Merge branch 'devel' of master.kernel.org:/home/rmk/linux-2.6-arm
[linux-2.6] / security / seclvl.c
1 /**
2  * BSD Secure Levels LSM
3  *
4  * Maintainers:
5  *      Michael A. Halcrow <mike@halcrow.us>
6  *      Serge Hallyn <hallyn@cs.wm.edu>
7  *
8  * Copyright (c) 2001 WireX Communications, Inc <chris@wirex.com>
9  * Copyright (c) 2001 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
10  * Copyright (c) 2002 International Business Machines <robb@austin.ibm.com>
11  * Copyright (c) 2006 Davi E. M. Arnaut <davi.arnaut@gmail.com>
12  *
13  *      This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
14  *      it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
15  *      the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
16  *      (at your option) any later version.
17  */
18
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
23 #include <linux/security.h>
24 #include <linux/netlink.h>
25 #include <linux/fs.h>
26 #include <linux/namei.h>
27 #include <linux/mount.h>
28 #include <linux/capability.h>
29 #include <linux/time.h>
30 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
31 #include <linux/kobject.h>
32 #include <linux/crypto.h>
33 #include <asm/scatterlist.h>
34 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
35 #include <linux/gfp.h>
36 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
37
38 #define SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE 20
39
40 /**
41  * Module parameter that defines the initial secure level.
42  *
43  * When built as a module, it defaults to seclvl 1, which is the
44  * behavior of BSD secure levels.  Note that this default behavior
45  * wrecks havoc on a machine when the seclvl module is compiled into
46  * the kernel.  In that case, we default to seclvl 0.
47  */
48 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_SECLVL_MODULE
49 static int initlvl = 1;
50 #else
51 static int initlvl;
52 #endif
53 module_param(initlvl, int, 0);
54 MODULE_PARM_DESC(initlvl, "Initial secure level (defaults to 1)");
55
56 /* Module parameter that defines the verbosity level */
57 static int verbosity;
58 module_param(verbosity, int, 0);
59 MODULE_PARM_DESC(verbosity, "Initial verbosity level (0 or 1; defaults to "
60                  "0, which is Quiet)");
61
62 /**
63  * Optional password which can be passed in to bring seclvl to 0
64  * (i.e., for halt/reboot).  Defaults to NULL (the passwd attribute
65  * file will not be registered in sysfs).
66  *
67  * This gets converted to its SHA1 hash when stored.  It's probably
68  * not a good idea to use this parameter when loading seclvl from a
69  * script; use sha1_passwd instead.
70  */
71
72 #define MAX_PASSWD_SIZE 32
73 static char passwd[MAX_PASSWD_SIZE];
74 module_param_string(passwd, passwd, sizeof(passwd), 0);
75 MODULE_PARM_DESC(passwd,
76                  "Plaintext of password that sets seclvl=0 when written to "
77                  "(sysfs mount point)/seclvl/passwd\n");
78
79 /**
80  * SHA1 hashed version of the optional password which can be passed in
81  * to bring seclvl to 0 (i.e., for halt/reboot).  Must be in
82  * hexadecimal format (40 characters).  Defaults to NULL (the passwd
83  * attribute file will not be registered in sysfs).
84  *
85  * Use the sha1sum utility to generate the SHA1 hash of a password:
86  *
87  * echo -n "secret" | sha1sum
88  */
89 #define MAX_SHA1_PASSWD 41
90 static char sha1_passwd[MAX_SHA1_PASSWD];
91 module_param_string(sha1_passwd, sha1_passwd, sizeof(sha1_passwd), 0);
92 MODULE_PARM_DESC(sha1_passwd,
93                  "SHA1 hash (40 hexadecimal characters) of password that "
94                  "sets seclvl=0 when plaintext password is written to "
95                  "(sysfs mount point)/seclvl/passwd\n");
96
97 static int hideHash = 1;
98 module_param(hideHash, int, 0);
99 MODULE_PARM_DESC(hideHash, "When set to 0, reading seclvl/passwd from sysfs "
100                  "will return the SHA1-hashed value of the password that "
101                  "lowers the secure level to 0.\n");
102
103 #define MY_NAME "seclvl"
104
105 /**
106  * This time-limits log writes to one per second.
