2 * Kernel execution entry point code.
4 * Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Gary Thomas <gdt@linuxppc.org>
5 * Initial PowerPC version.
6 * Copyright (c) 1996 Cort Dougan <cort@cs.nmt.edu>
8 * Copyright (c) 1996 Paul Mackerras <paulus@cs.anu.edu.au>
9 * Low-level exception handers, MMU support, and rewrite.
10 * Copyright (c) 1997 Dan Malek <dmalek@jlc.net>
11 * PowerPC 8xx modifications.
12 * Copyright (c) 1998-1999 TiVo, Inc.
13 * PowerPC 403GCX modifications.
14 * Copyright (c) 1999 Grant Erickson <grant@lcse.umn.edu>
15 * PowerPC 403GCX/405GP modifications.
16 * Copyright 2000 MontaVista Software Inc.
17 * PPC405 modifications
18 * PowerPC 403GCX/405GP modifications.
19 * Author: MontaVista Software, Inc.
20 * frank_rowand@mvista.com or source@mvista.com
21 * debbie_chu@mvista.com
22 * Copyright 2002-2005 MontaVista Software, Inc.
23 * PowerPC 44x support, Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
25 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
26 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
27 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
28 * option) any later version.
31 #include <linux/config.h>
32 #include <asm/processor.h>
35 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
36 #include <asm/ibm4xx.h>
37 #include <asm/ibm44x.h>
38 #include <asm/cputable.h>
39 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
40 #include <asm/ppc_asm.h>
41 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
42 #include "head_booke.h"
45 /* As with the other PowerPC ports, it is expected that when code
46 * execution begins here, the following registers contain valid, yet
47 * optional, information:
49 * r3 - Board info structure pointer (DRAM, frequency, MAC address, etc.)
50 * r4 - Starting address of the init RAM disk
51 * r5 - Ending address of the init RAM disk
52 * r6 - Start of kernel command line string (e.g. "mem=128")
53 * r7 - End of kernel command line string
60 * Reserve a word at a fixed location to store the address
65 * Save parameters we are passed
72 li r24,0 /* CPU number */
75 * Set up the initial MMU state
77 * We are still executing code at the virtual address
78 * mappings set by the firmware for the base of RAM.
80 * We first invalidate all TLB entries but the one
81 * we are running from. We then load the KERNELBASE
82 * mappings so we can begin to use kernel addresses
83 * natively and so the interrupt vector locations are
84 * permanently pinned (necessary since Book E
85 * implementations always have translation enabled).
87 * TODO: Use the known TLB entry we are running from to
88 * determine which physical region we are located
89 * in. This can be used to determine where in RAM
90 * (on a shared CPU system) or PCI memory space
91 * (on a DRAMless system) we are located.
92 * For now, we assume a perfect world which means
93 * we are located at the base of DRAM (physical 0).
97 * Search TLB for entry that we are currently using.
98 * Invalidate all entries but the one we are using.
100 /* Load our current PID->MMUCR TID and MSR IS->MMUCR STS */
101 mfspr r3,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
102 mfmsr r4 /* Get MSR */
103 andi. r4,r4,MSR_IS@l /* TS=1? */
104 beq wmmucr /* If not, leave STS=0 */
105 oris r3,r3,PPC44x_MMUCR_STS@h /* Set STS=1 */
106 wmmucr: mtspr SPRN_MMUCR,r3 /* Put MMUCR */
109 bl invstr /* Find our address */
110 invstr: mflr r5 /* Make it accessible */
111 tlbsx r23,0,r5 /* Find entry we are in */
112 li r4,0 /* Start at TLB entry 0 */
113 li r3,0 /* Set PAGEID inval value */
114 1: cmpw r23,r4 /* Is this our entry? */
115 beq skpinv /* If so, skip the inval */
116 tlbwe r3,r4,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* If not, inval the entry */
117 skpinv: addi r4,r4,1 /* Increment */
118 cmpwi r4,64 /* Are we done? */
119 bne 1b /* If not, repeat */
120 isync /* If so, context change */
123 * Configure and load pinned entry into TLB slot 63.
