2 * Intel CPU Microcode Update Driver for Linux
4 * Copyright (C) 2000-2006 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>
5 * 2006 Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
7 * This driver allows to upgrade microcode on Intel processors
8 * belonging to IA-32 family - PentiumPro, Pentium II,
9 * Pentium III, Xeon, Pentium 4, etc.
11 * Reference: Section 8.11 of Volume 3a, IA-32 Intel? Architecture
12 * Software Developer's Manual
13 * Order Number 253668 or free download from:
15 * http://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/253668.htm
17 * For more information, go to http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode
19 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
20 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
21 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
22 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
24 * 1.0 16 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
26 * 1.01 18 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
27 * Added read() support + cleanups.
28 * 1.02 21 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
29 * Added 'device trimming' support. open(O_WRONLY) zeroes
30 * and frees the saved copy of applied microcode.
31 * 1.03 29 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
32 * Made to use devfs (/dev/cpu/microcode) + cleanups.
33 * 1.04 06 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
34 * Added misc device support (now uses both devfs and misc).
35 * Added MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl to clear memory.
36 * 1.05 09 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
37 * Messages for error cases (non Intel & no suitable microcode).
38 * 1.06 03 Aug 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
39 * Removed ->release(). Removed exclusive open and status bitmap.
40 * Added microcode_rwsem to serialize read()/write()/ioctl().
41 * Removed global kernel lock usage.
42 * 1.07 07 Sep 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
43 * Write 0 to 0x8B msr and then cpuid before reading revision,
44 * so that it works even if there were no update done by the
45 * BIOS. Otherwise, reading from 0x8B gives junk (which happened
46 * to be 0 on my machine which is why it worked even when I
47 * disabled update by the BIOS)
48 * Thanks to Eric W. Biederman <ebiederman@lnxi.com> for the fix.
49 * 1.08 11 Dec 2000, Richard Schaal <richard.schaal@intel.com> and
50 * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
51 * Intel Pentium 4 processor support and bugfixes.
52 * 1.09 30 Oct 2001, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
53 * Bugfix for HT (Hyper-Threading) enabled processors
54 * whereby processor resources are shared by all logical processors
55 * in a single CPU package.
56 * 1.10 28 Feb 2002 Asit K Mallick <asit.k.mallick@intel.com> and
57 * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>,
58 * Serialize updates as required on HT processors due to
59 * speculative nature of implementation.
60 * 1.11 22 Mar 2002 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
61 * Fix the panic when writing zero-length microcode chunk.
62 * 1.12 29 Sep 2003 Nitin Kamble <nitin.a.kamble@intel.com>,
63 * Jun Nakajima <jun.nakajima@intel.com>
64 * Support for the microcode updates in the new format.
65 * 1.13 10 Oct 2003 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
66 * Removed ->read() method and obsoleted MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl
67 * because we no longer hold a copy of applied microcode
69 * 1.14 25 Jun 2004 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
70 * Fix sigmatch() macro to handle old CPUs with pf == 0.
71 * Thanks to Stuart Swales for pointing out this bug.
73 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
74 #include <linux/capability.h>
75 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
76 #include <linux/firmware.h>
77 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
78 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
79 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
80 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
81 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
82 #include <linux/kernel.h>
83 #include <linux/module.h>
84 #include <linux/mutex.h>
85 #include <linux/sched.h>
86 #include <linux/init.h>
87 #include <linux/slab.h>
88 #include <linux/cpu.h>
92 #include <asm/microcode.h>
93 #include <asm/processor.h>
96 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Microcode Update Driver");
97 MODULE_AUTHOR("Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>");
98 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
100 #define MICROCODE_VERSION "2.00"
102 static struct microcode_ops *microcode_ops;
104 /* no concurrent ->write()s are allowed on /dev/cpu/microcode */
105 static DEFINE_MUTEX(microcode_mutex);
107 struct ucode_cpu_info ucode_cpu_info[NR_CPUS];
108 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ucode_cpu_info);
110 #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE
111 struct update_for_cpu {
112 const void __user *buf;
116 static long update_for_cpu(void *_ufc)
118 struct update_for_cpu *ufc = _ufc;
121 error = microcode_ops->request_microcode_user(smp_processor_id(),
122 ufc->buf, ufc->size);
126 microcode_ops->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
130 static int do_microcode_update(const void __user *buf, size_t size)
134 struct update_for_cpu ufc = { .buf = buf, .size = size };
136 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
137 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
141 error = work_on_cpu(cpu, update_for_cpu, &ufc);
148 static int microcode_open(struct inode *unused1, struct file *unused2)
151 return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? 0 : -EPERM;
154 static ssize_t microcode_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
155 size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
159 if ((len >> PAGE_SHIFT) > num_physpages) {
160 printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: too much data (max %ld pages)\n",
166 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex);
168 ret = do_microcode_update(buf, len);
172 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex);
178 static const struct file_operations microcode_fops = {
179 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
180 .write = microcode_write,
181 .open = microcode_open,
184 static struct miscdevice microcode_dev = {
185 .minor = MICROCODE_MINOR,
187 .fops = µcode_fops,
190 static int __init microcode_dev_init(void)
194 error = misc_register(µcode_dev);
197 "microcode: can't misc_register on minor=%d\n",
205 static void microcode_dev_exit(void)
207 misc_deregister(µcode_dev);
210 MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(MICROCODE_MINOR);
212 #define microcode_dev_init() 0
213 #define microcode_dev_exit() do { } while (0)
216 /* fake device for request_firmware */
217 static struct platform_device *microcode_pdev;
219 static long reload_for_cpu(void *unused)
221 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + smp_processor_id();
224 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex);
226 err = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(smp_processor_id(),
227 µcode_pdev->dev);
