3 * MTD driver for the 28F160F3 Flash Memory (non-CFI) on LART.
5 * Author: Abraham vd Merwe <abraham@2d3d.co.za>
7 * Copyright (c) 2001, 2d3D, Inc.
9 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
11 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
15 * [1] 3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
16 * - Order Number: 290644-005
19 * [2] MTD internal API documentation
20 * - http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/tech/
24 * Even though this driver is written for 3 Volt Fast Boot
25 * Block Flash Memory, it is rather specific to LART. With
26 * Minor modifications, notably the without data/address line
27 * mangling and different bus settings, etc. it should be
28 * trivial to adapt to other platforms.
30 * If somebody would sponsor me a different board, I'll
37 /* partition support */
38 #define HAVE_PARTITIONS
40 #include <linux/kernel.h>
41 #include <linux/module.h>
42 #include <linux/types.h>
43 #include <linux/init.h>
44 #include <linux/errno.h>
45 #include <linux/string.h>
46 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
47 #ifdef HAVE_PARTITIONS
48 #include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
51 #ifndef CONFIG_SA1100_LART
52 #error This is for LART architecture only
55 static char module_name[] = "lart";
58 * These values is specific to 28Fxxxx3 flash memory.
59 * See section 2.3.1 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
61 #define FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM (4096 * BUSWIDTH)
62 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM 8
63 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_8m_PARAM 8
66 * These values is specific to 28Fxxxx3 flash memory.
67 * See section 2.3.2 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
69 #define FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN (32768 * BUSWIDTH)
70 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_MAIN 31
71 #define FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_8m_MAIN 15
74 * These values are specific to LART
78 #define BUSWIDTH 4 /* don't change this - a lot of the code _will_ break if you change this */
79 #define FLASH_OFFSET 0xe8000000 /* see linux/arch/arm/mach-sa1100/lart.c */
82 #define NUM_BLOB_BLOCKS FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM
83 #define BLOB_START 0x00000000
84 #define BLOB_LEN (NUM_BLOB_BLOCKS * FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM)
87 #define NUM_KERNEL_BLOCKS 7
88 #define KERNEL_START (BLOB_START + BLOB_LEN)
89 #define KERNEL_LEN (NUM_KERNEL_BLOCKS * FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN)
92 #define NUM_INITRD_BLOCKS 24
93 #define INITRD_START (KERNEL_START + KERNEL_LEN)
94 #define INITRD_LEN (NUM_INITRD_BLOCKS * FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN)
97 * See section 4.0 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
99 #define READ_ARRAY 0x00FF00FF /* Read Array/Reset */
100 #define READ_ID_CODES 0x00900090 /* Read Identifier Codes */
101 #define ERASE_SETUP 0x00200020 /* Block Erase */
102 #define ERASE_CONFIRM 0x00D000D0 /* Block Erase and Program Resume */
103 #define PGM_SETUP 0x00400040 /* Program */
104 #define STATUS_READ 0x00700070 /* Read Status Register */
105 #define STATUS_CLEAR 0x00500050 /* Clear Status Register */
106 #define STATUS_BUSY 0x00800080 /* Write State Machine Status (WSMS) */
107 #define STATUS_ERASE_ERR 0x00200020 /* Erase Status (ES) */
108 #define STATUS_PGM_ERR 0x00100010 /* Program Status (PS) */
111 * See section 4.2 in "3 Volt Fast Boot Block Flash Memory" Intel Datasheet
113 #define FLASH_MANUFACTURER 0x00890089
114 #define FLASH_DEVICE_8mbit_TOP 0x88f188f1
115 #define FLASH_DEVICE_8mbit_BOTTOM 0x88f288f2
116 #define FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_TOP 0x88f388f3
117 #define FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_BOTTOM 0x88f488f4
