2 * Performance counter x86 architecture code
4 * Copyright(C) 2008 Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
5 * Copyright(C) 2008 Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
7 * For licencing details see kernel-base/COPYING
10 #include <linux/perf_counter.h>
11 #include <linux/capability.h>
12 #include <linux/notifier.h>
13 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
14 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
17 #include <linux/sched.h>
19 #include <asm/perf_counter.h>
22 static bool perf_counters_initialized __read_mostly;
25 * Number of (generic) HW counters:
27 static int nr_counters_generic __read_mostly;
28 static u64 perf_counter_mask __read_mostly;
29 static u64 counter_value_mask __read_mostly;
31 static int nr_counters_fixed __read_mostly;
33 struct cpu_hw_counters {
34 struct perf_counter *counters[X86_PMC_IDX_MAX];
35 unsigned long used[BITS_TO_LONGS(X86_PMC_IDX_MAX)];
39 * Intel PerfMon v3. Used on Core2 and later.
41 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_hw_counters, cpu_hw_counters);
43 static const int intel_perfmon_event_map[] =
45 [PERF_COUNT_CPU_CYCLES] = 0x003c,
46 [PERF_COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS] = 0x00c0,
47 [PERF_COUNT_CACHE_REFERENCES] = 0x4f2e,
48 [PERF_COUNT_CACHE_MISSES] = 0x412e,
49 [PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS] = 0x00c4,
50 [PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_MISSES] = 0x00c5,
51 [PERF_COUNT_BUS_CYCLES] = 0x013c,
54 static const int max_intel_perfmon_events = ARRAY_SIZE(intel_perfmon_event_map);
57 * Propagate counter elapsed time into the generic counter.
58 * Can only be executed on the CPU where the counter is active.
59 * Returns the delta events processed.
62 x86_perf_counter_update(struct perf_counter *counter,
63 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc, int idx)
65 u64 prev_raw_count, new_raw_count, delta;
68 * Careful: an NMI might modify the previous counter value.
70 * Our tactic to handle this is to first atomically read and
71 * exchange a new raw count - then add that new-prev delta
72 * count to the generic counter atomically:
75 prev_raw_count = atomic64_read(&hwc->prev_count);
76 rdmsrl(hwc->counter_base + idx, new_raw_count);
78 if (atomic64_cmpxchg(&hwc->prev_count, prev_raw_count,
79 new_raw_count) != prev_raw_count)
83 * Now we have the new raw value and have updated the prev
84 * timestamp already. We can now calculate the elapsed delta
85 * (counter-)time and add that to the generic counter.
87 * Careful, not all hw sign-extends above the physical width
88 * of the count, so we do that by clipping the delta to 32 bits:
90 delta = (u64)(u32)((s32)new_raw_count - (s32)prev_raw_count);
92 atomic64_add(delta, &counter->count);
93 atomic64_sub(delta, &hwc->period_left);
97 * Setup the hardware configuration for a given hw_event_type
99 static int __hw_perf_counter_init(struct perf_counter *counter)
101 struct perf_counter_hw_event *hw_event = &counter->hw_event;
102 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc = &counter->hw;
104 if (unlikely(!perf_counters_initialized))
108 * Count user events, and generate PMC IRQs:
109 * (keep 'enabled' bit clear for now)
111 hwc->config = ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_USR | ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_INT;
114 * If privileged enough, count OS events too, and allow
115 * NMI events as well:
118 if (capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
119 hwc->config |= ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_OS;
124 hwc->irq_period = hw_event->irq_period;
126 * Intel PMCs cannot be accessed sanely above 32 bit width,
127 * so we install an artificial 1<<31 period regardless of
128 * the generic counter period:
130 if ((s64)hwc->irq_period <= 0 || hwc->irq_period > 0x7FFFFFFF)
131 hwc->irq_period = 0x7FFFFFFF;
133 atomic64_set(&hwc->period_left, hwc->irq_period);
136 * Raw event type provide the config in the event structure
139 hwc->config |= hw_event->type;
141 if (hw_event->type >= max_intel_perfmon_events)
146 hwc->config |= intel_perfmon_event_map[hw_event->type];
148 counter->wakeup_pending = 0;
153 u64 hw_perf_save_disable(void)
157 if (unlikely(!perf_counters_initialized))
160 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, ctrl);
161 wrmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, 0);
165 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hw_perf_save_disable);
167 void hw_perf_restore(u64 ctrl)
169 if (unlikely(!perf_counters_initialized))
172 wrmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, ctrl);
174 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hw_perf_restore);
177 __pmc_fixed_disable(struct perf_counter *counter,
178 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc, unsigned int __idx)
180 int idx = __idx - X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED;
184 mask = 0xfULL << (idx * 4);
186 rdmsrl(hwc->config_base, ctrl_val);
188 err = checking_wrmsrl(hwc->config_base, ctrl_val);
192 __pmc_generic_disable(struct perf_counter *counter,
193 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc, unsigned int idx)
195 if (unlikely(hwc->config_base == MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR_CTRL))
196 __pmc_fixed_disable(counter, hwc, idx);
198 wrmsr_safe(hwc->config_base + idx, hwc->config, 0);
201 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, prev_left[X86_PMC_IDX_MAX]);
204 * Set the next IRQ period, based on the hwc->period_left value.
205 * To be called with the counter disabled in hw:
208 __hw_perf_counter_set_period(struct perf_counter *counter,
209 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc, int idx)
211 s64 left = atomic64_read(&hwc->period_left);
212 s32 period = hwc->irq_period;
216 * If we are way outside a reasoable range then just skip forward:
218 if (unlikely(left <= -period)) {
220 atomic64_set(&hwc->period_left, left);
223 if (unlikely(left <= 0)) {
225 atomic64_set(&hwc->period_left, left);
228 per_cpu(prev_left[idx], smp_processor_id()) = left;
231 * The hw counter starts counting from this counter offset,
232 * mark it to be able to extra future deltas:
234 atomic64_set(&hwc->prev_count, (u64)-left);
236 err = checking_wrmsrl(hwc->counter_base + idx,
237 (u64)(-left) & counter_value_mask);
241 __pmc_fixed_enable(struct perf_counter *counter,
242 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc, unsigned int __idx)
244 int idx = __idx - X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED;
245 u64 ctrl_val, bits, mask;
249 * Enable IRQ generation (0x8) and ring-3 counting (0x2),
250 * and enable ring-0 counting if allowed:
252 bits = 0x8ULL | 0x2ULL;
253 if (hwc->config & ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_OS)
256 mask = 0xfULL << (idx * 4);
258 rdmsrl(hwc->config_base, ctrl_val);
261 err = checking_wrmsrl(hwc->config_base, ctrl_val);
265 __pmc_generic_enable(struct perf_counter *counter,
266 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc, int idx)
268 if (unlikely(hwc->config_base == MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR_CTRL))
269 __pmc_fixed_enable(counter, hwc, idx);
271 wrmsr(hwc->config_base + idx,
272 hwc->config | ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0_ENABLE, 0);
276 fixed_mode_idx(struct perf_counter *counter, struct hw_perf_counter *hwc)
280 if (unlikely(hwc->nmi))
283 event = hwc->config & ARCH_PERFMON_EVENT_MASK;
285 if (unlikely(event == intel_perfmon_event_map[PERF_COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS]))
286 return X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED_INSTRUCTIONS;
287 if (unlikely(event == intel_perfmon_event_map[PERF_COUNT_CPU_CYCLES]))
288 return X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED_CPU_CYCLES;
289 if (unlikely(event == intel_perfmon_event_map[PERF_COUNT_BUS_CYCLES]))
290 return X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED_BUS_CYCLES;
296 * Find a PMC slot for the freshly enabled / scheduled in counter:
298 static int pmc_generic_enable(struct perf_counter *counter)
300 struct cpu_hw_counters *cpuc = &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_counters);
301 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc = &counter->hw;
304 idx = fixed_mode_idx(counter, hwc);
307 * Try to get the fixed counter, if that is already taken
308 * then try to get a generic counter:
310 if (test_and_set_bit(idx, cpuc->used))
313 hwc->config_base = MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR_CTRL;
315 * We set it so that counter_base + idx in wrmsr/rdmsr maps to
316 * MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR0 ... CTR2:
319 MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR0 - X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED;
323 /* Try to get the previous generic counter again */
324 if (test_and_set_bit(idx, cpuc->used)) {
326 idx = find_first_zero_bit(cpuc->used, nr_counters_generic);
327 if (idx == nr_counters_generic)
330 set_bit(idx, cpuc->used);
333 hwc->config_base = MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0;
334 hwc->counter_base = MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_PERFCTR0;
337 perf_counters_lapic_init(hwc->nmi);
339 __pmc_generic_disable(counter, hwc, idx);
341 cpuc->counters[idx] = counter;
343 * Make it visible before enabling the hw:
347 __hw_perf_counter_set_period(counter, hwc, idx);
348 __pmc_generic_enable(counter, hwc, idx);
353 void perf_counter_print_debug(void)
355 u64 ctrl, status, overflow, pmc_ctrl, pmc_count, prev_left, fixed;
356 struct cpu_hw_counters *cpuc;
359 if (!nr_counters_generic)
364 cpu = smp_processor_id();
365 cpuc = &per_cpu(cpu_hw_counters, cpu);
367 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, ctrl);
368 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_STATUS, status);
369 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_OVF_CTRL, overflow);
370 rdmsrl(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR_CTRL, fixed);
372 printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
373 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: ctrl: %016llx\n", cpu, ctrl);
374 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: status: %016llx\n", cpu, status);
375 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: overflow: %016llx\n", cpu, overflow);
376 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: fixed: %016llx\n", cpu, fixed);
377 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: used: %016llx\n", cpu, *(u64 *)cpuc->used);
379 for (idx = 0; idx < nr_counters_generic; idx++) {
380 rdmsrl(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0 + idx, pmc_ctrl);
381 rdmsrl(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_PERFCTR0 + idx, pmc_count);
383 prev_left = per_cpu(prev_left[idx], cpu);
385 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: gen-PMC%d ctrl: %016llx\n",
387 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: gen-PMC%d count: %016llx\n",
388 cpu, idx, pmc_count);
389 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: gen-PMC%d left: %016llx\n",
390 cpu, idx, prev_left);
392 for (idx = 0; idx < nr_counters_fixed; idx++) {
393 rdmsrl(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_FIXED_CTR0 + idx, pmc_count);
395 printk(KERN_INFO "CPU#%d: fixed-PMC%d count: %016llx\n",
396 cpu, idx, pmc_count);
401 static void pmc_generic_disable(struct perf_counter *counter)
403 struct cpu_hw_counters *cpuc = &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_counters);
404 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc = &counter->hw;
405 unsigned int idx = hwc->idx;
407 __pmc_generic_disable(counter, hwc, idx);
409 clear_bit(idx, cpuc->used);
410 cpuc->counters[idx] = NULL;
412 * Make sure the cleared pointer becomes visible before we
413 * (potentially) free the counter:
418 * Drain the remaining delta count out of a counter
419 * that we are disabling:
421 x86_perf_counter_update(counter, hwc, idx);
424 static void perf_store_irq_data(struct perf_counter *counter, u64 data)
426 struct perf_data *irqdata = counter->irqdata;
428 if (irqdata->len > PERF_DATA_BUFLEN - sizeof(u64)) {
431 u64 *p = (u64 *) &irqdata->data[irqdata->len];
434 irqdata->len += sizeof(u64);
439 * Save and restart an expired counter. Called by NMI contexts,
440 * so it has to be careful about preempting normal counter ops:
442 static void perf_save_and_restart(struct perf_counter *counter)
444 struct hw_perf_counter *hwc = &counter->hw;
447 x86_perf_counter_update(counter, hwc, idx);
448 __hw_perf_counter_set_period(counter, hwc, idx);
450 if (counter->state == PERF_COUNTER_STATE_ACTIVE)
451 __pmc_generic_enable(counter, hwc, idx);
455 perf_handle_group(struct perf_counter *sibling, u64 *status, u64 *overflown)
457 struct perf_counter *counter, *group_leader = sibling->group_leader;
460 * Store sibling timestamps (if any):
462 list_for_each_entry(counter, &group_leader->sibling_list, list_entry) {
464 x86_perf_counter_update(counter, &counter->hw, counter->hw.idx);
465 perf_store_irq_data(sibling, counter->hw_event.type);
466 perf_store_irq_data(sibling, atomic64_read(&counter->count));
471 * This handler is triggered by the local APIC, so the APIC IRQ handling
474 static void __smp_perf_counter_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs, int nmi)
476 int bit, cpu = smp_processor_id();
477 u64 ack, status, saved_global;
478 struct cpu_hw_counters *cpuc;
480 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, saved_global);
482 /* Disable counters globally */
483 wrmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, 0);
486 cpuc = &per_cpu(cpu_hw_counters, cpu);
488 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_STATUS, status);
494 for_each_bit(bit, (unsigned long *)&status, X86_PMC_IDX_MAX) {
495 struct perf_counter *counter = cpuc->counters[bit];
497 clear_bit(bit, (unsigned long *) &status);
501 perf_save_and_restart(counter);
503 switch (counter->hw_event.record_type) {
504 case PERF_RECORD_SIMPLE:
506 case PERF_RECORD_IRQ:
507 perf_store_irq_data(counter, instruction_pointer(regs));
509 case PERF_RECORD_GROUP:
510 perf_handle_group(counter, &status, &ack);
514 * From NMI context we cannot call into the scheduler to
515 * do a task wakeup - but we mark these generic as
516 * wakeup_pending and initate a wakeup callback:
519 counter->wakeup_pending = 1;
520 set_tsk_thread_flag(current, TIF_PERF_COUNTERS);
522 wake_up(&counter->waitq);
526 wrmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_OVF_CTRL, ack);
529 * Repeat if there is more work to be done:
531 rdmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_STATUS, status);
536 * Restore - do not reenable when global enable is off:
538 wrmsrl(MSR_CORE_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL, saved_global);
541 void smp_perf_counter_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
544 inc_irq_stat(apic_perf_irqs);
545 apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, LOCAL_PERF_VECTOR);
546 __smp_perf_counter_interrupt(regs, 0);
552 * This handler is triggered by NMI contexts:
554 void perf_counter_notify(struct pt_regs *regs)
556 struct cpu_hw_counters *cpuc;
560 local_irq_save(flags);
561 cpu = smp_processor_id();
562 cpuc = &per_cpu(cpu_hw_counters, cpu);
564 for_each_bit(bit, cpuc->used, X86_PMC_IDX_MAX) {
565 struct perf_counter *counter = cpuc->counters[bit];
570 if (counter->wakeup_pending) {
571 counter->wakeup_pending = 0;
572 wake_up(&counter->waitq);
576 local_irq_restore(flags);
579 void __cpuinit perf_counters_lapic_init(int nmi)
583 if (!perf_counters_initialized)
586 * Enable the performance counter vector in the APIC LVT:
588 apic_val = apic_read(APIC_LVTERR);
590 apic_write(APIC_LVTERR, apic_val | APIC_LVT_MASKED);
592 apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
594 apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, LOCAL_PERF_VECTOR);
595 apic_write(APIC_LVTERR, apic_val);
599 perf_counter_nmi_handler(struct notifier_block *self,
600 unsigned long cmd, void *__args)
602 struct die_args *args = __args;
603 struct pt_regs *regs;
605 if (likely(cmd != DIE_NMI_IPI))
610 apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
611 __smp_perf_counter_interrupt(regs, 1);
616 static __read_mostly struct notifier_block perf_counter_nmi_notifier = {
617 .notifier_call = perf_counter_nmi_handler
620 void __init init_hw_perf_counters(void)
622 union cpuid10_eax eax;
625 union cpuid10_edx edx;
627 if (!cpu_has(&boot_cpu_data, X86_FEATURE_ARCH_PERFMON))
631 * Check whether the Architectural PerfMon supports
632 * Branch Misses Retired Event or not.
634 cpuid(10, &eax.full, &ebx, &unused, &edx.full);
635 if (eax.split.mask_length <= ARCH_PERFMON_BRANCH_MISSES_RETIRED)
638 printk(KERN_INFO "Intel Performance Monitoring support detected.\n");
640 printk(KERN_INFO "... version: %d\n", eax.split.version_id);
641 printk(KERN_INFO "... num counters: %d\n", eax.split.num_counters);
642 nr_counters_generic = eax.split.num_counters;
643 if (nr_counters_generic > X86_PMC_MAX_GENERIC) {
644 nr_counters_generic = X86_PMC_MAX_GENERIC;
645 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "hw perf counters %d > max(%d), clipping!",
646 nr_counters_generic, X86_PMC_MAX_GENERIC);
648 perf_counter_mask = (1 << nr_counters_generic) - 1;
649 perf_max_counters = nr_counters_generic;
651 printk(KERN_INFO "... bit width: %d\n", eax.split.bit_width);
652 counter_value_mask = (1ULL << eax.split.bit_width) - 1;
653 printk(KERN_INFO "... value mask: %016Lx\n", counter_value_mask);
655 printk(KERN_INFO "... mask length: %d\n", eax.split.mask_length);
657 nr_counters_fixed = edx.split.num_counters_fixed;
658 if (nr_counters_fixed > X86_PMC_MAX_FIXED) {
659 nr_counters_fixed = X86_PMC_MAX_FIXED;
660 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "hw perf counters fixed %d > max(%d), clipping!",
661 nr_counters_fixed, X86_PMC_MAX_FIXED);
663 printk(KERN_INFO "... fixed counters: %d\n", nr_counters_fixed);
665 perf_counter_mask |= ((1LL << nr_counters_fixed)-1) << X86_PMC_IDX_FIXED;
667 printk(KERN_INFO "... counter mask: %016Lx\n", perf_counter_mask);
668 perf_counters_initialized = true;
670 perf_counters_lapic_init(0);
671 register_die_notifier(&perf_counter_nmi_notifier);
674 static void pmc_generic_read(struct perf_counter *counter)
676 x86_perf_counter_update(counter, &counter->hw, counter->hw.idx);
679 static const struct hw_perf_counter_ops x86_perf_counter_ops = {
680 .enable = pmc_generic_enable,
681 .disable = pmc_generic_disable,
682 .read = pmc_generic_read,
685 const struct hw_perf_counter_ops *
686 hw_perf_counter_init(struct perf_counter *counter)
690 err = __hw_perf_counter_init(counter);
694 return &x86_perf_counter_ops;