2 * cpufreq driver for Enhanced SpeedStep, as found in Intel's Pentium
3 * M (part of the Centrino chipset).
5 * Despite the "SpeedStep" in the name, this is almost entirely unlike
6 * traditional SpeedStep.
8 * Modelled on speedstep.c
10 * Copyright (C) 2003 Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
12 * WARNING WARNING WARNING
14 * This driver manipulates the PERF_CTL MSR, which is only somewhat
15 * documented. While it seems to work on my laptop, it has not been
16 * tested anywhere else, and it may not work for you, do strange
17 * things or simply crash.
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
23 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
24 #include <linux/config.h>
25 #include <linux/delay.h>
26 #include <linux/compiler.h>
28 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <acpi/processor.h>
34 #include <asm/processor.h>
35 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
37 #include "speedstep-est-common.h"
39 #define PFX "speedstep-centrino: "
40 #define MAINTAINER "Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>"
42 #define dprintk(msg...) cpufreq_debug_printk(CPUFREQ_DEBUG_DRIVER, "speedstep-centrino", msg)
47 __u8 x86; /* CPU family */
48 __u8 x86_model; /* model */
49 __u8 x86_mask; /* stepping */
61 static const struct cpu_id cpu_ids[] = {
62 [CPU_BANIAS] = { 6, 9, 5 },
63 [CPU_DOTHAN_A1] = { 6, 13, 1 },
64 [CPU_DOTHAN_A2] = { 6, 13, 2 },
65 [CPU_DOTHAN_B0] = { 6, 13, 6 },
66 [CPU_MP4HT_D0] = {15, 3, 4 },
67 [CPU_MP4HT_E0] = {15, 4, 1 },
69 #define N_IDS (sizeof(cpu_ids)/sizeof(cpu_ids[0]))
73 const struct cpu_id *cpu_id;
74 const char *model_name;
75 unsigned max_freq; /* max clock in kHz */
77 struct cpufreq_frequency_table *op_points; /* clock/voltage pairs */
79 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c, const struct cpu_id *x);
81 /* Operating points for current CPU */
82 static struct cpu_model *centrino_model[NR_CPUS];
83 static const struct cpu_id *centrino_cpu[NR_CPUS];
85 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver;
87 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE
89 /* Computes the correct form for IA32_PERF_CTL MSR for a particular
90 frequency/voltage operating point; frequency in MHz, volts in mV.
91 This is stored as "index" in the structure. */
94 .frequency = (mhz) * 1000, \
95 .index = (((mhz)/100) << 8) | ((mv - 700) / 16) \
99 * These voltage tables were derived from the Intel Pentium M
100 * datasheet, document 25261202.pdf, Table 5. I have verified they
101 * are consistent with my IBM ThinkPad X31, which has a 1.3GHz Pentium
105 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 900MHz (Banias) */
106 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_900[] =
111 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
114 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1000MHz (Banias) */
115 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1000[] =
121 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
124 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.10GHz (Banias) */
125 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1100[] =
132 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
136 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.20GHz (Banias) */
137 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1200[] =
145 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
148 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.30GHz (Banias) */
149 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1300[] =
156 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
159 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.40GHz (Banias) */
160 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1400[] =
167 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
170 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.50GHz (Banias) */
171 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1500[] =
179 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
182 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.60GHz (Banias) */
183 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1600[] =
191 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
194 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.70GHz (Banias) */
195 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1700[] =
203 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
207 #define _BANIAS(cpuid, max, name) \
