2 * lib/reed_solomon/reed_solomon.c
5 * Generic Reed Solomon encoder / decoder library
7 * Copyright (C) 2004 Thomas Gleixner (tglx@linutronix.de)
9 * Reed Solomon code lifted from reed solomon library written by Phil Karn
10 * Copyright 2002 Phil Karn, KA9Q
12 * $Id: rslib.c,v 1.7 2005/11/07 11:14:59 gleixner Exp $
14 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
15 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
16 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
20 * The generic Reed Solomon library provides runtime configurable
21 * encoding / decoding of RS codes.
22 * Each user must call init_rs to get a pointer to a rs_control
23 * structure for the given rs parameters. This structure is either
24 * generated or a already available matching control structure is used.
25 * If a structure is generated then the polynomial arrays for
26 * fast encoding / decoding are built. This can take some time so
27 * make sure not to call this function from a time critical path.
28 * Usually a module / driver should initialize the necessary
29 * rs_control structure on module / driver init and release it
31 * The encoding puts the calculated syndrome into a given syndrome
33 * The decoding is a two step process. The first step calculates
34 * the syndrome over the received (data + syndrome) and calls the
35 * second stage, which does the decoding / error correction itself.
36 * Many hw encoders provide a syndrome calculation over the received
37 * data + syndrome and can call the second stage directly.
41 #include <linux/errno.h>
42 #include <linux/kernel.h>
43 #include <linux/init.h>
44 #include <linux/module.h>
45 #include <linux/rslib.h>
46 #include <linux/slab.h>
47 #include <linux/mutex.h>
48 #include <asm/semaphore.h>
50 /* This list holds all currently allocated rs control structures */
51 static LIST_HEAD (rslist);
52 /* Protection for the list */
53 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rslistlock);
56 * rs_init - Initialize a Reed-Solomon codec
57 * @symsize: symbol size, bits (1-8)
58 * @gfpoly: Field generator polynomial coefficients
59 * @gffunc: Field generator function
60 * @fcr: first root of RS code generator polynomial, index form
61 * @prim: primitive element to generate polynomial roots
62 * @nroots: RS code generator polynomial degree (number of roots)
64 * Allocate a control structure and the polynom arrays for faster
65 * en/decoding. Fill the arrays according to the given parameters.
67 static struct rs_control *rs_init(int symsize, int gfpoly, int (*gffunc)(int),
68 int fcr, int prim, int nroots)
70 struct rs_control *rs;
71 int i, j, sr, root, iprim;
73 /* Allocate the control structure */
74 rs = kmalloc(sizeof (struct rs_control), GFP_KERNEL);
78 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rs->list);
81 rs->nn = (1 << symsize) - 1;
88 /* Allocate the arrays */
89 rs->alpha_to = kmalloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * (rs->nn + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
90 if (rs->alpha_to == NULL)
93 rs->index_of = kmalloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * (rs->nn + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
94 if (rs->index_of == NULL)
97 rs->genpoly = kmalloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * (rs->nroots + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
98 if(rs->genpoly == NULL)
101 /* Generate Galois field lookup tables */
102 rs->index_of[0] = rs->nn; /* log(zero) = -inf */
103 rs->alpha_to[rs->nn] = 0; /* alpha**-inf = 0 */
106 for (i = 0; i < rs->nn; i++) {
107 rs->index_of[sr] = i;
108 rs->alpha_to[i] = sr;
110 if (sr & (1 << symsize))
116 for (i = 0; i < rs->nn; i++) {
117 rs->index_of[sr] = i;
118 rs->alpha_to[i] = sr;
122 /* If it's not primitive, exit */
123 if(sr != rs->alpha_to[0])
126 /* Find prim-th root of 1, used in decoding */
127 for(iprim = 1; (iprim % prim) != 0; iprim += rs->nn);
128 /* prim-th root of 1, index form */
129 rs->iprim = iprim / prim;
131 /* Form RS code generator polynomial from its roots */
133 for (i = 0, root = fcr * prim; i < nroots; i++, root += prim) {
134 rs->genpoly[i + 1] = 1;
135 /* Multiply rs->genpoly[] by @**(root + x) */
136 for (j = i; j > 0; j--) {
137 if (rs->genpoly[j] != 0) {
138 rs->genpoly[j] = rs->genpoly[j -1] ^
139 rs->alpha_to[rs_modnn(rs,
140 rs->index_of[rs->genpoly[j]] + root)];
142 rs->genpoly[j] = rs->genpoly[j - 1];
144 /* rs->genpoly[0] can never be zero */
146 rs->alpha_to[rs_modnn(rs,
147 rs->index_of[rs->genpoly[0]] + root)];
149 /* convert rs->genpoly[] to index form for quicker encoding */
150 for (i = 0; i <= nroots; i++)
151 rs->genpoly[i] = rs->index_of[rs->genpoly[i]];
168 * free_rs - Free the rs control structure, if it is no longer used
169 * @rs: the control structure which is not longer used by the
172 void free_rs(struct rs_control *rs)
174 mutex_lock(&rslistlock);
183 mutex_unlock(&rslistlock);
187 * init_rs_internal - Find a matching or allocate a new rs control structure
188 * @symsize: the symbol size (number of bits)
189 * @gfpoly: the extended Galois field generator polynomial coefficients,
190 * with the 0th coefficient in the low order bit. The polynomial
192 * @gffunc: pointer to function to generate the next field element,
193 * or the multiplicative identity element if given 0. Used
194 * instead of gfpoly if gfpoly is 0
195 * @fcr: the first consecutive root of the rs code generator polynomial
197 * @prim: primitive element to generate polynomial roots
198 * @nroots: RS code generator polynomial degree (number of roots)
200 static struct rs_control *init_rs_internal(int symsize, int gfpoly,
201 int (*gffunc)(int), int fcr,
202 int prim, int nroots)
204 struct list_head *tmp;
