4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
8 * 'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call
9 * (see also entry.S and others).
10 * Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory
11 * management can be a bitch. See 'mm/memory.c': 'copy_page_range()'
14 #include <linux/config.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/unistd.h>
18 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
21 #include <linux/completion.h>
22 #include <linux/namespace.h>
23 #include <linux/personality.h>
24 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
25 #include <linux/sem.h>
26 #include <linux/file.h>
27 #include <linux/key.h>
28 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
29 #include <linux/mman.h>
31 #include <linux/capability.h>
32 #include <linux/cpu.h>
33 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
34 #include <linux/security.h>
35 #include <linux/swap.h>
36 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
37 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
38 #include <linux/futex.h>
39 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
40 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
41 #include <linux/mount.h>
42 #include <linux/audit.h>
43 #include <linux/profile.h>
44 #include <linux/rmap.h>
45 #include <linux/acct.h>
46 #include <linux/cn_proc.h>
48 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
49 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
50 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
51 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
52 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
53 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
56 * Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock)
58 unsigned long total_forks; /* Handle normal Linux uptimes. */
59 int nr_threads; /* The idle threads do not count.. */
61 int max_threads; /* tunable limit on nr_threads */
63 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, process_counts) = 0;
65 __cacheline_aligned DEFINE_RWLOCK(tasklist_lock); /* outer */
67 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tasklist_lock);
69 int nr_processes(void)
74 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
75 total += per_cpu(process_counts, cpu);
80 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
81 # define alloc_task_struct() kmem_cache_alloc(task_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL)
82 # define free_task_struct(tsk) kmem_cache_free(task_struct_cachep, (tsk))
83 static kmem_cache_t *task_struct_cachep;
86 /* SLAB cache for signal_struct structures (tsk->signal) */
87 kmem_cache_t *signal_cachep;
89 /* SLAB cache for sighand_struct structures (tsk->sighand) */
90 kmem_cache_t *sighand_cachep;
92 /* SLAB cache for files_struct structures (tsk->files) */
93 kmem_cache_t *files_cachep;
95 /* SLAB cache for fs_struct structures (tsk->fs) */
96 kmem_cache_t *fs_cachep;
98 /* SLAB cache for vm_area_struct structures */
99 kmem_cache_t *vm_area_cachep;
101 /* SLAB cache for mm_struct structures (tsk->mm) */
102 static kmem_cache_t *mm_cachep;
104 void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk)
106 free_thread_info(tsk->thread_info);
107 free_task_struct(tsk);
109 EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_task);
111 void __put_task_struct_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
113 struct task_struct *tsk = container_of(rhp, struct task_struct, rcu);
115 WARN_ON(!(tsk->exit_state & (EXIT_DEAD | EXIT_ZOMBIE)));
116 WARN_ON(atomic_read(&tsk->usage));
117 WARN_ON(tsk == current);
119 if (unlikely(tsk->audit_context))
121 security_task_free(tsk);
123 put_group_info(tsk->group_info);
125 if (!profile_handoff_task(tsk))
129 void __init fork_init(unsigned long mempages)
131 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
132 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN
133 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN L1_CACHE_BYTES
135 /* create a slab on which task_structs can be allocated */
137 kmem_cache_create("task_struct", sizeof(struct task_struct),
138 ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
142 * The default maximum number of threads is set to a safe
143 * value: the thread structures can take up at most half
146 max_threads = mempages / (8 * THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
149 * we need to allow at least 20 threads to boot a system
154 init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = max_threads/2;
155 init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = max_threads/2;
156 init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] =
157 init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC];
160 static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig)
162 struct task_struct *tsk;
163 struct thread_info *ti;
165 prepare_to_copy(orig);
167 tsk = alloc_task_struct();
171 ti = alloc_thread_info(tsk);
173 free_task_struct(tsk);
178 tsk->thread_info = ti;
179 setup_thread_stack(tsk, orig);
181 /* One for us, one for whoever does the "release_task()" (usually parent) */
182 atomic_set(&tsk->usage,2);
183 atomic_set(&tsk->fs_excl, 0);
188 static inline int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
190 struct vm_area_struct *mpnt, *tmp, **pprev;
191 struct rb_node **rb_link, *rb_parent;
193 unsigned long charge;
194 struct mempolicy *pol;
196 down_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
197 flush_cache_mm(oldmm);
198 down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
202 mm->mmap_cache = NULL;
203 mm->free_area_cache = oldmm->mmap_base;
204 mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
206 cpus_clear(mm->cpu_vm_mask);
208 rb_link = &mm->mm_rb.rb_node;
212 for (mpnt = oldmm->mmap; mpnt; mpnt = mpnt->vm_next) {
215 if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_DONTCOPY) {
216 long pages = vma_pages(mpnt);
217 mm->total_vm -= pages;
218 vm_stat_account(mm, mpnt->vm_flags, mpnt->vm_file,
223 if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_ACCOUNT) {
224 unsigned int len = (mpnt->vm_end - mpnt->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
225 if (security_vm_enough_memory(len))
229 tmp = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, SLAB_KERNEL);
233 pol = mpol_copy(vma_policy(mpnt));
234 retval = PTR_ERR(pol);
236 goto fail_nomem_policy;
237 vma_set_policy(tmp, pol);
238 tmp->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCKED;
244 struct inode *inode = file->f_dentry->d_inode;
246 if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_DENYWRITE)
247 atomic_dec(&inode->i_writecount);
249 /* insert tmp into the share list, just after mpnt */
250 spin_lock(&file->f_mapping->i_mmap_lock);
251 tmp->vm_truncate_count = mpnt->vm_truncate_count;
252 flush_dcache_mmap_lock(file->f_mapping);
253 vma_prio_tree_add(tmp, mpnt);
254 flush_dcache_mmap_unlock(file->f_mapping);
255 spin_unlock(&file->f_mapping->i_mmap_lock);
259 * Link in the new vma and copy the page table entries.