209 .model_name = "Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor " name "MHz", \
210 .max_freq = (max)*1000, \
211 .op_points = banias_##max, \
213 #define BANIAS(max) _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], max, #max)
215 /* CPU models, their operating frequency range, and freq/voltage
217 static struct cpu_model models[] =
219 _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], 900, " 900"),
229 /* NULL model_name is a wildcard */
230 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A1], NULL, 0, NULL },
231 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A2], NULL, 0, NULL },
232 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_B0], NULL, 0, NULL },
233 { &cpu_ids[CPU_MP4HT_D0], NULL, 0, NULL },
234 { &cpu_ids[CPU_MP4HT_E0], NULL, 0, NULL },
241 static int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
243 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = &cpu_data[policy->cpu];
244 struct cpu_model *model;
246 for(model = models; model->cpu_id != NULL; model++)
247 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu, model->cpu_id) &&
248 (model->model_name == NULL ||
249 strcmp(cpu->x86_model_id, model->model_name) == 0))
252 if (model->cpu_id == NULL) {
253 /* No match at all */
254 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "no support for CPU model \"%s\": "
255 "send /proc/cpuinfo to " MAINTAINER "\n",
260 if (model->op_points == NULL) {
261 /* Matched a non-match */
262 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "no table support for CPU model \"%s\": \n",
264 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
265 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "try compiling with CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI enabled\n");
270 centrino_model[policy->cpu] = model;
272 dprintk("found \"%s\": max frequency: %dkHz\n",
273 model->model_name, model->max_freq);
279 static inline int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) { return -ENODEV; }
280 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE */
282 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c, const struct cpu_id *x)
284 if ((c->x86 == x->x86) &&
285 (c->x86_model == x->x86_model) &&
286 (c->x86_mask == x->x86_mask))
291 /* To be called only after centrino_model is initialized */
292 static unsigned extract_clock(unsigned msr, unsigned int cpu, int failsafe)
297 * Extract clock in kHz from PERF_CTL value
298 * for centrino, as some DSDTs are buggy.
299 * Ideally, this can be done using the acpi_data structure.
301 if ((centrino_cpu[cpu] == &cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS]) ||
302 (centrino_cpu[cpu] == &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A1]) ||
303 (centrino_cpu[cpu] == &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_B0])) {
304 msr = (msr >> 8) & 0xff;
308 if ((!centrino_model[cpu]) || (!centrino_model[cpu]->op_points))
312 for (i=0;centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END; i++) {
313 if (msr == centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index)
314 return centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency;
317 return centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i-1].frequency;
322 /* Return the current CPU frequency in kHz */
323 static unsigned int get_cur_freq(unsigned int cpu)
327 cpumask_t saved_mask;
329 saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed;
330 set_cpus_allowed(current, cpumask_of_cpu(cpu));
331 if (smp_processor_id() != cpu)
334 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_STATUS, l, h);
335 clock_freq = extract_clock(l, cpu, 0);
337 if (unlikely(clock_freq == 0)) {
339 * On some CPUs, we can see transient MSR values (which are
340 * not present in _PSS), while CPU is doing some automatic
341 * P-state transition (like TM2). Get the last freq set
344 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, l, h);
345 clock_freq = extract_clock(l, cpu, 1);
348 set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask);
353 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
355 static struct acpi_processor_performance p;
358 * centrino_cpu_init_acpi - register with ACPI P-States library
360 * Register with the ACPI P-States library (part of drivers/acpi/processor.c)
361 * in order to determine correct frequency and voltage pairings by reading
362 * the _PSS of the ACPI DSDT or SSDT tables.