126 lis r3,KERNELBASE@h /* Load the kernel virtual address */
127 ori r3,r3,KERNELBASE@l
129 /* Kernel is at the base of RAM */
130 li r4, 0 /* Load the kernel physical address */
132 /* Load the kernel PID = 0 */
137 /* Initialize MMUCR */
143 clrrwi r3,r3,10 /* Mask off the effective page number */
144 ori r3,r3,PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_256M
147 clrrwi r4,r4,10 /* Mask off the real page number */
148 /* ERPN is 0 for first 4GB page */
151 /* Added guarded bit to protect against speculative loads/stores */
153 ori r5,r5,(PPC44x_TLB_SW | PPC44x_TLB_SR | PPC44x_TLB_SX | PPC44x_TLB_G)
155 li r0,63 /* TLB slot 63 */
157 tlbwe r3,r0,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Load the pageid fields */
158 tlbwe r4,r0,PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Load the translation fields */
159 tlbwe r5,r0,PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Load the attrib/access fields */
161 /* Force context change */
170 /* If necessary, invalidate original entry we used */
174 tlbwe r6,r23,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID
178 #ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_TEXT_DEBUG
180 * Add temporary UART mapping for early debug.
181 * We can map UART registers wherever we want as long as they don't
182 * interfere with other system mappings (e.g. with pinned entries).
183 * For an example of how we handle this - see ocotea.h. --ebs
186 lis r3,UART0_IO_BASE@h
187 ori r3,r3,PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_4K
190 lis r4,UART0_PHYS_IO_BASE@h /* RPN depends on SoC */
191 #ifdef UART0_PHYS_ERPN
192 ori r4,r4,UART0_PHYS_ERPN /* Add ERPN if above 4GB */
197 ori r5,r5,(PPC44x_TLB_SW | PPC44x_TLB_SR | PPC44x_TLB_I | PPC44x_TLB_G)
199 li r0,0 /* TLB slot 0 */
201 tlbwe r3,r0,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Load the pageid fields */
202 tlbwe r4,r0,PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Load the translation fields */
203 tlbwe r5,r0,PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Load the attrib/access fields */
205 /* Force context change */
207 #endif /* CONFIG_SERIAL_TEXT_DEBUG */
209 /* Establish the interrupt vector offsets */
210 SET_IVOR(0, CriticalInput);
211 SET_IVOR(1, MachineCheck);
212 SET_IVOR(2, DataStorage);
213 SET_IVOR(3, InstructionStorage);
214 SET_IVOR(4, ExternalInput);
215 SET_IVOR(5, Alignment);
216 SET_IVOR(6, Program);
217 SET_IVOR(7, FloatingPointUnavailable);
218 SET_IVOR(8, SystemCall);
219 SET_IVOR(9, AuxillaryProcessorUnavailable);
220 SET_IVOR(10, Decrementer);
221 SET_IVOR(11, FixedIntervalTimer);
222 SET_IVOR(12, WatchdogTimer);
223 SET_IVOR(13, DataTLBError);
224 SET_IVOR(14, InstructionTLBError);
227 /* Establish the interrupt vector base */
228 lis r4,interrupt_base@h /* IVPR only uses the high 16-bits */
232 /* Clear DAPUIB flag in CCR0 (enable APU between CPU and FPU) */
242 * This is where the main kernel code starts.
247 ori r2,r2,init_task@l
249 /* ptr to current thread */
250 addi r4,r2,THREAD /* init task's THREAD */
254 lis r1,init_thread_union@h
255 ori r1,r1,init_thread_union@l
257 stwu r0,THREAD_SIZE-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r1)
262 * Decide what sort of machine this is and initialize the MMU.
272 /* Setup PTE pointers for the Abatron bdiGDB */
273 lis r6, swapper_pg_dir@h
274 ori r6, r6, swapper_pg_dir@l
275 lis r5, abatron_pteptrs@h
276 ori r5, r5, abatron_pteptrs@l
278 ori r4, r4, KERNELBASE@l
279 stw r5, 0(r4) /* Save abatron_pteptrs at a fixed location */
283 lis r4,start_kernel@h
284 ori r4,r4,start_kernel@l
286 ori r3,r3,MSR_KERNEL@l
289 rfi /* change context and jump to start_kernel */
292 * Interrupt vector entry code
294 * The Book E MMUs are always on so we don't need to handle
295 * interrupts in real mode as with previous PPC processors. In
296 * this case we handle interrupts in the kernel virtual address
299 * Interrupt vectors are dynamically placed relative to the
300 * interrupt prefix as determined by the address of interrupt_base.
301 * The interrupt vectors offsets are programmed using the labels
302 * for each interrupt vector entry.
304 * Interrupt vectors must be aligned on a 16 byte boundary.
305 * We align on a 32 byte cache line boundary for good measure.
309 /* Critical Input Interrupt */
310 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x0100, CriticalInput, unknown_exception)
312 /* Machine Check Interrupt */
314 MCHECK_EXCEPTION(0x0200, MachineCheck, machine_check_exception)
316 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x0200, MachineCheck, machine_check_exception)
319 /* Data Storage Interrupt */
320 START_EXCEPTION(DataStorage)
321 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
322 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
323 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
324 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
326 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
329 * Check if it was a store fault, if not then bail
330 * because a user tried to access a kernel or
331 * read-protected page. Otherwise, get the
332 * offending address and handle it.
