2 * linux/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
4 * Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
5 * Copyright(C) 2005-2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
6 * Copyright(C) 2006-2007 Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner
8 * No idle tick implementation for low and high resolution timers
10 * Started by: Thomas Gleixner and Ingo Molnar
12 * For licencing details see kernel-base/COPYING
14 #include <linux/cpu.h>
15 #include <linux/err.h>
16 #include <linux/hrtimer.h>
17 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
18 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
19 #include <linux/percpu.h>
20 #include <linux/profile.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/tick.h>
24 #include <asm/irq_regs.h>
26 #include "tick-internal.h"
29 * Per cpu nohz control structure
31 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tick_sched, tick_cpu_sched);
34 * The time, when the last jiffy update happened. Protected by xtime_lock.
36 static ktime_t last_jiffies_update;
38 struct tick_sched *tick_get_tick_sched(int cpu)
40 return &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
44 * Must be called with interrupts disabled !
46 static void tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_t now)
48 unsigned long ticks = 0;
51 /* Reevalute with xtime_lock held */
52 write_seqlock(&xtime_lock);
54 delta = ktime_sub(now, last_jiffies_update);
55 if (delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64) {
57 delta = ktime_sub(delta, tick_period);
58 last_jiffies_update = ktime_add(last_jiffies_update,
61 /* Slow path for long timeouts */
62 if (unlikely(delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64)) {
63 s64 incr = ktime_to_ns(tick_period);
65 ticks = ktime_divns(delta, incr);
67 last_jiffies_update = ktime_add_ns(last_jiffies_update,
72 write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock);
76 * Initialize and return retrieve the jiffies update.
78 static ktime_t tick_init_jiffy_update(void)
82 write_seqlock(&xtime_lock);
83 /* Did we start the jiffies update yet ? */
84 if (last_jiffies_update.tv64 == 0)
85 last_jiffies_update = tick_next_period;
86 period = last_jiffies_update;
87 write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock);
92 * NOHZ - aka dynamic tick functionality
98 static int tick_nohz_enabled __read_mostly = 1;
101 * Enable / Disable tickless mode
103 static int __init setup_tick_nohz(char *str)
105 if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
106 tick_nohz_enabled = 0;
107 else if (!strcmp(str, "on"))
108 tick_nohz_enabled = 1;
114 __setup("nohz=", setup_tick_nohz);
117 * tick_nohz_update_jiffies - update jiffies when idle was interrupted
119 * Called from interrupt entry when the CPU was idle
121 * In case the sched_tick was stopped on this CPU, we have to check if jiffies
122 * must be updated. Otherwise an interrupt handler could use a stale jiffy
123 * value. We do this unconditionally on any cpu, as we don't know whether the
124 * cpu, which has the update task assigned is in a long sleep.
126 void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(void)
128 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
129 struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
133 if (!ts->tick_stopped)
136 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
139 local_irq_save(flags);
140 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
141 local_irq_restore(flags);
145 * tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick - stop the idle tick from the idle task
147 * When the next event is more than a tick into the future, stop the idle tick
148 * Called either from the idle loop or from irq_exit() when an idle period was
149 * just interrupted by an interrupt which did not cause a reschedule.
151 void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(void)
153 unsigned long seq, last_jiffies, next_jiffies, delta_jiffies, flags;
154 struct tick_sched *ts;
155 ktime_t last_update, expires, now, delta;
158 local_irq_save(flags);
160 cpu = smp_processor_id();
161 ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
163 if (unlikely(ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE))
169 cpu = smp_processor_id();
170 if (unlikely(local_softirq_pending()))
171 printk(KERN_ERR "NOHZ: local_softirq_pending %02x\n",
172 local_softirq_pending());
176 * When called from irq_exit we need to account the idle sleep time
179 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
180 delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
181 ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
184 ts->idle_entrytime = now;
187 /* Read jiffies and the time when jiffies were updated last */
189 seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock);
190 last_update = last_jiffies_update;
191 last_jiffies = jiffies;
192 } while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));
194 /* Get the next timer wheel timer */
195 next_jiffies = get_next_timer_interrupt(last_jiffies);
196 delta_jiffies = next_jiffies - last_jiffies;
198 if (rcu_needs_cpu(cpu))
201 * Do not stop the tick, if we are only one off
202 * or if the cpu is required for rcu
204 if (!ts->tick_stopped && delta_jiffies == 1)
207 /* Schedule the tick, if we are at least one jiffie off */
208 if ((long)delta_jiffies >= 1) {
210 if (delta_jiffies > 1)
211 cpu_set(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
213 * nohz_stop_sched_tick can be called several times before
214 * the nohz_restart_sched_tick is called. This happens when
215 * interrupts arrive which do not cause a reschedule. In the
216 * first call we save the current tick time, so we can restart
217 * the scheduler tick in nohz_restart_sched_tick.