262 pprev = &tmp->vm_next;
264 __vma_link_rb(mm, tmp, rb_link, rb_parent);
265 rb_link = &tmp->vm_rb.rb_right;
266 rb_parent = &tmp->vm_rb;
269 retval = copy_page_range(mm, oldmm, mpnt);
271 if (tmp->vm_ops && tmp->vm_ops->open)
272 tmp->vm_ops->open(tmp);
279 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
281 up_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
284 kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, tmp);
287 vm_unacct_memory(charge);
291 static inline int mm_alloc_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
293 mm->pgd = pgd_alloc(mm);
294 if (unlikely(!mm->pgd))
299 static inline void mm_free_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
304 #define dup_mmap(mm, oldmm) (0)
305 #define mm_alloc_pgd(mm) (0)
306 #define mm_free_pgd(mm)
307 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
309 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mmlist_lock);
311 #define allocate_mm() (kmem_cache_alloc(mm_cachep, SLAB_KERNEL))
312 #define free_mm(mm) (kmem_cache_free(mm_cachep, (mm)))
314 #include <linux/init_task.h>
316 static struct mm_struct * mm_init(struct mm_struct * mm)
318 atomic_set(&mm->mm_users, 1);
319 atomic_set(&mm->mm_count, 1);
320 init_rwsem(&mm->mmap_sem);
321 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->mmlist);
322 mm->core_waiters = 0;
324 set_mm_counter(mm, file_rss, 0);
325 set_mm_counter(mm, anon_rss, 0);
326 spin_lock_init(&mm->page_table_lock);
327 rwlock_init(&mm->ioctx_list_lock);
328 mm->ioctx_list = NULL;
329 mm->free_area_cache = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
330 mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
332 if (likely(!mm_alloc_pgd(mm))) {
341 * Allocate and initialize an mm_struct.
343 struct mm_struct * mm_alloc(void)
345 struct mm_struct * mm;
349 memset(mm, 0, sizeof(*mm));
356 * Called when the last reference to the mm
357 * is dropped: either by a lazy thread or by
358 * mmput. Free the page directory and the mm.
360 void fastcall __mmdrop(struct mm_struct *mm)
362 BUG_ON(mm == &init_mm);
369 * Decrement the use count and release all resources for an mm.
371 void mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
373 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
376 if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
377 spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
378 list_del(&mm->mmlist);
379 spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
385 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput);
388 * get_task_mm - acquire a reference to the task's mm
390 * Returns %NULL if the task has no mm. Checks PF_BORROWED_MM (meaning
391 * this kernel workthread has transiently adopted a user mm with use_mm,
392 * to do its AIO) is not set and if so returns a reference to it, after
393 * bumping up the use count. User must release the mm via mmput()
394 * after use. Typically used by /proc and ptrace.
396 struct mm_struct *get_task_mm(struct task_struct *task)
398 struct mm_struct *mm;
403 if (task->flags & PF_BORROWED_MM)
406 atomic_inc(&mm->mm_users);
411 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_task_mm);
413 /* Please note the differences between mmput and mm_release.
414 * mmput is called whenever we stop holding onto a mm_struct,
415 * error success whatever.
417 * mm_release is called after a mm_struct has been removed
418 * from the current process.
420 * This difference is important for error handling, when we
421 * only half set up a mm_struct for a new process and need to restore
422 * the old one. Because we mmput the new mm_struct before
423 * restoring the old one. . .