335 andis. r10, r10, ESR_ST@h
338 mfspr r10, SPRN_DEAR /* Get faulting address */
340 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
341 * kernel page tables.
346 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
347 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
350 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
354 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
359 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
360 mfspr r12,SPRN_MMUCR /* Get MMUCR */
361 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
362 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
367 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
368 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
369 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
370 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
372 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
373 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
375 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_RW /* Is it writeable? */
376 beq 2f /* Bail if not */
380 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_DIRTY|_PAGE_ACCESSED|_PAGE_HWWRITE
381 stw r11, 4(r12) /* Update Linux page table */
383 li r13, PPC44x_TLB_SR@l /* Set SR */
384 rlwimi r13, r11, 29, 29, 29 /* SX = _PAGE_HWEXEC */
385 rlwimi r13, r11, 0, 30, 30 /* SW = _PAGE_RW */
386 rlwimi r13, r11, 29, 28, 28 /* UR = _PAGE_USER */
387 rlwimi r12, r11, 31, 26, 26 /* (_PAGE_USER>>1)->r12 */
388 rlwimi r12, r11, 29, 30, 30 /* (_PAGE_USER>>3)->r12 */
389 and r12, r12, r11 /* HWEXEC/RW & USER */
390 rlwimi r13, r12, 0, 26, 26 /* UX = HWEXEC & USER */
391 rlwimi r13, r12, 3, 27, 27 /* UW = RW & USER */
393 rlwimi r11,r13,0,26,31 /* Insert static perms */
395 rlwinm r11,r11,0,20,15 /* Clear U0-U3 */
397 /* find the TLB index that caused the fault. It has to be here. */
400 tlbwe r11, r10, PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Write ATTRIB */
402 /* Done...restore registers and get out of here.
404 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
406 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
407 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
409 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
410 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
411 rfi /* Force context change */
415 * The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
416 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
418 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
420 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
421 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
423 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
424 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
427 /* Instruction Storage Interrupt */
428 INSTRUCTION_STORAGE_EXCEPTION
430 /* External Input Interrupt */
431 EXCEPTION(0x0500, ExternalInput, do_IRQ, EXC_XFER_LITE)
433 /* Alignment Interrupt */
436 /* Program Interrupt */
439 /* Floating Point Unavailable Interrupt */
440 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_FPU
441 FP_UNAVAILABLE_EXCEPTION
443 EXCEPTION(0x2010, FloatingPointUnavailable, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
446 /* System Call Interrupt */
447 START_EXCEPTION(SystemCall)
448 NORMAL_EXCEPTION_PROLOG
449 EXC_XFER_EE_LITE(0x0c00, DoSyscall)
451 /* Auxillary Processor Unavailable Interrupt */
452 EXCEPTION(0x2020, AuxillaryProcessorUnavailable, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
454 /* Decrementer Interrupt */
455 DECREMENTER_EXCEPTION
457 /* Fixed Internal Timer Interrupt */
458 /* TODO: Add FIT support */
459 EXCEPTION(0x1010, FixedIntervalTimer, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
461 /* Watchdog Timer Interrupt */
462 /* TODO: Add watchdog support */
463 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOKE_WDT
464 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x1020, WatchdogTimer, WatchdogException)
466 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x1020, WatchdogTimer, unknown_exception)
469 /* Data TLB Error Interrupt */
470 START_EXCEPTION(DataTLBError)
471 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
472 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
473 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
474 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
476 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
477 mfspr r10, SPRN_DEAR /* Get faulting address */
479 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
480 * kernel page tables.
485 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
486 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
489 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
493 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
498 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
500 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
501 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
506 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
507 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
508 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
509 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
511 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
512 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
513 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_PRESENT /* Is the page present? */
514 beq 2f /* Bail if not present */
516 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_ACCESSED
519 /* Jump to common tlb load */
523 /* The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
524 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
526 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
528 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
529 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
530 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
531 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
534 /* Instruction TLB Error Interrupt */
536 * Nearly the same as above, except we get our
537 * information from different registers and bailout
538 * to a different point.
540 START_EXCEPTION(InstructionTLBError)
541 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
542 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
543 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
544 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
546 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
547 mfspr r10, SPRN_SRR0 /* Get faulting address */
549 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
550 * kernel page tables.
555 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
556 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
559 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
563 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
568 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
570 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
571 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
576 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
577 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
578 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
579 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
581 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
582 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
583 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_PRESENT /* Is the page present? */
584 beq 2f /* Bail if not present */
586 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_ACCESSED
589 /* Jump to common TLB load point */
593 /* The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
594 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
596 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
598 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
599 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
600 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
601 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
604 /* Debug Interrupt */
611 * Data TLB exceptions will bail out to this point
612 * if they can't resolve the lightweight TLB fault.