219 if (!ts->tick_stopped) {
220 if (select_nohz_load_balancer(1)) {
222 * sched tick not stopped!
224 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
228 ts->idle_tick = ts->sched_timer.expires;
229 ts->tick_stopped = 1;
230 ts->idle_jiffies = last_jiffies;
234 * If this cpu is the one which updates jiffies, then
235 * give up the assignment and let it be taken by the
236 * cpu which runs the tick timer next, which might be
237 * this cpu as well. If we don't drop this here the
238 * jiffies might be stale and do_timer() never
241 if (cpu == tick_do_timer_cpu)
242 tick_do_timer_cpu = -1;
245 * calculate the expiry time for the next timer wheel
248 expires = ktime_add_ns(last_update, tick_period.tv64 *
250 ts->idle_expires = expires;
253 if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) {
254 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, expires,
256 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
257 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
259 } else if(!tick_program_event(expires, 0))
262 * We are past the event already. So we crossed a
263 * jiffie boundary. Update jiffies and raise the
266 tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_get());
267 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
269 raise_softirq_irqoff(TIMER_SOFTIRQ);
271 ts->next_jiffies = next_jiffies;
272 ts->last_jiffies = last_jiffies;
274 local_irq_restore(flags);
278 * nohz_restart_sched_tick - restart the idle tick from the idle task
280 * Restart the idle tick when the CPU is woken up from idle
282 void tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick(void)
284 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
285 struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
289 if (!ts->tick_stopped)
292 /* Update jiffies first */
296 select_nohz_load_balancer(0);
297 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
298 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
300 /* Account the idle time */
301 delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
302 ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
305 * We stopped the tick in idle. Update process times would miss the
306 * time we slept as update_process_times does only a 1 tick
307 * accounting. Enforce that this is accounted to idle !
309 ticks = jiffies - ts->idle_jiffies;
311 * We might be one off. Do not randomly account a huge number of ticks!
313 if (ticks && ticks < LONG_MAX) {
314 add_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
315 account_system_time(current, HARDIRQ_OFFSET,
316 jiffies_to_cputime(ticks));
317 sub_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
321 * Cancel the scheduled timer and restore the tick
323 ts->tick_stopped = 0;
324 hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
325 ts->sched_timer.expires = ts->idle_tick;
328 /* Forward the time to expire in the future */
329 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
331 if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) {
332 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer,
333 ts->sched_timer.expires,
335 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
336 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
339 if (!tick_program_event(ts->sched_timer.expires, 0))
342 /* Update jiffies and reread time */
343 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
349 static int tick_nohz_reprogram(struct tick_sched *ts, ktime_t now)
351 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
352 return tick_program_event(ts->sched_timer.expires, 0);
356 * The nohz low res interrupt handler
358 static void tick_nohz_handler(struct clock_event_device *dev)
360 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
361 struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
362 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
363 ktime_t now = ktime_get();
365 dev->next_event.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;
368 * Check if the do_timer duty was dropped. We don't care about
369 * concurrency: This happens only when the cpu in charge went
370 * into a long sleep. If two cpus happen to assign themself to
371 * this duty, then the jiffies update is still serialized by
374 if (unlikely(tick_do_timer_cpu == -1))
375 tick_do_timer_cpu = cpu;
377 /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */
378 if (tick_do_timer_cpu == cpu)
379 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
382 * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch
383 * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long
384 * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while
385 * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start
386 * of idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we
387 * do when we go busy again does not account too much ticks.