119 /***************************************************************************************************/
122 * The data line mapping on LART is as follows:
125 * -------------------
144 /* Mangle data (x) */
145 #define DATA_TO_FLASH(x) \
147 (((x) & 0x08009000) >> 11) + \
148 (((x) & 0x00002000) >> 10) + \
149 (((x) & 0x04004000) >> 8) + \
150 (((x) & 0x00000010) >> 4) + \
151 (((x) & 0x91000820) >> 3) + \
152 (((x) & 0x22080080) >> 2) + \
153 ((x) & 0x40000400) + \
154 (((x) & 0x00040040) << 1) + \
155 (((x) & 0x00110000) << 4) + \
156 (((x) & 0x00220100) << 5) + \
157 (((x) & 0x00800208) << 6) + \
158 (((x) & 0x00400004) << 9) + \
159 (((x) & 0x00000001) << 12) + \
160 (((x) & 0x00000002) << 13) \
163 /* Unmangle data (x) */
164 #define FLASH_TO_DATA(x) \
166 (((x) & 0x00010012) << 11) + \
167 (((x) & 0x00000008) << 10) + \
168 (((x) & 0x00040040) << 8) + \
169 (((x) & 0x00000001) << 4) + \
170 (((x) & 0x12200104) << 3) + \
171 (((x) & 0x08820020) << 2) + \
172 ((x) & 0x40000400) + \
173 (((x) & 0x00080080) >> 1) + \
174 (((x) & 0x01100000) >> 4) + \
175 (((x) & 0x04402000) >> 5) + \
176 (((x) & 0x20008200) >> 6) + \
177 (((x) & 0x80000800) >> 9) + \
178 (((x) & 0x00001000) >> 12) + \
179 (((x) & 0x00004000) >> 13) \
183 * The address line mapping on LART is as follows:
186 * -------------------
200 * BOOT BLOCK BOUNDARY
206 * MAIN BLOCK BOUNDARY
214 * As we can see from above, the addresses aren't mangled across
215 * block boundaries, so we don't need to worry about address
216 * translations except for sending/reading commands during
220 /* Mangle address (x) on chip U2 */
221 #define ADDR_TO_FLASH_U2(x) \
223 (((x) & 0x00000f00) >> 4) + \
224 (((x) & 0x00042000) << 1) + \
225 (((x) & 0x0009c003) << 2) + \
226 (((x) & 0x00021080) << 3) + \
227 (((x) & 0x00000010) << 4) + \
228 (((x) & 0x00000040) << 5) + \
229 (((x) & 0x00000024) << 7) + \
230 (((x) & 0x00000008) << 10) \
233 /* Unmangle address (x) on chip U2 */
234 #define FLASH_U2_TO_ADDR(x) \
236 (((x) << 4) & 0x00000f00) + \
237 (((x) >> 1) & 0x00042000) + \
238 (((x) >> 2) & 0x0009c003) + \
239 (((x) >> 3) & 0x00021080) + \
240 (((x) >> 4) & 0x00000010) + \
241 (((x) >> 5) & 0x00000040) + \
242 (((x) >> 7) & 0x00000024) + \
243 (((x) >> 10) & 0x00000008) \
246 /* Mangle address (x) on chip U3 */
247 #define ADDR_TO_FLASH_U3(x) \
249 (((x) & 0x00000080) >> 3) + \
250 (((x) & 0x00000040) >> 1) + \
251 (((x) & 0x00052020) << 1) + \
252 (((x) & 0x00084f03) << 2) + \
253 (((x) & 0x00029010) << 3) + \
254 (((x) & 0x00000008) << 5) + \
255 (((x) & 0x00000004) << 7) \
258 /* Unmangle address (x) on chip U3 */
259 #define FLASH_U3_TO_ADDR(x) \
261 (((x) << 3) & 0x00000080) + \
262 (((x) << 1) & 0x00000040) + \
263 (((x) >> 1) & 0x00052020) + \
264 (((x) >> 2) & 0x00084f03) + \
265 (((x) >> 3) & 0x00029010) + \
266 (((x) >> 5) & 0x00000008) + \
267 (((x) >> 7) & 0x00000004) \
270 /***************************************************************************************************/
272 static __u8 read8 (__u32 offset)
274 volatile __u8 *data = (__u8 *) (FLASH_OFFSET + offset);
276 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x -> 0x%.2x\n", __func__, offset, *data);
281 static __u32 read32 (__u32 offset)
283 volatile __u32 *data = (__u32 *) (FLASH_OFFSET + offset);
285 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x -> 0x%.8x\n", __func__, offset, *data);
290 static void write32 (__u32 x,__u32 offset)
292 volatile __u32 *data = (__u32 *) (FLASH_OFFSET + offset);
295 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x <- 0x%.8x\n", __func__, offset, *data);
299 /***************************************************************************************************/
302 * Probe for 16mbit flash memory on a LART board without doing
303 * too much damage. Since we need to write 1 dword to memory,
304 * we're f**cked if this happens to be DRAM since we can't
305 * restore the memory (otherwise we might exit Read Array mode).