229 microcode_ops->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
231 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex);
235 static ssize_t reload_store(struct sys_device *dev,
236 struct sysdev_attribute *attr,
237 const char *buf, size_t sz)
240 unsigned long val = simple_strtoul(buf, &end, 0);
249 err = work_on_cpu(cpu, reload_for_cpu, NULL);
257 static ssize_t version_show(struct sys_device *dev,
258 struct sysdev_attribute *attr, char *buf)
260 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;
262 return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.rev);
265 static ssize_t pf_show(struct sys_device *dev,
266 struct sysdev_attribute *attr, char *buf)
268 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;
270 return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.pf);
273 static SYSDEV_ATTR(reload, 0200, NULL, reload_store);
274 static SYSDEV_ATTR(version, 0400, version_show, NULL);
275 static SYSDEV_ATTR(processor_flags, 0400, pf_show, NULL);
277 static struct attribute *mc_default_attrs[] = {
280 &attr_processor_flags.attr,
284 static struct attribute_group mc_attr_group = {
285 .attrs = mc_default_attrs,
289 static void __microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu)
291 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
293 microcode_ops->microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
297 static void microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu)
299 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex);
300 __microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
301 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex);
304 static void collect_cpu_info(int cpu)
306 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
308 memset(uci, 0, sizeof(*uci));
309 if (!microcode_ops->collect_cpu_info(cpu, &uci->cpu_sig))
313 static int microcode_resume_cpu(int cpu)
315 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
316 struct cpu_signature nsig;
318 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d resumed\n", cpu);
324 * Let's verify that the 'cached' ucode does belong
325 * to this cpu (a bit of paranoia):
327 if (microcode_ops->collect_cpu_info(cpu, &nsig)) {
328 __microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
329 printk(KERN_ERR "failed to collect_cpu_info for resuming cpu #%d\n",
334 if ((nsig.sig != uci->cpu_sig.sig) || (nsig.pf != uci->cpu_sig.pf)) {
335 __microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
336 printk(KERN_ERR "cached ucode doesn't match the resuming cpu #%d\n",
338 /* Should we look for a new ucode here? */
345 static long microcode_update_cpu(void *unused)
347 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + smp_processor_id();
351 * Check if the system resume is in progress (uci->valid != NULL),
352 * otherwise just request a firmware:
355 err = microcode_resume_cpu(smp_processor_id());
357 collect_cpu_info(smp_processor_id());
358 if (uci->valid && system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING)
359 err = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(
361 µcode_pdev->dev);
364 microcode_ops->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
368 static int microcode_init_cpu(int cpu)
371 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex);
372 err = work_on_cpu(cpu, microcode_update_cpu, NULL);
373 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex);
378 static int mc_sysdev_add(struct sys_device *sys_dev)
380 int err, cpu = sys_dev->id;
381 struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
383 if (!cpu_online(cpu))
386 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d added\n", cpu);
387 memset(uci, 0, sizeof(*uci));
389 err = sysfs_create_group(&sys_dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
393 err = microcode_init_cpu(cpu);
395 sysfs_remove_group(&sys_dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
400 static int mc_sysdev_remove(struct sys_device *sys_dev)
402 int cpu = sys_dev->id;
404 if (!cpu_online(cpu))
407 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
408 microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
409 sysfs_remove_group(&sys_dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
413 static int mc_sysdev_resume(struct sys_device *dev)
417 if (!cpu_online(cpu))
420 /* only CPU 0 will apply ucode here */
421 microcode_update_cpu(NULL);
425 static struct sysdev_driver mc_sysdev_driver = {
426 .add = mc_sysdev_add,
427 .remove = mc_sysdev_remove,
428 .resume = mc_sysdev_resume,
432 mc_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
434 unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
435 struct sys_device *sys_dev;
437 sys_dev = get_cpu_sysdev(cpu);
440 case CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN:
441 if (microcode_init_cpu(cpu))
442 printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: failed to init CPU%d\n",
444 case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
445 case CPU_DOWN_FAILED_FROZEN:
446 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d added\n", cpu);
447 if (sysfs_create_group(&sys_dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group))
448 printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: Failed to create the sysfs "
449 "group for CPU%d\n", cpu);
451 case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
452 case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE_FROZEN:
453 /* Suspend is in progress, only remove the interface */
454 sysfs_remove_group(&sys_dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
455 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
458 case CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN:
459 /* The CPU refused to come up during a system resume */
460 microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
466 static struct notifier_block __refdata mc_cpu_notifier = {
467 .notifier_call = mc_cpu_callback,
470 static int __init microcode_init(void)
472 struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);
475 if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL)
476 microcode_ops = init_intel_microcode();
477 else if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
478 microcode_ops = init_amd_microcode();
480 if (!microcode_ops) {
481 printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: no support for this CPU vendor\n");
485 error = microcode_dev_init();
488 microcode_pdev = platform_device_register_simple("microcode", -1,
490 if (IS_ERR(microcode_pdev)) {
491 microcode_dev_exit();
492 return PTR_ERR(microcode_pdev);
496 error = sysdev_driver_register(&cpu_sysdev_class, &mc_sysdev_driver);
499 microcode_dev_exit();
500 platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
504 register_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
507 "Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION
508 " <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>,"
514 static void __exit microcode_exit(void)
516 microcode_dev_exit();
518 unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
521 sysdev_driver_unregister(&cpu_sysdev_class, &mc_sysdev_driver);
524 platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
526 microcode_ops = NULL;
529 "Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION " removed.\n");
532 module_init(microcode_init);
533 module_exit(microcode_exit);