)
596 static void ide_disk_setup(ide_drive_t *drive)
598 struct ide_disk_obj *idkp = drive->driver_data;
599 struct request_queue *q = drive->queue;
600 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
602 char *m = (char *)&id[ATA_ID_PROD];
603 unsigned long long capacity;
605 ide_proc_register_driver(drive, idkp->driver);
607 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_ID_READ) == 0)
610 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_REMOVABLE) {
612 * Removable disks (eg. SYQUEST); ignore 'WD' drives
614 if (m[0] != 'W' || m[1] != 'D')
615 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
618 (void)set_addressing(drive, 1);
620 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) {
623 if (max_s > hwif->rqsize)
624 max_s = hwif->rqsize;
626 blk_queue_max_sectors(q, max_s);
629 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: max request size: %dKiB\n", drive->name,
632 if (ata_id_is_ssd(id))
633 queue_flag_set_unlocked(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, q);
635 /* calculate drive capacity, and select LBA if possible */
636 ide_disk_get_capacity(drive);
639 * if possible, give fdisk access to more of the drive,
640 * by correcting bios_cyls:
642 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
644 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_FORCED_GEOM) == 0) {
645 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id)) {
647 drive->bios_sect = 63;
648 drive->bios_head = 255;
651 if (drive->bios_sect && drive->bios_head) {
652 unsigned int cap0 = capacity; /* truncate to 32 bits */
653 unsigned int cylsz, cyl;
655 if (cap0 != capacity)
656 drive->bios_cyl = 65535;
658 cylsz = drive->bios_sect * drive->bios_head;
662 if (cyl > drive->bios_cyl)
663 drive->bios_cyl = cyl;
667 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %llu sectors (%llu MB)",
668 drive->name, capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity));
670 /* Only print cache size when it was specified */
671 if (id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE])
672 printk(KERN_CONT " w/%dKiB Cache", id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE] / 2);
674 printk(KERN_CONT ", CHS=%d/%d/%d\n",
675 drive->bios_cyl, drive->bios_head, drive->bios_sect);
677 /* write cache enabled? */
678 if ((id[ATA_ID_CSFO] & 1) || ata_id_wcache_enabled(id))
679 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
681 set_wcache(drive, 1);
683 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) == 0 &&
684 (drive->head == 0 || drive->head > 16)) {
685 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: invalid geometry: %d physical heads?\n",
686 drive->name, drive->head);
687 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
689 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
692 static void ide_disk_flush(ide_drive_t *drive)
694 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id) == 0 ||
695 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) == 0)
698 if (do_idedisk_flushcache(drive))
699 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: wcache flush failed!\n", drive->name);
702 static int ide_disk_init_media(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk)
707 static int ide_disk_set_doorlock(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk,
713 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING) == 0)
716 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
717 cmd.tf.command = on ? ATA_CMD_MEDIA_LOCK : ATA_CMD_MEDIA_UNLOCK;
718 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
720 ret = ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
723 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
728 const struct ide_disk_ops ide_ata_disk_ops = {
729 .check = ide_disk_check,
730 .get_capacity = ide_disk_get_capacity,
731 .setup = ide_disk_setup,
732 .flush = ide_disk_flush,
733 .init_media = ide_disk_init_media,
734 .set_doorlock = ide_disk_set_doorlock,
735 .do_request = ide_do_rw_disk,
736 .ioctl = ide_disk_ioctl,