1 /* linux/drivers/mtd/nand/bf5xx_nand.c
3 * Copyright 2006-2007 Analog Devices Inc.
4 * http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
5 * Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com>
7 * Blackfin BF5xx on-chip NAND flash controler driver
9 * Derived from drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c
10 * Copyright (c) 2007 Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
12 * Derived from drivers/mtd/nand/cafe.c
13 * Copyright © 2006 Red Hat, Inc.
14 * Copyright © 2006 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
17 * 12-Jun-2007 Bryan Wu: Initial version
18 * 18-Jul-2007 Bryan Wu:
19 * - ECC_HW and ECC_SW supported
20 * - DMA supported in ECC_HW
21 * - YAFFS tested as rootfs in both ECC_HW and ECC_SW
24 * Enable JFFS2 over NAND as rootfs
26 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
27 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
28 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
29 * (at your option) any later version.
31 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
32 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
33 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
34 * GNU General Public License for more details.
36 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
37 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
38 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
41 #include <linux/module.h>
42 #include <linux/types.h>
43 #include <linux/init.h>
44 #include <linux/kernel.h>
45 #include <linux/string.h>
46 #include <linux/ioport.h>
47 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
48 #include <linux/delay.h>
49 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
50 #include <linux/err.h>
51 #include <linux/slab.h>
53 #include <linux/bitops.h>
55 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
56 #include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
57 #include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>
58 #include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
60 #include <asm/blackfin.h>
62 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
64 #include <asm/portmux.h>
66 #define DRV_NAME "bf5xx-nand"
67 #define DRV_VERSION "1.2"
68 #define DRV_AUTHOR "Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com>"
69 #define DRV_DESC "BF5xx on-chip NAND FLash Controller Driver"
71 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_NAND_BF5XX_HWECC
72 static int hardware_ecc = 1;
74 static int hardware_ecc;
77 static unsigned short bfin_nfc_pin_req[] =
95 * Data structures for bf5xx nand flash controller driver
99 struct bf5xx_nand_info {
101 struct nand_hw_control controller;
103 struct nand_chip chip;
106 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *platform;
109 struct device *device;
112 struct completion dma_completion;
116 * Conversion functions
118 static struct bf5xx_nand_info *mtd_to_nand_info(struct mtd_info *mtd)
120 return container_of(mtd, struct bf5xx_nand_info, mtd);
123 static struct bf5xx_nand_info *to_nand_info(struct platform_device *pdev)
125 return platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
128 static struct bf5xx_nand_platform *to_nand_plat(struct platform_device *pdev)
130 return pdev->dev.platform_data;
134 * struct nand_chip interface function pointers
138 * bf5xx_nand_hwcontrol
140 * Issue command and address cycles to the chip
142 static void bf5xx_nand_hwcontrol(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd,
145 if (cmd == NAND_CMD_NONE)
148 while (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_FULL)
152 bfin_write_NFC_CMD(cmd);
154 bfin_write_NFC_ADDR(cmd);
159 * bf5xx_nand_devready()
161 * returns 0 if the nand is busy, 1 if it is ready
163 static int bf5xx_nand_devready(struct mtd_info *mtd)
165 unsigned short val = bfin_read_NFC_IRQSTAT();
167 if ((val & NBUSYIRQ) == NBUSYIRQ)
175 * These allow the bf5xx to use the controller's ECC
176 * generator block to ECC the data as it passes through
180 * ECC error correction function
182 static int bf5xx_nand_correct_data_256(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
183 u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
185 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = mtd_to_nand_info(mtd);
189 unsigned short failing_bit, failing_byte;
192 calced = calc_ecc[0] | (calc_ecc[1] << 8) | (calc_ecc[2] << 16);
193 stored = read_ecc[0] | (read_ecc[1] << 8) | (read_ecc[2] << 16);
195 syndrome[0] = (calced ^ stored);
198 * syndrome 0: all zero
202 if (!syndrome[0] || !calced || !stored)
206 * sysdrome 0: only one bit is one
207 * ECC data was incorrect
210 if (hweight32(syndrome[0]) == 1) {
211 dev_err(info->device, "ECC data was incorrect!\n");
215 syndrome[1] = (calced & 0x7FF) ^ (stored & 0x7FF);
216 syndrome[2] = (calced & 0x7FF) ^ ((calced >> 11) & 0x7FF);
217 syndrome[3] = (stored & 0x7FF) ^ ((stored >> 11) & 0x7FF);
218 syndrome[4] = syndrome[2] ^ syndrome[3];
220 for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
221 dev_info(info->device, "syndrome[%d] 0x%08x\n", i, syndrome[i]);
223 dev_info(info->device,
224 "calced[0x%08x], stored[0x%08x]\n",
228 * sysdrome 0: exactly 11 bits are one, each parity
229 * and parity' pair is 1 & 0 or 0 & 1.
