Pull trivial2 into release branch
[linux-2.6] / drivers / acpi / namespace / nsdump.c
1 /******************************************************************************
2  *
3  * Module Name: nsdump - table dumping routines for debug
4  *
5  *****************************************************************************/
6
7 /*
8  * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2006, R. Byron Moore
9  * All rights reserved.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
16  *    without modification.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
18  *    substantially similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below
19  *    ("Disclaimer") and any redistribution must be conditioned upon
20  *    including a substantially similar Disclaimer requirement for further
21  *    binary redistribution.
22  * 3. Neither the names of the above-listed copyright holders nor the names
23  *    of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of the
27  * GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 as published by the Free
28  * Software Foundation.
29  *
30  * NO WARRANTY
31  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
32  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
33  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR
34  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
35  * HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
36  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
37  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
38  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
39  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
40  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
41  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
42  */
43
44 #include <acpi/acpi.h>
45 #include <acpi/acnamesp.h>
46 #include <acpi/acparser.h>
47
48 #define _COMPONENT          ACPI_NAMESPACE
49 ACPI_MODULE_NAME("nsdump")
50
51 /* Local prototypes */
52 #ifdef ACPI_OBSOLETE_FUNCTIONS
53 void acpi_ns_dump_root_devices(void);
54
55 static acpi_status
56 acpi_ns_dump_one_device(acpi_handle obj_handle,
57                         u32 level, void *context, void **return_value);
58 #endif
59
60 #if defined(ACPI_DEBUG_OUTPUT) || defined(ACPI_DEBUGGER)
61 /*******************************************************************************
62  *
63  * FUNCTION:    acpi_ns_print_pathname
64  *
65  * PARAMETERS:  num_segments        - Number of ACPI name segments
66  *              Pathname            - The compressed (internal) path
67  *
68  * RETURN:      None
69  *
70  * DESCRIPTION: Print an object's full namespace pathname
71  *
72  ******************************************************************************/
73
74 void acpi_ns_print_pathname(u32 num_segments, char *pathname)
75 {
76         acpi_native_uint i;
77
78         ACPI_FUNCTION_NAME(ns_print_pathname);
79
80         if (!(acpi_dbg_level & ACPI_LV_NAMES)
81             || !(acpi_dbg_layer & ACPI_NAMESPACE)) {
82                 return;
83         }
84
85         /* Print the entire name */
86
87         ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_NAMES, "["));
88
89         while (num_segments) {
90                 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
91                         ACPI_IS_PRINT(pathname[i]) ?
92                             acpi_os_printf("%c", pathname[i]) :
93                             acpi_os_printf("?");
94                 }
95
96                 pathname += ACPI_NAME_SIZE;
97                 num_segments--;
98                 if (num_segments) {
99                         acpi_os_printf(".");
100                 }
101         }
102
103         acpi_os_printf("]\n");
104 }
105
106 /*******************************************************************************
107  *
108  * FUNCTION:    acpi_ns_dump_pathname
109  *
110  * PARAMETERS:  Handle              - Object
111  *              Msg                 - Prefix message
112  *              Level               - Desired debug level
113  *              Component           - Caller's component ID
114  *
115  * RETURN:      None
116  *
117  * DESCRIPTION: Print an object's full namespace pathname
118  *              Manages allocation/freeing of a pathname buffer
119  *
120  ******************************************************************************/
121
122 void
123 acpi_ns_dump_pathname(acpi_handle handle, char *msg, u32 level, u32 component)
124 {
125
126         ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE(ns_dump_pathname);
127
128         /* Do this only if the requested debug level and component are enabled */
129
130         if (!(acpi_dbg_level & level) || !(acpi_dbg_layer & component)) {
131                 return_VOID;
132         }
133
134         /* Convert handle to a full pathname and print it (with supplied message) */
135
136         acpi_ns_print_node_pathname(handle, msg);
137         acpi_os_printf("\n");
138         return_VOID;
139 }
140
141 /*******************************************************************************
142  *
143  * FUNCTION:    acpi_ns_dump_one_object
144  *
145  * PARAMETERS:  obj_handle          - Node to be dumped
146  *              Level               - Nesting level of the handle
147  *              Context             - Passed into walk_namespace
148  *              return_value        - Not used
149  *
150  * RETURN:      Status
151  *
152  * DESCRIPTION: Dump a single Node
153  *              This procedure is a user_function called by acpi_ns_walk_namespace.
154  *
155  ******************************************************************************/
156
157 acpi_status
158 acpi_ns_dump_one_object(acpi_handle obj_handle,
159                         u32 level, void *context, void **return_value)
160 {
161         struct acpi_walk_info *info = (struct acpi_walk_info *)context;
162         struct acpi_namespace_node *this_node;
163         union acpi_operand_object *obj_desc = NULL;
164         acpi_object_type obj_type;
165         acpi_object_type type;
166         u32 bytes_to_dump;
167         u32 dbg_level;
168         u32 i;
169
170         ACPI_FUNCTION_NAME(ns_dump_one_object);
171
172         /* Is output enabled? */
173
174         if (!(acpi_dbg_level & info->debug_level)) {
175                 return (AE_OK);
176         }
177
178         if (!obj_handle) {
179                 ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_INFO, "Null object handle\n"));
180                 return (AE_OK);
181         }
182
183         this_node = acpi_ns_map_handle_to_node(obj_handle);
184         type = this_node->type;
185
186         /* Check if the owner matches */
187
188         if ((info->owner_id != ACPI_OWNER_ID_MAX) &&
189             (info->owner_id != this_node->owner_id)) {
190                 return (AE_OK);
191         }
192
193         if (!(info->display_type & ACPI_DISPLAY_SHORT)) {
194
195                 /* Indent the object according to the level */
196
197                 acpi_os_printf("%2d%*s", (u32) level - 1, (int)level * 2, " ");
198
199                 /* Check the node type and name */
200
201                 if (type > ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_MAX) {
202                         ACPI_WARNING((AE_INFO, "Invalid ACPI Object Type %08X",
203                                       type));
204                 }
205
206                 if (!acpi_ut_valid_acpi_name(this_node->name.integer)) {
207                         this_node->name.integer =
208                             acpi_ut_repair_name(this_node->name.integer);
209
210                         ACPI_WARNING((AE_INFO, "Invalid ACPI Name %08X",
211                                       this_node->name.integer));
212                 }
213
214                 acpi_os_printf("%4.4s", acpi_ut_get_node_name(this_node));
215         }
216
217         /*
218          * Now we can print out the pertinent information
219          */
220         acpi_os_printf(" %-12s %p %2.2X ",
221                        acpi_ut_get_type_name(type), this_node,
222                        this_node->owner_id);
223
224         dbg_level = acpi_dbg_level;
225         acpi_dbg_level = 0;
226         obj_desc = acpi_ns_get_attached_object(this_node);
227         acpi_dbg_level = dbg_level;
228
229         switch (info->display_type & ACPI_DISPLAY_MASK) {
230         case ACPI_DISPLAY_SUMMARY:
231
232                 if (!obj_desc) {
233
234                         /* No attached object, we are done */
235
236                         acpi_os_printf("\n");
237                         return (AE_OK);
238                 }
239
240                 switch (type) {
241                 case ACPI_TYPE_PROCESSOR:
242
243                         acpi_os_printf("ID %X Len %.4X Addr %p\n",
244                                        obj_desc->processor.proc_id,
245                                        obj_desc->processor.length,
246                                        (char *)obj_desc->processor.address);
247                         break;
248
249                 case ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE:
250
251                         acpi_os_printf("Notify Object: %p\n", obj_desc);
252                         break;
253
254                 case ACPI_TYPE_METHOD:
255
256                         acpi_os_printf("Args %X Len %.4X Aml %p\n",
257                                        (u32) obj_desc->method.param_count,
258                                        obj_desc->method.aml_length,
259                                        obj_desc->method.aml_start);
260                         break;
261
262                 case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
263
264                         acpi_os_printf("= %8.8X%8.8X\n",
265                                        ACPI_FORMAT_UINT64(obj_desc->integer.
266                                                           value));
267                         break;
268
269                 case ACPI_TYPE_PACKAGE:
270
271                         if (obj_desc->common.flags & AOPOBJ_DATA_VALID) {
272                                 acpi_os_printf("Elements %.2X\n",
273                                                obj_desc->package.count);
274                         } else {
275                                 acpi_os_printf("[Length not yet evaluated]\n");
276                         }
277                         break;
278
279                 case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
280
281                         if (obj_desc->common.flags & AOPOBJ_DATA_VALID) {
282                                 acpi_os_printf("Len %.2X",
283                                                obj_desc->buffer.length);
284
285                                 /* Dump some of the buffer */
286
287                                 if (obj_desc->buffer.length > 0) {
288                                         acpi_os_printf(" =");
289                                         for (i = 0;
290                                              (i < obj_desc->buffer.length
291                                               && i < 12); i++) {
292                                                 acpi_os_printf(" %.2hX",
293                                                                obj_desc->buffer.
294                                                                pointer[i]);
295                                         }
296                                 }
297                                 acpi_os_printf("\n");
298                         } else {
299                                 acpi_os_printf("[Length not yet evaluated]\n");
300                         }
301                         break;
302
303                 case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
304
305                         acpi_os_printf("Len %.2X ", obj_desc->string.length);
306                         acpi_ut_print_string(obj_desc->string.pointer, 32);
307                         acpi_os_printf("\n");
308                         break;
309
310                 case ACPI_TYPE_REGION:
311
312                         acpi_os_printf("[%s]",
313                                        acpi_ut_get_region_name(obj_desc->region.
314                                                                space_id));
315                         if (obj_desc->region.flags & AOPOBJ_DATA_VALID) {
316                                 acpi_os_printf(" Addr %8.8X%8.8X Len %.4X\n",
317                                                ACPI_FORMAT_UINT64(obj_desc->
318                                                                   region.
319                                                                   address),
320                                                obj_desc->region.length);
321                         } else {
322                                 acpi_os_printf
323                                     (" [Address/Length not yet evaluated]\n");
324                         }
325                         break;
326
327                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REFERENCE:
328
329                         acpi_os_printf("[%s]\n",
330                                        acpi_ps_get_opcode_name(obj_desc->
331                                                                reference.
332                                                                opcode));
333                         break;
334
335                 case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER_FIELD:
336
337                         if (obj_desc->buffer_field.buffer_obj &&
338                             obj_desc->buffer_field.buffer_obj->buffer.node) {
339                                 acpi_os_printf("Buf [%4.4s]",
340                                                acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc->
341                                                                      buffer_field.
342                                                                      buffer_obj->
343                                                                      buffer.
344                                                                      node));
345                         }
346                         break;
347
348                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REGION_FIELD:
349
350                         acpi_os_printf("Rgn [%4.4s]",
351                                        acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc->
352                                                              common_field.
353                                                              region_obj->region.
354                                                              node));
355                         break;
356
357                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_BANK_FIELD:
358
359                         acpi_os_printf("Rgn [%4.4s] Bnk [%4.4s]",
360                                        acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc->
361                                                              common_field.
362                                                              region_obj->region.
363                                                              node),
364                                        acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc->
365                                                              bank_field.
366                                                              bank_obj->
367                                                              common_field.
368                                                              node));
369                         break;
370
371                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD:
372
373                         acpi_os_printf("Idx [%4.4s] Dat [%4.4s]",
374                                        acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc->
375                                                              index_field.
376                                                              index_obj->
377                                                              common_field.node),
378                                        acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc->
379                                                              index_field.
380                                                              data_obj->
381                                                              common_field.
382                                                              node));
383                         break;
384
385                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_ALIAS:
386                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_METHOD_ALIAS:
387
388                         acpi_os_printf("Target %4.4s (%p)\n",
389                                        acpi_ut_get_node_name(obj_desc),
390                                        obj_desc);
391                         break;
392
393                 default:
394
395                         acpi_os_printf("Object %p\n", obj_desc);
396                         break;
397                 }
398
399                 /* Common field handling */
400
401                 switch (type) {
402                 case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER_FIELD:
403                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REGION_FIELD:
404                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_BANK_FIELD:
405                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD:
406
407                         acpi_os_printf(" Off %.3X Len %.2X Acc %.2hd\n",
408                                        (obj_desc->common_field.
409                                         base_byte_offset * 8)
410                                        +
411                                        obj_desc->common_field.
412                                        start_field_bit_offset,
413                                        obj_desc->common_field.bit_length,
414                                        obj_desc->common_field.
415                                        access_byte_width);
416                         break;
417
418                 default:
419                         break;
420                 }
421                 break;
422
423         case ACPI_DISPLAY_OBJECTS:
424
425                 acpi_os_printf("O:%p", obj_desc);
426                 if (!obj_desc) {
427
428                         /* No attached object, we are done */
429
430                         acpi_os_printf("\n");
431                         return (AE_OK);
432                 }
433
434                 acpi_os_printf("(R%d)", obj_desc->common.reference_count);
435
436                 switch (type) {
437                 case ACPI_TYPE_METHOD:
438
439                         /* Name is a Method and its AML offset/length are set */
440
441                         acpi_os_printf(" M:%p-%X\n", obj_desc->method.aml_start,
442                                        obj_desc->method.aml_length);
443                         break;
444
445                 case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
446
447                         acpi_os_printf(" I:%8.8X8.8%X\n",
448                                        ACPI_FORMAT_UINT64(obj_desc->integer.
449                                                           value));
450                         break;
451
452                 case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
453
454                         acpi_os_printf(" S:%p-%X\n", obj_desc->string.pointer,
455                                        obj_desc->string.length);
456                         break;
457
458                 case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
459
460                         acpi_os_printf(" B:%p-%X\n", obj_desc->buffer.pointer,
461                                        obj_desc->buffer.length);
462                         break;
463
464                 default:
465
466                         acpi_os_printf("\n");
467                         break;
468                 }
469                 break;
470
471         default:
472                 acpi_os_printf("\n");
473                 break;
474         }
475
476         /* If debug turned off, done */
477
478         if (!(acpi_dbg_level & ACPI_LV_VALUES)) {
479                 return (AE_OK);
480         }
481
482         /* If there is an attached object, display it */
483
484         dbg_level = acpi_dbg_level;
485         acpi_dbg_level = 0;
486         obj_desc = acpi_ns_get_attached_object(this_node);
487         acpi_dbg_level = dbg_level;
488
489         /* Dump attached objects */
490
491         while (obj_desc) {
492                 obj_type = ACPI_TYPE_INVALID;
493                 acpi_os_printf("Attached Object %p: ", obj_desc);
494
495                 /* Decode the type of attached object and dump the contents */
496
497                 switch (ACPI_GET_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE(obj_desc)) {
498                 case ACPI_DESC_TYPE_NAMED:
499
500                         acpi_os_printf("(Ptr to Node)\n");
501                         bytes_to_dump = sizeof(struct acpi_namespace_node);
502                         ACPI_DUMP_BUFFER(obj_desc, bytes_to_dump);
503                         break;
504
505                 case ACPI_DESC_TYPE_OPERAND:
506
507                         obj_type = ACPI_GET_OBJECT_TYPE(obj_desc);
508
509                         if (obj_type > ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_MAX) {
510                                 acpi_os_printf
511                                     ("(Ptr to ACPI Object type %X [UNKNOWN])\n",
512                                      obj_type);
513                                 bytes_to_dump = 32;
514                         } else {
515                                 acpi_os_printf
516                                     ("(Ptr to ACPI Object type %X [%s])\n",
517                                      obj_type, acpi_ut_get_type_name(obj_type));
518                                 bytes_to_dump =
519                                     sizeof(union acpi_operand_object);
520                         }
521
522                         ACPI_DUMP_BUFFER(obj_desc, bytes_to_dump);
523                         break;
524
525                 default:
526
527                         break;
528                 }
529
530                 /* If value is NOT an internal object, we are done */
531
532                 if (ACPI_GET_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE(obj_desc) !=
533                     ACPI_DESC_TYPE_OPERAND) {
534                         goto cleanup;
535                 }
536
537                 /*
538                  * Valid object, get the pointer to next level, if any
539                  */
540                 switch (obj_type) {
541                 case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
542                 case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
543                         /*
544                          * NOTE: takes advantage of common fields between string/buffer
545                          */
546                         bytes_to_dump = obj_desc->string.length;
547                         obj_desc = (void *)obj_desc->string.pointer;
548                         acpi_os_printf("(Buffer/String pointer %p length %X)\n",
549                                        obj_desc, bytes_to_dump);
550                         ACPI_DUMP_BUFFER(obj_desc, bytes_to_dump);
551                         goto cleanup;
552
553                 case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER_FIELD:
554                         obj_desc =
555                             (union acpi_operand_object *)obj_desc->buffer_field.
556                             buffer_obj;
557                         break;
558
559                 case ACPI_TYPE_PACKAGE:
560                         obj_desc = (void *)obj_desc->package.elements;
561                         break;
562
563                 case ACPI_TYPE_METHOD:
564                         obj_desc = (void *)obj_desc->method.aml_start;
565                         break;
566
567                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REGION_FIELD:
568                         obj_desc = (void *)obj_desc->field.region_obj;
569                         break;
570
571                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_BANK_FIELD:
572                         obj_desc = (void *)obj_desc->bank_field.region_obj;
573                         break;
574
575                 case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD:
576                         obj_desc = (void *)obj_desc->index_field.index_obj;
577                         break;
578
579                 default:
580                         goto cleanup;
581                 }
582
583                 obj_type = ACPI_TYPE_INVALID;   /* Terminate loop after next pass */
584         }
585
586       cleanup:
587         acpi_os_printf("\n");
588         return (AE_OK);
589 }
590
591 #ifdef ACPI_FUTURE_USAGE
592 /*******************************************************************************
593  *
594  * FUNCTION:    acpi_ns_dump_objects
595  *
596  * PARAMETERS:  Type                - Object type to be dumped
597  *              display_type        - 0 or ACPI_DISPLAY_SUMMARY
598  *              max_depth           - Maximum depth of dump. Use ACPI_UINT32_MAX
599  *                                    for an effectively unlimited depth.
600  *              owner_id            - Dump only objects owned by this ID.  Use
601  *                                    ACPI_UINT32_MAX to match all owners.
602  *              start_handle        - Where in namespace to start/end search
603  *
604  * RETURN:      None
605  *
606  * DESCRIPTION: Dump typed objects within the loaded namespace.
607  *              Uses acpi_ns_walk_namespace in conjunction with acpi_ns_dump_one_object.
608  *
609  ******************************************************************************/
610
611 void
612 acpi_ns_dump_objects(acpi_object_type type,
613                      u8 display_type,
614                      u32 max_depth,
615                      acpi_owner_id owner_id, acpi_handle start_handle)
616 {
617         struct acpi_walk_info info;
618
619         ACPI_FUNCTION_ENTRY();
620
621         info.debug_level = ACPI_LV_TABLES;
622         info.owner_id = owner_id;
623         info.display_type = display_type;
624
625         (void)acpi_ns_walk_namespace(type, start_handle, max_depth,
626                                      ACPI_NS_WALK_NO_UNLOCK,
627                                      acpi_ns_dump_one_object, (void *)&info,
628                                      NULL);
629 }
630 #endif                          /* ACPI_FUTURE_USAGE */
631
632 /*******************************************************************************
633  *
634  * FUNCTION:    acpi_ns_dump_entry
635  *
636  * PARAMETERS:  Handle              - Node to be dumped
637  *              debug_level         - Output level
638  *
639  * RETURN:      None
640  *
641  * DESCRIPTION: Dump a single Node
642  *
643  ******************************************************************************/
644
645 void acpi_ns_dump_entry(acpi_handle handle, u32 debug_level)
646 {
647         struct acpi_walk_info info;
648
649         ACPI_FUNCTION_ENTRY();
650
651         info.debug_level = debug_level;
652         info.owner_id = ACPI_OWNER_ID_MAX;
653         info.display_type = ACPI_DISPLAY_SUMMARY;
654
655         (void)acpi_ns_dump_one_object(handle, 1, &info, NULL);
656 }
657
658 #ifdef ACPI_ASL_COMPILER
659 /*******************************************************************************
660  *
661  * FUNCTION:    acpi_ns_dump_tables
662  *
663  * PARAMETERS:  search_base         - Root of subtree to be dumped, or
664  *                                    NS_ALL to dump the entire namespace
665  *              max_depth           - Maximum depth of dump.  Use INT_MAX
666  *                                    for an effectively unlimited depth.
667  *
668  * RETURN:      None
669  *
670  * DESCRIPTION: Dump the name space, or a portion of it.
671  *
672  ******************************************************************************/
673
674 void acpi_ns_dump_tables(acpi_handle search_base, u32 max_depth)
675 {
676         acpi_handle search_handle = search_base;
677
678         ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE(ns_dump_tables);
679
680         if (!acpi_gbl_root_node) {
681                 /*
682                  * If the name space has not been initialized,
683                  * there is nothing to dump.
684                  */
685                 ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_TABLES,
686                                   "namespace not initialized!\n"));
687                 return_VOID;
688         }
689
690         if (ACPI_NS_ALL == search_base) {
691
692                 /* Entire namespace */
693
694                 search_handle = acpi_gbl_root_node;
695                 ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_TABLES, "\\\n"));
696         }
697
698         acpi_ns_dump_objects(ACPI_TYPE_ANY, ACPI_DISPLAY_OBJECTS, max_depth,
699                              ACPI_OWNER_ID_MAX, search_handle);
700         return_VOID;
701 }
702 #endif                          /* _ACPI_ASL_COMPILER */
703 #endif                          /* defined(ACPI_DEBUG_OUTPUT) || defined(ACPI_DEBUGGER) */