364 static int centrino_cpu_init_acpi(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
366 union acpi_object arg0 = {ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER};
368 struct acpi_object_list arg_list = {1, &arg0};
369 unsigned long cur_freq;
371 unsigned int cpu = policy->cpu;
374 arg0.buffer.length = 12;
375 arg0.buffer.pointer = (u8 *) arg0_buf;
376 arg0_buf[0] = ACPI_PDC_REVISION_ID;
378 arg0_buf[2] = ACPI_PDC_EST_CAPABILITY_SMP | ACPI_PDC_EST_CAPABILITY_MSR;
382 /* register with ACPI core */
383 if (acpi_processor_register_performance(&p, cpu)) {
384 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "obtaining ACPI data failed\n");
388 /* verify the acpi_data */
389 if (p.state_count <= 1) {
390 dprintk("No P-States\n");
395 if ((p.control_register.space_id != ACPI_ADR_SPACE_FIXED_HARDWARE) ||
396 (p.status_register.space_id != ACPI_ADR_SPACE_FIXED_HARDWARE)) {
397 dprintk("Invalid control/status registers (%x - %x)\n",
398 p.control_register.space_id, p.status_register.space_id);
403 for (i=0; i<p.state_count; i++) {
404 if (p.states[i].control != p.states[i].status) {
405 dprintk("Different control (%x) and status values (%x)\n",
406 p.states[i].control, p.states[i].status);
411 if (!p.states[i].core_frequency) {
412 dprintk("Zero core frequency for state %u\n", i);
417 if (p.states[i].core_frequency > p.states[0].core_frequency) {
418 dprintk("P%u has larger frequency (%u) than P0 (%u), skipping\n", i,
419 p.states[i].core_frequency, p.states[0].core_frequency);
420 p.states[i].core_frequency = 0;
425 centrino_model[cpu] = kmalloc(sizeof(struct cpu_model), GFP_KERNEL);
426 if (!centrino_model[cpu]) {
430 memset(centrino_model[cpu], 0, sizeof(struct cpu_model));
432 centrino_model[cpu]->model_name=NULL;
433 centrino_model[cpu]->max_freq = p.states[0].core_frequency * 1000;
434 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points = kmalloc(sizeof(struct cpufreq_frequency_table) *
435 (p.state_count + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
436 if (!centrino_model[cpu]->op_points) {
441 for (i=0; i<p.state_count; i++) {
442 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index = p.states[i].control;
443 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency = p.states[i].core_frequency * 1000;
444 dprintk("adding state %i with frequency %u and control value %04x\n",
445 i, centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency, centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index);
447 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[p.state_count].frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END;
449 cur_freq = get_cur_freq(cpu);
451 for (i=0; i<p.state_count; i++) {
452 if (!p.states[i].core_frequency) {
453 dprintk("skipping state %u\n", i);
454 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency = CPUFREQ_ENTRY_INVALID;
458 if (extract_clock(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index, cpu, 0) !=
459 (centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency)) {
460 dprintk("Invalid encoded frequency (%u vs. %u)\n",
461 extract_clock(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].index, cpu, 0),
462 centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency);
467 if (cur_freq == centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[i].frequency)
471 /* notify BIOS that we exist */
472 acpi_processor_notify_smm(THIS_MODULE);
477 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points);
479 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]);
481 acpi_processor_unregister_performance(&p, cpu);
482 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "invalid ACPI data\n");
486 static inline int centrino_cpu_init_acpi(struct cpufreq_policy *policy) { return -ENODEV; }
489 static int centrino_cpu_init(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
491 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = &cpu_data[policy->cpu];
497 /* Only Intel makes Enhanced Speedstep-capable CPUs */
498 if (cpu->x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_INTEL || !cpu_has(cpu, X86_FEATURE_EST))
501 for (i = 0; i < N_IDS; i++)
502 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu, &cpu_ids[i]))
506 centrino_cpu[policy->cpu] = &cpu_ids[i];
508 if (is_const_loops_cpu(policy->cpu)) {
509 centrino_driver.flags |= CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS;
512 if (centrino_cpu_init_acpi(policy)) {
513 if (policy->cpu != 0)
516 if (!centrino_cpu[policy->cpu]) {
517 dprintk(KERN_INFO PFX "found unsupported CPU with "
518 "Enhanced SpeedStep: send /proc/cpuinfo to "
523 if (centrino_cpu_init_table(policy)) {
528 /* Check to see if Enhanced SpeedStep is enabled, and try to
530 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
532 if (!(l & (1<<16))) {
534 dprintk("trying to enable Enhanced SpeedStep (%x)\n", l);
535 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
537 /* check to see if it stuck */
538 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
539 if (!(l & (1<<16))) {
540 printk(KERN_INFO PFX "couldn't enable Enhanced SpeedStep\n");
545 freq = get_cur_freq(policy->cpu);
547 policy->governor = CPUFREQ_DEFAULT_GOVERNOR;
548 policy->cpuinfo.transition_latency = 10000; /* 10uS transition latency */
551 dprintk("centrino_cpu_init: cur=%dkHz\n", policy->cur);
553 ret = cpufreq_frequency_table_cpuinfo(policy, centrino_model[policy->cpu]->op_points);
557 cpufreq_frequency_table_get_attr(centrino_model[policy->cpu]->op_points, policy->cpu);
562 static int centrino_cpu_exit(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
564 unsigned int cpu = policy->cpu;
566 if (!centrino_model[cpu])
569 cpufreq_frequency_table_put_attr(cpu);
571 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_ACPI
572 if (!centrino_model[cpu]->model_name) {
573 dprintk("unregistering and freeing ACPI data\n");
574 acpi_processor_unregister_performance(&p, cpu);
575 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]->op_points);
576 kfree(centrino_model[cpu]);
580 centrino_model[cpu] = NULL;
586 * centrino_verify - verifies a new CPUFreq policy
587 * @policy: new policy
589 * Limit must be within this model's frequency range at least one
592 static int centrino_verify (struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
594 return cpufreq_frequency_table_verify(policy, centrino_model[policy->cpu]->op_points);
598 * centrino_setpolicy - set a new CPUFreq policy
599 * @policy: new policy
600 * @target_freq: the target frequency
601 * @relation: how that frequency relates to achieved frequency (CPUFREQ_RELATION_L or CPUFREQ_RELATION_H)
603 * Sets a new CPUFreq policy.