107  */
108 #define seclvl_printk(verb, type, fmt, arg...)                  \
109         do {                                                    \
110                 if (verbosity >= verb) {                        \
111                         static unsigned long _prior;            \
112                         unsigned long _now = jiffies;           \
113                         if ((_now - _prior) > HZ) {             \
114                                 printk(type "%s: %s: " fmt,     \
115                                         MY_NAME, __FUNCTION__ , \
116                                         ## arg);                \
117                                 _prior = _now;                  \
118                         }                                       \
119                 }                                               \
120         } while (0)
121
122 /**
123  * The actual security level.  Ranges between -1 and 2 inclusive.
124  */
125 static int seclvl;
126
127 /**
128  * flag to keep track of how we were registered
129  */
130 static int secondary;
131
132 /**
133  * Verifies that the requested secure level is valid, given the current
134  * secure level.
135  */
136 static int seclvl_sanity(int reqlvl)
137 {
138         if ((reqlvl < -1) || (reqlvl > 2)) {
139                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to set seclvl out of "
140                               "range: [%d]\n", reqlvl);
141                 return -EINVAL;
142         }
143         if ((seclvl == 0) && (reqlvl == -1))
144                 return 0;
145         if (reqlvl < seclvl) {
146                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to lower seclvl to "
147                               "[%d]\n", reqlvl);
148                 return -EPERM;
149         }
150         return 0;
151 }
152
153 /**
154  * security level advancement rules:
155  *   Valid levels are -1 through 2, inclusive.
156  *   From -1, stuck.  [ in case compiled into kernel ]
157  *   From 0 or above, can only increment.
158  */
159 static void do_seclvl_advance(void *data, u64 val)
160 {
161         int ret;
162         int newlvl = (int)val;
163
164         ret = seclvl_sanity(newlvl);
165         if (ret)
166                 return;
167
168         if (newlvl > 2) {
169                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Cannot advance to seclvl "
170                               "[%d]\n", newlvl);
171                 return;
172         }
173         if (seclvl == -1) {
174                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Not allowed to advance to "
175                               "seclvl [%d]\n", seclvl);
176                 return;
177         }
178         seclvl = newlvl;  /* would it be more "correct" to set *data? */
179         return;
180 }
181
182 static u64 seclvl_int_get(void *data)
183 {
184         return *(int *)data;
185 }
186
187 DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(seclvl_file_ops, seclvl_int_get, do_seclvl_advance, "%lld\n");
188
189 static unsigned char hashedPassword[SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE];
190
191 /**
192  * Converts a block of plaintext of into its SHA1 hashed value.
193  *
194  * It would be nice if crypto had a wrapper to do this for us linear
195  * people...
196  */
197 static int
198 plaintext_to_sha1(unsigned char *hash, const char *plaintext, unsigned int len)
199 {
200         struct crypto_tfm *tfm;
201         struct scatterlist sg;
202         if (len > PAGE_SIZE) {
203                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Plaintext password too large (%d "
204                               "characters).  Largest possible is %lu "
205                               "bytes.\n", len, PAGE_SIZE);
206                 return -EINVAL;
207         }
208         tfm = crypto_alloc_tfm("sha1", CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP);
209         if (tfm == NULL) {
210                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR,
211                               "Failed to load transform for SHA1\n");
212                 return -EINVAL;
213         }
214         sg_init_one(&sg, (u8 *)plaintext, len);
215         crypto_digest_init(tfm);
216         crypto_digest_update(tfm, &sg, 1);
217         crypto_digest_final(tfm, hash);
218         crypto_free_tfm(tfm);
219         return 0;
220 }
221
222 /**
223  * Called whenever the user writes to the sysfs passwd handle to this kernel
224  * object.  It hashes the password and compares the hashed results.