230 * 1-bit correctable error
233 if (hweight32(syndrome[0]) == 11 && syndrome[4] == 0x7FF) {
234 dev_info(info->device,
235 "1-bit correctable error, correct it.\n");
236 dev_info(info->device,
237 "syndrome[1] 0x%08x\n", syndrome[1]);
239 failing_bit = syndrome[1] & 0x7;
240 failing_byte = syndrome[1] >> 0x3;
241 data = *(dat + failing_byte);
242 data = data ^ (0x1 << failing_bit);
243 *(dat + failing_byte) = data;
249 * sysdrome 0: random data
250 * More than 1-bit error, non-correctable error
251 * Discard data, mark bad block
253 dev_err(info->device,
254 "More than 1-bit error, non-correctable error.\n");
255 dev_err(info->device,
256 "Please discard data, mark bad block\n");
261 static int bf5xx_nand_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
262 u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
264 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = mtd_to_nand_info(mtd);
265 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = info->platform;
266 unsigned short page_size = (plat->page_size ? 512 : 256);
269 ret = bf5xx_nand_correct_data_256(mtd, dat, read_ecc, calc_ecc);
271 /* If page size is 512, correct second 256 bytes */
272 if (page_size == 512) {
276 ret = bf5xx_nand_correct_data_256(mtd, dat, read_ecc, calc_ecc);
282 static void bf5xx_nand_enable_hwecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode)
287 static int bf5xx_nand_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd,
288 const u_char *dat, u_char *ecc_code)
290 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = mtd_to_nand_info(mtd);
291 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = info->platform;
292 u16 page_size = (plat->page_size ? 512 : 256);
298 /* first 4 bytes ECC code for 256 page size */
299 ecc0 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC0();
300 ecc1 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC1();
302 code[0] = (ecc0 & 0x3FF) | ((ecc1 & 0x3FF) << 11);
304 dev_dbg(info->device, "returning ecc 0x%08x\n", code[0]);
306 /* second 4 bytes ECC code for 512 page size */
307 if (page_size == 512) {
308 ecc0 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC2();
309 ecc1 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC3();
310 code[1] = (ecc0 & 0x3FF) | ((ecc1 & 0x3FF) << 11);
312 dev_dbg(info->device, "returning ecc 0x%08x\n", code[1]);
316 for (i = 0; i < bytes; i++)
323 * PIO mode for buffer writing and reading
325 static void bf5xx_nand_read_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len)
331 * Data reads are requested by first writing to NFC_DATA_RD
332 * and then reading back from NFC_READ.
334 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
335 while (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_FULL)
338 /* Contents do not matter */
339 bfin_write_NFC_DATA_RD(0x0000);
342 while ((bfin_read_NFC_IRQSTAT() & RD_RDY) != RD_RDY)
345 buf[i] = bfin_read_NFC_READ();
347 val = bfin_read_NFC_IRQSTAT();
349 bfin_write_NFC_IRQSTAT(val);
354 static uint8_t bf5xx_nand_read_byte(struct mtd_info *mtd)
358 bf5xx_nand_read_buf(mtd, &val, 1);
363 static void bf5xx_nand_write_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd,
364 const uint8_t *buf, int len)
368 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
369 while (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_FULL)
372 bfin_write_NFC_DATA_WR(buf[i]);
377 static void bf5xx_nand_read_buf16(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len)
380 u16 *p = (u16 *) buf;
384 * Data reads are requested by first writing to NFC_DATA_RD
385 * and then reading back from NFC_READ.
387 bfin_write_NFC_DATA_RD(0x5555);
391 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
392 p[i] = bfin_read_NFC_READ();
395 static void bf5xx_nand_write_buf16(struct mtd_info *mtd,
396 const uint8_t *buf, int len)
399 u16 *p = (u16 *) buf;
402 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
403 bfin_write_NFC_DATA_WR(p[i]);
409 * DMA functions for buffer writing and reading
411 static irqreturn_t bf5xx_nand_dma_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
413 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = dev_id;
415 clear_dma_irqstat(CH_NFC);
417 complete(&info->dma_completion);
422 static int bf5xx_nand_dma_rw(struct mtd_info *mtd,
423 uint8_t *buf, int is_read)
425 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = mtd_to_nand_info(mtd);
426 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = info->platform;
427 unsigned short page_size = (plat->page_size ? 512 : 256);
430 dev_dbg(info->device, " mtd->%p, buf->%p, is_read %d\n",
434 * Before starting a dma transfer, be sure to invalidate/flush
435 * the cache over the address range of your DMA buffer to
436 * prevent cache coherency problems. Otherwise very subtle bugs
437 * can be introduced to your driver.