605 static int centrino_target (struct cpufreq_policy *policy,
606 unsigned int target_freq,
607 unsigned int relation)
609 unsigned int newstate = 0;
610 unsigned int msr, oldmsr, h, cpu = policy->cpu;
611 struct cpufreq_freqs freqs;
612 cpumask_t saved_mask;
615 if (centrino_model[cpu] == NULL)
619 * Support for SMP systems.
620 * Make sure we are running on the CPU that wants to change frequency
622 saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed;
623 set_cpus_allowed(current, policy->cpus);
624 if (!cpu_isset(smp_processor_id(), policy->cpus)) {
625 dprintk("couldn't limit to CPUs in this domain\n");
629 if (cpufreq_frequency_table_target(policy, centrino_model[cpu]->op_points, target_freq,
630 relation, &newstate)) {
635 msr = centrino_model[cpu]->op_points[newstate].index;
636 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, oldmsr, h);
638 if (msr == (oldmsr & 0xffff)) {
640 dprintk("no change needed - msr was and needs to be %x\n", oldmsr);
645 freqs.old = extract_clock(oldmsr, cpu, 0);
646 freqs.new = extract_clock(msr, cpu, 0);
648 dprintk("target=%dkHz old=%d new=%d msr=%04x\n",
649 target_freq, freqs.old, freqs.new, msr);
651 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_PRECHANGE);
653 /* all but 16 LSB are "reserved", so treat them with
659 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, oldmsr, h);
661 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE);
665 set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask);
669 static struct freq_attr* centrino_attr[] = {
670 &cpufreq_freq_attr_scaling_available_freqs,
674 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver = {
675 .name = "centrino", /* should be speedstep-centrino,
676 but there's a 16 char limit */
677 .init = centrino_cpu_init,
678 .exit = centrino_cpu_exit,
679 .verify = centrino_verify,
680 .target = centrino_target,
682 .attr = centrino_attr,
683 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
688 * centrino_init - initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep CPUFreq driver
690 * Initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep support. Returns -ENODEV on
691 * unsupported devices, -ENOENT if there's no voltage table for this
692 * particular CPU model, -EINVAL on problems during initiatization,
693 * and zero on success.
695 * This is quite picky. Not only does the CPU have to advertise the
696 * "est" flag in the cpuid capability flags, we look for a specific
697 * CPU model and stepping, and we need to have the exact model name in
698 * our voltage tables. That is, be paranoid about not releasing
699 * someone's valuable magic smoke.
701 static int __init centrino_init(void)
703 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = cpu_data;
705 if (!cpu_has(cpu, X86_FEATURE_EST))
708 return cpufreq_register_driver(¢rino_driver);
711 static void __exit centrino_exit(void)
713 cpufreq_unregister_driver(¢rino_driver);
716 MODULE_AUTHOR ("Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>");
717 MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("Enhanced SpeedStep driver for Intel Pentium M processors.");
718 MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
720 late_initcall(centrino_init);
721 module_exit(centrino_exit);