225  */
226 static ssize_t
227 passwd_write_file(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
228                                 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
229 {
230         char *p;
231         int len;
232         unsigned char tmp[SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE];
233
234         if (!*passwd && !*sha1_passwd) {
235                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Attempt to password-unlock the "
236                               "seclvl module, but neither a plain text "
237                               "password nor a SHA1 hashed password was "
238                               "passed in as a module parameter!  This is a "
239                               "bug, since it should not be possible to be in "
240                               "this part of the module; please tell a "
241                               "maintainer about this event.\n");
242                 return -EINVAL;
243         }
244
245         if (count >= PAGE_SIZE)
246                 return -EINVAL;
247         if (*ppos != 0)
248                 return -EINVAL;
249         p = kmalloc(count, GFP_KERNEL);
250         if (!p)
251                 return -ENOMEM;
252         len = -EFAULT;
253         if (copy_from_user(p, buf, count))
254                 goto out;
255         
256         len = count;
257         /* ``echo "secret" > seclvl/passwd'' includes a newline */
258         if (p[len - 1] == '\n')
259                 len--;
260         /* Hash the password, then compare the hashed values */
261         if ((len = plaintext_to_sha1(tmp, p, len))) {
262                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error hashing password: rc = "
263                               "[%d]\n", len);
264                 goto out;
265         }
266
267         len = -EPERM;
268         if (memcmp(hashedPassword, tmp, SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE))
269                 goto out;
270
271         seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO,
272                       "Password accepted; seclvl reduced to 0.\n");
273         seclvl = 0;
274         len = count;
275
276 out:
277         kfree (p);
278         return len;
279 }
280
281 static struct file_operations passwd_file_ops = {
282         .write = passwd_write_file,
283 };
284
285 /**
286  * Explicitely disallow ptrace'ing the init process.
287  */
288 static int seclvl_ptrace(struct task_struct *parent, struct task_struct *child)
289 {
290         if (seclvl >= 0 && child->pid == 1) {
291                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to ptrace "
292                               "the init process dissallowed in "
293                               "secure level %d\n", seclvl);
294                 return -EPERM;
295         }
296         return 0;
297 }
298
299 /**
300  * Capability checks for seclvl.  The majority of the policy
301  * enforcement for seclvl takes place here.
302  */
303 static int seclvl_capable(struct task_struct *tsk, int cap)
304 {
305         int rc = 0;
306
307         /* init can do anything it wants */
308         if (tsk->pid == 1)
309                 return 0;
310
311         if (seclvl > 0) {
312                 rc = -EPERM;
313
314                 if (cap == CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE)
315                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to modify "
316                                       "the IMMUTABLE and/or APPEND extended "
317                                       "attribute on a file with the IMMUTABLE "
318                                       "and/or APPEND extended attribute set "
319                                       "denied in seclvl [%d]\n", seclvl);
320                 else if (cap == CAP_SYS_RAWIO)
321                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to perform "
322                                       "raw I/O while in secure level [%d] "
323                                       "denied\n", seclvl);
324                 else if (cap == CAP_NET_ADMIN)
325                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to perform "
326                                       "network administrative task while "
327                                       "in secure level [%d] denied\n", seclvl);
328                 else if (cap == CAP_SETUID)
329                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to setuid "
330                                       "while in secure level [%d] denied\n",
331                                       seclvl);
332                 else if (cap == CAP_SETGID)
333                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to setgid "
334                                       "while in secure level [%d] denied\n",
335                                       seclvl);
336                 else if (cap == CAP_SYS_MODULE)
337                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to perform "
338                                       "a module operation while in secure "
339                                       "level [%d] denied\n", seclvl);
340                 else
341                         rc = 0;
342         }
343
344         if (!rc) {
345                 if (!(cap_is_fs_cap(cap) ? tsk->fsuid == 0 : tsk->euid == 0))
346                         rc = -EPERM;
347         }
348
349         if (rc)
350                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Capability denied\n");
351
352         return rc;
353 }
354
355 /**
356  * Disallow reversing the clock in seclvl > 1
357  */
358 static int seclvl_settime(struct timespec *tv, struct timezone *tz)
359 {
360         if (tv && seclvl > 1) {
361                 struct timespec now;
362                 now = current_kernel_time();
363                 if (tv->tv_sec < now.tv_sec ||
364                     (tv->tv_sec == now.tv_sec && tv->tv_nsec < now.tv_nsec)) {
365                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to decrement "
366                                       "time in secure level %d denied: "
367                                       "current->pid = [%d], "
368                                       "current->group_leader->pid = [%d]\n",
369                                       seclvl, current->pid,
370                                       current->group_leader->pid);
371                         return -EPERM;
372                 }               /* if attempt to decrement time */
373         }                       /* if seclvl > 1 */
374         return 0;
375 }
376
377 /* claim the blockdev to exclude mounters, release on file close */
378 static int seclvl_bd_claim(struct inode *inode)
379 {
380         int holder;
381         struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
382         dev_t dev = inode->i_rdev;
383         bdev = open_by_devnum(dev, FMODE_WRITE);
384         if (bdev) {
385                 if (bd_claim(bdev, &holder)) {
386                         blkdev_put(bdev);
387                         return -EPERM;
388                 }
389                 /* claimed, mark it to release on close */
390                 inode->i_security = current;
391         }
392         return 0;
393 }
394
395 /* release the blockdev if you claimed it */
396 static void seclvl_bd_release(struct inode *inode)
397 {
398         if (inode && S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_security == current) {
399                 struct block_device *bdev = inode->i_bdev;
400                 if (bdev) {
401                         bd_release(bdev);
402                         blkdev_put(bdev);
403                         inode->i_security = NULL;
404                 }
405         }
406 }
407
408 /**
409  * Security for writes to block devices is regulated by this seclvl
410  * function.  Deny all writes to block devices in seclvl 2.  In
411  * seclvl 1, we only deny writes to *mounted* block devices.