307 * Returns 1 if we found 16mbit flash memory on LART, 0 otherwise.
309 static int flash_probe (void)
311 __u32 manufacturer,devtype;
313 /* setup "Read Identifier Codes" mode */
314 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ID_CODES),0x00000000);
316 /* probe U2. U2/U3 returns the same data since the first 3
317 * address lines is mangled in the same way */
318 manufacturer = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (ADDR_TO_FLASH_U2 (0x00000000)));
319 devtype = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (ADDR_TO_FLASH_U2 (0x00000001)));
321 /* put the flash back into command mode */
322 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ARRAY),0x00000000);
324 return (manufacturer == FLASH_MANUFACTURER && (devtype == FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_TOP || devtype == FLASH_DEVICE_16mbit_BOTTOM));
328 * Erase one block of flash memory at offset ``offset'' which is any
329 * address within the block which should be erased.
331 * Returns 1 if successful, 0 otherwise.
333 static inline int erase_block (__u32 offset)
338 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x\n", __func__, offset);
341 /* erase and confirm */
342 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (ERASE_SETUP),offset);
343 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (ERASE_CONFIRM),offset);
345 /* wait for block erase to finish */
348 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (STATUS_READ),offset);
349 status = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (offset));
351 while ((~status & STATUS_BUSY) != 0);
353 /* put the flash back into command mode */
354 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ARRAY),offset);
356 /* was the erase successfull? */
357 if ((status & STATUS_ERASE_ERR))
359 printk (KERN_WARNING "%s: erase error at address 0x%.8x.\n",module_name,offset);
366 static int flash_erase (struct mtd_info *mtd,struct erase_info *instr)
372 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(addr = 0x%.8x, len = %d)\n", __func__, instr->addr, instr->len);
376 if (instr->addr + instr->len > mtd->size) return (-EINVAL);
379 * check that both start and end of the requested erase are
380 * aligned with the erasesize at the appropriate addresses.
382 * skip all erase regions which are ended before the start of
383 * the requested erase. Actually, to save on the calculations,
384 * we skip to the first erase region which starts after the
385 * start of the requested erase, and then go back one.
387 for (i = 0; i < mtd->numeraseregions && instr->addr >= mtd->eraseregions[i].offset; i++) ;
391 * ok, now i is pointing at the erase region in which this
392 * erase request starts. Check the start of the requested
393 * erase range is aligned with the erase size which is in
396 if (instr->addr & (mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize - 1)) return (-EINVAL);
398 /* Remember the erase region we start on */
402 * next, check that the end of the requested erase is aligned
403 * with the erase region at that address.
