2 * Dynamic DMA mapping support for AMD Hammer.
4 * Use the integrated AGP GART in the Hammer northbridge as an IOMMU for PCI.
5 * This allows to use PCI devices that only support 32bit addresses on systems
8 * See Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt for the interface specification.
10 * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
11 * Subject to the GNU General Public License v2 only.
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/ctype.h>
16 #include <linux/agp_backend.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/string.h>
20 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
21 #include <linux/pci.h>
22 #include <linux/module.h>
23 #include <linux/topology.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/bitops.h>
26 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
27 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
28 #include <linux/iommu-helper.h>
29 #include <linux/sysdev.h>
31 #include <asm/atomic.h>
33 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
34 #include <asm/proto.h>
35 #include <asm/iommu.h>
37 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
38 #include <asm/swiotlb.h>
42 static unsigned long iommu_bus_base; /* GART remapping area (physical) */
43 static unsigned long iommu_size; /* size of remapping area bytes */
44 static unsigned long iommu_pages; /* .. and in pages */
46 static u32 *iommu_gatt_base; /* Remapping table */
49 * If this is disabled the IOMMU will use an optimized flushing strategy
50 * of only flushing when an mapping is reused. With it true the GART is
51 * flushed for every mapping. Problem is that doing the lazy flush seems
52 * to trigger bugs with some popular PCI cards, in particular 3ware (but
53 * has been also also seen with Qlogic at least).
55 int iommu_fullflush = 1;
57 /* Allocation bitmap for the remapping area: */
58 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(iommu_bitmap_lock);
59 /* Guarded by iommu_bitmap_lock: */
60 static unsigned long *iommu_gart_bitmap;
62 static u32 gart_unmapped_entry;
65 #define GPTE_COHERENT 2
66 #define GPTE_ENCODE(x) \
67 (((x) & 0xfffff000) | (((x) >> 32) << 4) | GPTE_VALID | GPTE_COHERENT)
68 #define GPTE_DECODE(x) (((x) & 0xfffff000) | (((u64)(x) & 0xff0) << 28))
70 #define EMERGENCY_PAGES 32 /* = 128KB */
73 #define AGPEXTERN extern
78 /* backdoor interface to AGP driver */
79 AGPEXTERN int agp_memory_reserved;
80 AGPEXTERN __u32 *agp_gatt_table;
82 static unsigned long next_bit; /* protected by iommu_bitmap_lock */
83 static bool need_flush; /* global flush state. set for each gart wrap */
85 static unsigned long alloc_iommu(struct device *dev, int size,
86 unsigned long align_mask)
88 unsigned long offset, flags;
89 unsigned long boundary_size;
90 unsigned long base_index;
92 base_index = ALIGN(iommu_bus_base & dma_get_seg_boundary(dev),
93 PAGE_SIZE) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
94 boundary_size = ALIGN((unsigned long long)dma_get_seg_boundary(dev) + 1,
95 PAGE_SIZE) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
97 spin_lock_irqsave(&iommu_bitmap_lock, flags);
98 offset = iommu_area_alloc(iommu_gart_bitmap, iommu_pages, next_bit,
99 size, base_index, boundary_size, align_mask);
102 offset = iommu_area_alloc(iommu_gart_bitmap, iommu_pages, 0,
103 size, base_index, boundary_size,
107 next_bit = offset+size;
108 if (next_bit >= iommu_pages) {
115 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&iommu_bitmap_lock, flags);
120 static void free_iommu(unsigned long offset, int size)
124 spin_lock_irqsave(&iommu_bitmap_lock, flags);
125 iommu_area_free(iommu_gart_bitmap, offset, size);
126 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&iommu_bitmap_lock, flags);
130 * Use global flush state to avoid races with multiple flushers.
132 static void flush_gart(void)
136 spin_lock_irqsave(&iommu_bitmap_lock, flags);
141 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&iommu_bitmap_lock, flags);
144 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_LEAK
146 #define SET_LEAK(x) \
148 if (iommu_leak_tab) \
149 iommu_leak_tab[x] = __builtin_return_address(0);\
152 #define CLEAR_LEAK(x) \
154 if (iommu_leak_tab) \
155 iommu_leak_tab[x] = NULL; \
158 /* Debugging aid for drivers that don't free their IOMMU tables */
159 static void **iommu_leak_tab;
160 static int leak_trace;
161 static int iommu_leak_pages = 20;
163 static void dump_leak(void)
168 if (dump || !iommu_leak_tab)
171 show_stack(NULL, NULL);
173 /* Very crude. dump some from the end of the table too */
174 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Dumping %d pages from end of IOMMU:\n",
176 for (i = 0; i < iommu_leak_pages; i += 2) {
177 printk(KERN_DEBUG "%lu: ", iommu_pages-i);
178 printk_address((unsigned long) iommu_leak_tab[iommu_pages-i],
180 printk(KERN_CONT "%c", (i+1)%2 == 0 ? '\n' : ' ');
182 printk(KERN_DEBUG "\n");
186 # define CLEAR_LEAK(x)
189 static void iommu_full(struct device *dev, size_t size, int dir)
192 * Ran out of IOMMU space for this operation. This is very bad.
193 * Unfortunately the drivers cannot handle this operation properly.
194 * Return some non mapped prereserved space in the aperture and
195 * let the Northbridge deal with it. This will result in garbage
196 * in the IO operation. When the size exceeds the prereserved space
197 * memory corruption will occur or random memory will be DMAed
198 * out. Hopefully no network devices use single mappings that big.
201 dev_err(dev, "PCI-DMA: Out of IOMMU space for %lu bytes\n", size);
203 if (size > PAGE_SIZE*EMERGENCY_PAGES) {
204 if (dir == PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE || dir == PCI_DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL)
205 panic("PCI-DMA: Memory would be corrupted\n");
206 if (dir == PCI_DMA_TODEVICE || dir == PCI_DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL)
208 "PCI-DMA: Random memory would be DMAed\n");
210 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_LEAK
216 need_iommu(struct device *dev, unsigned long addr, size_t size)
218 return force_iommu ||
219 !is_buffer_dma_capable(*dev->dma_mask, addr, size);
223 nonforced_iommu(struct device *dev, unsigned long addr, size_t size)
225 return !is_buffer_dma_capable(*dev->dma_mask, addr, size);
228 /* Map a single continuous physical area into the IOMMU.
229 * Caller needs to check if the iommu is needed and flush.
231 static dma_addr_t dma_map_area(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t phys_mem,
232 size_t size, int dir, unsigned long align_mask)
234 unsigned long npages = iommu_num_pages(phys_mem, size, PAGE_SIZE);
235 unsigned long iommu_page = alloc_iommu(dev, npages, align_mask);
238 if (iommu_page == -1) {
239 if (!nonforced_iommu(dev, phys_mem, size))
241 if (panic_on_overflow)
242 panic("dma_map_area overflow %lu bytes\n", size);
243 iommu_full(dev, size, dir);
244 return bad_dma_address;
247 for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
248 iommu_gatt_base[iommu_page + i] = GPTE_ENCODE(phys_mem);
249 SET_LEAK(iommu_page + i);
250 phys_mem += PAGE_SIZE;
252 return iommu_bus_base + iommu_page*PAGE_SIZE + (phys_mem & ~PAGE_MASK);
255 /* Map a single area into the IOMMU */
257 gart_map_single(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr, size_t size, int dir)
262 dev = &x86_dma_fallback_dev;
264 if (!need_iommu(dev, paddr, size))
267 bus = dma_map_area(dev, paddr, size, dir, 0);
274 * Free a DMA mapping.
276 static void gart_unmap_single(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr,
277 size_t size, int direction)
279 unsigned long iommu_page;
283 if (dma_addr < iommu_bus_base + EMERGENCY_PAGES*PAGE_SIZE ||
284 dma_addr >= iommu_bus_base + iommu_size)
287 iommu_page = (dma_addr - iommu_bus_base)>>PAGE_SHIFT;
288 npages = iommu_num_pages(dma_addr, size, PAGE_SIZE);
289 for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
290 iommu_gatt_base[iommu_page + i] = gart_unmapped_entry;
291 CLEAR_LEAK(iommu_page + i);
293 free_iommu(iommu_page, npages);
297 * Wrapper for pci_unmap_single working with scatterlists.
300 gart_unmap_sg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nents, int dir)
302 struct scatterlist *s;
305 for_each_sg(sg, s, nents, i) {
306 if (!s->dma_length || !s->length)
308 gart_unmap_single(dev, s->dma_address, s->dma_length, dir);
312 /* Fallback for dma_map_sg in case of overflow */
313 static int dma_map_sg_nonforce(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
316 struct scatterlist *s;
319 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_DEBUG
320 printk(KERN_DEBUG "dma_map_sg overflow\n");
323 for_each_sg(sg, s, nents, i) {
324 unsigned long addr = sg_phys(s);
326 if (nonforced_iommu(dev, addr, s->length)) {
327 addr = dma_map_area(dev, addr, s->length, dir, 0);
328 if (addr == bad_dma_address) {
330 gart_unmap_sg(dev, sg, i, dir);
332 sg[0].dma_length = 0;
336 s->dma_address = addr;
337 s->dma_length = s->length;
344 /* Map multiple scatterlist entries continuous into the first. */
345 static int __dma_map_cont(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *start,
346 int nelems, struct scatterlist *sout,
349 unsigned long iommu_start = alloc_iommu(dev, pages, 0);
350 unsigned long iommu_page = iommu_start;
351 struct scatterlist *s;
354 if (iommu_start == -1)
357 for_each_sg(start, s, nelems, i) {
358 unsigned long pages, addr;
359 unsigned long phys_addr = s->dma_address;
361 BUG_ON(s != start && s->offset);
363 sout->dma_address = iommu_bus_base;
364 sout->dma_address += iommu_page*PAGE_SIZE + s->offset;
365 sout->dma_length = s->length;
367 sout->dma_length += s->length;
371 pages = iommu_num_pages(s->offset, s->length, PAGE_SIZE);
373 iommu_gatt_base[iommu_page] = GPTE_ENCODE(addr);
374 SET_LEAK(iommu_page);
379 BUG_ON(iommu_page - iommu_start != pages);
385 dma_map_cont(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *start, int nelems,
386 struct scatterlist *sout, unsigned long pages, int need)
390 sout->dma_address = start->dma_address;
391 sout->dma_length = start->length;
394 return __dma_map_cont(dev, start, nelems, sout, pages);
398 * DMA map all entries in a scatterlist.
399 * Merge chunks that have page aligned sizes into a continuous mapping.
402 gart_map_sg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nents, int dir)
404 struct scatterlist *s, *ps, *start_sg, *sgmap;
405 int need = 0, nextneed, i, out, start;
406 unsigned long pages = 0;
407 unsigned int seg_size;
408 unsigned int max_seg_size;
414 dev = &x86_dma_fallback_dev;
418 start_sg = sgmap = sg;
420 max_seg_size = dma_get_max_seg_size(dev);
421 ps = NULL; /* shut up gcc */
422 for_each_sg(sg, s, nents, i) {
423 dma_addr_t addr = sg_phys(s);
425 s->dma_address = addr;
426 BUG_ON(s->length == 0);
428 nextneed = need_iommu(dev, addr, s->length);
430 /* Handle the previous not yet processed entries */
433 * Can only merge when the last chunk ends on a
434 * page boundary and the new one doesn't have an
437 if (!iommu_merge || !nextneed || !need || s->offset ||