205 struct rs_control *rs;
210 if (fcr < 0 || fcr >= (1<<symsize))
212 if (prim <= 0 || prim >= (1<<symsize))
214 if (nroots < 0 || nroots >= (1<<symsize))
217 mutex_lock(&rslistlock);
219 /* Walk through the list and look for a matching entry */
220 list_for_each(tmp, &rslist) {
221 rs = list_entry(tmp, struct rs_control, list);
222 if (symsize != rs->mm)
224 if (gfpoly != rs->gfpoly)
226 if (gffunc != rs->gffunc)
230 if (prim != rs->prim)
232 if (nroots != rs->nroots)
234 /* We have a matching one already */
239 /* Create a new one */
240 rs = rs_init(symsize, gfpoly, gffunc, fcr, prim, nroots);
243 list_add(&rs->list, &rslist);
246 mutex_unlock(&rslistlock);
251 * init_rs - Find a matching or allocate a new rs control structure
252 * @symsize: the symbol size (number of bits)
253 * @gfpoly: the extended Galois field generator polynomial coefficients,
254 * with the 0th coefficient in the low order bit. The polynomial
256 * @fcr: the first consecutive root of the rs code generator polynomial
258 * @prim: primitive element to generate polynomial roots
259 * @nroots: RS code generator polynomial degree (number of roots)
261 struct rs_control *init_rs(int symsize, int gfpoly, int fcr, int prim,
264 return init_rs_internal(symsize, gfpoly, NULL, fcr, prim, nroots);
268 * init_rs_non_canonical - Find a matching or allocate a new rs control
269 * structure, for fields with non-canonical
271 * @symsize: the symbol size (number of bits)
272 * @gffunc: pointer to function to generate the next field element,
273 * or the multiplicative identity element if given 0. Used
274 * instead of gfpoly if gfpoly is 0
275 * @fcr: the first consecutive root of the rs code generator polynomial
277 * @prim: primitive element to generate polynomial roots
278 * @nroots: RS code generator polynomial degree (number of roots)
280 struct rs_control *init_rs_non_canonical(int symsize, int (*gffunc)(int),
281 int fcr, int prim, int nroots)
283 return init_rs_internal(symsize, 0, gffunc, fcr, prim, nroots);
286 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_ENC8
288 * encode_rs8 - Calculate the parity for data values (8bit data width)
289 * @rs: the rs control structure
290 * @data: data field of a given type
292 * @par: parity data, must be initialized by caller (usually all 0)
293 * @invmsk: invert data mask (will be xored on data)
295 * The parity uses a uint16_t data type to enable
296 * symbol size > 8. The calling code must take care of encoding of the
297 * syndrome result for storage itself.
299 int encode_rs8(struct rs_control *rs, uint8_t *data, int len, uint16_t *par,
302 #include "encode_rs.c"
304 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(encode_rs8);
307 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_DEC8
309 * decode_rs8 - Decode codeword (8bit data width)
310 * @rs: the rs control structure
311 * @data: data field of a given type
312 * @par: received parity data field
314 * @s: syndrome data field (if NULL, syndrome is calculated)
315 * @no_eras: number of erasures
316 * @eras_pos: position of erasures, can be NULL
317 * @invmsk: invert data mask (will be xored on data, not on parity!)
318 * @corr: buffer to store correction bitmask on eras_pos
320 * The syndrome and parity uses a uint16_t data type to enable
321 * symbol size > 8. The calling code must take care of decoding of the
322 * syndrome result and the received parity before calling this code.
323 * Returns the number of corrected bits or -EBADMSG for uncorrectable errors.
325 int decode_rs8(struct rs_control *rs, uint8_t *data, uint16_t *par, int len,
326 uint16_t *s, int no_eras, int *eras_pos, uint16_t invmsk,
329 #include "decode_rs.c"
331 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(decode_rs8);
334 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_ENC16
336 * encode_rs16 - Calculate the parity for data values (16bit data width)
337 * @rs: the rs control structure
338 * @data: data field of a given type
340 * @par: parity data, must be initialized by caller (usually all 0)
341 * @invmsk: invert data mask (will be xored on data, not on parity!)
343 * Each field in the data array contains up to symbol size bits of valid data.
345 int encode_rs16(struct rs_control *rs, uint16_t *data, int len, uint16_t *par,
348 #include "encode_rs.c"
350 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(encode_rs16);
353 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_DEC16
355 * decode_rs16 - Decode codeword (16bit data width)
356 * @rs: the rs control structure
357 * @data: data field of a given type
358 * @par: received parity data field
360 * @s: syndrome data field (if NULL, syndrome is calculated)
361 * @no_eras: number of erasures
362 * @eras_pos: position of erasures, can be NULL
363 * @invmsk: invert data mask (will be xored on data, not on parity!)
364 * @corr: buffer to store correction bitmask on eras_pos
366 * Each field in the data array contains up to symbol size bits of valid data.
367 * Returns the number of corrected bits or -EBADMSG for uncorrectable errors.
369 int decode_rs16(struct rs_control *rs, uint16_t *data, uint16_t *par, int len,
370 uint16_t *s, int no_eras, int *eras_pos, uint16_t invmsk,
373 #include "decode_rs.c"
375 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(decode_rs16);
378 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_rs);
379 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_rs_non_canonical);
380 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(free_rs);
382 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
383 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Reed Solomon encoder/decoder");
384 MODULE_AUTHOR("Phil Karn, Thomas Gleixner");