440 invalidate_dcache_range((unsigned int)buf,
441 (unsigned int)(buf + page_size));
443 flush_dcache_range((unsigned int)buf,
444 (unsigned int)(buf + page_size));
447 * This register must be written before each page is
448 * transferred to generate the correct ECC register
451 bfin_write_NFC_RST(0x1);
455 clear_dma_irqstat(CH_NFC);
457 /* setup DMA register with Blackfin DMA API */
458 set_dma_config(CH_NFC, 0x0);
459 set_dma_start_addr(CH_NFC, (unsigned long) buf);
460 set_dma_x_count(CH_NFC, (page_size >> 2));
461 set_dma_x_modify(CH_NFC, 4);
463 /* setup write or read operation */
464 val = DI_EN | WDSIZE_32;
467 set_dma_config(CH_NFC, val);
470 /* Start PAGE read/write operation */
472 bfin_write_NFC_PGCTL(0x1);
474 bfin_write_NFC_PGCTL(0x2);
475 wait_for_completion(&info->dma_completion);
480 static void bf5xx_nand_dma_read_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd,
481 uint8_t *buf, int len)
483 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = mtd_to_nand_info(mtd);
484 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = info->platform;
485 unsigned short page_size = (plat->page_size ? 512 : 256);
487 dev_dbg(info->device, "mtd->%p, buf->%p, int %d\n", mtd, buf, len);
489 if (len == page_size)
490 bf5xx_nand_dma_rw(mtd, buf, 1);
492 bf5xx_nand_read_buf(mtd, buf, len);
495 static void bf5xx_nand_dma_write_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd,
496 const uint8_t *buf, int len)
498 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = mtd_to_nand_info(mtd);
499 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = info->platform;
500 unsigned short page_size = (plat->page_size ? 512 : 256);
502 dev_dbg(info->device, "mtd->%p, buf->%p, len %d\n", mtd, buf, len);
504 if (len == page_size)
505 bf5xx_nand_dma_rw(mtd, (uint8_t *)buf, 0);
507 bf5xx_nand_write_buf(mtd, buf, len);
511 * System initialization functions
514 static int bf5xx_nand_dma_init(struct bf5xx_nand_info *info)
523 init_completion(&info->dma_completion);
526 /* Setup DMAC1 channel mux for NFC which shared with SDH */
527 val = bfin_read_DMAC1_PERIMUX();
529 bfin_write_DMAC1_PERIMUX(val);
532 /* Request NFC DMA channel */
533 ret = request_dma(CH_NFC, "BF5XX NFC driver");
535 dev_err(info->device, " unable to get DMA channel\n");
539 set_dma_callback(CH_NFC, (void *) bf5xx_nand_dma_irq, (void *) info);
541 /* Turn off the DMA channel first */
547 * BF5XX NFC hardware initialization
549 * - clear interrupt status
551 static int bf5xx_nand_hw_init(struct bf5xx_nand_info *info)
555 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = info->platform;
557 /* setup NFC_CTL register */
558 dev_info(info->device,
559 "page_size=%d, data_width=%d, wr_dly=%d, rd_dly=%d\n",
560 (plat->page_size ? 512 : 256),
561 (plat->data_width ? 16 : 8),
562 plat->wr_dly, plat->rd_dly);
564 val = (plat->page_size << NFC_PG_SIZE_OFFSET) |
565 (plat->data_width << NFC_NWIDTH_OFFSET) |
566 (plat->rd_dly << NFC_RDDLY_OFFSET) |
567 (plat->rd_dly << NFC_WRDLY_OFFSET);
568 dev_dbg(info->device, "NFC_CTL is 0x%04x\n", val);
570 bfin_write_NFC_CTL(val);
573 /* clear interrupt status */
574 bfin_write_NFC_IRQMASK(0x0);
576 val = bfin_read_NFC_IRQSTAT();
577 bfin_write_NFC_IRQSTAT(val);
580 if (peripheral_request_list(bfin_nfc_pin_req, DRV_NAME)) {
581 printk(KERN_ERR DRV_NAME
582 ": Requesting Peripherals failed\n");
586 /* DMA initialization */
587 if (bf5xx_nand_dma_init(info))
594 * Device management interface
596 static int bf5xx_nand_add_partition(struct bf5xx_nand_info *info)
598 struct mtd_info *mtd = &info->mtd;
600 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS
601 struct mtd_partition *parts = info->platform->partitions;
602 int nr = info->platform->nr_partitions;
604 return add_mtd_partitions(mtd, parts, nr);
606 return add_mtd_device(mtd);
610 static int bf5xx_nand_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
612 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = to_nand_info(pdev);
613 struct mtd_info *mtd = NULL;
615 platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