438 (s->length + seg_size > max_seg_size) ||
439 (ps->offset + ps->length) % PAGE_SIZE) {
440 if (dma_map_cont(dev, start_sg, i - start,
441 sgmap, pages, need) < 0)
445 sgmap = sg_next(sgmap);
452 seg_size += s->length;
454 pages += iommu_num_pages(s->offset, s->length, PAGE_SIZE);
457 if (dma_map_cont(dev, start_sg, i - start, sgmap, pages, need) < 0)
462 sgmap = sg_next(sgmap);
463 sgmap->dma_length = 0;
469 gart_unmap_sg(dev, sg, out, dir);
471 /* When it was forced or merged try again in a dumb way */
472 if (force_iommu || iommu_merge) {
473 out = dma_map_sg_nonforce(dev, sg, nents, dir);
477 if (panic_on_overflow)
478 panic("dma_map_sg: overflow on %lu pages\n", pages);
480 iommu_full(dev, pages << PAGE_SHIFT, dir);
481 for_each_sg(sg, s, nents, i)
482 s->dma_address = bad_dma_address;
486 /* allocate and map a coherent mapping */
488 gart_alloc_coherent(struct device *dev, size_t size, dma_addr_t *dma_addr,
492 unsigned long align_mask;
495 if (force_iommu && !(flag & GFP_DMA)) {
496 flag &= ~(__GFP_DMA | __GFP_HIGHMEM | __GFP_DMA32);
497 page = alloc_pages(flag | __GFP_ZERO, get_order(size));
501 align_mask = (1UL << get_order(size)) - 1;
502 paddr = dma_map_area(dev, page_to_phys(page), size,
503 DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL, align_mask);
506 if (paddr != bad_dma_address) {
508 return page_address(page);
510 __free_pages(page, get_order(size));
512 return dma_generic_alloc_coherent(dev, size, dma_addr, flag);
517 /* free a coherent mapping */
519 gart_free_coherent(struct device *dev, size_t size, void *vaddr,
522 gart_unmap_single(dev, dma_addr, size, DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL);
523 free_pages((unsigned long)vaddr, get_order(size));
528 static __init unsigned long check_iommu_size(unsigned long aper, u64 aper_size)
533 iommu_size = aper_size;
538 a = aper + iommu_size;
539 iommu_size -= round_up(a, PMD_PAGE_SIZE) - a;
541 if (iommu_size < 64*1024*1024) {
543 "PCI-DMA: Warning: Small IOMMU %luMB."
544 " Consider increasing the AGP aperture in BIOS\n",
551 static __init unsigned read_aperture(struct pci_dev *dev, u32 *size)
553 unsigned aper_size = 0, aper_base_32, aper_order;
556 pci_read_config_dword(dev, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE, &aper_base_32);
557 pci_read_config_dword(dev, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, &aper_order);
558 aper_order = (aper_order >> 1) & 7;
560 aper_base = aper_base_32 & 0x7fff;
563 aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
564 if (aper_base + aper_size > 0x100000000UL || !aper_size)
571 static void enable_gart_translations(void)
575 for (i = 0; i < num_k8_northbridges; i++) {
576 struct pci_dev *dev = k8_northbridges[i];
578 enable_gart_translation(dev, __pa(agp_gatt_table));
583 * If fix_up_north_bridges is set, the north bridges have to be fixed up on
584 * resume in the same way as they are handled in gart_iommu_hole_init().
586 static bool fix_up_north_bridges;
587 static u32 aperture_order;
588 static u32 aperture_alloc;
590 void set_up_gart_resume(u32 aper_order, u32 aper_alloc)
592 fix_up_north_bridges = true;
593 aperture_order = aper_order;
594 aperture_alloc = aper_alloc;
597 static int gart_resume(struct sys_device *dev)
599 printk(KERN_INFO "PCI-DMA: Resuming GART IOMMU\n");
601 if (fix_up_north_bridges) {
604 printk(KERN_INFO "PCI-DMA: Restoring GART aperture settings\n");
606 for (i = 0; i < num_k8_northbridges; i++) {
607 struct pci_dev *dev = k8_northbridges[i];
610 * Don't enable translations just yet. That is the next
611 * step. Restore the pre-suspend aperture settings.