615 NORMAL_EXCEPTION_PROLOG
616 mfspr r5,SPRN_ESR /* Grab the ESR, save it, pass arg3 */
618 mfspr r4,SPRN_DEAR /* Grab the DEAR, save it, pass arg2 */
619 EXC_XFER_EE_LITE(0x0300, handle_page_fault)
623 * Both the instruction and data TLB miss get to this
624 * point to load the TLB.
626 * r11 - available to use
627 * r12 - Pointer to the 64-bit PTE
628 * r13 - available to use
629 * MMUCR - loaded with proper value when we get here
630 * Upon exit, we reload everything and RFI.
634 * We set execute, because we don't have the granularity to
635 * properly set this at the page level (Linux problem).
636 * If shared is set, we cause a zero PID->TID load.
637 * Many of these bits are software only. Bits we don't set
638 * here we (properly should) assume have the appropriate value.
641 /* Load the next available TLB index */
642 lis r13, tlb_44x_index@ha
643 lwz r13, tlb_44x_index@l(r13)
644 /* Load the TLB high watermark */
645 lis r11, tlb_44x_hwater@ha
646 lwz r11, tlb_44x_hwater@l(r11)
648 /* Increment, rollover, and store TLB index */
650 cmpw 0, r13, r11 /* reserve entries */
654 /* Store the next available TLB index */
655 lis r11, tlb_44x_index@ha
656 stw r13, tlb_44x_index@l(r11)
658 lwz r11, 0(r12) /* Get MS word of PTE */
659 lwz r12, 4(r12) /* Get LS word of PTE */
660 rlwimi r11, r12, 0, 0 , 19 /* Insert RPN */
661 tlbwe r11, r13, PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Write XLAT */
664 * Create PAGEID. This is the faulting address,
665 * page size, and valid flag.
667 li r11, PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_4K
668 rlwimi r10, r11, 0, 20, 31 /* Insert valid and page size */
669 tlbwe r10, r13, PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Write PAGEID */
671 li r10, PPC44x_TLB_SR@l /* Set SR */
672 rlwimi r10, r12, 0, 30, 30 /* Set SW = _PAGE_RW */
673 rlwimi r10, r12, 29, 29, 29 /* SX = _PAGE_HWEXEC */
674 rlwimi r10, r12, 29, 28, 28 /* UR = _PAGE_USER */
675 rlwimi r11, r12, 31, 26, 26 /* (_PAGE_USER>>1)->r12 */
676 and r11, r12, r11 /* HWEXEC & USER */
677 rlwimi r10, r11, 0, 26, 26 /* UX = HWEXEC & USER */
679 rlwimi r12, r10, 0, 26, 31 /* Insert static perms */
680 rlwinm r12, r12, 0, 20, 15 /* Clear U0-U3 */
681 tlbwe r12, r13, PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Write ATTRIB */
683 /* Done...restore registers and get out of here.
685 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
687 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
688 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
689 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
690 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
691 rfi /* Force context change */
698 * extern void giveup_altivec(struct task_struct *prev)
700 * The 44x core does not have an AltiVec unit.
702 _GLOBAL(giveup_altivec)
706 * extern void giveup_fpu(struct task_struct *prev)
708 * The 44x core does not have an FPU.
710 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC_FPU
716 * extern void abort(void)
718 * At present, this routine just applies a system reset.
722 oris r13,r13,DBCR0_RST_SYSTEM@h
727 #ifdef CONFIG_BDI_SWITCH
728 /* Context switch the PTE pointer for the Abatron BDI2000.
729 * The PGDIR is the second parameter.
731 lis r5, abatron_pteptrs@h
732 ori r5, r5, abatron_pteptrs@l
736 isync /* Force context change */
740 * We put a few things here that have to be page-aligned. This stuff
741 * goes at the beginning of the data segment, which is page-aligned.
747 .globl empty_zero_page
752 * To support >32-bit physical addresses, we use an 8KB pgdir.
754 .globl swapper_pg_dir
758 /* Reserved 4k for the critical exception stack & 4k for the machine
759 * check stack per CPU for kernel mode exceptions */
762 exception_stack_bottom:
763 .space BOOKE_EXCEPTION_STACK_SIZE
764 .globl exception_stack_top
768 * This space gets a copy of optional info passed to us by the bootstrap
769 * which is used to pass parameters into the kernel like root=/dev/sda1, etc.
776 * Room for two PTE pointers, usually the kernel and current user pointers
777 * to their respective root page table.