424 * Eric Biederman 10 January 1998
426 void mm_release(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
428 struct completion *vfork_done = tsk->vfork_done;
430 /* Get rid of any cached register state */
431 deactivate_mm(tsk, mm);
433 /* notify parent sleeping on vfork() */
435 tsk->vfork_done = NULL;
436 complete(vfork_done);
438 if (tsk->clear_child_tid && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1) {
439 u32 __user * tidptr = tsk->clear_child_tid;
440 tsk->clear_child_tid = NULL;
443 * We don't check the error code - if userspace has
444 * not set up a proper pointer then tough luck.
447 sys_futex(tidptr, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);
452 * Allocate a new mm structure and copy contents from the
453 * mm structure of the passed in task structure.
455 static struct mm_struct *dup_mm(struct task_struct *tsk)
457 struct mm_struct *mm, *oldmm = current->mm;
467 memcpy(mm, oldmm, sizeof(*mm));
472 if (init_new_context(tsk, mm))
475 err = dup_mmap(mm, oldmm);
479 mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
480 mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
492 * If init_new_context() failed, we cannot use mmput() to free the mm
493 * because it calls destroy_context()
500 static int copy_mm(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
502 struct mm_struct * mm, *oldmm;
505 tsk->min_flt = tsk->maj_flt = 0;
506 tsk->nvcsw = tsk->nivcsw = 0;
509 tsk->active_mm = NULL;
512 * Are we cloning a kernel thread?
514 * We need to steal a active VM for that..
520 if (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) {
521 atomic_inc(&oldmm->mm_users);
540 static inline struct fs_struct *__copy_fs_struct(struct fs_struct *old)
542 struct fs_struct *fs = kmem_cache_alloc(fs_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
543 /* We don't need to lock fs - think why ;-) */
545 atomic_set(&fs->count, 1);
546 rwlock_init(&fs->lock);
547 fs->umask = old->umask;
548 read_lock(&old->lock);
549 fs->rootmnt = mntget(old->rootmnt);
550 fs->root = dget(old->root);
551 fs->pwdmnt = mntget(old->pwdmnt);
552 fs->pwd = dget(old->pwd);
554 fs->altrootmnt = mntget(old->altrootmnt);
555 fs->altroot = dget(old->altroot);
557 fs->altrootmnt = NULL;
560 read_unlock(&old->lock);
565 struct fs_struct *copy_fs_struct(struct fs_struct *old)
567 return __copy_fs_struct(old);
570 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(copy_fs_struct);
572 static inline int copy_fs(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
574 if (clone_flags & CLONE_FS) {
575 atomic_inc(¤t->fs->count);
578 tsk->fs = __copy_fs_struct(current->fs);
584 static int count_open_files(struct fdtable *fdt)
586 int size = fdt->max_fdset;
589 /* Find the last open fd */
590 for (i = size/(8*sizeof(long)); i > 0; ) {
591 if (fdt->open_fds->fds_bits[--i])
594 i = (i+1) * 8 * sizeof(long);
598 static struct files_struct *alloc_files(void)
600 struct files_struct *newf;
603 newf = kmem_cache_alloc(files_cachep, SLAB_KERNEL);
607 atomic_set(&newf->count, 1);
609 spin_lock_init(&newf->file_lock);
612 fdt->max_fds = NR_OPEN_DEFAULT;
613 fdt->max_fdset = __FD_SETSIZE;
614 fdt->close_on_exec = &newf->close_on_exec_init;
615 fdt->open_fds = &newf->open_fds_init;
616 fdt->fd = &newf->fd_array[0];
617 INIT_RCU_HEAD(&fdt->rcu);
618 fdt->free_files = NULL;
620 rcu_assign_pointer(newf->fdt, fdt);
626 * Allocate a new files structure and copy contents from the
627 * passed in files structure.
629 static struct files_struct *dup_fd(struct files_struct *oldf, int *errorp)
631 struct files_struct *newf;
632 struct file **old_fds, **new_fds;
633 int open_files, size, i, expand;
634 struct fdtable *old_fdt, *new_fdt;
636 newf = alloc_files();
640 spin_lock(&oldf->file_lock);
641 old_fdt = files_fdtable(oldf);
642 new_fdt = files_fdtable(newf);
643 size = old_fdt->max_fdset;
644 open_files = count_open_files(old_fdt);
648 * Check whether we need to allocate a larger fd array or fd set.
649 * Note: we're not a clone task, so the open count won't change.
651 if (open_files > new_fdt->max_fdset) {
652 new_fdt->max_fdset = 0;
655 if (open_files > new_fdt->max_fds) {
656 new_fdt->max_fds = 0;
660 /* if the old fdset gets grown now, we'll only copy up to "size" fds */
662 spin_unlock(&oldf->file_lock);
663 spin_lock(&newf->file_lock);
664 *errorp = expand_files(newf, open_files-1);
665 spin_unlock(&newf->file_lock);
668 new_fdt = files_fdtable(newf);
670 * Reacquire the oldf lock and a pointer to its fd table
671 * who knows it may have a new bigger fd table. We need
672 * the latest pointer.