405 * as before, drop back one to point at the region in which
406 * the address actually falls
408 for (; i < mtd->numeraseregions && instr->addr + instr->len >= mtd->eraseregions[i].offset; i++) ;
411 /* is the end aligned on a block boundary? */
412 if ((instr->addr + instr->len) & (mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize - 1)) return (-EINVAL);
419 /* now erase those blocks */
422 if (!erase_block (addr))
424 instr->state = MTD_ERASE_FAILED;
428 addr += mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize;
429 len -= mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize;
431 if (addr == mtd->eraseregions[i].offset + (mtd->eraseregions[i].erasesize * mtd->eraseregions[i].numblocks)) i++;
434 instr->state = MTD_ERASE_DONE;
435 mtd_erase_callback(instr);
440 static int flash_read (struct mtd_info *mtd,loff_t from,size_t len,size_t *retlen,u_char *buf)
443 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(from = 0x%.8x, len = %d)\n", __func__, (__u32)from, len);
447 if (!len) return (0);
448 if (from + len > mtd->size) return (-EINVAL);
450 /* we always read len bytes */
453 /* first, we read bytes until we reach a dword boundary */
454 if (from & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
456 int gap = BUSWIDTH - (from & (BUSWIDTH - 1));
458 while (len && gap--) *buf++ = read8 (from++), len--;
461 /* now we read dwords until we reach a non-dword boundary */
462 while (len >= BUSWIDTH)
464 *((__u32 *) buf) = read32 (from);
471 /* top up the last unaligned bytes */
472 if (len & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
473 while (len--) *buf++ = read8 (from++);
479 * Write one dword ``x'' to flash memory at offset ``offset''. ``offset''
480 * must be 32 bits, i.e. it must be on a dword boundary.
482 * Returns 1 if successful, 0 otherwise.
484 static inline int write_dword (__u32 offset,__u32 x)
489 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(): 0x%.8x <- 0x%.8x\n", __func__, offset, x);
493 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (PGM_SETUP),offset);
498 /* wait for the write to finish */
501 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (STATUS_READ),offset);
502 status = FLASH_TO_DATA (read32 (offset));
504 while ((~status & STATUS_BUSY) != 0);
506 /* put the flash back into command mode */
507 write32 (DATA_TO_FLASH (READ_ARRAY),offset);
509 /* was the write successfull? */
510 if ((status & STATUS_PGM_ERR) || read32 (offset) != x)
512 printk (KERN_WARNING "%s: write error at address 0x%.8x.\n",module_name,offset);
519 static int flash_write (struct mtd_info *mtd,loff_t to,size_t len,size_t *retlen,const u_char *buf)
525 printk (KERN_DEBUG "%s(to = 0x%.8x, len = %d)\n", __func__, (__u32)to, len);
531 if (!len) return (0);
532 if (to + len > mtd->size) return (-EINVAL);
534 /* first, we write a 0xFF.... padded byte until we reach a dword boundary */
535 if (to & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
537 __u32 aligned = to & ~(BUSWIDTH - 1);
538 int gap = to - aligned;
542 while (gap--) tmp[i++] = 0xFF;
543 while (len && i < BUSWIDTH) tmp[i++] = buf[n++], len--;
544 while (i < BUSWIDTH) tmp[i++] = 0xFF;
546 if (!write_dword (aligned,*((__u32 *) tmp))) return (-EIO);
553 /* now we write dwords until we reach a non-dword boundary */
554 while (len >= BUSWIDTH)
556 if (!write_dword (to,*((__u32 *) buf))) return (-EIO);
564 /* top up the last unaligned bytes, padded with 0xFF.... */
565 if (len & (BUSWIDTH - 1))
569 while (len--) tmp[i++] = buf[n++];
570 while (i < BUSWIDTH) tmp[i++] = 0xFF;
572 if (!write_dword (to,*((__u32 *) tmp))) return (-EIO);