412  */
413 static int
414 seclvl_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask, struct nameidata *nd)
415 {
416         if (current->pid != 1 && S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode) && (mask & MAY_WRITE)) {
417                 switch (seclvl) {
418                 case 2:
419                         seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Write to block device "
420                                       "denied in secure level [%d]\n", seclvl);
421                         return -EPERM;
422                 case 1:
423                         if (seclvl_bd_claim(inode)) {
424                                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING,
425                                               "Write to mounted block device "
426                                               "denied in secure level [%d]\n",
427                                               seclvl);
428                                 return -EPERM;
429                         }
430                 }
431         }
432         return 0;
433 }
434
435 /**
436  * The SUID and SGID bits cannot be set in seclvl >= 1
437  */
438 static int seclvl_inode_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *iattr)
439 {
440         if (seclvl > 0) {
441                 if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
442                         if (iattr->ia_mode & S_ISUID ||
443                             iattr->ia_mode & S_ISGID) {
444                                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to "
445                                               "modify SUID or SGID bit "
446                                               "denied in seclvl [%d]\n",
447                                               seclvl);
448                                 return -EPERM;
449                         }
450         }
451         return 0;
452 }
453
454 /* release busied block devices */
455 static void seclvl_file_free_security(struct file *filp)
456 {
457         struct dentry *dentry = filp->f_dentry;
458
459         if (dentry)
460                 seclvl_bd_release(dentry->d_inode);
461 }
462
463 /**
464  * Cannot unmount in secure level 2
465  */
466 static int seclvl_umount(struct vfsmount *mnt, int flags)
467 {
468         if (current->pid != 1 && seclvl == 2) {
469                 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to unmount in secure "
470                               "level %d\n", seclvl);
471                 return -EPERM;
472         }
473         return 0;
474 }
475
476 static struct security_operations seclvl_ops = {
477         .ptrace = seclvl_ptrace,
478         .capable = seclvl_capable,
479         .inode_permission = seclvl_inode_permission,
480         .inode_setattr = seclvl_inode_setattr,
481         .file_free_security = seclvl_file_free_security,
482         .settime = seclvl_settime,
483         .sb_umount = seclvl_umount,
484 };
485
486 /**
487  * Process the password-related module parameters
488  */
489 static int processPassword(void)
490 {
491         int rc = 0;
492         if (*passwd) {
493                 char *p;
494
495                 if (*sha1_passwd) {
496                         seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error: Both "
497                                       "passwd and sha1_passwd "
498                                       "were set, but they are mutually "
499                                       "exclusive.\n");
500                         return -EINVAL;
501                 }
502
503                 p = kstrdup(passwd, GFP_KERNEL);
504                 if (p == NULL)
505                         return -ENOMEM;
506
507                 if ((rc = plaintext_to_sha1(hashedPassword, p, strlen(p))))
508                         seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error: SHA1 support not "
509                                       "in kernel\n");
510
511                 kfree (p);
512                 /* All static data goes to the BSS, which zero's the
513                  * plaintext password out for us. */
514         } else if (*sha1_passwd) {      // Base 16
515                 int i;
516                 i = strlen(sha1_passwd);
517                 if (i != (SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE * 2)) {
518                         seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Received [%d] bytes; "
519                                       "expected [%d] for the hexadecimal "
520                                       "representation of the SHA1 hash of "
521                                       "the password.\n",
522                                       i, (SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE * 2));
523                         return -EINVAL;
524                 }
525                 while ((i -= 2) + 2) {
526                         unsigned char tmp;
527                         tmp = sha1_passwd[i + 2];
528                         sha1_passwd[i + 2] = '\0';
529                         hashedPassword[i / 2] = (unsigned char)
530                             simple_strtol(&sha1_passwd[i], NULL, 16);
531                         sha1_passwd[i + 2] = tmp;
532                 }
533         }
534         return rc;
535 }
536
537 /**
538  * securityfs registrations
539  */
540 struct dentry *dir_ino, *seclvl_ino, *passwd_ino;
541
542 static int seclvlfs_register(void)
543 {
544         int rc = 0;
545
546         dir_ino = securityfs_create_dir("seclvl", NULL);
547
548         if (IS_ERR(dir_ino))
549                 return PTR_ERR(dir_ino);
550
551         seclvl_ino = securityfs_create_file("seclvl", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
552                                 dir_ino, &seclvl, &seclvl_file_ops);
553         if (IS_ERR(seclvl_ino)) {
554                 rc = PTR_ERR(seclvl_ino);
555                 goto out_deldir;
556         }
557         if (*passwd || *sha1_passwd) {
558                 passwd_ino = securityfs_create_file("passwd", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
559                                 dir_ino, NULL, &passwd_file_ops);
560                 if (IS_ERR(passwd_ino)) {
561                         rc = PTR_ERR(passwd_ino);
562                         goto out_delf;
563                 }
564         }
565         return rc;
566
567 out_delf:
568         securityfs_remove(seclvl_ino);
569
570 out_deldir:
571         securityfs_remove(dir_ino);
572
573         return rc;
574 }
575
576 static void seclvlfs_unregister(void)
577 {
578         securityfs_remove(seclvl_ino);
579
580         if (*passwd || *sha1_passwd)
581                 securityfs_remove(passwd_ino);
582
583         securityfs_remove(dir_ino);
584 }
585
586 /**
587  * Initialize the seclvl module.
588  */
589 static int __init seclvl_init(void)
590 {
591         int rc = 0;
592         static char once;
593
594         if (verbosity < 0 || verbosity > 1) {
595                 printk(KERN_ERR "Error: bad verbosity [%d]; only 0 or 1 "
596                        "are valid values\n", verbosity);
597                 rc = -EINVAL;
598                 goto exit;
599         }
600         if (initlvl < -1 || initlvl > 2) {
601                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error: bad initial securelevel "
602                               "[%d].\n", initlvl);
603                 rc = -EINVAL;
604                 goto exit;
605         }
606         seclvl = initlvl;
607         if ((rc = processPassword())) {
608                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error processing the password "
609                               "module parameter(s): rc = [%d]\n", rc);
610                 goto exit;
611         }
612
613         if ((rc = seclvlfs_register())) {
614                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error registering with sysfs\n");
615                 goto exit;
616         }
617         /* register ourselves with the security framework */
618         if (register_security(&seclvl_ops)) {
619                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR,
620                               "seclvl: Failure registering with the "
621                               "kernel.\n");
622                 /* try registering with primary module */
623                 rc = mod_reg_security(MY_NAME, &seclvl_ops);
624                 if (rc) {
625                         seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "seclvl: Failure "
626                                       "registering with primary security "
627                                       "module.\n");
628                         seclvlfs_unregister();
629                         goto exit;
630                 }               /* if primary module registered */
631                 secondary = 1;
632         }                       /* if we registered ourselves with the security framework */
633
634         seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO, "seclvl: Successfully initialized.\n");
635
636         if (once) {
637                 once = 1;
638                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO, "seclvl is going away. It has been "
639                                 "buggy for ages. Also, be warned that "
640                                 "Securelevels are useless.");
641         }
642  exit:
643         if (rc)
644                 printk(KERN_ERR "seclvl: Error during initialization: rc = "
645                        "[%d]\n", rc);
646         return rc;
647 }
648
649 /**
650  * Remove the seclvl module.
651  */
652 static void __exit seclvl_exit(void)
653 {
654         seclvlfs_unregister();
655
656         if (secondary)
657                 mod_unreg_security(MY_NAME, &seclvl_ops);
658         else if (unregister_security(&seclvl_ops))
659                 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO,
660                               "seclvl: Failure unregistering with the "
661                               "kernel\n");
662 }
663
664 module_init(seclvl_init);
665 module_exit(seclvl_exit);
666
667 MODULE_AUTHOR("Michael A. Halcrow <mike@halcrow.us>");
668 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("LSM implementation of the BSD Secure Levels");
669 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");