389 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
390 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
394 update_process_times(user_mode(regs));
395 profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING);
397 /* Do not restart, when we are in the idle loop */
398 if (ts->tick_stopped)
401 while (tick_nohz_reprogram(ts, now)) {
403 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
408 * tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz - switch to nohz mode
410 static void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void)
412 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
415 if (!tick_nohz_enabled)
419 if (tick_switch_to_oneshot(tick_nohz_handler)) {
424 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_LOWRES;
427 * Recycle the hrtimer in ts, so we can share the
428 * hrtimer_forward with the highres code.
430 hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
431 /* Get the next period */
432 next = tick_init_jiffy_update();
435 ts->sched_timer.expires = next;
436 if (!tick_program_event(next, 0))
438 next = ktime_add(next, tick_period);
442 printk(KERN_INFO "Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #%d\n",
448 static inline void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void) { }
453 * High resolution timer specific code
455 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS
457 * We rearm the timer until we get disabled by the idle code
458 * Called with interrupts disabled and timer->base->cpu_base->lock held.
460 static enum hrtimer_restart tick_sched_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
462 struct tick_sched *ts =
463 container_of(timer, struct tick_sched, sched_timer);
464 struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base = timer->base->cpu_base;
465 struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
466 ktime_t now = ktime_get();
467 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
471 * Check if the do_timer duty was dropped. We don't care about
472 * concurrency: This happens only when the cpu in charge went
473 * into a long sleep. If two cpus happen to assign themself to
474 * this duty, then the jiffies update is still serialized by
477 if (unlikely(tick_do_timer_cpu == -1))
478 tick_do_timer_cpu = cpu;
481 /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */
482 if (tick_do_timer_cpu == cpu)
483 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
486 * Do not call, when we are not in irq context and have
487 * no valid regs pointer
491 * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch
492 * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long
493 * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while
494 * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start of
495 * idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we do
496 * when we go busy again does not account too much ticks.
498 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
499 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
503 * update_process_times() might take tasklist_lock, hence
504 * drop the base lock. sched-tick hrtimers are per-CPU and
505 * never accessible by userspace APIs, so this is safe to do.
507 spin_unlock(&base->lock);
508 update_process_times(user_mode(regs));
509 profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING);
510 spin_lock(&base->lock);
513 /* Do not restart, when we are in the idle loop */
514 if (ts->tick_stopped)
515 return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
517 hrtimer_forward(timer, now, tick_period);
519 return HRTIMER_RESTART;
523 * tick_setup_sched_timer - setup the tick emulation timer
525 void tick_setup_sched_timer(void)
527 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
528 ktime_t now = ktime_get();
531 * Emulate tick processing via per-CPU hrtimers:
533 hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
534 ts->sched_timer.function = tick_sched_timer;
535 ts->sched_timer.cb_mode = HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_SOFTIRQ;
537 /* Get the next period */
538 ts->sched_timer.expires = tick_init_jiffy_update();
541 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
542 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, ts->sched_timer.expires,
544 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
545 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
551 if (tick_nohz_enabled)
552 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES;
556 void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu)
558 struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
560 if (ts->sched_timer.base)
561 hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
562 ts->tick_stopped = 0;
563 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE;
565 #endif /* HIGH_RES_TIMERS */
568 * Async notification about clocksource changes
570 void tick_clock_notify(void)
574 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
575 set_bit(0, &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu).check_clocks);
579 * Async notification about clock event changes
581 void tick_oneshot_notify(void)
583 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
585 set_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks);
589 * Check, if a change happened, which makes oneshot possible.
591 * Called cyclic from the hrtimer softirq (driven by the timer
592 * softirq) allow_nohz signals, that we can switch into low-res nohz
593 * mode, because high resolution timers are disabled (either compile
596 int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz)
598 struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
600 if (!test_and_clear_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks))
603 if (ts->nohz_mode != NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE)
606 if (!timekeeping_is_continuous() || !tick_is_oneshot_available())
612 tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz();