2 * include/asm-i386/processor.h
4 * Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
7 #ifndef __ASM_I386_PROCESSOR_H
8 #define __ASM_I386_PROCESSOR_H
11 #include <asm/math_emu.h>
12 #include <asm/segment.h>
14 #include <asm/types.h>
15 #include <asm/sigcontext.h>
16 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
18 #include <asm/system.h>
19 #include <linux/cache.h>
20 #include <linux/threads.h>
21 #include <asm/percpu.h>
22 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
23 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <asm/processor-flags.h>
26 /* flag for disabling the tsc */
27 extern int tsc_disable;
33 #define desc_empty(desc) \
34 (!((desc)->a | (desc)->b))
36 #define desc_equal(desc1, desc2) \
37 (((desc1)->a == (desc2)->a) && ((desc1)->b == (desc2)->b))
39 * Default implementation of macro that returns current
40 * instruction pointer ("program counter").
42 #define current_text_addr() ({ void *pc; __asm__("movl $1f,%0\n1:":"=g" (pc)); pc; })
45 * CPU type and hardware bug flags. Kept separately for each CPU.
46 * Members of this structure are referenced in head.S, so think twice
47 * before touching them. [mj]
51 __u8 x86; /* CPU family */
52 __u8 x86_vendor; /* CPU vendor */
55 char wp_works_ok; /* It doesn't on 386's */
56 char hlt_works_ok; /* Problems on some 486Dx4's and old 386's */
59 int cpuid_level; /* Maximum supported CPUID level, -1=no CPUID */
60 unsigned long x86_capability[NCAPINTS];
61 char x86_vendor_id[16];
62 char x86_model_id[64];
63 int x86_cache_size; /* in KB - valid for CPUS which support this
65 int x86_cache_alignment; /* In bytes */
71 unsigned long loops_per_jiffy;
73 cpumask_t llc_shared_map; /* cpus sharing the last level cache */
75 unsigned char x86_max_cores; /* cpuid returned max cores value */
77 unsigned short x86_clflush_size;
79 unsigned char booted_cores; /* number of cores as seen by OS */
80 __u8 phys_proc_id; /* Physical processor id. */
81 __u8 cpu_core_id; /* Core id */
83 } __attribute__((__aligned__(SMP_CACHE_BYTES)));
85 #define X86_VENDOR_INTEL 0
86 #define X86_VENDOR_CYRIX 1
87 #define X86_VENDOR_AMD 2
88 #define X86_VENDOR_UMC 3
89 #define X86_VENDOR_NEXGEN 4
90 #define X86_VENDOR_CENTAUR 5
91 #define X86_VENDOR_RISE 6
92 #define X86_VENDOR_TRANSMETA 7
93 #define X86_VENDOR_NSC 8
94 #define X86_VENDOR_NUM 9
95 #define X86_VENDOR_UNKNOWN 0xff
98 * capabilities of CPUs
101 extern struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data;
102 extern struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data;
103 extern struct tss_struct doublefault_tss;
104 DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct tss_struct, init_tss);
107 extern struct cpuinfo_x86 cpu_data[];
108 #define current_cpu_data cpu_data[smp_processor_id()]
110 #define cpu_data (&boot_cpu_data)
111 #define current_cpu_data boot_cpu_data
114 extern int cpu_llc_id[NR_CPUS];
115 extern char ignore_fpu_irq;
117 void __init cpu_detect(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
119 extern void identify_boot_cpu(void);
120 extern void identify_secondary_cpu(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
121 extern void print_cpu_info(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
122 extern void init_scattered_cpuid_features(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
123 extern unsigned int init_intel_cacheinfo(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
124 extern unsigned short num_cache_leaves;
127 extern void detect_ht(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
129 static inline void detect_ht(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c) {}
132 static inline void native_cpuid(unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx,
133 unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
135 /* ecx is often an input as well as an output. */
141 : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx));
144 #define load_cr3(pgdir) write_cr3(__pa(pgdir))
147 * Save the cr4 feature set we're using (ie
148 * Pentium 4MB enable and PPro Global page
149 * enable), so that any CPU's that boot up
150 * after us can get the correct flags.
152 extern unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
154 static inline void set_in_cr4 (unsigned long mask)
157 mmu_cr4_features |= mask;
163 static inline void clear_in_cr4 (unsigned long mask)
166 mmu_cr4_features &= ~mask;
173 * NSC/Cyrix CPU indexed register access macros
176 #define getCx86(reg) ({ outb((reg), 0x22); inb(0x23); })
178 #define setCx86(reg, data) do { \
180 outb((data), 0x23); \
183 /* Stop speculative execution */
184 static inline void sync_core(void)
187 asm volatile("cpuid" : "=a" (tmp) : "0" (1) : "ebx","ecx","edx","memory");
190 static inline void __monitor(const void *eax, unsigned long ecx,
193 /* "monitor %eax,%ecx,%edx;" */
195 ".byte 0x0f,0x01,0xc8;"
196 : :"a" (eax), "c" (ecx), "d"(edx));
199 static inline void __mwait(unsigned long eax, unsigned long ecx)
201 /* "mwait %eax,%ecx;" */
203 ".byte 0x0f,0x01,0xc9;"
204 : :"a" (eax), "c" (ecx));
207 extern void mwait_idle_with_hints(unsigned long eax, unsigned long ecx);
209 /* from system description table in BIOS. Mostly for MCA use, but
210 others may find it useful. */
211 extern unsigned int machine_id;
212 extern unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
213 extern unsigned int BIOS_revision;
214 extern unsigned int mca_pentium_flag;
216 /* Boot loader type from the setup header */
217 extern int bootloader_type;
220 * User space process size: 3GB (default).
222 #define TASK_SIZE (PAGE_OFFSET)
224 /* This decides where the kernel will search for a free chunk of vm
225 * space during mmap's.
227 #define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE (PAGE_ALIGN(TASK_SIZE / 3))
229 #define HAVE_ARCH_PICK_MMAP_LAYOUT
234 #define IO_BITMAP_BITS 65536
235 #define IO_BITMAP_BYTES (IO_BITMAP_BITS/8)
236 #define IO_BITMAP_LONGS (IO_BITMAP_BYTES/sizeof(long))
237 #define IO_BITMAP_OFFSET offsetof(struct tss_struct,io_bitmap)
238 #define INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET 0x8000
239 #define INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET_LAZY 0x9000
241 struct i387_fsave_struct {
249 long st_space[20]; /* 8*10 bytes for each FP-reg = 80 bytes */
250 long status; /* software status information */
253 struct i387_fxsave_struct {
264 long st_space[32]; /* 8*16 bytes for each FP-reg = 128 bytes */
265 long xmm_space[32]; /* 8*16 bytes for each XMM-reg = 128 bytes */
267 } __attribute__ ((aligned (16)));
269 struct i387_soft_struct {
277 long st_space[20]; /* 8*10 bytes for each FP-reg = 80 bytes */
278 unsigned char ftop, changed, lookahead, no_update, rm, alimit;
280 unsigned long entry_eip;
284 struct i387_fsave_struct fsave;
285 struct i387_fxsave_struct fxsave;
286 struct i387_soft_struct soft;
293 struct thread_struct;
295 /* This is the TSS defined by the hardware. */
297 unsigned short back_link,__blh;
299 unsigned short ss0,__ss0h;
301 unsigned short ss1,__ss1h; /* ss1 is used to cache MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS */
303 unsigned short ss2,__ss2h;
306 unsigned long eflags;
307 unsigned long eax,ecx,edx,ebx;
312 unsigned short es, __esh;
313 unsigned short cs, __csh;
314 unsigned short ss, __ssh;
315 unsigned short ds, __dsh;
316 unsigned short fs, __fsh;
317 unsigned short gs, __gsh;
318 unsigned short ldt, __ldth;
319 unsigned short trace, io_bitmap_base;
320 } __attribute__((packed));
323 struct i386_hw_tss x86_tss;
326 * The extra 1 is there because the CPU will access an
327 * additional byte beyond the end of the IO permission
328 * bitmap. The extra byte must be all 1 bits, and must
329 * be within the limit.
331 unsigned long io_bitmap[IO_BITMAP_LONGS + 1];
333 * Cache the current maximum and the last task that used the bitmap:
335 unsigned long io_bitmap_max;
336 struct thread_struct *io_bitmap_owner;
338 * pads the TSS to be cacheline-aligned (size is 0x100)
340 unsigned long __cacheline_filler[35];
342 * .. and then another 0x100 bytes for emergency kernel stack
344 unsigned long stack[64];
345 } __attribute__((packed));
347 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN 16
349 struct thread_struct {
350 /* cached TLS descriptors. */
351 struct desc_struct tls_array[GDT_ENTRY_TLS_ENTRIES];
353 unsigned long sysenter_cs;
358 /* Hardware debugging registers */
359 unsigned long debugreg[8]; /* %%db0-7 debug registers */
361 unsigned long cr2, trap_no, error_code;
362 /* floating point info */
363 union i387_union i387;
364 /* virtual 86 mode info */
365 struct vm86_struct __user * vm86_info;
366 unsigned long screen_bitmap;
367 unsigned long v86flags, v86mask, saved_esp0;
368 unsigned int saved_fs, saved_gs;
370 unsigned long *io_bitmap_ptr;
372 /* max allowed port in the bitmap, in bytes: */
373 unsigned long io_bitmap_max;
376 #define INIT_THREAD { \
377 .esp0 = sizeof(init_stack) + (long)&init_stack, \
379 .sysenter_cs = __KERNEL_CS, \
380 .io_bitmap_ptr = NULL, \
381 .fs = __KERNEL_PERCPU, \
385 * Note that the .io_bitmap member must be extra-big. This is because
386 * the CPU will access an additional byte beyond the end of the IO
387 * permission bitmap. The extra byte must be all 1 bits, and must
388 * be within the limit.
392 .esp0 = sizeof(init_stack) + (long)&init_stack, \
393 .ss0 = __KERNEL_DS, \
394 .ss1 = __KERNEL_CS, \
395 .io_bitmap_base = INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET, \
397 .io_bitmap = { [ 0 ... IO_BITMAP_LONGS] = ~0 }, \
400 #define start_thread(regs, new_eip, new_esp) do { \
401 __asm__("movl %0,%%gs": :"r" (0)); \
404 regs->xds = __USER_DS; \
405 regs->xes = __USER_DS; \
406 regs->xss = __USER_DS; \
407 regs->xcs = __USER_CS; \
408 regs->eip = new_eip; \
409 regs->esp = new_esp; \
412 /* Forward declaration, a strange C thing */
416 /* Free all resources held by a thread. */
417 extern void release_thread(struct task_struct *);
419 /* Prepare to copy thread state - unlazy all lazy status */
420 extern void prepare_to_copy(struct task_struct *tsk);
423 * create a kernel thread without removing it from tasklists
425 extern int kernel_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void * arg, unsigned long flags);
427 extern unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk);
428 void show_trace(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *stack);
430 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p);
432 #define THREAD_SIZE_LONGS (THREAD_SIZE/sizeof(unsigned long))
433 #define KSTK_TOP(info) \
435 unsigned long *__ptr = (unsigned long *)(info); \
436 (unsigned long)(&__ptr[THREAD_SIZE_LONGS]); \
440 * The below -8 is to reserve 8 bytes on top of the ring0 stack.
441 * This is necessary to guarantee that the entire "struct pt_regs"
442 * is accessable even if the CPU haven't stored the SS/ESP registers
443 * on the stack (interrupt gate does not save these registers
444 * when switching to the same priv ring).
445 * Therefore beware: accessing the xss/esp fields of the
446 * "struct pt_regs" is possible, but they may contain the
447 * completely wrong values.
449 #define task_pt_regs(task) \
451 struct pt_regs *__regs__; \
452 __regs__ = (struct pt_regs *)(KSTK_TOP(task_stack_page(task))-8); \
456 #define KSTK_EIP(task) (task_pt_regs(task)->eip)
457 #define KSTK_ESP(task) (task_pt_regs(task)->esp)
460 struct microcode_header {
468 unsigned int datasize;
469 unsigned int totalsize;
470 unsigned int reserved[3];
474 struct microcode_header hdr;
475 unsigned int bits[0];
478 typedef struct microcode microcode_t;
479 typedef struct microcode_header microcode_header_t;
481 /* microcode format is extended from prescott processors */
482 struct extended_signature {
488 struct extended_sigtable {
491 unsigned int reserved[3];
492 struct extended_signature sigs[0];
495 /* REP NOP (PAUSE) is a good thing to insert into busy-wait loops. */
496 static inline void rep_nop(void)
498 __asm__ __volatile__("rep;nop": : :"memory");
501 #define cpu_relax() rep_nop()
503 static inline void native_load_esp0(struct tss_struct *tss, struct thread_struct *thread)
505 tss->x86_tss.esp0 = thread->esp0;
506 /* This can only happen when SEP is enabled, no need to test "SEP"arately */
507 if (unlikely(tss->x86_tss.ss1 != thread->sysenter_cs)) {
508 tss->x86_tss.ss1 = thread->sysenter_cs;
509 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS, thread->sysenter_cs, 0);
514 static inline unsigned long native_get_debugreg(int regno)
516 unsigned long val = 0; /* Damn you, gcc! */
520 asm("movl %%db0, %0" :"=r" (val)); break;
522 asm("movl %%db1, %0" :"=r" (val)); break;
524 asm("movl %%db2, %0" :"=r" (val)); break;
526 asm("movl %%db3, %0" :"=r" (val)); break;
528 asm("movl %%db6, %0" :"=r" (val)); break;
530 asm("movl %%db7, %0" :"=r" (val)); break;
537 static inline void native_set_debugreg(int regno, unsigned long value)
541 asm("movl %0,%%db0" : /* no output */ :"r" (value));
544 asm("movl %0,%%db1" : /* no output */ :"r" (value));
547 asm("movl %0,%%db2" : /* no output */ :"r" (value));
550 asm("movl %0,%%db3" : /* no output */ :"r" (value));
553 asm("movl %0,%%db6" : /* no output */ :"r" (value));
556 asm("movl %0,%%db7" : /* no output */ :"r" (value));
564 * Set IOPL bits in EFLAGS from given mask
566 static inline void native_set_iopl_mask(unsigned mask)
569 __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushfl;"
576 : "i" (~X86_EFLAGS_IOPL), "r" (mask));
579 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
580 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
582 #define paravirt_enabled() 0
583 #define __cpuid native_cpuid
585 static inline void load_esp0(struct tss_struct *tss, struct thread_struct *thread)
587 native_load_esp0(tss, thread);
591 * These special macros can be used to get or set a debugging register
593 #define get_debugreg(var, register) \
594 (var) = native_get_debugreg(register)
595 #define set_debugreg(value, register) \
596 native_set_debugreg(register, value)
598 #define set_iopl_mask native_set_iopl_mask
599 #endif /* CONFIG_PARAVIRT */
602 * Generic CPUID function
603 * clear %ecx since some cpus (Cyrix MII) do not set or clear %ecx
604 * resulting in stale register contents being returned.
606 static inline void cpuid(unsigned int op, unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx, unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
610 __cpuid(eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
613 /* Some CPUID calls want 'count' to be placed in ecx */
614 static inline void cpuid_count(int op, int count, int *eax, int *ebx, int *ecx,
619 __cpuid(eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
623 * CPUID functions returning a single datum
625 static inline unsigned int cpuid_eax(unsigned int op)
627 unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
629 cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
632 static inline unsigned int cpuid_ebx(unsigned int op)
634 unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
636 cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
639 static inline unsigned int cpuid_ecx(unsigned int op)
641 unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
643 cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
646 static inline unsigned int cpuid_edx(unsigned int op)
648 unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
650 cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
654 /* generic versions from gas */
655 #define GENERIC_NOP1 ".byte 0x90\n"
656 #define GENERIC_NOP2 ".byte 0x89,0xf6\n"
657 #define GENERIC_NOP3 ".byte 0x8d,0x76,0x00\n"
658 #define GENERIC_NOP4 ".byte 0x8d,0x74,0x26,0x00\n"
659 #define GENERIC_NOP5 GENERIC_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP4
660 #define GENERIC_NOP6 ".byte 0x8d,0xb6,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00\n"
661 #define GENERIC_NOP7 ".byte 0x8d,0xb4,0x26,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00\n"
662 #define GENERIC_NOP8 GENERIC_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP7
665 #define K8_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP1
666 #define K8_NOP2 ".byte 0x66,0x90\n"
667 #define K8_NOP3 ".byte 0x66,0x66,0x90\n"
668 #define K8_NOP4 ".byte 0x66,0x66,0x66,0x90\n"
669 #define K8_NOP5 K8_NOP3 K8_NOP2
670 #define K8_NOP6 K8_NOP3 K8_NOP3
671 #define K8_NOP7 K8_NOP4 K8_NOP3
672 #define K8_NOP8 K8_NOP4 K8_NOP4
675 /* uses eax dependencies (arbitary choice) */
676 #define K7_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP1
677 #define K7_NOP2 ".byte 0x8b,0xc0\n"
678 #define K7_NOP3 ".byte 0x8d,0x04,0x20\n"
679 #define K7_NOP4 ".byte 0x8d,0x44,0x20,0x00\n"
680 #define K7_NOP5 K7_NOP4 ASM_NOP1
681 #define K7_NOP6 ".byte 0x8d,0x80,0,0,0,0\n"
682 #define K7_NOP7 ".byte 0x8D,0x04,0x05,0,0,0,0\n"
683 #define K7_NOP8 K7_NOP7 ASM_NOP1
686 #define ASM_NOP1 K8_NOP1
687 #define ASM_NOP2 K8_NOP2
688 #define ASM_NOP3 K8_NOP3
689 #define ASM_NOP4 K8_NOP4
690 #define ASM_NOP5 K8_NOP5
691 #define ASM_NOP6 K8_NOP6
692 #define ASM_NOP7 K8_NOP7
693 #define ASM_NOP8 K8_NOP8
694 #elif defined(CONFIG_MK7)
695 #define ASM_NOP1 K7_NOP1
696 #define ASM_NOP2 K7_NOP2
697 #define ASM_NOP3 K7_NOP3
698 #define ASM_NOP4 K7_NOP4
699 #define ASM_NOP5 K7_NOP5
700 #define ASM_NOP6 K7_NOP6
701 #define ASM_NOP7 K7_NOP7
702 #define ASM_NOP8 K7_NOP8
704 #define ASM_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP1
705 #define ASM_NOP2 GENERIC_NOP2
706 #define ASM_NOP3 GENERIC_NOP3
707 #define ASM_NOP4 GENERIC_NOP4
708 #define ASM_NOP5 GENERIC_NOP5
709 #define ASM_NOP6 GENERIC_NOP6
710 #define ASM_NOP7 GENERIC_NOP7
711 #define ASM_NOP8 GENERIC_NOP8
714 #define ASM_NOP_MAX 8
716 /* Prefetch instructions for Pentium III and AMD Athlon */
717 /* It's not worth to care about 3dnow! prefetches for the K6
718 because they are microcoded there and very slow.
719 However we don't do prefetches for pre XP Athlons currently
720 That should be fixed. */
721 #define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
722 static inline void prefetch(const void *x)
724 alternative_input(ASM_NOP4,
730 #define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
731 #define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCHW
732 #define ARCH_HAS_SPINLOCK_PREFETCH
734 /* 3dnow! prefetch to get an exclusive cache line. Useful for
735 spinlocks to avoid one state transition in the cache coherency protocol. */
736 static inline void prefetchw(const void *x)
738 alternative_input(ASM_NOP4,
743 #define spin_lock_prefetch(x) prefetchw(x)
745 extern void select_idle_routine(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
747 #define cache_line_size() (boot_cpu_data.x86_cache_alignment)
749 extern unsigned long boot_option_idle_override;
750 extern void enable_sep_cpu(void);
751 extern int sysenter_setup(void);
753 /* Defined in head.S */
754 extern struct Xgt_desc_struct early_gdt_descr;
756 extern void cpu_set_gdt(int);
757 extern void switch_to_new_gdt(void);
758 extern void cpu_init(void);
759 extern void init_gdt(int cpu);
761 extern int force_mwait;
763 #endif /* __ASM_I386_PROCESSOR_H */