613 pci_write_config_dword(dev, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL,
614 aperture_order << 1);
615 pci_write_config_dword(dev, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE,
616 aperture_alloc >> 25);
620 enable_gart_translations();
625 static int gart_suspend(struct sys_device *dev, pm_message_t state)
630 static struct sysdev_class gart_sysdev_class = {
632 .suspend = gart_suspend,
633 .resume = gart_resume,
637 static struct sys_device device_gart = {
639 .cls = &gart_sysdev_class,
643 * Private Northbridge GATT initialization in case we cannot use the
644 * AGP driver for some reason.
646 static __init int init_k8_gatt(struct agp_kern_info *info)
648 unsigned aper_size, gatt_size, new_aper_size;
649 unsigned aper_base, new_aper_base;
654 printk(KERN_INFO "PCI-DMA: Disabling AGP.\n");
655 aper_size = aper_base = info->aper_size = 0;
657 for (i = 0; i < num_k8_northbridges; i++) {
658 dev = k8_northbridges[i];
659 new_aper_base = read_aperture(dev, &new_aper_size);
664 aper_size = new_aper_size;
665 aper_base = new_aper_base;
667 if (aper_size != new_aper_size || aper_base != new_aper_base)
672 info->aper_base = aper_base;
673 info->aper_size = aper_size >> 20;
675 gatt_size = (aper_size >> PAGE_SHIFT) * sizeof(u32);
676 gatt = (void *)__get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
677 get_order(gatt_size));
679 panic("Cannot allocate GATT table");
680 if (set_memory_uc((unsigned long)gatt, gatt_size >> PAGE_SHIFT))
681 panic("Could not set GART PTEs to uncacheable pages");
683 agp_gatt_table = gatt;
685 enable_gart_translations();
687 error = sysdev_class_register(&gart_sysdev_class);
689 error = sysdev_register(&device_gart);
691 panic("Could not register gart_sysdev -- "
692 "would corrupt data on next suspend");
696 printk(KERN_INFO "PCI-DMA: aperture base @ %x size %u KB\n",
697 aper_base, aper_size>>10);
702 /* Should not happen anymore */
703 printk(KERN_WARNING "PCI-DMA: More than 4GB of RAM and no IOMMU\n"
704 KERN_WARNING "falling back to iommu=soft.\n");
708 static struct dma_mapping_ops gart_dma_ops = {
709 .map_single = gart_map_single,
710 .unmap_single = gart_unmap_single,
711 .map_sg = gart_map_sg,
712 .unmap_sg = gart_unmap_sg,
713 .alloc_coherent = gart_alloc_coherent,
714 .free_coherent = gart_free_coherent,
717 void gart_iommu_shutdown(void)
722 if (no_agp && (dma_ops != &gart_dma_ops))
725 for (i = 0; i < num_k8_northbridges; i++) {
728 dev = k8_northbridges[i];
729 pci_read_config_dword(dev, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, &ctl);
733 pci_write_config_dword(dev, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
737 void __init gart_iommu_init(void)
739 struct agp_kern_info info;
740 unsigned long iommu_start;
741 unsigned long aper_base, aper_size;
742 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
743 unsigned long scratch;
746 if (cache_k8_northbridges() < 0 || num_k8_northbridges == 0) {
747 printk(KERN_INFO "PCI-GART: No AMD northbridge found.\n");
751 #ifndef CONFIG_AGP_AMD64
754 /* Makefile puts PCI initialization via subsys_initcall first. */
755 /* Add other K8 AGP bridge drivers here */
757 (agp_amd64_init() < 0) ||
758 (agp_copy_info(agp_bridge, &info) < 0);
764 /* Did we detect a different HW IOMMU? */
765 if (iommu_detected && !gart_iommu_aperture)
769 (!force_iommu && max_pfn <= MAX_DMA32_PFN) ||
770 !gart_iommu_aperture ||
771 (no_agp && init_k8_gatt(&info) < 0)) {
772 if (max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN) {
773 printk(KERN_WARNING "More than 4GB of memory "
774 "but GART IOMMU not available.\n");
775 printk(KERN_WARNING "falling back to iommu=soft.\n");
780 /* need to map that range */
781 aper_size = info.aper_size << 20;
782 aper_base = info.aper_base;
783 end_pfn = (aper_base>>PAGE_SHIFT) + (aper_size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
784 if (end_pfn > max_low_pfn_mapped) {
785 start_pfn = (aper_base>>PAGE_SHIFT);
786 init_memory_mapping(start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT, end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
789 printk(KERN_INFO "PCI-DMA: using GART IOMMU.\n");
790 iommu_size = check_iommu_size(info.aper_base, aper_size);
791 iommu_pages = iommu_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
793 iommu_gart_bitmap = (void *) __get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
794 get_order(iommu_pages/8));
795 if (!iommu_gart_bitmap)
796 panic("Cannot allocate iommu bitmap\n");
798 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_LEAK
800 iommu_leak_tab = (void *)__get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO,
801 get_order(iommu_pages*sizeof(void *)));
804 "PCI-DMA: Cannot allocate leak trace area\n");
809 * Out of IOMMU space handling.
810 * Reserve some invalid pages at the beginning of the GART.
812 iommu_area_reserve(iommu_gart_bitmap, 0, EMERGENCY_PAGES);
814 agp_memory_reserved = iommu_size;
816 "PCI-DMA: Reserving %luMB of IOMMU area in the AGP aperture\n",
819 iommu_start = aper_size - iommu_size;
820 iommu_bus_base = info.aper_base + iommu_start;
821 bad_dma_address = iommu_bus_base;
822 iommu_gatt_base = agp_gatt_table + (iommu_start>>PAGE_SHIFT);
825 * Unmap the IOMMU part of the GART. The alias of the page is
826 * always mapped with cache enabled and there is no full cache
827 * coherency across the GART remapping. The unmapping avoids
828 * automatic prefetches from the CPU allocating cache lines in
829 * there. All CPU accesses are done via the direct mapping to
830 * the backing memory. The GART address is only used by PCI
833 set_memory_np((unsigned long)__va(iommu_bus_base),
834 iommu_size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
836 * Tricky. The GART table remaps the physical memory range,
837 * so the CPU wont notice potential aliases and if the memory
838 * is remapped to UC later on, we might surprise the PCI devices
839 * with a stray writeout of a cacheline. So play it sure and
840 * do an explicit, full-scale wbinvd() _after_ having marked all
841 * the pages as Not-Present:
846 * Try to workaround a bug (thanks to BenH):
847 * Set unmapped entries to a scratch page instead of 0.
848 * Any prefetches that hit unmapped entries won't get an bus abort
849 * then. (P2P bridge may be prefetching on DMA reads).
851 scratch = get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
853 panic("Cannot allocate iommu scratch page");
854 gart_unmapped_entry = GPTE_ENCODE(__pa(scratch));
855 for (i = EMERGENCY_PAGES; i < iommu_pages; i++)
856 iommu_gatt_base[i] = gart_unmapped_entry;
859 dma_ops = &gart_dma_ops;
862 void __init gart_parse_options(char *p)
866 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_LEAK
867 if (!strncmp(p, "leak", 4)) {
872 if (isdigit(*p) && get_option(&p, &arg))
873 iommu_leak_pages = arg;
876 if (isdigit(*p) && get_option(&p, &arg))
878 if (!strncmp(p, "fullflush", 8))
880 if (!strncmp(p, "nofullflush", 11))
882 if (!strncmp(p, "noagp", 5))
884 if (!strncmp(p, "noaperture", 10))
886 /* duplicated from pci-dma.c */
887 if (!strncmp(p, "force", 5))
888 gart_iommu_aperture_allowed = 1;
889 if (!strncmp(p, "allowed", 7))
890 gart_iommu_aperture_allowed = 1;
891 if (!strncmp(p, "memaper", 7)) {
892 fallback_aper_force = 1;
896 if (get_option(&p, &arg))
897 fallback_aper_order = arg;