674 spin_lock(&oldf->file_lock);
675 old_fdt = files_fdtable(oldf);
678 old_fds = old_fdt->fd;
679 new_fds = new_fdt->fd;
681 memcpy(new_fdt->open_fds->fds_bits, old_fdt->open_fds->fds_bits, open_files/8);
682 memcpy(new_fdt->close_on_exec->fds_bits, old_fdt->close_on_exec->fds_bits, open_files/8);
684 for (i = open_files; i != 0; i--) {
685 struct file *f = *old_fds++;
690 * The fd may be claimed in the fd bitmap but not yet
691 * instantiated in the files array if a sibling thread
692 * is partway through open(). So make sure that this
693 * fd is available to the new process.
695 FD_CLR(open_files - i, new_fdt->open_fds);
697 rcu_assign_pointer(*new_fds++, f);
699 spin_unlock(&oldf->file_lock);
701 /* compute the remainder to be cleared */
702 size = (new_fdt->max_fds - open_files) * sizeof(struct file *);
704 /* This is long word aligned thus could use a optimized version */
705 memset(new_fds, 0, size);
707 if (new_fdt->max_fdset > open_files) {
708 int left = (new_fdt->max_fdset-open_files)/8;
709 int start = open_files / (8 * sizeof(unsigned long));
711 memset(&new_fdt->open_fds->fds_bits[start], 0, left);
712 memset(&new_fdt->close_on_exec->fds_bits[start], 0, left);
719 free_fdset (new_fdt->close_on_exec, new_fdt->max_fdset);
720 free_fdset (new_fdt->open_fds, new_fdt->max_fdset);
721 free_fd_array(new_fdt->fd, new_fdt->max_fds);
722 kmem_cache_free(files_cachep, newf);
726 static int copy_files(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
728 struct files_struct *oldf, *newf;
732 * A background process may not have any files ...
734 oldf = current->files;
738 if (clone_flags & CLONE_FILES) {
739 atomic_inc(&oldf->count);
744 * Note: we may be using current for both targets (See exec.c)
745 * This works because we cache current->files (old) as oldf. Don't
750 newf = dup_fd(oldf, &error);
761 * Helper to unshare the files of the current task.
762 * We don't want to expose copy_files internals to
763 * the exec layer of the kernel.
766 int unshare_files(void)
768 struct files_struct *files = current->files;
774 /* This can race but the race causes us to copy when we don't
775 need to and drop the copy */
776 if(atomic_read(&files->count) == 1)
778 atomic_inc(&files->count);
781 rc = copy_files(0, current);
783 current->files = files;
787 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unshare_files);
789 void sighand_free_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
791 struct sighand_struct *sp;
793 sp = container_of(rhp, struct sighand_struct, rcu);
794 kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, sp);
797 static inline int copy_sighand(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
799 struct sighand_struct *sig;
801 if (clone_flags & (CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_THREAD)) {
802 atomic_inc(¤t->sighand->count);
805 sig = kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
806 rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->sighand, sig);
809 spin_lock_init(&sig->siglock);
810 atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
811 memcpy(sig->action, current->sighand->action, sizeof(sig->action));
815 static inline int copy_signal(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
817 struct signal_struct *sig;
820 if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
821 atomic_inc(¤t->signal->count);
822 atomic_inc(¤t->signal->live);
825 sig = kmem_cache_alloc(signal_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
830 ret = copy_thread_group_keys(tsk);
832 kmem_cache_free(signal_cachep, sig);
836 atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
837 atomic_set(&sig->live, 1);
838 init_waitqueue_head(&sig->wait_chldexit);
840 sig->group_exit_code = 0;
841 sig->group_exit_task = NULL;
842 sig->group_stop_count = 0;
843 sig->curr_target = NULL;
844 init_sigpending(&sig->shared_pending);
845 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->posix_timers);
847 hrtimer_init(&sig->real_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_REL);
848 sig->it_real_incr.tv64 = 0;
849 sig->real_timer.function = it_real_fn;
850 sig->real_timer.data = tsk;
852 sig->it_virt_expires = cputime_zero;
853 sig->it_virt_incr = cputime_zero;
854 sig->it_prof_expires = cputime_zero;
855 sig->it_prof_incr = cputime_zero;
857 sig->leader = 0; /* session leadership doesn't inherit */
858 sig->tty_old_pgrp = 0;
860 sig->utime = sig->stime = sig->cutime = sig->cstime = cputime_zero;
861 sig->nvcsw = sig->nivcsw = sig->cnvcsw = sig->cnivcsw = 0;
862 sig->min_flt = sig->maj_flt = sig->cmin_flt = sig->cmaj_flt = 0;
864 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[0]);
865 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[1]);
866 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[2]);
868 task_lock(current->group_leader);
869 memcpy(sig->rlim, current->signal->rlim, sizeof sig->rlim);
870 task_unlock(current->group_leader);
872 if (sig->rlim[RLIMIT_CPU].rlim_cur != RLIM_INFINITY) {
874 * New sole thread in the process gets an expiry time
875 * of the whole CPU time limit.