617 /* first thing we need to do is release all our mtds
618 * and their partitions, then go through freeing the
627 peripheral_free_list(bfin_nfc_pin_req);
629 /* free the common resources */
638 * called by device layer when it finds a device matching
639 * one our driver can handled. This code checks to see if
640 * it can allocate all necessary resources then calls the
641 * nand layer to look for devices
643 static int bf5xx_nand_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
645 struct bf5xx_nand_platform *plat = to_nand_plat(pdev);
646 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = NULL;
647 struct nand_chip *chip = NULL;
648 struct mtd_info *mtd = NULL;
651 dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "(%p)\n", pdev);
654 dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no platform specific information\n");
658 info = kzalloc(sizeof(*info), GFP_KERNEL);
660 dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no memory for flash info\n");
665 platform_set_drvdata(pdev, info);
667 spin_lock_init(&info->controller.lock);
668 init_waitqueue_head(&info->controller.wq);
670 info->device = &pdev->dev;
671 info->platform = plat;
673 /* initialise chip data struct */
676 if (plat->data_width)
677 chip->options |= NAND_BUSWIDTH_16;
679 chip->options |= NAND_CACHEPRG | NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN;
681 chip->read_buf = (plat->data_width) ?
682 bf5xx_nand_read_buf16 : bf5xx_nand_read_buf;
683 chip->write_buf = (plat->data_width) ?
684 bf5xx_nand_write_buf16 : bf5xx_nand_write_buf;
686 chip->read_byte = bf5xx_nand_read_byte;
688 chip->cmd_ctrl = bf5xx_nand_hwcontrol;
689 chip->dev_ready = bf5xx_nand_devready;
691 chip->priv = &info->mtd;
692 chip->controller = &info->controller;
694 chip->IO_ADDR_R = (void __iomem *) NFC_READ;
695 chip->IO_ADDR_W = (void __iomem *) NFC_DATA_WR;
697 chip->chip_delay = 0;
699 /* initialise mtd info data struct */
702 mtd->owner = THIS_MODULE;
704 /* initialise the hardware */
705 err = bf5xx_nand_hw_init(info);
709 /* setup hardware ECC data struct */
711 if (plat->page_size == NFC_PG_SIZE_256) {
713 chip->ecc.size = 256;
714 } else if (plat->page_size == NFC_PG_SIZE_512) {
716 chip->ecc.size = 512;
719 chip->read_buf = bf5xx_nand_dma_read_buf;
720 chip->write_buf = bf5xx_nand_dma_write_buf;
721 chip->ecc.calculate = bf5xx_nand_calculate_ecc;
722 chip->ecc.correct = bf5xx_nand_correct_data;
723 chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_HW;
724 chip->ecc.hwctl = bf5xx_nand_enable_hwecc;
726 chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT;
729 /* scan hardware nand chip and setup mtd info data struct */
730 if (nand_scan(mtd, 1)) {
735 /* add NAND partition */
736 bf5xx_nand_add_partition(info);
738 dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "initialised ok\n");
742 bf5xx_nand_remove(pdev);
752 static int bf5xx_nand_suspend(struct platform_device *dev, pm_message_t pm)
754 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = platform_get_drvdata(dev);
759 static int bf5xx_nand_resume(struct platform_device *dev)
761 struct bf5xx_nand_info *info = platform_get_drvdata(dev);
764 bf5xx_nand_hw_init(info);
770 #define bf5xx_nand_suspend NULL
771 #define bf5xx_nand_resume NULL
774 /* driver device registration */
775 static struct platform_driver bf5xx_nand_driver = {
776 .probe = bf5xx_nand_probe,
777 .remove = bf5xx_nand_remove,
778 .suspend = bf5xx_nand_suspend,
779 .resume = bf5xx_nand_resume,
782 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
786 static int __init bf5xx_nand_init(void)
788 printk(KERN_INFO "%s, Version %s (c) 2007 Analog Devices, Inc.\n",
789 DRV_DESC, DRV_VERSION);
791 return platform_driver_register(&bf5xx_nand_driver);
794 static void __exit bf5xx_nand_exit(void)
796 platform_driver_unregister(&bf5xx_nand_driver);
799 module_init(bf5xx_nand_init);
800 module_exit(bf5xx_nand_exit);
802 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
803 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRV_AUTHOR);
804 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRV_DESC);