580 /***************************************************************************************************/
582 static struct mtd_info mtd;
584 static struct mtd_erase_region_info erase_regions[] = {
585 /* parameter blocks */
587 .offset = 0x00000000,
588 .erasesize = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM,
589 .numblocks = FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM,
593 .offset = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM * FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM,
594 .erasesize = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN,
595 .numblocks = FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_MAIN,
599 #ifdef HAVE_PARTITIONS
600 static struct mtd_partition lart_partitions[] = {
604 .offset = BLOB_START,
610 .offset = KERNEL_START, /* MTDPART_OFS_APPEND */
613 /* initial ramdisk / file system */
615 .name = "file system",
616 .offset = INITRD_START, /* MTDPART_OFS_APPEND */
617 .size = INITRD_LEN, /* MTDPART_SIZ_FULL */
622 int __init lart_flash_init (void)
625 memset (&mtd,0,sizeof (mtd));
626 printk ("MTD driver for LART. Written by Abraham vd Merwe <abraham@2d3d.co.za>\n");
627 printk ("%s: Probing for 28F160x3 flash on LART...\n",module_name);
630 printk (KERN_WARNING "%s: Found no LART compatible flash device\n",module_name);
633 printk ("%s: This looks like a LART board to me.\n",module_name);
634 mtd.name = module_name;
635 mtd.type = MTD_NORFLASH;
637 mtd.flags = MTD_CAP_NORFLASH;
638 mtd.size = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_PARAM * FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_PARAM + FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN * FLASH_NUMBLOCKS_16m_MAIN;
639 mtd.erasesize = FLASH_BLOCKSIZE_MAIN;
640 mtd.numeraseregions = ARRAY_SIZE(erase_regions);
641 mtd.eraseregions = erase_regions;
642 mtd.erase = flash_erase;
643 mtd.read = flash_read;
644 mtd.write = flash_write;
645 mtd.owner = THIS_MODULE;
650 "mtd.size = 0x%.8x (%uM)\n"
651 "mtd.erasesize = 0x%.8x (%uK)\n"
652 "mtd.numeraseregions = %d\n",
654 mtd.size,mtd.size / (1024*1024),
655 mtd.erasesize,mtd.erasesize / 1024,
656 mtd.numeraseregions);
658 if (mtd.numeraseregions)
659 for (result = 0; result < mtd.numeraseregions; result++)
662 "mtd.eraseregions[%d].offset = 0x%.8x\n"
663 "mtd.eraseregions[%d].erasesize = 0x%.8x (%uK)\n"
664 "mtd.eraseregions[%d].numblocks = %d\n",
665 result,mtd.eraseregions[result].offset,
666 result,mtd.eraseregions[result].erasesize,mtd.eraseregions[result].erasesize / 1024,
667 result,mtd.eraseregions[result].numblocks);
669 #ifdef HAVE_PARTITIONS
670 printk ("\npartitions = %d\n", ARRAY_SIZE(lart_partitions));
672 for (result = 0; result < ARRAY_SIZE(lart_partitions); result++)
675 "lart_partitions[%d].name = %s\n"
676 "lart_partitions[%d].offset = 0x%.8x\n"
677 "lart_partitions[%d].size = 0x%.8x (%uK)\n",
678 result,lart_partitions[result].name,
679 result,lart_partitions[result].offset,
680 result,lart_partitions[result].size,lart_partitions[result].size / 1024);
684 #ifndef HAVE_PARTITIONS
685 result = add_mtd_device (&mtd);
687 result = add_mtd_partitions (&mtd,lart_partitions, ARRAY_SIZE(lart_partitions));
693 void __exit lart_flash_exit (void)
695 #ifndef HAVE_PARTITIONS
696 del_mtd_device (&mtd);
698 del_mtd_partitions (&mtd);
702 module_init (lart_flash_init);
703 module_exit (lart_flash_exit);
705 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
706 MODULE_AUTHOR("Abraham vd Merwe <abraham@2d3d.co.za>");
707 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MTD driver for Intel 28F160F3 on LART board");