877 tsk->it_prof_expires =
878 secs_to_cputime(sig->rlim[RLIMIT_CPU].rlim_cur);
884 static inline void copy_flags(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
886 unsigned long new_flags = p->flags;
888 new_flags &= ~(PF_SUPERPRIV | PF_NOFREEZE);
889 new_flags |= PF_FORKNOEXEC;
890 if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_PTRACE))
892 p->flags = new_flags;
895 asmlinkage long sys_set_tid_address(int __user *tidptr)
897 current->clear_child_tid = tidptr;
903 * This creates a new process as a copy of the old one,
904 * but does not actually start it yet.
906 * It copies the registers, and all the appropriate
907 * parts of the process environment (as per the clone
908 * flags). The actual kick-off is left to the caller.
910 static task_t *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
911 unsigned long stack_start,
912 struct pt_regs *regs,
913 unsigned long stack_size,
914 int __user *parent_tidptr,
915 int __user *child_tidptr,
919 struct task_struct *p = NULL;
921 if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS))
922 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
925 * Thread groups must share signals as well, and detached threads
926 * can only be started up within the thread group.
928 if ((clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND))
929 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
932 * Shared signal handlers imply shared VM. By way of the above,
933 * thread groups also imply shared VM. Blocking this case allows
934 * for various simplifications in other code.
936 if ((clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM))
937 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
939 retval = security_task_create(clone_flags);
944 p = dup_task_struct(current);
949 if (atomic_read(&p->user->processes) >=
950 p->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur) {
951 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) &&
952 p->user != &root_user)
956 atomic_inc(&p->user->__count);
957 atomic_inc(&p->user->processes);
958 get_group_info(p->group_info);
961 * If multiple threads are within copy_process(), then this check
962 * triggers too late. This doesn't hurt, the check is only there
963 * to stop root fork bombs.
965 if (nr_threads >= max_threads)
966 goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
968 if (!try_module_get(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module))
969 goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
971 if (p->binfmt && !try_module_get(p->binfmt->module))
972 goto bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain;
975 copy_flags(clone_flags, p);
978 if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
979 if (put_user(p->pid, parent_tidptr))
980 goto bad_fork_cleanup;
982 p->proc_dentry = NULL;
984 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->children);
985 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->sibling);
986 p->vfork_done = NULL;
987 spin_lock_init(&p->alloc_lock);
988 spin_lock_init(&p->proc_lock);
990 clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
991 init_sigpending(&p->pending);
993 p->utime = cputime_zero;
994 p->stime = cputime_zero;
996 p->rchar = 0; /* I/O counter: bytes read */
997 p->wchar = 0; /* I/O counter: bytes written */
998 p->syscr = 0; /* I/O counter: read syscalls */
999 p->syscw = 0; /* I/O counter: write syscalls */
1000 acct_clear_integrals(p);
1002 p->it_virt_expires = cputime_zero;
1003 p->it_prof_expires = cputime_zero;
1004 p->it_sched_expires = 0;
1005 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->cpu_timers[0]);
1006 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->cpu_timers[1]);
1007 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->cpu_timers[2]);
1009 p->lock_depth = -1; /* -1 = no lock */
1010 do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime(&p->start_time);
1012 p->io_context = NULL;
1014 p->audit_context = NULL;
1017 p->mempolicy = mpol_copy(p->mempolicy);
1018 if (IS_ERR(p->mempolicy)) {
1019 retval = PTR_ERR(p->mempolicy);
1020 p->mempolicy = NULL;
1021 goto bad_fork_cleanup_cpuset;
1025 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
1026 p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
1030 if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1031 p->tgid = current->tgid;
1033 if ((retval = security_task_alloc(p)))
1034 goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
1035 if ((retval = audit_alloc(p)))
1036 goto bad_fork_cleanup_security;
1037 /* copy all the process information */
1038 if ((retval = copy_semundo(clone_flags, p)))
1039 goto bad_fork_cleanup_audit;
1040 if ((retval = copy_files(clone_flags, p)))
1041 goto bad_fork_cleanup_semundo;
1042 if ((retval = copy_fs(clone_flags, p)))
1043 goto bad_fork_cleanup_files;
1044 if ((retval = copy_sighand(clone_flags, p)))
1045 goto bad_fork_cleanup_fs;
1046 if ((retval = copy_signal(clone_flags, p)))
1047 goto bad_fork_cleanup_sighand;
1048 if ((retval = copy_mm(clone_flags, p)))
1049 goto bad_fork_cleanup_signal;
1050 if ((retval = copy_keys(clone_flags, p)))
1051 goto bad_fork_cleanup_mm;
1052 if ((retval = copy_namespace(clone_flags, p)))
1053 goto bad_fork_cleanup_keys;
1054 retval = copy_thread(0, clone_flags, stack_start, stack_size, p, regs);
1056 goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespace;
1058 p->set_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_SETTID) ? child_tidptr : NULL;
1060 * Clear TID on mm_release()?
1062 p->clear_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID) ? child_tidptr: NULL;
1065 * Syscall tracing should be turned off in the child regardless
1068 clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);
1069 #ifdef TIF_SYSCALL_EMU
1070 clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
1073 /* Our parent execution domain becomes current domain
1074 These must match for thread signalling to apply */
1076 p->parent_exec_id = p->self_exec_id;
1078 /* ok, now we should be set up.. */
1079 p->exit_signal = (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) ? -1 : (clone_flags & CSIGNAL);
1080 p->pdeath_signal = 0;
1084 * Ok, make it visible to the rest of the system.
1085 * We dont wake it up yet.
1087 p->group_leader = p;
1088 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->ptrace_children);
1089 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->ptrace_list);
1091 /* Perform scheduler related setup. Assign this task to a CPU. */
1092 sched_fork(p, clone_flags);
1094 /* Need tasklist lock for parent etc handling! */
1095 write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1098 * The task hasn't been attached yet, so its cpus_allowed mask will
1099 * not be changed, nor will its assigned CPU.
1101 * The cpus_allowed mask of the parent may have changed after it was
1102 * copied first time - so re-copy it here, then check the child's CPU
1103 * to ensure it is on a valid CPU (and if not, just force it back to
1104 * parent's CPU). This avoids alot of nasty races.
1106 p->cpus_allowed = current->cpus_allowed;
1107 if (unlikely(!cpu_isset(task_cpu(p), p->cpus_allowed) ||
1108 !cpu_online(task_cpu(p))))
1109 set_task_cpu(p, smp_processor_id());
1112 * Check for pending SIGKILL! The new thread should not be allowed
1113 * to slip out of an OOM kill. (or normal SIGKILL.)
1115 if (sigismember(¤t->pending.signal, SIGKILL)) {
1116 write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1118 goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespace;
1121 /* CLONE_PARENT re-uses the old parent */
1122 if (clone_flags & (CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_THREAD))
1123 p->real_parent = current->real_parent;
1125 p->real_parent = current;
1126 p->parent = p->real_parent;
1128 spin_lock(¤t->sighand->siglock);
1129 if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
1131 * Important: if an exit-all has been started then
1132 * do not create this new thread - the whole thread
1133 * group is supposed to exit anyway.
1135 if (current->signal->flags & SIGNAL_GROUP_EXIT) {
1136 spin_unlock(¤t->sighand->siglock);
1137 write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1139 goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespace;
1141 p->group_leader = current->group_leader;
1143 if (current->signal->group_stop_count > 0) {
1145 * There is an all-stop in progress for the group.
1146 * We ourselves will stop as soon as we check signals.
1147 * Make the new thread part of that group stop too.
1149 current->signal->group_stop_count++;
1150 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1153 if (!cputime_eq(current->signal->it_virt_expires,
1155 !cputime_eq(current->signal->it_prof_expires,
1157 current->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_CPU].rlim_cur != RLIM_INFINITY ||
1158 !list_empty(¤t->signal->cpu_timers[0]) ||
1159 !list_empty(¤t->signal->cpu_timers[1]) ||
1160 !list_empty(¤t->signal->cpu_timers[2])) {
1162 * Have child wake up on its first tick to check
1163 * for process CPU timers.
1165 p->it_prof_expires = jiffies_to_cputime(1);
1172 p->ioprio = current->ioprio;
1175 if (unlikely(p->ptrace & PT_PTRACED))
1176 __ptrace_link(p, current->parent);
1178 if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
1179 p->signal->tty = current->signal->tty;
1180 p->signal->pgrp = process_group(current);
1181 p->signal->session = current->signal->session;
1182 attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, process_group(p));
1183 attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, p->signal->session);
1185 __get_cpu_var(process_counts)++;
1187 attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_TGID, p->tgid);
1188 attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, p->pid);
1192 spin_unlock(¤t->sighand->siglock);
1193 write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1194 proc_fork_connector(p);
1197 bad_fork_cleanup_namespace:
1199 bad_fork_cleanup_keys:
1201 bad_fork_cleanup_mm:
1204 bad_fork_cleanup_signal:
1206 bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:
1208 bad_fork_cleanup_fs:
1209 exit_fs(p); /* blocking */
1210 bad_fork_cleanup_files:
1211 exit_files(p); /* blocking */
1212 bad_fork_cleanup_semundo:
1214 bad_fork_cleanup_audit:
1216 bad_fork_cleanup_security:
1217 security_task_free(p);
1218 bad_fork_cleanup_policy:
1220 mpol_free(p->mempolicy);
1221 bad_fork_cleanup_cpuset:
1226 module_put(p->binfmt->module);
1227 bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain:
1228 module_put(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module);
1229 bad_fork_cleanup_count:
1230 put_group_info(p->group_info);
1231 atomic_dec(&p->user->processes);
1236 return ERR_PTR(retval);
1239 struct pt_regs * __devinit __attribute__((weak)) idle_regs(struct pt_regs *regs)
1241 memset(regs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
1245 task_t * __devinit fork_idle(int cpu)
1248 struct pt_regs regs;
1250 task = copy_process(CLONE_VM, 0, idle_regs(®s), 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
1252 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1253 init_idle(task, cpu);
1254 unhash_process(task);
1258 static inline int fork_traceflag (unsigned clone_flags)
1260 if (clone_flags & CLONE_UNTRACED)
1262 else if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1263 if (current->ptrace & PT_TRACE_VFORK)
1264 return PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK;
1265 } else if ((clone_flags & CSIGNAL) != SIGCHLD) {
1266 if (current->ptrace & PT_TRACE_CLONE)
1267 return PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE;
1268 } else if (current->ptrace & PT_TRACE_FORK)
1269 return PTRACE_EVENT_FORK;
1275 * Ok, this is the main fork-routine.
1277 * It copies the process, and if successful kick-starts
1278 * it and waits for it to finish using the VM if required.
1280 long do_fork(unsigned long clone_flags,
1281 unsigned long stack_start,
1282 struct pt_regs *regs,
1283 unsigned long stack_size,
1284 int __user *parent_tidptr,
1285 int __user *child_tidptr)
1287 struct task_struct *p;
1289 long pid = alloc_pidmap();
1293 if (unlikely(current->ptrace)) {
1294 trace = fork_traceflag (clone_flags);
1296 clone_flags |= CLONE_PTRACE;
1299 p = copy_process(clone_flags, stack_start, regs, stack_size, parent_tidptr, child_tidptr, pid);
1301 * Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
1302 * might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
1305 struct completion vfork;
1307 if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1308 p->vfork_done = &vfork;
1309 init_completion(&vfork);
1312 if ((p->ptrace & PT_PTRACED) || (clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1314 * We'll start up with an immediate SIGSTOP.
1316 sigaddset(&p->pending.signal, SIGSTOP);
1317 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1320 if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED))
1321 wake_up_new_task(p, clone_flags);
1323 p->state = TASK_STOPPED;
1325 if (unlikely (trace)) {
1326 current->ptrace_message = pid;
1327 ptrace_notify ((trace << 8) | SIGTRAP);
1330 if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1331 wait_for_completion(&vfork);
1332 if (unlikely (current->ptrace & PT_TRACE_VFORK_DONE))
1333 ptrace_notify ((PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE << 8) | SIGTRAP);
1342 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN
1343 #define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN 0
1346 void __init proc_caches_init(void)
1348 sighand_cachep = kmem_cache_create("sighand_cache",
1349 sizeof(struct sighand_struct), 0,
1350 SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1351 signal_cachep = kmem_cache_create("signal_cache",
1352 sizeof(struct signal_struct), 0,
1353 SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1354 files_cachep = kmem_cache_create("files_cache",
1355 sizeof(struct files_struct), 0,
1356 SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1357 fs_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fs_cache",
1358 sizeof(struct fs_struct), 0,
1359 SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1360 vm_area_cachep = kmem_cache_create("vm_area_struct",
1361 sizeof(struct vm_area_struct), 0,
1362 SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1363 mm_cachep = kmem_cache_create("mm_struct",
1364 sizeof(struct mm_struct), ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN,
1365 SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1370 * Check constraints on flags passed to the unshare system call and
1371 * force unsharing of additional process context as appropriate.
1373 static inline void check_unshare_flags(unsigned long *flags_ptr)
1376 * If unsharing a thread from a thread group, must also
1379 if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_THREAD)
1380 *flags_ptr |= CLONE_VM;
1383 * If unsharing vm, must also unshare signal handlers.
1385 if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_VM)
1386 *flags_ptr |= CLONE_SIGHAND;
1389 * If unsharing signal handlers and the task was created
1390 * using CLONE_THREAD, then must unshare the thread
1392 if ((*flags_ptr & CLONE_SIGHAND) &&
1393 (atomic_read(¤t->signal->count) > 1))
1394 *flags_ptr |= CLONE_THREAD;
1397 * If unsharing namespace, must also unshare filesystem information.
1399 if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_NEWNS)
1400 *flags_ptr |= CLONE_FS;
1404 * Unsharing of tasks created with CLONE_THREAD is not supported yet
1406 static int unshare_thread(unsigned long unshare_flags)
1408 if (unshare_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1415 * Unshare the filesystem structure if it is being shared
1417 static int unshare_fs(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct fs_struct **new_fsp)
1419 struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
1421 if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FS) &&
1422 (fs && atomic_read(&fs->count) > 1)) {
1423 *new_fsp = __copy_fs_struct(current->fs);
1432 * Unshare the namespace structure if it is being shared
1434 static int unshare_namespace(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct namespace **new_nsp, struct fs_struct *new_fs)
1436 struct namespace *ns = current->namespace;
1438 if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_NEWNS) &&
1439 (ns && atomic_read(&ns->count) > 1)) {
1440 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
1443 *new_nsp = dup_namespace(current, new_fs ? new_fs : current->fs);
1452 * Unsharing of sighand for tasks created with CLONE_SIGHAND is not
1455 static int unshare_sighand(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct sighand_struct **new_sighp)
1457 struct sighand_struct *sigh = current->sighand;
1459 if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) &&
1460 (sigh && atomic_read(&sigh->count) > 1))
1467 * Unshare vm if it is being shared
1469 static int unshare_vm(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct mm_struct **new_mmp)
1471 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
1473 if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_VM) &&
1474 (mm && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1)) {
1475 *new_mmp = dup_mm(current);
1484 * Unshare file descriptor table if it is being shared
1486 static int unshare_fd(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct files_struct **new_fdp)
1488 struct files_struct *fd = current->files;
1491 if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FILES) &&
1492 (fd && atomic_read(&fd->count) > 1)) {
1493 *new_fdp = dup_fd(fd, &error);
1502 * Unsharing of semundo for tasks created with CLONE_SYSVSEM is not
1505 static int unshare_semundo(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct sem_undo_list **new_ulistp)
1507 if (unshare_flags & CLONE_SYSVSEM)
1514 * unshare allows a process to 'unshare' part of the process
1515 * context which was originally shared using clone. copy_*
1516 * functions used by do_fork() cannot be used here directly
1517 * because they modify an inactive task_struct that is being
1518 * constructed. Here we are modifying the current, active,
1521 asmlinkage long sys_unshare(unsigned long unshare_flags)
1524 struct fs_struct *fs, *new_fs = NULL;
1525 struct namespace *ns, *new_ns = NULL;
1526 struct sighand_struct *sigh, *new_sigh = NULL;
1527 struct mm_struct *mm, *new_mm = NULL, *active_mm = NULL;
1528 struct files_struct *fd, *new_fd = NULL;
1529 struct sem_undo_list *new_ulist = NULL;
1531 check_unshare_flags(&unshare_flags);
1533 if ((err = unshare_thread(unshare_flags)))
1534 goto bad_unshare_out;
1535 if ((err = unshare_fs(unshare_flags, &new_fs)))
1536 goto bad_unshare_cleanup_thread;
1537 if ((err = unshare_namespace(unshare_flags, &new_ns, new_fs)))
1538 goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fs;
1539 if ((err = unshare_sighand(unshare_flags, &new_sigh)))
1540 goto bad_unshare_cleanup_ns;
1541 if ((err = unshare_vm(unshare_flags, &new_mm)))
1542 goto bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh;
1543 if ((err = unshare_fd(unshare_flags, &new_fd)))
1544 goto bad_unshare_cleanup_vm;
1545 if ((err = unshare_semundo(unshare_flags, &new_ulist)))
1546 goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fd;
1548 if (new_fs || new_ns || new_sigh || new_mm || new_fd || new_ulist) {
1554 current->fs = new_fs;
1559 ns = current->namespace;
1560 current->namespace = new_ns;
1565 sigh = current->sighand;
1566 current->sighand = new_sigh;
1572 active_mm = current->active_mm;
1573 current->mm = new_mm;
1574 current->active_mm = new_mm;
1575 activate_mm(active_mm, new_mm);
1580 fd = current->files;
1581 current->files = new_fd;
1585 task_unlock(current);
1588 bad_unshare_cleanup_fd:
1590 put_files_struct(new_fd);
1592 bad_unshare_cleanup_vm:
1596 bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh:
1598 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&new_sigh->count))
1599 kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, new_sigh);
1601 bad_unshare_cleanup_ns:
1603 put_namespace(new_ns);
1605 bad_unshare_cleanup_fs:
1607 put_fs_struct(new_fs);
1609 bad_unshare_cleanup_thread: